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B1 adverb 9分で読める

به اندازه کافی

be andazeh kafi
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解説 به اندازه کافی in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to basic needs. 'به اندازه کافی' is used simply to talk about having enough food, water, or sleep. At this stage, the focus is on the literal meaning: 'enough'. A1 students should learn the phrase as a fixed block. For example, 'من به اندازه کافی نان دارم' (I have enough bread). The goal is to express basic satisfaction of physical needs without worrying too much about the complex grammar of the Ezafe. It helps learners move beyond just saying 'yes' or 'no' when offered something. It's a vital part of basic survival Persian, especially during meals or when shopping for basic items. Teachers usually introduce it alongside vocabulary for common objects and daily activities.
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For A2 learners, 'به اندازه کافی' begins to appear in descriptions of daily routines and simple problems. Learners use it to describe why they can't do something, like 'I don't have enough money' (من به اندازه کافی پول ندارم) or 'The room is not big enough' (اتاق به اندازه کافی بزرگ نیست). At this level, students start to see the phrase modifying adjectives. They are expected to use it in negative sentences more frequently. The focus shifts to the correct placement of the phrase before the word it modifies. A2 students also learn to use it in the context of time management, a common topic in this level's curriculum. It allows for more descriptive and functional communication in everyday errands.
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At the B1 level, the target level for this word, learners use 'به اندازه کافی' to discuss more abstract concepts and provide justifications for their opinions. They can use it to talk about effort, patience, information, or quality. B1 students should be comfortable using the phrase in various positions and understanding the 'Ezafe' connection clearly. They use it to give feedback, such as 'This explanation is not clear enough' (این توضیح به اندازه کافی روشن نیست). The phrase becomes a tool for negotiation and expressing more complex feelings. B1 learners also start to distinguish it from its synonyms like 'به قدر کافی' and understand the slight difference in formality. It's no longer just about survival; it's about nuance and accuracy in social and professional interactions.
B2 learners use 'به اندازه کافی' with greater fluidity and in more varied grammatical structures. They might use it in complex sentences involving subordinate clauses, such as 'He didn't study enough to pass the exam' (او به اندازه کافی درس نخواند که در امتحان قبول شود). At this level, the phrase is used to discuss societal issues, workplace dynamics, and detailed personal experiences. B2 students can identify when the phrase is used ironically or for emphasis in literature or media. They understand the rhythmic role it plays in Persian prose. They also begin to use related idiomatic expressions and can switch between 'به اندازه کافی' and 'کفایت کردن' depending on the audience and the context of the conversation.
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At the C1 level, 'به اندازه کافی' is used with high precision in academic and professional discourse. C1 learners use it to define parameters in research, law, or technical descriptions. They are aware of the historical and etymological roots of the components 'اندازه' and 'کافی'. They can use the phrase to critique literature or discuss philosophical concepts of 'sufficiency' versus 'excess'. At this level, students also master the use of the phrase in formal writing, ensuring it balances the tone of the rest of the text. They can easily substitute it with more sophisticated alternatives like 'به میزان وافی' or 'در حد کفایت' when the situation demands a higher register. Their usage is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker.
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C2 learners master the rhetorical and stylistic potential of 'به اندازه کافی'. They use it in creative writing, poetry, and high-level oratory to create specific effects. They can analyze how the phrase has been used by classical and modern Persian poets to describe the human condition or the limits of knowledge. C2 speakers use the phrase effortlessly in rapid-fire debates, using it to set boundaries or concede points with extreme nuance. They are also masters of the negative and interrogative forms, using them to challenge assumptions or provoke thought. For a C2 learner, 'به اندازه کافی' is not just a vocabulary item but a flexible instrument for expressing the delicate balance of life and thought in the Persian language.
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به اندازه کافی 30秒で

  • Means 'enough' or 'sufficiently' in Persian.
  • Commonly used with nouns and adjectives.
  • Essential for B1 level communication.
  • Requires the Ezafe (andāze-ye kāfi) in pronunciation.

The Persian phrase به اندازه کافی (be andāze-ye kāfi) is a cornerstone of daily communication, functioning primarily as an adverbial phrase that translates to 'sufficiently' or 'enough.' It is a compound construction consisting of the preposition 'به' (to/at), the noun 'اندازه' (measure/size), and the adjective 'کافی' (sufficient/enough). Understanding this phrase is essential for B1 learners because it allows for the expression of satisfaction, adequacy, and limits in various contexts, ranging from physical quantities to abstract concepts like time and patience.

Literal Breakdown
The word 'اندازه' refers to the dimensions or scale of something, while 'کافی' is a loanword from Arabic meaning 'that which suffices.' Together with the preposition 'به', they create a phrase that literally means 'to the measure that is sufficient.'
Functional Usage
In Persian, this phrase usually follows the noun it modifies or appears at the end of a clause to describe the extent of an action. Unlike English where 'enough' can precede or follow adjectives, 'به اندازه کافی' maintains a relatively stable position in Persian syntax, often acting as a quantifier for nouns or a modifier for verbs.

"من امروز به اندازه کافی استراحت کرده‌ام."

— Translation: I have rested sufficiently today.

The beauty of this phrase lies in its versatility. Whether you are talking about the amount of salt in a dish, the amount of money for a purchase, or the amount of evidence in a legal case, be andāze-ye kāfi serves as the standard linguistic tool. It bridges the gap between basic survival Persian (A1-A2) and more nuanced conversational Persian (B1-B2). It is neither too formal nor too colloquial, making it a safe choice for almost any social setting.

"آیا به اندازه کافی پول برای خرید بلیت داری؟"

— Translation: Do you have enough money to buy the ticket?
Register and Tone
While 'بس' (bas) is a shorter, more informal way to say 'enough,' 'به اندازه کافی' is the preferred choice for writing, formal speeches, and polite conversation. It sounds more educated and precise.

Furthermore, the phrase is often used in negative constructions to express deficiency. For instance, 'ما به اندازه کافی وقت نداریم' (We do not have enough time) is a frequent expression in high-pressure environments. The negative 'نه' (na) or 'نـ' (na-) prefix on the verb changes the entire dynamic of the sentence, highlighting a lack of resources or capacity.

"این اتاق به اندازه کافی روشن نیست."

— Translation: This room is not bright enough.

Using به اندازه کافی correctly requires an understanding of Persian word order and the 'Ezafe' construction. In most sentences, this phrase functions as an adverbial modifier of quantity or degree. Let's explore the different syntactic positions it can occupy and how it interacts with other parts of speech.

Position 1: Modifying a Noun
When modifying a noun (like water, time, or money), the phrase usually follows the noun, connected by the Ezafe (-e/-ye). Example: 'آبِ به اندازه کافی' (water in sufficient amount). However, it is much more common to see it used as a standalone adverbial phrase: 'به اندازه کافی آب داریم' (We have enough water).
Position 2: Modifying an Adjective
When modifying an adjective (like big, fast, or hot), 'به اندازه کافی' typically precedes the adjective in formal Persian, though it can follow it in spoken dialects. Example: 'این چای به اندازه کافی داغ است' (This tea is hot enough).

"او به اندازه کافی باهوش است که این مسئله را حل کند."

— Translation: He is smart enough to solve this problem.

A key grammatical point is the inclusion of the 'ye' sound (the Ezafe) between 'andāze' and 'kāfi'. In transliteration, it is often written as be andāze-ye kāfi. In formal writing, the 'ye' (ی) is usually written explicitly if 'andāze' ends in a vowel, which it does (ه/e). Skipping this sound in speech makes the phrase sound disjointed and incorrect.

"ما به اندازه کافی برای این پروژه تلاش نکرده‌ایم."

— Translation: We have not put enough effort into this project.
Comparative Use
You can combine this phrase with other comparative markers. For instance, 'بیشتر از به اندازه کافی' (More than enough) implies an abundance. Conversely, 'کمتر از به اندازه کافی' (Less than enough) implies a deficiency, though 'ناکافی' (insufficient) is more concise for the latter.

In spoken Persian, the phrase is often shortened in terms of pronunciation. The 'be' might be whispered, and 'andāze' might sound like 'andāzeh'. However, for learners, maintaining the clear 'be andāze-ye kāfi' structure is the best way to ensure clarity and grammatical correctness. It is also worth noting that in poetry and classical literature, you might see 'به قدر کافی' (be ghadre kāfi) used interchangeably, where 'ghadr' also means measure or value.

"آیا نان به اندازه کافی در خانه داریم؟"

— Translation: Do we have enough bread at home?

You will encounter به اندازه کافی in a multitude of real-life scenarios in Iran and Persian-speaking communities. It is a phrase that transcends social classes and professional fields. From the bustling bazaars of Tehran to the quiet libraries of Shiraz, this phrase is used to define limits and express satisfaction.

In the Kitchen and at the Table
Persian cuisine is precise. You will hear mothers telling their children, 'باید به اندازه کافی سبزی بخوری' (You must eat enough vegetables). In recipes, you might see instructions like 'نمک را به اندازه کافی اضافه کنید' (Add salt sufficiently/to taste).
In Professional Environments
During meetings, a manager might say, 'ما به اندازه کافی اطلاعات نداریم که تصمیم بگیریم' (We don't have enough information to decide). It is used to justify delays or request more resources.

"من به اندازه کافی از این وضعیت خسته شده‌ام!"

— Translation: I am sufficiently tired of this situation! (I've had enough!)

In the context of health and wellness, Iranian doctors often emphasize, 'شما به اندازه کافی نمی‌خوابید' (You don't sleep enough). This usage highlights the phrase's role in describing habits and lifestyle choices. It is also a staple in psychological discussions, where one might talk about having 'به اندازه کافی اعتماد به نفس' (enough self-confidence).

"آیا ورزشگاه به اندازه کافی برای تماشاگران جا دارد؟"

— Translation: Does the stadium have enough space for the spectators?
In Education
Teachers use it to evaluate student performance: 'تمرینات شما به اندازه کافی دقیق نیست' (Your exercises are not accurate enough). It serves as a benchmark for quality and quantity in academic settings.

Finally, in the realm of social justice and news, you might hear activists saying, 'مردم به اندازه کافی آزادی ندارند' (People do not have enough freedom). Here, the phrase moves beyond physical quantities into the realm of human rights and political discourse, showing its power to express complex societal needs.

"امروز هوا به اندازه کافی گرم نیست که شنا کنیم."

— Translation: Today the weather is not warm enough for us to swim.

While به اندازه کافی is a standard phrase, English speakers and other learners often make specific errors when trying to integrate it into their Persian. These mistakes usually stem from direct translation or a misunderstanding of Persian grammar rules.

Mistake 1: Omitting the Preposition 'به'
Many learners say 'اندازه کافی' without the 'به'. While sometimes understood in very fast, informal speech, it is grammatically incomplete. The 'به' is what turns the measurement into an adverbial 'to the measure'. Correct: 'به اندازه کافی'. Incorrect: 'اندازه کافی'.
Mistake 2: Forgetting the Ezafe
As mentioned before, the 'ye' sound in 'andāze-ye kāfi' is vital. Without it, the words 'andāze' and 'kāfi' are just two nouns/adjectives sitting next to each other without a relationship. It sounds like 'size sufficient' instead of 'sufficient size'.

"من کافی وقت دارم." (Wrong)

"من به اندازه کافی وقت دارم." (Right)

Another common error is the placement of the phrase in relation to the verb. In English, 'enough' often comes after the adjective ('warm enough'). In Persian, putting it after the adjective can sometimes sound poetic or archaic, but in standard B1 Persian, it should precede the adjective or the noun. For example, 'به اندازه کافی گرم' is the standard way to say 'warm enough'.

"او به اندازه غذا خورد." (Incomplete)

"او به اندازه کافی غذا خورد." (Complete)

Mistake 3: Overusing 'بس' (Bas)
While 'بس' means 'enough', it is often an exclamation ('Enough! Stop!') or used in very specific literary contexts. Using 'بس' in a sentence like 'I have enough money' as 'من بس پول دارم' is incorrect. Use 'به اندازه کافی' for such descriptions.

Finally, learners often struggle with the negative form. In English, we say 'not enough'. In Persian, you must negate the verb, not the phrase itself. You wouldn't say 'نه به اندازه کافی وقت دارم'. Instead, you say 'به اندازه کافی وقت ندارم'. The negation belongs to the action of 'having', not to the concept of 'enough'.

"این غذا به اندازه کافی نمک نه دارد." (Wrong negation)

"این غذا به اندازه کافی نمک ندارد." (Right negation)

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and while به اندازه کافی is the most common way to say 'enough', several alternatives exist depending on the register and the specific nuance you want to convey.

به قدر کافی (Be Ghadre Kāfi)
This is the closest synonym. 'قدر' (ghadr) means value or amount. It is slightly more formal or literary than 'اندازه'. You will find it in newspapers and academic texts. Example: 'به قدر کافی تلاش کردیم' (We tried sufficiently).
بس (Bas)
As mentioned, 'بس' is more of an exclamation or a prefix in literary words (like 'بسیار' - very much). In modern speech, saying 'بس است' (It is enough) is a common way to tell someone to stop doing something.

"همین مقدار برای ما کافی است."

— Translation: This amount is enough for us. (Using 'meghdār' - amount)

Another alternative is using the verb 'کفایت کردن' (kefāyat kardan), which means 'to suffice'. This is more formal. Instead of saying 'این پول به اندازه کافی است', you could say 'این پول کفایت می‌کند' (This money suffices). This is often used in legal or official contexts.

"آیا این صندلی‌ها تعدادشان کافی است؟"

— Translation: Is the number of these chairs sufficient?
وافی و کافی (Vāfi o Kāfi)
This is an idiomatic, rhythmic expression meaning 'complete and sufficient'. It is very formal and often used in writing to emphasize that something has been done thoroughly. Example: 'توضیحات او وافی و کافی بود' (His explanations were complete and sufficient).

Lastly, in very informal slang, people might use 'اوکی' (OK) or 'ردیفه' (it's set/arranged) to imply that something is enough or handled, but these do not carry the specific meaning of 'sufficiency' as accurately as 'به اندازه کافی'. For a B1 learner, sticking to 'به اندازه کافی' ensures you are understood by everyone while sounding natural and grammatically sound.

"او به حد کافی از خود پشتکار نشان داد."

— Translation: He showed enough perseverance. (Using 'hadd' - limit/extent)

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"تسهیلات بانکی به اندازه کافی برای متقاضیان فراهم نشده است."

ニュートラル

"من به اندازه کافی وقت دارم که به تو کمک کنم."

カジュアル

"به اندازه کافی خوردم، دیگه میل ندارم."

Child friendly

"آیا به اندازه کافی اسباب‌بازی داری؟"

スラング

"دیگه به اندازه کافی ازش کشیدم، کات کردم."

豆知識

The word 'اندازه' (andāze) is the root of the English word 'engineer' via the Arabic 'muhandis' (one who measures/works with geometry).

発音ガイド

UK /be ændɒːzeje kɒːfiː/
US /be ændɑːzeje kɑːfiː/
The primary stress is on the last syllable of 'kāfi', with a secondary stress on the first syllable of 'andāze'.
韻が合う語
بافی (bāfi - weaving) صافی (sāfi - purity) تلافی (talāfi - retaliation) اضافی (ezāfi - extra) خافی (khāfi - hidden) قوافی (ghavāfi - rhymes) شافی (shāfi - healing) نافی (nāfi - denying)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'andāze' as 'andāz' (dropping the final 'e').
  • Omitting the 'ye' Ezafe sound between 'andāze' and 'kāfi'.
  • Pronouncing 'kāfi' like 'café'.
  • Stressing the 'be' preposition too heavily.
  • Merging the words into one unintelligible sound.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text once the 'Ezafe' is understood.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling of 'اندازه' and 'کافی' and correct placement.

スピーキング 4/5

The 'ye' sound must be pronounced clearly to sound natural.

リスニング 3/5

Commonly heard, though speed of speech can blur the words together.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

به (to) اندازه (size) کافی (sufficient) پول (money) وقت (time)

次に学ぶ

بیشتر (more) کمتر (less) خیلی (very) کفایت کردن (to suffice) اندازه گرفتن (to measure)

上級

وافی (complete) در حد (at the level of) بسیار (abundant) کفاف دادن (to be enough/suffice) مستوفی (ample)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe Construction

اندازه + ی + کافی (andāze-ye kāfi)

Adverb Placement

Placement before the adjective: به اندازه کافی بزرگ

Verb Negation

Negating the verb instead of the adverb: وقت ندارم

Prepositional Phrases

Usage of 'به' to start the adverbial phrase.

Compound Verbs

Using the phrase with verbs like 'تلاش کردن' (to try).

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レベル別の例文

1

من به اندازه کافی آب نوشیدم.

I drank enough water.

Direct object placement.

2

آیا به اندازه کافی نان داری؟

Do you have enough bread?

Simple question structure.

3

او به اندازه کافی سیب خورد.

He ate enough apples.

Past tense usage.

4

ما به اندازه کافی پول داریم.

We have enough money.

Possessive construction.

5

شما به اندازه کافی شیر خریدید.

You bought enough milk.

Formal 'you' plural.

6

آن‌ها به اندازه کافی کتاب دارند.

They have enough books.

Plural subject.

7

من امروز به اندازه کافی خوابیدم.

I slept enough today.

Adverbial use with time.

8

این چای به اندازه کافی قند دارد.

This tea has enough sugar.

Subject-predicate relationship.

1

این اتاق به اندازه کافی بزرگ است.

This room is big enough.

Modifying an adjective.

2

من به اندازه کافی وقت برای ناهار ندارم.

I don't have enough time for lunch.

Negative verb 'nadāram'.

3

هوا به اندازه کافی برای پیاده‌روی خوب است.

The weather is good enough for a walk.

Complex adjective phrase.

4

او به اندازه کافی سریع نمی‌دود.

He does not run fast enough.

Modifying an adverb 'sarie'.

5

آیا این کفش به اندازه کافی راحت است؟

Is this shoe comfortable enough?

Interrogative with adjective.

6

ما به اندازه کافی صندلی برای مهمان‌ها نداریم.

We don't have enough chairs for the guests.

Plural noun modification.

7

این فیلم به اندازه کافی جالب نبود.

This movie was not interesting enough.

Past tense negative.

8

او به اندازه کافی با من مهربان است.

She is kind enough to me.

Prepositional phrase interaction.

1

من به اندازه کافی در مورد این موضوع تحقیق کرده‌ام.

I have researched this subject sufficiently.

Present perfect tense.

2

او به اندازه کافی اعتماد به نفس دارد که سخنرانی کند.

He has enough self-confidence to give a speech.

Compound noun 'etemād be nafs'.

3

آیا ما به اندازه کافی مدرک برای اثبات این ادعا داریم؟

Do we have enough evidence to prove this claim?

Abstract noun modification.

4

این پروژه به اندازه کافی بودجه ندارد.

This project does not have enough budget.

Financial context.

5

شما به اندازه کافی به جزئیات توجه نمی‌کنید.

You do not pay enough attention to details.

Compound verb 'tavajoh kardan'.

6

او به اندازه کافی تجربه دارد که این کار را مدیریت کند.

She has enough experience to manage this job.

Infinitive clause 'ke...'.

7

ما باید به اندازه کافی برای تغییرات آماده باشیم.

We must be sufficiently prepared for the changes.

Modal verb 'bāyad'.

8

این دارو به اندازه کافی قوی نیست.

This medicine is not strong enough.

Medical context.

1

دولت به اندازه کافی برای حل مشکل مسکن تلاش نکرده است.

The government has not made enough effort to solve the housing problem.

Political/Social context.

2

او به اندازه کافی بالغ شده است که مسئولیت کارهایش را بپذیرد.

He has matured enough to accept responsibility for his actions.

Developmental context.

3

آیا تکنولوژی به اندازه کافی پیشرفت کرده است که این مشکل را حل کند؟

Has technology advanced enough to solve this problem?

Scientific inquiry.

4

من به اندازه کافی صبر کردم، اما او نیامد.

I waited long enough, but he didn't come.

Contrastive conjunction 'ammā'.

5

توضیحات شما به اندازه کافی قانع‌کننده نبود.

Your explanations were not convincing enough.

Complex adjective 'ghāne-konande'.

6

ما به اندازه کافی منابع طبیعی برای نسل‌های آینده نداریم.

We don't have enough natural resources for future generations.

Environmental context.

7

او به اندازه کافی در این زمینه مهارت کسب کرده است.

He has acquired enough skill in this field.

Skill acquisition.

8

این توافق‌نامه به اندازه کافی شفاف نیست.

This agreement is not transparent enough.

Legal/Formal register.

1

نویسنده به اندازه کافی به ابعاد روانشناختی شخصیت‌ها نپرداخته است.

The author has not sufficiently addressed the psychological dimensions of the characters.

Literary criticism.

2

این نظریه به اندازه کافی توسط شواهد تجربی پشتیبانی نمی‌شود.

This theory is not sufficiently supported by empirical evidence.

Academic passive-like structure.

3

او به اندازه کافی از ابزارهای بلاغی برای تاثیرگذاری بر مخاطب استفاده کرد.

He used enough rhetorical tools to influence the audience.

Rhetorical context.

4

زیرساخت‌های شهری به اندازه کافی برای مقابله با بحران مستحکم نیستند.

Urban infrastructures are not sufficiently robust to deal with the crisis.

Technical/Engineering context.

5

به نظر می‌رسد که او به اندازه کافی در مورد پیامدهای عمل خود نیندیشیده است.

It seems that he has not sufficiently thought about the consequences of his action.

Reflective/Philosophical tone.

6

این سیستم به اندازه کافی در برابر حملات سایبری ایمن نیست.

This system is not sufficiently secure against cyber attacks.

Cybersecurity context.

7

تخصیص بودجه به اندازه کافی عادلانه صورت نگرفته است.

The budget allocation has not been carried out sufficiently fairly.

Economic/Social justice.

8

او به اندازه کافی بر زبان‌های باستانی تسلط دارد.

He has sufficient mastery over ancient languages.

Academic mastery.

1

در این غزل، شاعر به اندازه کافی از نمادهای عرفانی بهره جسته است.

In this ghazal, the poet has sufficiently utilized mystical symbols.

High literary analysis.

2

آیا به اندازه کافی بر پیچیدگی‌های ژئوپلیتیک منطقه اشراف دارید؟

Do you have sufficient oversight/knowledge of the region's geopolitical complexities?

Strategic/Expert register.

3

بیانات وی به اندازه کافی روشنگر زوایای پنهان این پرونده بود.

His statements were sufficiently enlightening regarding the hidden aspects of this case.

Formal investigative tone.

4

او به اندازه کافی در بوته آزمایش قرار گرفته است تا شایستگی‌اش ثابت شود.

He has been put in the crucible of testing enough to prove his merit.

Idiomatic/Metaphorical.

5

این رویکرد به اندازه کافی منعطف نیست که بتواند با نوسانات بازار سازگار شود.

This approach is not flexible enough to adapt to market fluctuations.

Economic theory.

6

هنرمند به اندازه کافی در بازنمایی واقعیت‌های اجتماعی جسارت به خرج داده است.

The artist has shown enough courage in representing social realities.

Artistic critique.

7

به اندازه کافی در باب ضرورت اصلاحات ساختاری سخن گفته شده است؛ اکنون زمان عمل است.

Enough has been said about the necessity of structural reforms; now is the time for action.

Rhetorical transition.

8

او به اندازه کافی از موهبت‌های طبیعی و اکتسابی برخوردار است.

He possesses sufficient natural and acquired gifts.

Philosophical description.

よく使う組み合わせ

به اندازه کافی وقت داشتن
به اندازه کافی پول داشتن
به اندازه کافی خوابیدن
به اندازه کافی بزرگ بودن
به اندازه کافی تلاش کردن
به اندازه کافی اطلاعات داشتن
به اندازه کافی گرم بودن
به اندازه کافی جا داشتن
به اندازه کافی پخته شدن
به اندازه کافی قوی بودن

よく使うフレーズ

به اندازه کافی خوب

— Good enough. Used to express satisfaction with quality.

این کار به اندازه کافی خوب است.

به اندازه کافی دور

— Far enough. Used in directions or spatial descriptions.

او به اندازه کافی دور شده است.

به اندازه کافی نزدیک

— Close enough. Used when something is nearly correct.

این رنگ به اندازه کافی نزدیک است.

به اندازه کافی سریع

— Fast enough. Used in sports or efficiency contexts.

او به اندازه کافی سریع نیست.

به اندازه کافی هوشمندانه

— Clever enough. Used to describe a strategy or person.

نقشه به اندازه کافی هوشمندانه بود.

به اندازه کافی روشن

— Bright/Clear enough. Used for lighting or explanations.

اتاق به اندازه کافی روشن است.

به اندازه کافی شجاع

— Brave enough. Used to describe character.

او به اندازه کافی شجاع بود.

به اندازه کافی صبور

— Patient enough. Used in personal relationships.

باید به اندازه کافی صبور باشی.

به اندازه کافی ماهر

— Skilled enough. Used in professional evaluations.

او به اندازه کافی ماهر نیست.

به اندازه کافی پیر

— Old enough. Used for age limits/maturity.

او به اندازه کافی پیر شده است.

よく混同される語

به اندازه کافی vs خیلی

Means 'very' or 'a lot'. Something can be 'خیلی' but not 'enough'.

به اندازه کافی vs کافه

Means 'café'. Sounds similar but unrelated.

به اندازه کافی vs اندازه

Means 'size'. Alone it doesn't mean 'enough'.

慣用句と表現

"به اندازه کافی کشیدن"

— To have suffered enough. Used when someone is exhausted by a situation.

من از دست او به اندازه کافی کشیده‌ام.

Informal
"به اندازه کافی شنیدن"

— To have heard enough (usually lies or excuses).

به اندازه کافی دروغ شنیده‌ام!

Neutral
"به اندازه کافی دیدن"

— To have seen enough (to form a definitive opinion).

من به اندازه کافی دیده‌ام که بدانم او مقصر است.

Neutral
"به اندازه کافی خوردن"

— To be full/satiated. Also used metaphorically for being 'fed up'.

ممنون، به اندازه کافی خوردم.

Neutral
"به اندازه کافی بودن"

— To be sufficient. Often used to end a discussion.

این حرف‌ها به اندازه کافی بود.

Formal
"اندازه خود را دانستن"

— To know one's limits (related to 'andāze').

او به اندازه کافی اندازه خود را می‌شناسد.

Informal
"بسه دیگه!"

— That's enough already! (Shortened slang version).

بسه دیگه، تمومش کن!

Slang
"کافی و وافی"

— Completely sufficient. Used to praise a thorough job.

گزارش شما کافی و وافی بود.

Formal
"به اندازه کافی فهمیدن"

— To understand sufficiently (often used sarcastically).

به اندازه کافی فهمیدم که چه خبر است.

Informal
"به اندازه کافی جا افتادن"

— To be well-established or 'cooked' (like a stew).

قورمه‌سبزی به اندازه کافی جا افتاده است.

Informal

間違えやすい

به اندازه کافی vs بسیار

Both relate to quantity.

'بسیار' means 'many/much', while 'به اندازه کافی' means 'sufficiently'.

او بسیار کتاب دارد (He has many books) vs او به اندازه کافی کتاب دارد (He has enough books).

به اندازه کافی vs کافی

It's the core of the phrase.

'کافی' is an adjective, 'به اندازه کافی' is an adverbial phrase.

این کافی است (This is enough).

به اندازه کافی vs کفایت

Noun form of sufficient.

'کفایت' is the noun 'sufficiency'.

این پول کفایت می‌کند.

به اندازه کافی vs اندازه

Core of the phrase.

'اندازه' means 'size' or 'measure'.

اندازه این پیراهن چیست؟

به اندازه کافی vs زیاد

Both describe quantity.

'زیاد' means 'too much' or 'a lot'.

این نمک زیاد است.

文型パターン

A1

[Subject] + [Noun] + به اندازه کافی + [Verb]

من نان به اندازه کافی دارم.

A2

[Subject] + به اندازه کافی + [Adjective] + [Verb]

هوا به اندازه کافی گرم است.

B1

[Subject] + به اندازه کافی + [Compound Verb]

او به اندازه کافی تلاش کرد.

B1

آیا + [Subject] + به اندازه کافی + [Noun] + [Verb]؟

آیا شما به اندازه کافی وقت دارید؟

B2

[Subject] + به اندازه کافی + [Adjective] + نیست

این اتاق به اندازه کافی تمیز نیست.

C1

[Abstract Noun] + به اندازه کافی + [Passive Verb]

موضوع به اندازه کافی بررسی نشد.

C2

به اندازه کافی + [Infinitive] + [Main Verb]

به اندازه کافی صبر کردن دشوار است.

C2

[Subject] + به اندازه کافی + [Rhetorical Device]

او به اندازه کافی از استعاره استفاده کرد.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

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使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily Persian.

よくある間違い
  • من کافی وقت دارم. → من به اندازه کافی وقت دارم.

    You cannot use 'kāfi' as a direct modifier before a noun without 'be andāze-ye'.

  • این اتاق اندازه کافی بزرگ است. → این اتاق به اندازه کافی بزرگ است.

    The preposition 'be' is required for the adverbial phrase to be grammatically correct.

  • او به اندازه کافی تلاش نه کرد. → او به اندازه کافی تلاش نکرد.

    The negation 'na' should be attached to the verb prefix, not placed as a separate word before the verb.

  • آیا به اندازِ کافی پول داری؟ → آیا به اندازه‌ی کافی پول داری؟

    The Ezafe (-ye) is mandatory between 'andāze' and 'kāfi'.

  • من بس نان خوردم. → من به اندازه کافی نان خوردم.

    'Bas' is usually an exclamation or used in specific literary structures, not as a standard quantifier for nouns.

ヒント

Watch the Word Order

Always place 'به اندازه کافی' before the adjective or noun it modifies for the most standard sentence structure.

The Ezafe Bridge

Don't forget the 'ye' sound in 'andāze-ye kāfi'. Practice saying it as one fluid movement of the tongue.

Beyond Quantity

Remember you can use this for abstract things like 'patience' (صبر) and 'courage' (شجاعت), not just bread and water.

Polite Declining

Use this phrase at dinner parties to politely say you are full. It's much better than just saying 'no'.

Spelling Check

Make sure to write 'اندازه' with an 'Alif' at the beginning and 'He' at the end.

Speed Matters

In fast speech, 'be' might sound like a short 'b'. Train your ear to catch the 'andāze' part.

Moderation

Use this phrase to discuss the Iranian value of moderation in lifestyle and consumption.

Don't Overuse

While useful, don't use it in every sentence. Sometimes 'خیلی' or 'کمی' is more appropriate.

Compare and Contrast

Practice comparing things: 'این کتاب به اندازه کافی خوب نیست، اما آن یکی عالی است'.

The Size of Coffee

Use the mnemonic 'The size (andāze) of the coffee (kāfi) is enough' to remember the components.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Andāze' as 'And-Daisy' (measuring a daisy) and 'Kāfi' as 'Coffee'. You need to measure the daisy to see if you have 'enough coffee'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a scale where the weights are perfectly balanced. On one side is the word 'Need' and on the other is 'به اندازه کافی'.

Word Web

Sufficient Enough Adequate Measure Size Quantity Satisfaction Limit

チャレンジ

Try to use the phrase three times today: once for something you have enough of, once for something you don't have enough of, and once in a question.

語源

The phrase is a combination of the Persian preposition 'به' (be), the Middle Persian 'andāzag' (measure), and the Arabic 'kāfī' (sufficient).

元の意味： To the measure that is enough.

Indo-European (Persian) mixed with Semitic (Arabic) loanword.

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but ensure you use the full phrase 'به اندازه کافی' rather than just 'کافی' to sound more polite and less blunt.

In English, 'enough' can be used as an adjective or adverb. In Persian, 'به اندازه کافی' is strictly adverbial in its compound form.

Used in various Iranian proverbs about moderation. Commonly found in the lyrics of modern Iranian pop songs discussing love and patience. A standard phrase in Iranian school textbooks regarding health and science.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Cooking

  • نمک به اندازه کافی
  • آب به اندازه کافی
  • حرارت به اندازه کافی
  • زمان به اندازه کافی

Shopping

  • پول به اندازه کافی
  • تخفیف به اندازه کافی
  • جنس به اندازه کافی
  • سایز به اندازه کافی

Travel

  • بنزین به اندازه کافی
  • جا به اندازه کافی
  • نقشه به اندازه کافی
  • غذا به اندازه کافی

Work

  • وقت به اندازه کافی
  • بودجه به اندازه کافی
  • نیرو به اندازه کافی
  • دقت به اندازه کافی

Health

  • خواب به اندازه کافی
  • ورزش به اندازه کافی
  • ویتامین به اندازه کافی
  • استراحت به اندازه کافی

会話のきっかけ

"آیا فکر می‌کنی امروز به اندازه کافی کار کرده‌ای؟"

"آیا در شهر شما به اندازه کافی پارک وجود دارد؟"

"برای یادگیری زبان فارسی، به اندازه کافی وقت می‌گذاری؟"

"آیا این قهوه به اندازه کافی برای تو شیرین است؟"

"به نظر تو، ما به اندازه کافی به محیط زیست اهمیت می‌دهیم؟"

日記のテーマ

در مورد زمانی بنویس که به اندازه کافی برای یک امتحان درس نخوانده بودی.

آیا فکر می‌کنی در زندگی‌ات به اندازه کافی آزادی داری؟ چرا؟

سه چیزی را نام ببر که در حال حاضر به اندازه کافی از آن‌ها داری.

چگونه می‌توانیم به اندازه کافی در کارهایمان تمرکز کنیم؟

آیا به اندازه کافی با خانواده‌ات وقت می‌گذرانی؟

よくある質問

10 問

You can use 'کافی' as a predicate, like 'این کافی است' (This is enough). However, as an adverb modifying a verb or adjective, 'به اندازه کافی' is much more natural.

It is the 'Ezafe' vowel that connects the noun 'andāze' to its modifying adjective 'kāfi'. In Persian, when a word ends in 'e' (ه), the Ezafe is pronounced as 'ye'.

In Persian, you negate the verb. Instead of saying 'not enough time', you say 'I don't have time sufficiently' (به اندازه کافی وقت ندارم).

It's not 'better', just more formal. Use 'به اندازه کافی' for daily life and 'به قدر کافی' for writing or formal speeches.

Yes, to describe qualities. 'او به اندازه کافی مهربان است' (He is kind enough).

The most direct opposite is 'ناکافی' (insufficient) or 'کم' (little/not enough).

Yes, though poets often use 'بس' or 'قدر' to fit the meter of the poem.

No, the phrase itself is static and does not change based on the number of the subject or object.

No, the word order is fixed as 'به اندازه کافی'.

It's okay as an exclamation, but 'به اندازه کافی' shows a better command of grammar and nuance at the B1 level.

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自分をテスト 190 問

writing

Write 'I have enough bread' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'This room is not big enough' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'We don't have enough time for research' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'He has matured enough to accept his mistakes' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The budget allocation was not sufficiently fair' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'Do you have enough water?' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The tea is hot enough.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'I have studied enough for today.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'There aren't enough resources for the future.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The theory is supported by enough evidence.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'They have enough books.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The movie was not interesting enough.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'She has enough experience for this job.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The explanation was not convincing enough.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The urban infrastructure is robust enough.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'I slept enough.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'Is the shoe comfortable enough?' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'We don't have enough information.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The weather is not warm enough for swimming.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The system is not secure enough against attacks.' in Persian.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'I have enough money' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The tea is not hot enough' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'I don't have enough time to talk' in Persian.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Explain why you didn't finish the project using 'به اندازه کافی'.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Discuss the sufficiency of urban planning using 'به اندازه کافی'.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Ask 'Do you have enough bread?'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'This room is big enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'I have studied enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'He is not brave enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The data is not sufficiently reliable.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'I ate enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The weather is good enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'We have enough information.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The budget is sufficient.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The infrastructure is robust enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'Enough milk.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'Not fast enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'Enough self-confidence.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'Not transparent enough.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'Sufficient mastery.'

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the audio: 'به اندازه کافی نان داریم.' How much bread do we have?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the audio: 'پول به اندازه کافی ندارم.' Can the speaker buy it?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the audio: 'وقت به اندازه کافی برای استراحت نیست.' Is there time to rest?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the audio: 'تلاش او به اندازه کافی بود.' Was his effort sufficient?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen to the audio: 'مدارک به اندازه کافی قانع‌کننده نبود.' Was the judge convinced?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'آب به اندازه کافی.' What is enough?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'اتاق به اندازه کافی بزرگ است.' Is it small?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'به اندازه کافی درس خواندم.' What did they do?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'بودجه به اندازه کافی نیست.' What is missing?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'سیستم به اندازه کافی ایمن نیست.' Is it safe?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'سیب به اندازه کافی.' What fruit?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'هوا به اندازه کافی گرم نیست.' Is it hot?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'صبر به اندازه کافی.' What quality?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'توضیحات به اندازه کافی شفاف است.' Is it clear?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:
listening

Listen: 'تحقیقات به اندازه کافی جامع بود.' Was it broad?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
正解！ おしい！ 正解:

/ 190 correct

Perfect score!

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