علیرغم این 30秒で
- A formal Persian phrase meaning 'despite this' or 'nevertheless'.
- Used primarily in written, academic, and journalistic contexts to show contrast.
- Requires an 'Ezafe' sound (Aliraghm-e in) to be grammatically correct.
- Acts as a transition between two independent sentences or clauses.
The Persian phrase علیرغم این (Aliraghm-e in) is a sophisticated adverbial connector used to introduce a contrast or a concession. In English, it most closely translates to 'despite this,' 'nevertheless,' or 'notwithstanding this.' It is a compound structure consisting of the Arabic-derived prepositional phrase 'علیرغم' (meaning despite/in spite of) and the demonstrative pronoun 'این' (this). This phrase is a hallmark of formal, academic, and journalistic Persian, signaling to the reader or listener that the upcoming information contradicts or stands in opposition to what was previously stated. While a beginner might use the simple word اما (but), an intermediate or advanced learner uses علیرغم این to demonstrate a higher command of the language's logical connectors.
- Grammatical Function
- It functions as a transition word, usually placed at the beginning of a sentence or a new clause to link it to the preceding context. It creates a 'concessive' relationship between two ideas.
- Register and Tone
- It is distinctly formal. You will encounter it in news broadcasts, legal documents, academic papers, and serious literature. In casual conversation, Persians often substitute it with با این حال (with this state/nevertheless) or با وجود این (despite this existence).
«مشکلات اقتصادی زیادی وجود داشت؛ علیرغم این، شرکت به فعالیت خود ادامه داد.»
Understanding the internal logic of the phrase is helpful for memorization. The word رغم (raghm) in Arabic literally refers to 'rubbing the nose in the dust,' symbolizing forced submission or something happening against one's will. Therefore, Aliraghm-e in literally translates to 'upon the forcing of this,' implying that the subsequent action occurs even though the previous situation tried to prevent it. This imagery of resistance makes the phrase very powerful in persuasive writing.
- Semantic Range
- While it primarily means 'despite this,' it can also carry the nuance of 'regardless' or 'even so.' It emphasizes the resilience of the subject in the face of obstacles.
«باران شدیدی میبارید؛ علیرغم این، مسابقه لغو نشد.»
Mastering علیرغم این requires understanding its placement within complex sentence structures. Unlike simple conjunctions that sit between two words, this phrase acts as a bridge between two independent thoughts. It requires a complete thought to precede it so that the 'این' (this) has a clear referent. If you haven't established a situation first, the 'this' in 'despite this' has no meaning.
- The Preceding Context
- The first sentence must establish a fact, a condition, or a hurdle. For example: 'The team was tired.' This sets the stage for the contrast.
- The Transition
- Start the second sentence with علیرغم این followed by a comma. This creates a rhythmic pause that alerts the reader to the upcoming reversal of expectations.
«او تمام شب را بیدار بود. علیرغم این، در امتحان نمره عالی گرفت.»
In more advanced Persian literature, you might see the phrase integrated more fluidly into a single sentence using a semicolon. This is particularly common in philosophical or legal texts where logical flow is paramount. For example: 'قانون شفاف نبود؛ علیرغم این، دادگاه حکم خود را صادر کرد' (The law was not clear; despite this, the court issued its verdict). Note that 'علیرغم' is also used as a preposition followed by a noun, such as 'علیرغمِ مشکلات' (despite the problems). However, adding 'این' turns it into a standalone adverbial phrase that refers back to the entire previous sentence.
«دولت بودجه را کاهش داد؛ علیرغم این، پروژههای عمرانی متوقف نشدند.»
One stylistic nuance to observe is that علیرغم این is rarely used at the very end of a sentence in Persian, unlike 'nevertheless' which can sometimes appear at the end in English. In Persian, the logic flows from the contrast marker to the result. Using it at the beginning of the second clause is the most natural and grammatically sound position.
If you tune into an Iranian news channel like IRINN or listen to BBC Persian, you will hear علیرغم این constantly. It is the bread and butter of political and social commentary. News anchors use it to link conflicting reports or to highlight a surprising outcome in international relations. For instance, 'تحریمها افزایش یافته است؛ علیرغم این، صادرات نفت ادامه دارد' (Sanctions have increased; despite this, oil exports continue).
- In the Classroom and Academia
- University professors and students use this phrase during lectures and in dissertations. It is essential for critical thinking in Persian, allowing a researcher to acknowledge a counter-argument before presenting their findings. It adds a layer of intellectual rigor to the speech.
- In Literature and High-End Fiction
- Modern Persian writers, especially those writing in a realistic or philosophical style, use this phrase to describe the internal conflicts of characters. It helps in painting a picture of a character who perseveres against the odds.
«او میدانست که راه دشواری در پیش دارد. علیرغم این، هرگز ناامید نشد.»
You will rarely hear this phrase in a bustling Tehran bazaar or during a casual family dinner. In those settings, people prefer shorter, punchier words like ولی (but) or با این حال (still). Using علیرغم این in a very casual setting might make you sound like you are reading from a textbook, which can be perceived as slightly stiff or overly formal. However, if you are giving a formal presentation or writing an email to a professor, it is the perfect choice.
«پزشکان هشدار داده بودند؛ علیرغم این، او به تمرینات ورزشی خود بازگشت.»
One of the most frequent errors made by English speakers learning Persian is the omission of the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound) that links 'علیرغم' to 'این'. Without this link, the phrase sounds disjointed and grammatically incorrect. It must be pronounced and written (mentally) as Aliraghm-e in. In written Persian, the Ezafe is usually not shown with a symbol, but its presence is understood.
- Confusing it with 'بهرغم'
- Some learners use بهرغم این (be-raghm-e in). While this is also correct and means the same thing, علیرغم این is much more common in modern usage. Using 'بهرغم' is even more literary and can sound slightly archaic or poetic in the wrong context.
- Incorrect Clause Placement
- Learners often try to put علیرغم این at the end of the sentence, translating literally from English sentences like 'He failed, despite this.' In Persian, this feels incomplete. The correct order is almost always [Fact] + [علیرغم این] + [Contrast].
«اشتباه: او خوشحال بود علیرغم این.» (Wrong: He was happy despite this.)
«درست: مشکلات زیادی وجود داشت؛ علیرغم این، او خوشحال بود.» (Correct: There were many problems; despite this, he was happy.)
Another mistake is using it to mean 'because of this' or 'therefore'. Remember that علیرغم این is for opposition, not consequence. If 'A' leads to 'B', you use بنابراین (therefore). If 'A' should prevent 'B' but 'B' happens anyway, you use علیرغم این.
«او بیمار بود؛ علیرغم این، به کارش ادامه داد.»
Persian is rich with concessive connectors. Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific nuance you want to convey. علیرغم این is the 'heavyweight' formal option. Let's look at how it compares to its cousins.
- با وجود این (Ba Vojud-e in)
- This is the most common alternative. It is versatile—formal enough for writing but natural enough for educated speech. It literally means 'with the existence of this.' It is slightly softer than علیرغم این.
- با این حال (Ba in Hal)
- Literally 'with this state.' This is very common in spoken Persian. If you are chatting with a friend and want to say 'even so' or 'nonetheless,' this is your best bet. It feels less 'bookish' than علیرغم این.
- با این همه (Ba in Hame)
- Meaning 'with all this.' This is used to summarize a long list of obstacles before presenting the contrast. It emphasizes the collective weight of the preceding facts.
«هوا طوفانی بود؛ با این حال، ما به سفر رفتیم.»
(More natural for a casual conversation about a trip.)
For the most formal contexts, such as classical literature or high-level diplomacy, you might encounter معذلک (Ma'a zalik), which is a direct Arabic loan phrase meaning 'with that.' However, this is becoming rare in modern standard Persian and is often replaced by علیرغم این. On the other end of the spectrum, the word منتظر (montazer) is sometimes used in very specific dialectal contexts, but for a standard learner, sticking to the 'Ba' phrases or 'Aliraghm' is the safest path to sounding fluent.
«او ثروتمند است؛ علیرغم این، زندگی بسیار سادهای دارد.»
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
In Arabic, the phrase 'رغم أنفه' (raghma anfihi) is used to say someone did something against their will. Persian adopted this 'nose' metaphor for the general concept of 'despite'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing it as 'Ali-raghm in' without the 'e' sound (Ezafe).
- Pronouncing the 'gh' as a hard 'k'.
- Stress on the first syllable 'A-li'.
- Merging the two words into one sound without a slight pause.
- Confusing 'Aliraghm' with 'Alay-e' (against).
難易度
Requires understanding of formal sentence structures.
Challenging to use the Ezafe correctly and place it naturally.
Rarely used in speech; sounds very formal.
Easy to hear but can be confused with other 'Ali' phrases.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
The Ezafe Construction
علیرغمِ این (The 'e' sound links the prepositional phrase to the pronoun).
Concessive Clauses
Using 'علیرغم این که' to introduce a subordinate clause.
Semicolon Usage
Using a semicolon before 'علیرغم این' to join two independent clauses.
Arabic Loanwords in Persian
Understanding how 'Ali' and 'Raghm' function together as a single unit.
Adverbial Placement
Placing the adverbial phrase at the start of the second sentence for clarity.
レベル別の例文
هوا سرد است، اما من بیرون میروم.
The weather is cold, but I am going out.
A1 students use 'اما' instead of 'علیرغم این'.
او خسته است ولی کار میکند.
He is tired but he is working.
'ولی' is a common A1 conjunction.
غذا شور بود، اما من خوردم.
The food was salty, but I ate it.
Simple contrast.
کتاب سخت بود ولی جالب بود.
The book was hard but interesting.
Adjective contrast.
او پول ندارد اما خوشحال است.
He has no money but he is happy.
Using 'اما' for surprise.
ماشین قدیمی است اما سریع است.
The car is old but fast.
Simple sentence structure.
چای داغ بود ولی او نوشید.
The tea was hot but he drank it.
Contrast of condition and action.
من او را نمیشناسم اما سلام کردم.
I don't know him but I said hello.
Social contrast.
هوا بارانی بود؛ با این حال، ما پیادهروی کردیم.
It was rainy; nevertheless, we walked.
'با این حال' is an A2 stepping stone to 'علیرغم این'.
او مریض بود؛ با این حال، به مدرسه آمد.
He was sick; even so, he came to school.
Introducing semicolon usage.
او وقت نداشت؛ با این حال، به من کمک کرد.
He had no time; nonetheless, he helped me.
Concessive meaning.
فیلم طولانی بود؛ با این حال، خستهکننده نبود.
The movie was long; however, it wasn't boring.
Contrasting adjectives.
او تشنه بود؛ با این حال، آب ننوشید.
He was thirsty; still, he didn't drink water.
Action vs. need.
خانه کوچک بود؛ با این حال، خیلی زیبا بود.
The house was small; nevertheless, it was very beautiful.
Positive contrast.
او ترسیده بود؛ با این حال، جلو رفت.
He was scared; even so, he went forward.
Emotional contrast.
راه دور بود؛ با این حال، ما پیاده رفتیم.
The way was far; nevertheless, we went on foot.
Distance contrast.
او تمام تلاشش را کرد؛ علیرغم این، شکست خورد.
He did his best; despite this, he failed.
B1 starts using 'علیرغم این' in formal contexts.
او ثروتمند است؛ علیرغم این، بسیار خسیس است.
He is rich; despite this, he is very stingy.
Contrast of character traits.
امتحان سخت بود؛ علیرغم این، همه قبول شدند.
The exam was hard; despite this, everyone passed.
Unexpected result.
او سالها در خارج زندگی کرد؛ علیرغم این، زبانش خوب نیست.
He lived abroad for years; despite this, his language isn't good.
Logical contradiction.
او پیر است؛ علیرغم این، هر روز ورزش میکند.
He is old; despite this, he exercises every day.
Physical contrast.
قیمتها بالا رفته است؛ علیرغم این، مردم خرید میکنند.
Prices have gone up; despite this, people are buying.
Economic context.
او اشتباه کرد؛ علیرغم این، عذرخواهی نکرد.
He made a mistake; despite this, he didn't apologize.
Social behavior contrast.
ترافیک سنگین بود؛ علیرغم این، ما به موقع رسیدیم.
Traffic was heavy; despite this, we arrived on time.
Time management contrast.
تحریمها علیه کشور وضع شده است؛ علیرغم این، اقتصاد در حال رشد است.
Sanctions have been imposed against the country; despite this, the economy is growing.
B2 level political/economic context.
شواهد علمی کمی وجود دارد؛ علیرغم این، بسیاری از مردم به آن باور دارند.
There is little scientific evidence; despite this, many people believe in it.
Abstract concept contrast.
او در خانوادهای فقیر بزرگ شد؛ علیرغم این، به یکی از موفقترین تاجران تبدیل گشت.
He grew up in a poor family; despite this, he became one of the most successful businessmen.
Biographical contrast.
دولت وعدههای زیادی داده بود؛ علیرغم این، هیچ تغییری حاصل نشد.
The government had made many promises; despite this, no change was achieved.
Political criticism context.
تکنولوژی پیشرفت کرده است؛ علیرغم این، مشکلات محیطزیستی افزایش یافته است.
Technology has advanced; despite this, environmental problems have increased.
Complex societal contrast.
او از ارتفاع میترسد؛ علیرغم این، تصمیم گرفت چتربازی کند.
He is afraid of heights; despite this, he decided to skydive.
Overcoming fear contrast.
قرارداد بسیار مبهم بود؛ علیرغم این، هر دو طرف آن را امضا کردند.
The contract was very ambiguous; despite this, both parties signed it.
Legal/Business context.
او هیچ تجربهای در این زمینه نداشت؛ علیرغم این، مدیریت پروژه را پذیرفت.
He had no experience in this field; despite this, he accepted the project management.
Professional responsibility contrast.
نظریه او با چالشهای جدی روبرو شد؛ علیرغم این، او همچنان بر مواضع خود پافشاری میکند.
His theory faced serious challenges; despite this, he still insists on his positions.
Academic/Intellectual persistence.
بحران جهانی بر تمامی بازارها تأثیر گذاشت؛ علیرغم این، برخی شرکتهای نوپا توانستند سودآوری خود را حفظ کنند.
The global crisis affected all markets; despite this, some startups were able to maintain their profitability.
Advanced economic analysis.
متن اصلی کتاب بسیار پیچیده و دشوار است؛ علیرغم این، ترجمه آن به شیوهای روان انجام شده است.
The original text of the book is very complex and difficult; despite this, its translation has been done in a fluent manner.
Literary/Translational nuance.
او به شدت مجروح شده بود؛ علیرغم این، توانست خود را به نزدیکترین روستا برساند.
He was severely injured; despite this, he managed to reach the nearest village.
High-stakes narrative contrast.
قوانین جدید محدودیتهای زیادی ایجاد کرده است؛ علیرغم این، هنرمندان راههای جدیدی برای بیان افکار خود یافتهاند.
The new laws have created many restrictions; despite this, artists have found new ways to express their thoughts.
Socio-political/Artistic contrast.
منابع طبیعی در حال اتمام است؛ علیرغم این، مصرفگرایی در جوامع مدرن همچنان رو به افزایش است.
Natural resources are running out; despite this, consumerism in modern societies is still on the rise.
Sociological critique.
او در انزوای کامل به سر میبرد؛ علیرغم این، آثارش تأثیر شگرفی بر نسلهای بعدی گذاشت.
He lived in complete isolation; despite this, his works had a profound impact on future generations.
Historical/Literary impact.
مذاکرات به بنبست رسیده بود؛ علیرغم این، میانجیگران ناامید نشدند و به تلاش خود ادامه دادند.
The negotiations had reached a deadlock; despite this, the mediators did not lose hope and continued their efforts.
Diplomatic/Strategic context.
ساختار سیاسی کشور به شدت متصلب شده است؛ علیرغم این، پویاییهای اجتماعی در لایههای زیرین جامعه همچنان در جریان است.
The political structure of the country has become severely rigid; despite this, social dynamics in the underlying layers of society are still in flux.
Highly sophisticated political sociology.
پارادایمهای حاکم بر فیزیک مدرن بسیار استوار به نظر میرسند؛ علیرغم این، یافتههای جدید کوانتومی ممکن است تمامی این پیشفرضها را دگرگون سازد.
The dominant paradigms in modern physics seem very stable; despite this, new quantum findings may transform all these assumptions.
Advanced scientific/epistemological context.
او از تمامی امتیازات طبقاتی خود چشمپوشی کرد؛ علیرغم این، هرگز نتوانست از سایه نام خانوادگیاش رهایی یابد.
He renounced all his class privileges; despite this, he could never escape the shadow of his family name.
Nuanced psychological/social narrative.
زبان فارسی در طول قرنها دستخوش تغییرات فراوانی شده است؛ علیرغم این، هویت بنیادین خود را به شکلی حیرتانگیز حفظ کرده است.
The Persian language has undergone many changes over the centuries; despite this, it has preserved its fundamental identity in an astonishing way.
Linguistic/Historical analysis.
نظام قضایی با انتقادات گستردهای روبرو بود؛ علیرغم این، اصلاحات پیشنهادی با مقاومت شدیدی از سوی ذینفعان مواجه گشت.
The judicial system faced widespread criticism; despite this, the proposed reforms met with strong resistance from stakeholders.
Complex legal/institutional discourse.
فضای مجازی امکانات بیپایانی برای ارتباط فراهم کرده است؛ علیرغم این، نرخ تنهایی و انزوای فردی در بالاترین حد خود قرار دارد.
The virtual space has provided endless possibilities for communication; despite this, the rate of loneliness and individual isolation is at its highest.
Modern existential paradox.
او در اوج شهرت و موفقیت بود؛ علیرغم این، همواره با نوعی ملال وجودی و پوچی دست و پنجه نرم میکرد.
He was at the height of fame and success; despite this, he always grappled with a kind of existential boredom and absurdity.
Philosophical/Literary character study.
روابط دو جانبه به پایینترین سطح خود رسیده بود؛ علیرغم این، تبادلات فرهنگی میان دو ملت هرگز به طور کامل قطع نشد.
Bilateral relations had reached their lowest level; despite this, cultural exchanges between the two nations were never completely severed.
Geopolitical/Cultural nuance.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Despite all this effort. Used when results don't match the work.
علیرغم این همه تلاش، پروژه شکست خورد.
— Despite the fact that... Used to start a dependent clause.
علیرغم این که باران میبارید، ما رفتیم.
— Despite these circumstances/states. Used in personal letters.
علیرغم این احوال، امیدوارم حالت خوب باشد.
— Despite these statements. Used after hearing arguments.
علیرغم این گفتهها، من به او اعتماد ندارم.
— Despite these obstacles. Common in motivational contexts.
علیرغم این موانع، او به قله رسید.
— Despite these restrictions. Used in creative or legal contexts.
علیرغم این محدودیتها، او شاهکار خود را خلق کرد.
— Despite this background/record. Used in job interviews or court.
علیرغم این سوابق، او فردی لایق است.
— Despite these tendencies. Used in psychology.
علیرغم این تمایلات، او رفتار خود را کنترل کرد.
よく混同される語
Means 'therefore'. It shows a result, not a contrast.
This is a preposition that must be followed by a noun, not a standalone phrase.
Means 'in addition to this'. It adds information instead of contrasting it.
慣用句と表現
— Literally 'despite the nose'. An Arabic idiom used in Persian to mean 'to spite someone'.
او رغمِ انفِ دشمنانش به موفقیت رسید.
Literary/Archaic— To spite the enemies. Used when someone succeeds despite opposition.
او برغمِ دشمنان، پیروز شد.
Formal— Against one's inner will. Used when doing something you don't want to.
علیرغمِ میلِ باطنی، مجبور شدم استعفا دهم.
Formal— Despite the times/fate. Used in poetry to show resilience against destiny.
به رغمِ روزگار، ما هنوز با هم هستیم.
Poetic— To rub someone's nose in the dust (metaphorically).
او با پیروزی خود، بر بینی رقیبان رغم زد.
Literary/Rare— Against all odds/predictions.
او علیرغمِ تمامِ پیشبینیها، زنده ماند.
Formal— Despite fierce opposition.
قانون علیرغمِ مخالفتهای شدید تصویب شد.
Political— Despite numerous problems.
علیرغمِ مشکلاتِ عدیده، کار به پایان رسید.
Administrative— Despite the deceptive appearance.
علیرغمِ ظاهرِ فریبنده، او مردی مهربان است.
Literary間違えやすい
Looks similar but lacks the 'این'.
'علیرغم' is a preposition (needs a noun), 'علیرغم این' is a complete transition phrase.
علیرغمِ باران (Despite the rain) vs. باران میبارید؛ علیرغم این، رفتیم (It rained; despite this, we went).
Identical meaning.
'بهرغم' is slightly more literary/poetic and less common in news.
بهرغمِ تلاشهای او...
Same translation 'nevertheless'.
'با این حال' is more informal and common in speech.
خستهام، با این حال میام.
Similar structure.
'با وجودِ' is more neutral and can be used in more contexts than the formal 'علیرغم'.
با وجودِ سرما...
Both show concession.
'اگرچه' (although) starts a dependent clause, while 'علیرغم این' links two independent thoughts.
اگرچه خسته بود، کار کرد. vs. او خسته بود؛ علیرغم این، کار کرد.
文型パターン
[Fact]. علیرغم این، [Contrast].
او خسته بود. علیرغم این، کار کرد.
[Fact]؛ علیرغم این، [Contrast].
هوا طوفانی بود؛ علیرغم این، هواپیما نشست.
علیرغم این [Noun]، ...
علیرغم این مشکلات، ما موفق شدیم.
علیرغم این که [Clause], [Main Clause].
علیرغم این که او جوان است، بسیار داناست.
[Fact]. علیرغم این موضوع، [Contrast].
او بیپول بود. علیرغم این موضوع، به همه کمک میکرد.
[Complex Fact]. علیرغم این واقعیت تلخ، [Contrast].
جنگ ادامه داشت. علیرغم این واقعیت تلخ، مردم امیدوار بودند.
بهرغم این، [Contrast].
بهرغم این، او هنوز بر حرف خود ایستاده است.
علیرغم این همه [Noun Plural]، ...
علیرغم این همه سختیها، او لبخند میزد.
語族
名詞
関連
使い方
High in written media; Low in spoken casual Persian.
-
علیرغم این، او مریض شد.
→
او دارو خورد؛ علیرغم این، مریض شد.
The phrase needs a prior context that it contrasts with.
-
او خسته بود علیرغم این.
→
او خسته بود؛ علیرغم این، به کار ادامه داد.
It cannot be used as a sentence-ending tag like 'though' in English.
-
علیرغم این خستگی...
→
علیرغمِ این خستگی...
If followed by a noun, it needs the Ezafe clearly marked or understood.
-
بنابراین او رفت علیرغم این.
→
او نمیخواست برود؛ علیرغم این، رفت.
Don't mix 'therefore' logic with 'despite' logic.
-
Ali-raghm in (no Ezafe)
→
Ali-raghm-e in
The Ezafe is essential for the grammatical connection.
ヒント
The Ezafe Link
Always remember the invisible 'e' sound: Aliraghm-e in. It's the glue of the phrase.
Professionalism
Use this phrase in emails to your boss or professor to sound more professional.
Logical Flow
Ensure the sentence before 'علیرغم این' contains a clear obstacle or fact.
News Anchor Style
If you want to sound like a news anchor, practice saying this phrase with a slight pause after it.
Synonym Variety
Try not to use 'اما' too much in essays. Replace some with 'علیرغم این'.
Scanning
When reading Persian news, look for 'علیرغم' to quickly find where the contrast in the story is.
Context Matters
It is often used when discussing resilience, such as surviving a hard winter or economic times.
Pitch
Notice the slight rise in pitch on the word 'این' when Persians say this phrase.
Ali on a Rag
Remember: Ali is on a Rag in the way, but he keeps going anyway!
Elegant Transitions
Using this phrase shows you are moving beyond basic Persian into intermediate/advanced fluency.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Ali' standing 'on' (upon) a 'Rag' (raghm) that is 'In' (in) the way. He stands on the rag despite it being there.
視覚的連想
Imagine a person walking forward while a strong wind (representing 'this') is blowing against them. The person is 'Aliraghm-e in'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to write three sentences about a difficult day you had, starting each second sentence with 'علیرغم این'.
語源
The phrase is a combination of the Arabic preposition 'علی' (on/against) and the Arabic noun 'رغم' (raghm), which literally means 'dust' or 'rubbing the nose in the dust'.
元の意味： The original Arabic sense was 'to do something in spite of someone's nose being in the dust' (i.e., against their will or despite their humiliation).
Semitic (Arabic) roots integrated into Indo-European (Persian) structure via the Ezafe.文化的な背景
It is a neutral, formal word. No specific sensitivities, but avoid using it in very low-register slang as it sounds pretentious.
Equivalent to 'Notwithstanding' in legal English or 'Despite this' in standard English.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
News/Journalism
- علیرغم این تحریمها
- علیرغم این توافق
- علیرغم این بحران
- علیرغم این مخالفتها
Academic Writing
- علیرغم این یافتهها
- علیرغم این نظریه
- علیرغم این شواهد
- علیرغم این تفاوتها
Business/Legal
- علیرغم این قرارداد
- علیرغم این ضرر
- علیرغم این شرایط
- علیرغم این محدودیتها
Literature
- علیرغم این اندوه
- علیرغم این تنهایی
- علیرغم این سرنوشت
- علیرغم این عشق
Daily Formal Interaction
- علیرغم این موضوع
- علیرغم این لطف شما
- علیرغم این مشکلات
- علیرغم این فاصله
会話のきっかけ
"آیا فکر میکنید علیرغم این مشکلات، اقتصاد کشور بهتر میشود؟"
"علیرغم این همه تکنولوژی، چرا مردم تنهاتر شدهاند؟"
"علیرغم این تفاوتهای فرهنگی، چگونه میتوانیم با هم متحد شویم؟"
"علیرغم این که وقت کمی دارید، آیا به مطالعه ادامه میدهید؟"
"علیرغم این شکست، برنامه بعدی شما چیست؟"
日記のテーマ
درباره زمانی بنویسید که علیرغم این که همه ناامید بودند، شما موفق شدید.
علیرغم این که دنیا در حال تغییر است، چه ارزشهایی باید ثابت بمانند؟
درباره یک شخصیت تاریخی بنویسید که علیرغم این که موانع زیادی داشت، دنیا را تغییر داد.
علیرغم این که زندگی دشوار است، چه چیزی به شما انگیزه میدهد؟
آیا علیرغم این همه اطلاعات در اینترنت، ما واقعاً داناتر شدهایم؟
よくある質問
10 問It is two words: 'علیرغم' and 'این'. However, 'علیرغم' itself is sometimes written with a half-space as 'علیرغم'.
You can, but it will sound very formal. Better to use 'با این حال' or just 'ولی'.
Yes, in formal writing, a comma is usually placed after 'علیرغم این' when it starts a sentence.
Yes, 'Ali' and 'Raghm' are both Arabic words, but the phrase is used natively in Persian.
There isn't a single word, but 'بنابراین' (therefore) is the logical opposite as it shows consequence instead of contrast.
Yes, 'علیرغم آن' means 'despite that' and is also common.
It's a voiced velar fricative, similar to a French 'r' or the sound you make when gargling water.
The variant 'بهرغم' is more common in classical poetry, but 'علیرغم' appears in modern poems.
No, it almost always appears at the beginning of the clause it introduces.
Yes, because it requires understanding formal register and complex sentence connection.
自分をテスト 200 問
Write a sentence using 'علیرغم این' about a cold day and a walk.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a difficult exam and a good grade.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'He was tired; despite this, he helped me.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'علیرغم این' to connect: 'It was raining.' and 'The match continued.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Describe a person who is rich but lives simply using 'علیرغم این'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a formal sentence about economic sanctions and growth.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Create a sentence using 'علیرغم این واقعیت که'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Notwithstanding the difficulties, we finished the project.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a character who is afraid but brave.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'علیرغم این' in a business context about a lost contract.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about technology and loneliness.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Despite all this effort, he failed.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a noisy city and a quiet house.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'علیرغم این' to show irony in a social situation.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'The path was unclear; nevertheless, we moved forward.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a historical figure's resilience.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'علیرغم این' in an academic sentence about a theory.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Translate: 'Despite the warnings, he went into the forest.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a small budget and a big result.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Create a sentence about a long distance and a walk.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Say 'Despite this' in formal Persian.
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Pronounce 'Aliraghm-e in' clearly.
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Use 'علیرغم این' in a sentence about being tired.
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Explain the meaning of 'علیرغم این' in Persian.
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Tell a short story about a rainy day using 'علیرغم این'.
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Use 'علیرغم این' to describe a difficult exam.
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Contrast 'ثروتمند' and 'خسیس' using the phrase.
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Say: 'Despite the traffic, we arrived on time.'
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Use the phrase to talk about a sick person working.
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Explain why 'علیرغم این' is formal.
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Say: 'Despite this fact...' in Persian.
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Use the phrase in a sentence about technology.
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Contrast 'جوان' and 'دانا' using the phrase.
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Say: 'Despite the obstacles...'
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Use the phrase to talk about a movie you didn't like but finished.
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Say: 'Despite the cold weather...'
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Tell someone 'Nevertheless, I agree' formally.
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Use the phrase to describe a small but expensive house.
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Say: 'Despite my inner will...'
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Use the phrase in a political context.
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Listen and identify the connector: 'هوا بد بود؛ علیرغم این، ما رفتیم.'
Listen: 'او پول نداشت؛ علیرغم این، خوشحال بود.' Is he rich?
Listen: 'او مریض است؛ علیرغم این، کار میکند.' What is he doing?
Listen: 'علیرغم این مشکلات، ما موفق شدیم.' Did they succeed?
Listen for the Ezafe: 'Aliraghm-e in'. Is it present?
Listen: 'ترافیک بود؛ علیرغم این، به موقع رسیدیم.' Were they late?
Listen: 'او پیر است؛ علیرغم این، ورزش میکند.' Does he exercise?
Listen: 'غذا شور بود؛ علیرغم این، خوردم.' Was the food good?
Listen: 'او وقت نداشت؛ علیرغم این، کمک کرد.' Did he help?
Listen: 'او میترسید؛ علیرغم این، رفت.' Was he brave?
Listen: 'راه دور بود؛ علیرغم این، پیاده رفتیم.' Did they use a car?
Listen: 'او خسته بود؛ علیرغم این، نخوابید.' Did he sleep?
Listen: 'امتحان سخت بود؛ علیرغم این، قبول شد.' Did he pass?
Listen: 'او تنها بود؛ علیرغم این، شاد بود.' Is he sad?
Listen: 'او تجربه نداشت؛ علیرغم این، مدیر شد.' What is his job now?
او خسته بود علیرغم این.
علیرغم این خسته بود.
بنابراین او رفت علیرغم این.
Aliraghm in (No Ezafe)
علیرغم این چون هوا خوب بود.
او خوشحال بود علیرغم این که پول داشت.
علیرغم این، من چون گرسنه بودم خوردم.
او پیر بود علیرغم این ورزش کرد.
علیرغم این که او مریض بود بنابراین نیامد.
او رفت علیرغم این.
/ 200 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The phrase 'علیرغم این' is your go-to connector for formal Persian when you want to say 'despite this'. It elevates your language from simple 'but' (اما) to a professional, academic level. Example: 'مشکلات زیاد بود؛ علیرغم این، پیروز شدیم.' (Problems were many; despite this, we won.)
- A formal Persian phrase meaning 'despite this' or 'nevertheless'.
- Used primarily in written, academic, and journalistic contexts to show contrast.
- Requires an 'Ezafe' sound (Aliraghm-e in) to be grammatically correct.
- Acts as a transition between two independent sentences or clauses.
The Ezafe Link
Always remember the invisible 'e' sound: Aliraghm-e in. It's the glue of the phrase.
Professionalism
Use this phrase in emails to your boss or professor to sound more professional.
Logical Flow
Ensure the sentence before 'علیرغم این' contains a clear obstacle or fact.
News Anchor Style
If you want to sound like a news anchor, practice saying this phrase with a slight pause after it.
関連コンテンツ
businessの関連語
عادتأ
B2習慣的に；例によって。習慣や慣習に基づいて行われる行動を表します。
عامیانه
B2Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal.
اعطا کردن
B2（権利、権力、または名誉を）与える、授与する。大学は彼に学位を授与した。
اعتبار
A2クレジット、有効性、評判。カードの残高、文書の有効期限、または社会的信用を意味します。
اعتبار دادن
B1誰かや何かに信用を与えたり、信憑性を持たせたりすること。
اعتبار مالی
B1Financial standing or reputation; available funds.
اعتباراً
B2On credit; by means of credibility.
اعتباردهنده
B2「اعتباردهنده」は債権者または信用供与者を意味し、他者に資金を貸し出すエンティティを指します。
اعتبارنامه
B1信任状または資格を証明する公式文書。大使は国家元首に信任状を捧呈しました。
اعتباری
B1クレジット（信用）に関する、特に金融上の信用。
