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A1 noun #1,500 よく出る 7分で読める

امتحان

emtehân 上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント امتحان 30秒で

解説 امتحان in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Emtehān' is one of the first nouns students learn related to school. It is used in very simple sentences to express having or not having a test. Learners at this stage focus on the basic 'Emtehān dāram' (I have an exam) or 'Emtehān dāri?' (Do you have an exam?). The focus is on the literal academic meaning. You might use it to talk about your Persian class or a simple quiz. The goal is to recognize the word in a sentence and understand that it refers to a test. You don't need to worry about complex idioms yet, just the basic noun-verb pairing with 'dāshtan' (to have).

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'Emtehān' with more descriptive adjectives like 'sakht' (hard) or 'āsān' (easy). You also start to distinguish between 'Emtehān dādan' (taking a test) and 'Emtehān gereftan' (giving/administering a test). You can talk about your schedule, such as 'Hafte-ye āyande emtehān-e rānandegi dāram' (I have a driving test next week). You might also use the word 'emtehān kardan' to mean 'to try' something, like trying a new food or a new pen. Your sentences become longer and include time expressions and basic emotions related to exams, like being worried or happy.

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At the B1 level, you can discuss the process of preparing for an exam. You use terms like 'dars khāndan barāye emtehān' (studying for an exam) and 'ghabool shodan' (passing) or 'rad shodan' (failing). You can describe your feelings about the 'shab-e emtehān' (exam night) and the pressure of the educational system. You start to see 'Emtehān' in more formal contexts, like news reports about school schedules. You also begin to understand the difference between 'Emtehān' and 'Āzmoon' in practical settings. You can write a short paragraph about your experience with a difficult exam and how you prepared for it.

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At the B2 level, you use 'Emtehān' in more abstract and idiomatic ways. You can talk about 'emtehān-e elāhi' (divine trials) or 'emtehān-e bozorg' (a great trial/challenge) in life. You are comfortable with the plural 'emtehānāt' and can use it in formal letters or essays. You understand the nuances of 'emtehān kardan' when it refers to testing a hypothesis or a person's patience. You can participate in debates about the merits and flaws of the exam-based grading system in Iran. Your vocabulary includes collocations like 'emtehān-e nahrāyi' (final exam) and 'emtehān-e miān-term' (midterm).

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At the C1 level, 'Emtehān' is used in complex socio-political and philosophical discussions. You can analyze the cultural impact of the 'Konkur' exam on Iranian youth. You use the word in literary analysis, identifying 'emtehān' as a motif in classical Persian poetry (like the works of Rumi or Hafez). You can use sophisticated verbs like 'be emtehān keshidan' (to put to the test) or 'sarboland az emtehān biroon āmadan' (to come out of a test with flying colors). You understand the historical etymology of the word and its relationship to Arabic roots, and you can use it in high-level academic writing.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'Emtehān' is near-native. You can use the word with absolute precision in any context, from legal documents to mystical poetry. You understand the subtle irony or sarcasm when someone uses 'emtehān' in a joking manner. You can write extensive critiques of the 'testing culture' and its psychological effects. You are familiar with rare idioms and archaic uses of the word found in ancient texts. You can switch between formal 'emtehānāt' and colloquial 'emtehān-mamtehān' (using reduplication for emphasis or dismissal) with ease, demonstrating a deep cultural and linguistic immersion.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

امتحان 30秒で

Emtehān means exam or test in Persian.
Used for school tests, driving tests, and life trials.
Students 'give' exams; teachers 'take' them.
Can also mean 'to try' or 'to test' something.

The word امتحان (Emtehān) is a cornerstone of the Persian language, primarily functioning as a noun to denote a formal test, examination, or trial. Rooted in the Arabic root M-H-N, which relates to testing or trying, it has been fully integrated into Persian for centuries. In a modern context, it most frequently refers to academic assessments, from simple classroom quizzes to the life-altering 'Konkur' university entrance exam. However, its semantic range extends beyond the classroom into the realms of character, faith, and physical endurance.

Academic Context: In schools and universities, this is the standard term for any evaluative procedure. It can be oral (shafahi) or written (katabi).

فردا یک امتحان سخت ریاضی دارم.

Translation: I have a difficult math exam tomorrow.

Beyond the literal test, Emtehān is used metaphorically to describe the trials of life. In Persian literature and daily speech, a difficult situation is often described as a 'divine test' (emtehān-e elāhi). This reflects a cultural worldview where challenges are seen as opportunities to prove one's worth or patience. The word carries a weight of preparation and anxiety, much like its English counterpart, but with a deeper philosophical undertone in classical poetry.

Spiritual Trial: In mystical Persian literature, the soul undergoes various 'emtehāns' to reach a higher state of being.

زندگی پر از امتحانهای مختلف است.

To truly understand امتحان, one must recognize the intensity of the Iranian education system. For a student, this word isn't just a noun; it's a season of high stress, late-night study sessions (shab-e emtehāni), and the collective anxiety of families. It is often paired with the verb 'dādan' (to give) when a student takes it, which is a common point of confusion for English speakers who 'take' exams.

Practical Use: Used for driving tests (emtehān-e rānandegi), medical board exams, and language proficiency tests.

او در امتحان رانندگی قبول شد.

این یک امتحان بزرگ برای دوستی ماست.

نتایج امتحان هفته آینده اعلام می‌شود.

Using امتحان correctly requires understanding its light verb constructions. Unlike English where you 'take' an exam, in Persian, the student 'gives' an exam (emtehān dādan), while the teacher 'takes' the exam (emtehān gereftan). This reversal is the most frequent error for learners. If you say 'Man emtehān gereftam', you are saying you were the proctor or the examiner, not the student.

Student Perspective: امتحان دادن (Emtehān dādan) - To sit for an exam.

من دیروز امتحان دادم.

Another vital construction is emtehān kardan, which means 'to test' or 'to try out' something, like a piece of equipment, a new food, or a theory. This is distinct from the academic 'emtehān dādan'. For example, if you want to see if a pen works, you 'emtehān' it. If you want to see if a student knows math, you 'emtehān' them.

Teacher Perspective: امتحان گرفتن (Emtehān gereftan) - To administer an exam.

استاد امروز از ما امتحان گرفت.

In formal writing, you might encounter the plural form emtehānāt. While emtehān-hā is perfectly acceptable in speech, emtehānāt is the preferred Arabic-style plural for official documents and academic schedules. Phrases like 'fasl-e emtehānāt' (exam season) are ubiquitous in Iranian culture during the months of Dey (January) and Khordad (June).

Testing an Object: امتحان کردن (Emtehān kardan) - To test/try something.

قبل از خرید، ماشین را امتحان کن.

آیا می‌خواهی این غذا را امتحان کنی؟

او همیشه قبل از حرف زدن، فکرش را امتحان می‌کند.

You will hear امتحان everywhere in Iran, but its frequency peaks in educational settings. Walk into any high school or university during June, and it’s the only word on anyone’s lips. Parents ask their children, 'Emtehāneto chetor dādi?' (How did you do on your exam?). Students complain about 'shab-e emtehān' (the night before the exam), a cultural phenomenon of cramming and stress.

On the News: Announcements regarding national exams, results, or changes in the educational calendar.

زمان برگزاری امتحان نهایی تغییر کرد.

In the workplace, emtehān might refer to a probationary period or a technical test for a new hire. In religious or moral discussions, speakers use it to describe the challenges sent by God to test a believer's faith. You'll hear it in movies when a character is put in a difficult moral dilemma, with a friend saying, 'In ye emtehāne barāt' (This is a test for you).

In Daily Chores: When trying on clothes or testing a new gadget in a shop.

می‌توانم این لباس را امتحان کنم؟

Finally, the word appears in many common idioms and proverbs. It is a word that bridges the gap between the mundane (a spelling test) and the existential (the test of life). Whether you are at a driving school, a doctor's office (testing a theory), or a mosque, emtehān is a constant linguistic presence.

Social Media: Students posting memes about failing exams or the difficulty of professors.

همه دارن برای امتحان درس می‌خونن.

نتیجه امتحان رانندگی‌ام چی شد؟

این امتحان الهی است، صبور باش.

The most glaring mistake learners make with امتحان is the verb choice. In English, you 'take' an exam. In Persian, if you say 'Man emtehān gereftam' (I took an exam), you are actually saying you were the teacher who administered the test. To say you were the student, you must say 'Man emtehān dādam' (I gave an exam). This is counter-intuitive but essential for sounding natural.

The 'Take' vs 'Give' Trap: Wrong: من امتحان گرفتم (unless you are the teacher). Correct: من امتحان دادم.

اشتباه: من امتحان گرفتم. درست: من امتحان دادم.

Another common error is confusing emtehān kardan with emtehān dādan. While both involve the word 'emtehān', the former means 'to test an object or idea' and the latter means 'to take an academic test'. You wouldn't 'emtehān dādan' a new car; you would 'emtehān kardan' it. Conversely, you don't 'emtehān kardan' a history exam; you 'emtehān dādan' it.

Preposition Errors: Students often forget the preposition 'az' (from) when saying who took the test. 'Moallem az mā emtehān gereft' (The teacher took an exam from us).

استاد از دانشجویان امتحان گرفت.

Finally, watch out for the pluralization. While 'emtehānhā' is okay, using 'emtehānāt' in a very casual setting might sound slightly overly formal, though it's rarely 'wrong'. The biggest mistake remains the semantic confusion between 'testing a person's knowledge' and 'testing a machine's functionality'.

Confusion with 'Azmoon': While similar, 'Azmoon' is often used for standardized tests (like IELTS), while 'Emtehān' is for school exams.

او در امتحان ورودی شرکت کرد.

نباید امتحان را با تمرین اشتباه گرفت.

من برای امتحان آماده نیستم.

Persian has several words for 'test' or 'exam', and choosing the right one depends on the context. امتحان is the most general and common. However, آزمون (Āzmoon) is its most frequent synonym, often used in more formal or standardized contexts, such as the university entrance exam (Āzmoon-e Sarāsari).

Emtehān vs. Āzmoon: Emtehān is everyday/school. Āzmoon is formal/standardized.

آزمون دکتری بسیار دشوار است.

Another related word is تست (Test), borrowed directly from English. It is specifically used for multiple-choice questions. If a student says 'Emtehān-e tati dāram', they mean an exam consisting of multiple-choice questions. آزمایش (Āzmāyesh) is another cousin, but it refers to a scientific experiment or a medical lab test (like a blood test).

Āzmāyesh: Used for lab tests, blood work, or scientific experiments.

جواب آزمایش خون آماده است.

For a 'trial' or 'ordeal' in a literary sense, you might see محک (Mahak) or ابتلا (Ebtelā). Mahak refers to a touchstone used to test the purity of gold, and metaphorically, to test someone's character. Ebtelā is often used for suffering or a difficult trial sent by fate. Understanding these nuances helps in selecting the word that carries the correct emotional and formal weight.

Sanjesh: Refers to 'assessment' or 'measurement' of skills.

سازمان سنجش مسئول برگزاری کنکور است.

این یک امتحان ساده نیست.

او با این کار، وفاداری‌اش را به امتحان گذاشت.

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Light Verb Constructions (Compound Verbs)

Arabic Plurals in Persian

Preposition 'az' with 'gereftan'

Subjunctive with 'bāyad' and 'emtehān kardan'

Ezafe construction in academic titles

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レベル別の例文

من امروز امتحان دارم.

I have an exam today.

Simple present tense with 'dāshtan'.

آیا امتحان سخت است؟

Is the exam difficult?

Interrogative sentence.

امتحان فارسی کجاست؟

Where is the Persian exam?

Using 'kojāst' for location.

او امتحان ندارد.

He/She does not have an exam.

Negative form of 'dāshtan'.

امتحان ساعت ده است.

The exam is at ten o'clock.

Telling time with 'ast'.

این امتحان آسان است.

This exam is easy.

Adjective 'āsān' modifying 'emtehān'.

من برای امتحان آماده هستم.

I am ready for the exam.

Preposition 'barāye' (for).

نام شما روی برگه امتحان است.

Your name is on the exam paper.

Possessive construction 'nām-e shomā'.

من دیروز امتحان ریاضی دادم.

I took a math exam yesterday.

Past tense of 'emtehān dādan'.

معلم از ما امتحان گرفت.

The teacher gave us an exam.

Using 'emtehān gereftan' for the teacher.

می‌خواهم این بستنی را امتحان کنم.

I want to try this ice cream.

'Emtehān kardan' meaning 'to try'.

او در امتحان رانندگی قبول شد.

He passed the driving test.

'Ghabool shodan' (to pass).

فردا امتحان نهایی داریم.

We have a final exam tomorrow.

Adjective 'nahāyi' (final).

چرا برای امتحان درس نمی‌خوانی؟

Why aren't you studying for the exam?

Negative present continuous question.

امتحان شفاهی خیلی استرس دارد.

The oral exam is very stressful.

Adjective 'shafahi' (oral).

او در امتحان رد شد.

He failed the exam.

'Rad shodan' (to fail).

شب امتحان همیشه تا دیر وقت بیدارم.

On exam night, I'm always up late.

Compound noun 'shab-e emtehān'.

نتایج امتحان هفته آینده اعلام می‌شود.

The exam results will be announced next week.

Passive construction 'e'lām mishavad'.

او برای امتحان ورودی دانشگاه تلاش می‌کند.

He is striving for the university entrance exam.

Compound adjective 'emtehān-e voroodi'.

باید قبل از خرید، گوشی را امتحان کنی.

You should test the phone before buying it.

Modal verb 'bāyad' with subjunctive.

امتحان میان‌ترم نیمی از نمره کل است.

The midterm exam is half of the total grade.

Compound noun 'miān-term'.

او از امتحان دادن خسته شده است.

He is tired of taking exams.

Present perfect 'khaste shode ast'.

آیا می‌توانی این نظریه را امتحان کنی؟

Can you test this theory?

Abstract use of 'emtehān kardan'.

او در تمام امتحان‌هایش موفق بود.

He was successful in all his exams.

Plural 'emtehānhā' with possessive.

این مشکلات امتحانی برای صبر ماست.

These problems are a test of our patience.

Metaphorical use of 'emtehān'.

او با موفقیت از این امتحان الهی بیرون آمد.

He emerged successfully from this divine trial.

Religious/Cultural collocation 'emtehān-e elāhi'.

فصل امتحانات همیشه پر از استرس است.

Exam season is always full of stress.

Arabic plural 'emtehānāt'.

او می‌خواست وفاداری دوستش را امتحان کند.

He wanted to test his friend's loyalty.

Testing an abstract quality.

برگزاری امتحان به صورت آنلاین چالش‌برانگیز است.

Holding exams online is challenging.

Gerund 'bargozāri' (holding/administering).

او در امتحان ورودی پزشکی رتبه اول را آورد.

He ranked first in the medical entrance exam.

Idiom 'rotbe āvardan' (to get a rank).

این یک امتحان سرنوشت‌ساز برای تیم ماست.

This is a decisive test for our team.

Compound adjective 'sarnevesht-sāz'.

او بدون آمادگی در جلسه امتحان حاضر شد.

He showed up for the exam without preparation.

Formal phrase 'jalase-ye emtehān'.

نظام آموزشی نباید فقط بر پایه امتحان باشد.

The educational system should not be based solely on exams.

Complex sentence with 'bar pāye'.

او تمام زندگی‌اش را یک امتحان بزرگ می‌داند.

He considers his entire life a great trial.

Philosophical usage.

صداقت او در این شرایط دشوار به امتحان گذاشته شد.

His honesty was put to the test in these difficult conditions.

Passive idiom 'be emtehān gozāshte shodan'.

نتایج امتحانات نهایی بازتاب عملکرد کل سال است.

Final exam results reflect the performance of the entire year.

Formal academic vocabulary.

او با متانت از این امتحان سخت سربلند بیرون آمد.

He emerged with honor from this difficult ordeal with composure.

Idiom 'sarboland biroon āmadan'.

تحلیل سوالات امتحان نشان‌دهنده سطح بالای دشواری بود.

Analysis of the exam questions indicated a high level of difficulty.

Nominalized phrase 'tahlil-e so'ālāt'.

او از هر فرصتی برای امتحان کردن توانایی‌هایش استفاده می‌کند.

He uses every opportunity to test his abilities.

Infinitive 'emtehān kardan' as a noun.

عدالت در برگزاری امتحانات سراسری بسیار مهم است.

Justice in holding national exams is very important.

Abstract noun 'edālat'.

عشق، به تعبیر حافظ، امتحانی است که در آن جان فدا باید کرد.

Love, according to Hafez, is a trial in which one must sacrifice their soul.

Literary/Poetic context.

او در بوته امتحان، عیار واقعی خود را نشان داد.

In the crucible of trial, he showed his true mettle.

Idiom 'boote-ye emtehān' (crucible of testing).

تقلب در امتحان، خدشه‌ای جبران‌ناپذیر به اخلاق علمی است.

Cheating on an exam is an irreparable blow to academic ethics.

High-level ethical discourse.

او با وسواس زیادی تمام گزینه‌ها را امتحان می‌کرد.

He tested all options with great obsession/meticulousness.

Adverbial phrase 'bā vasvās-e ziād'.

این بحران، امتحانی برای سنجش کارآمدی دولت بود.

This crisis was a test to measure the government's efficiency.

Political analysis.

او هیچ‌گاه از امتحان کردن راه‌های نرفته واهمه‌ای نداشت.

He was never afraid of trying untrodden paths.

Sophisticated negative construction.

مفهوم امتحان در عرفان، مسیری برای تزکیه نفس است.

The concept of trial in mysticism is a path for self-purification.

Theological terminology.

او با ذکاوتی ستودنی، از پسِ این امتحان پیچیده برآمد.

With commendable intelligence, he managed this complex trial.

Idiom 'az pas-e chizi bar-āmadan'.

よく使う組み合わせ

امتحان دادن

امتحان گرفتن

امتحان نهایی

برگه امتحان

جلسه امتحان

شب امتحان

امتحان رانندگی

امتحان شفاهی

امتحان کتبی

امتحان میان‌ترم

よく使うフレーズ

امتحان کردن

امتحان الهی

فصل امتحانات

آمادگی برای امتحان

نتیجه امتحان

سوالات امتحان

تقلب در امتحان

موفقیت در امتحان

ترس از امتحان

امتحان ورودی

よく混同される語

امتحان vs آزمایش (Medical/Scientific)

امتحان vs تمرین (Practice/Exercise)

امتحان vs تجربه (Experience)

慣用句と表現

"از امتحان سربلند بیرون آمدن"

"به امتحان گذاشتن"

"بوته امتحان"

"امتحان خود را پس دادن"

"شب امتحانی بودن"

"امتحان مجدد"

"امتحان نکرده"

"در معرض امتحان"

"امتحان سخت زندگی"

"امتحان کردن شانس"

間違えやすい

امتحان vs آزمون

More formal/standardized.

امتحان vs آزمایش

Scientific/Lab test.

امتحان vs تست

Multiple choice only.

امتحان vs سنجش

Measurement/Assessment.

امتحان vs محک

Touchstone/Criterion.

文型パターン

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使い方

academic

Standard for all school levels.

technical

Used for testing software or machines.

metaphorical

Used for patience, loyalty, and faith.

よくある間違い

Using 'gereftan' (to take) as a student.
Using 'emtehān' for medical lab tests.
Confusing 'emtehān kardan' (test object) with 'emtehān dādan' (take test).
Pronouncing the 'h' as silent.
Using 'emtehān' when 'āzmoon' (standardized) is more appropriate.

ヒント

Verb Pairing

Always remember: Students 'give' (dādan) and Teachers 'take' (gereftan).

The Konkur

Understand that 'emtehān' in Iran carries much more stress than in many Western countries.

Emtehān vs Āzmoon

Use 'Emtehān' for daily school life and 'Āzmoon' for official certifications.

Casual Pronunciation

In Tehran, you might hear 'emtehūn' instead of 'emtehān'.

Formal Plural

Use 'emtehānāt' in academic essays to sound more professional.

Testing Objects

Use 'emtehān kardan' for trying out a new pen or a piece of cake.

Context Clues

If you hear 'elāhi' after 'emtehān', it's about life's hardships, not school.

Shab-e Emtehān

This is a great phrase to use when talking to Iranian friends about school stress.

Medical Tests

Never use 'emtehān' for a doctor's lab test; use 'āzmāyesh'.

M-H-N Root

Knowing the root helps you connect it to 'mo-m-ta-hen' (examiner).

暗記しよう

語源

Arabic

文化的な背景

The massive national exam for university entry.

The cultural concept of cramming the night before.

The belief that hardships are tests from God.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"امتحانت چطور بود؟"

"برای امتحان فردا آماده‌ای؟"

"سخت‌ترین امتحانی که دادی چی بود؟"

"از امتحان دادن می‌ترسی؟"

"به نظر تو امتحان راه خوبی برای یادگیری است؟"

日記のテーマ

Write about a time you failed an exam and what you learned.

Describe your study routine for a big exam.

Is life just a series of exams? Explain your view.

How do you feel on the night before an exam?

Compare 'Emtehān' with 'Azmoon' in your own words.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, when combined with 'kardan' (emtehān kardan), it means to try or test something like food or a tool.

The common plural is 'emtehānhā', but in formal contexts, 'emtehānāt' is used.

You say 'Man dar emtehān ghabool shodam'.

You say 'Man dar emtehān rad shodam' or 'oftādam'.

No, for blood tests, use 'āzmāyesh-e khoon'.

Usually 'moshāhebe' is used for interviews, but 'emtehān-e voroodi' might be used for a technical test.

It literally means 'Exam Night' and refers to the intense cramming students do before a test.

It is an Arabic loanword that is fully integrated into Persian.

It is the massive, high-stakes national university entrance exam in Iran.

No, if you say 'emtehān gereftan', people will think you are the teacher.

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