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B1 phrase 13分で読める

برابر با

Equal to; having the same value as.

barābar bā
At the A1 beginner level, learners are introduced to the phrase 'برابر با' (barābar bā) primarily in the context of numbers, basic arithmetic, and simple, concrete comparisons. At this stage, the focus is on rote memorization and understanding the fundamental concept of equality. A1 learners will encounter this phrase when learning how to say simple equations, such as 'one plus one equals two'. The vocabulary at this level is highly restricted to everyday, tangible items. Therefore, a learner might use 'barābar bā' to compare the price of two basic items, like stating that the cost of an apple is equal to the cost of an orange. The grammatical structure taught is the most basic form: Subject + barābar bā + Object + ast (is). Teachers will emphasize that 'barābar' must always be followed by 'bā' when making these comparisons. The goal is not philosophical depth, but practical utility. Learners practice repeating these simple structures to build muscle memory and phonetic familiarity with the phrase. They are also taught the negative form by simply changing 'ast' to 'nist' (is not), allowing them to express basic inequality, such as 'five is not equal to ten'. Visual aids, like scales or equal signs, are heavily used to reinforce the meaning. At this foundational stage, 'barābar bā' serves as a crucial building block for numerical literacy and basic consumer interactions in a Persian-speaking environment.
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As learners progress to the A2 elementary level, the application of 'برابر با' (barābar bā) expands from simple numbers to more descriptive and everyday contexts. While arithmetic remains a relevant use case, A2 students begin to use the phrase to compare physical attributes and quantities in their daily lives. For example, they might use it to say that the length of one room is equal to another, or that the weight of their luggage is equal to the allowed limit at the airport. The vocabulary surrounding the phrase becomes richer, incorporating adjectives related to size, weight, distance, and time. Learners are encouraged to construct slightly more complex sentences, perhaps linking two clauses with simple conjunctions. They also begin to practice using the phrase in different tenses, mainly the simple past (bud - was) and simple future (khāhad bud - will be). This allows them to narrate past events, such as 'The score was equal yesterday', or make simple predictions. The concept of using 'barābar' as a multiplier (e.g., do-barābar - twice as much) is also introduced at this level, though teachers must carefully distinguish it from the comparative phrase 'barābar bā'. By the end of A2, learners should feel comfortable using the phrase to navigate basic travel, shopping, and descriptive scenarios, demonstrating a clear understanding of its syntactic requirements and everyday utility.
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At the B1 intermediate level, 'برابر با' (barābar bā) transitions from a strictly physical or numerical descriptor to a tool for expressing abstract ideas and opinions. Learners at this stage are expected to discuss topics like work, school, leisure, and general cultural phenomena. Consequently, they begin to use the phrase to equate concepts such as effort, value, and importance. For instance, a B1 learner might express that 'time is equal to money' or that 'my experience is equal to his'. This requires a deeper understanding of Persian vocabulary and the ability to construct sentences with abstract nouns. The grammar becomes more fluid, and learners are expected to use the phrase within subordinate clauses, such as 'I think that X is equal to Y'. They also learn to recognize and understand synonyms like 'mosāvi' (equal) and 'yeksān' (identical), and begin to differentiate between them in context. Listening comprehension exercises at this level will often include news clips or dialogues where 'barābar bā' is used in discussions about sports statistics, market prices, or basic social issues. The focus is on achieving conversational fluency and the ability to articulate comparative thoughts without hesitation. The phrase becomes a natural part of their active vocabulary, allowing them to participate in more nuanced discussions and express their viewpoints with greater precision and confidence.
Reaching the B2 upper-intermediate level signifies a significant leap in linguistic capability, and the use of 'برابر با' (barābar bā) reflects this sophistication. At this stage, learners are engaging with complex texts, news reports, and detailed discussions on a wide range of topics, including politics, economics, and science. The phrase is now used effortlessly in formal and professional contexts. A B2 learner can confidently discuss exchange rates, statistical equivalencies, and legal rights. They might formulate arguments stating that 'the rights of citizens must be equal to one another under the law'. The syntactic usage becomes highly varied; learners use the phrase in conditional sentences (If X is equal to Y, then...), passive constructions, and complex academic sentences. They are fully aware of the stylistic differences between 'barābar', 'mosāvi', and 'ham-arz', choosing the appropriate word based on the register and specific domain of the conversation. Writing tasks at this level, such as essays or reports, will frequently require the accurate use of this phrase to present data, compare arguments, or draw conclusions. The learner's ability to use 'barābar bā' to convey subtle nuances of equivalence, rather than just basic equality, marks their transition into advanced proficiency. They can also recognize and use idiomatic expressions or cultural references that rely on the concept of equality.
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At the C1 advanced level, the mastery of 'برابر با' (barābar bā) is characterized by intuitive, near-native usage across all domains of the language. C1 learners engage with highly specialized, complex, and lengthy texts, such as academic papers, legal documents, and literary works. In these contexts, the phrase is often embedded in intricate grammatical structures and used to express highly abstract or philosophical concepts of equivalence. A learner at this level can effortlessly debate the nuances of social equality, economic parity, or scientific formulas, using 'barābar bā' alongside a sophisticated vocabulary of related terms. They are adept at recognizing implied equality even when the phrase is used metaphorically. Furthermore, C1 learners have a deep understanding of the etymology and cultural weight of the word 'barābar', allowing them to appreciate its use in classical poetry and historical texts. They can manipulate the phrase for rhetorical effect in public speaking or persuasive writing. The distinction between 'barābar bā' and its highly formal alternatives, such as 'ham-arz', is completely internalized, and they can switch registers flawlessly. Errors in preposition usage or verb placement are virtually non-existent. The phrase is no longer a grammatical hurdle but a powerful, flexible tool for articulating complex, nuanced thought in professional, academic, and social environments.
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The C2 mastery level represents near-native or bilingual proficiency, where the understanding and application of 'برابر با' (barābar bā) are absolute and effortless. At this pinnacle of language learning, the phrase is utilized with the same subconscious ease as a native speaker. C2 learners can dissect and produce highly technical, legal, and literary texts where the precise definition of equivalence is paramount. They understand the legal ramifications of using 'barābar bā' versus 'yeksān' in a contract, and they can appreciate the poetic symmetry when the word is used in classical Persian literature, drawing on its literal meaning of 'chest to chest'. They can play with the language, perhaps intentionally breaking rules for stylistic or rhetorical effect, though they know exactly what the rules are. They can engage in the deepest philosophical debates about the nature of equality, using the phrase to construct complex, multi-layered arguments. At this level, the focus is not on learning the phrase, but on leveraging it as a fundamental element of sophisticated discourse. They can understand regional dialects or historical variations in its usage. Ultimately, for a C2 learner, 'barābar bā' is a fully integrated component of their linguistic identity in Persian, allowing them to express the most profound and precise concepts of equivalence without a moment's hesitation.
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例文
The Persian phrase 'برابر با' (barābar bā) is a fundamental linguistic construct that translates directly to 'equal to' or 'equivalent to' in the English language. This phrase is utilized across a vast spectrum of contexts, ranging from basic arithmetic and mathematics to complex philosophical discussions about human rights, social justice, and qualitative comparisons. When you begin learning Persian, one of the earliest contexts in which you will encounter this phrase is in the realm of numbers and calculations. For instance, when stating that two plus two equals four, a Persian speaker will say 'do be-alāve-ye do barābar bā chahār ast'. The word 'barābar' on its own can mean 'equal', 'even', or 'level', but when paired with the preposition 'bā', which means 'with', it forms a comparative phrase that strictly demands an object of comparison. This structural requirement is crucial for learners to grasp early on. Furthermore, the concept of equality extends far beyond mere numbers. In daily conversation, you might use 'برابر با' to describe items of equal value, such as exchanging currency, comparing the weight of two objects, or discussing the equivalent price of goods in different markets.
Literal Meaning
The word 'barābar' literally translates to 'breast to breast' or 'chest to chest' (bar = chest), implying two things standing side by side in perfect alignment or equality.
The usage of this phrase is not limited to physical or numerical equality; it is deeply embedded in the cultural and legal discourse of the Persian-speaking world. For example, when discussing gender equality or equal rights under the law, the phrase 'barābar bā' is frequently employed to assert that one group's rights are identical in value and scope to another's.

حقوق زنان باید برابر با حقوق مردان باشد.

It is also incredibly common in scientific and academic settings. In physics or chemistry, when an equation is balanced, the left side is 'barābar bā' the right side. This mathematical precision carries over into everyday idioms and expressions. Understanding the nuances of 'برابر با' allows a learner to navigate both the simple transactions of a grocery store and the complex debates of a university classroom. The versatility of the phrase makes it an indispensable tool in your Persian vocabulary arsenal. You will hear it in news broadcasts discussing economic equivalencies, in sports commentary when two teams have tied scores, and in everyday negotiations.
Mathematical Use
In math, it replaces the equals sign (=). E.g., X is equal to Y translates to X barābar bā Y ast.

دو ضرب در سه برابر با شش است.

The historical evolution of the word shows its roots in physical measurement, where two weights on a scale would balance each other out, bringing the arms of the scale 'chest to chest' or perfectly horizontal. This imagery is a powerful way to remember the meaning. Whenever you use 'برابر با', imagine a perfectly balanced scale.

ارزش این خانه برابر با یک میلیون دلار است.

Figurative Use
It can be used to equate abstract concepts, such as stating that silence is equal to consent.

سکوت او برابر با رضایت بود.

قدرت این موتور برابر با صد اسب بخار است.

Mastering 'برابر با' is a significant step in achieving fluency, as it bridges the gap between basic descriptive language and advanced analytical communication. By understanding its literal origins, its mathematical applications, and its figurative extensions, you equip yourself with a phrase that is as poetic as it is precise.
Constructing sentences with 'برابر با' (barābar bā) requires a clear understanding of Persian syntax and sentence structure. In most cases, this phrase acts as an adjectival or prepositional phrase that links a subject to an object of comparison. The standard formula for a sentence using this phrase is: [Subject] + [برابر با] + [Object of Comparison] + [Verb, usually 'ast' or 'mībāshad']. This structure is incredibly consistent and reliable, making it relatively easy for English speakers to master once they grasp the basic word order. Let us explore the mechanics of this structure in detail. The subject of the sentence is the entity being evaluated or measured. The object of comparison is the benchmark or standard against which the subject is measured. The verb, placed at the very end of the sentence as is typical in Persian, confirms the state of equality.
Basic Syntax
Subject + barābar bā + Noun/Pronoun + Verb (ast/nist).

وزن این جعبه برابر با ده کیلوگرم است.

One of the most important grammatical rules to remember is that 'barābar' functions as the core adjective meaning 'equal', while 'bā' is the preposition meaning 'with'. Together, they form a unified concept. You cannot separate them with other words without altering the meaning or rendering the sentence grammatically incorrect. Furthermore, when using pronouns as the object of comparison, you must use the independent pronouns (man, to, u, mā, shomā, ānhā) rather than the enclitic pronouns. For example, to say 'He is equal to me' (in terms of rank or skill), you would say 'U barābar bā man ast', not 'U barābar-am ast'.

سرعت این ماشین برابر با سرعت هواپیما نیست.

In negative sentences, the structure remains exactly the same, but the final verb is negated. For instance, 'ast' (is) becomes 'nist' (is not). This makes it very straightforward to express inequality. Additionally, 'برابر با' can be used in different tenses. If you want to talk about the past, you simply change the final verb to 'bud' (was). If you are talking about the future, you use 'khāhad bud' (will be). The phrase 'barābar bā' itself never changes form; it is immutable regardless of tense, gender, or number.
Tense Variations
The phrase 'barābar bā' remains constant. Only the auxiliary verb at the end of the sentence changes to reflect past, present, or future tense.

سال آینده، درآمد شرکت برابر با هزینه‌ها خواهد بود.

Another interesting syntactic feature is the use of 'برابر با' in complex clauses. It can serve as the predicate in a subordinate clause introduced by 'ke' (that). For example, 'I know that X is equal to Y' translates to 'Man midānam ke X barābar bā Y ast'. This modularity makes it a highly flexible component of Persian grammar.

مساحت این زمین برابر با هزار متر مربع است.

Plural Subjects
Even if the subject is plural, 'barābar bā' does not change. The verb at the end will take the plural form if the subject is animate, but often remains singular for inanimate objects.

تلاش‌های ما برابر با هیچ بود.

By practicing these sentence structures, you will quickly develop an intuitive feel for where and how to place 'برابر با' in your Persian conversations, elevating your ability to make precise and articulate comparisons.
The phrase 'برابر با' (barābar bā) is ubiquitous in the Persian language, permeating various facets of daily life, professional environments, and academic settings. Recognizing where and how this phrase is naturally spoken will significantly enhance your listening comprehension and contextual understanding. One of the most common environments where you will hear 'برابر با' is in educational institutions, from primary schools teaching basic arithmetic to universities conducting advanced scientific research. In a math class, a teacher will constantly use this phrase when reading equations aloud. When a student is asked to solve a problem, their final answer will typically be framed using this exact phrase.
Academic Context
Used constantly in mathematics, physics, and chemistry to denote equality in equations, measurements, and formulas.

انرژی جنبشی برابر با نصف جرم ضربدر مجذور سرعت است.

Beyond the classroom, 'برابر با' is frequently heard in financial and commercial contexts. If you are watching Persian news channels, economic reporters will use it when discussing exchange rates, inflation, or market values. For instance, they might state that the value of the national currency is equal to a certain amount of foreign currency. In a more everyday setting, such as a bazaar or a modern shopping mall, you might hear store owners or customers using the phrase when comparing prices or negotiating deals.

قیمت این فرش برابر با حقوق یک سال من است.

Another prominent domain for this phrase is the legal and political arena. Debates about human rights, civil liberties, and constitutional law rely heavily on the concept of equality. Activists, lawyers, and politicians will use 'برابر با' to argue that all citizens should have rights equal to one another, or that a specific punishment is equal to the severity of a crime. This elevates the phrase from a simple mathematical tool to a powerful rhetorical device.
Legal and Social Discourse
Employed to discuss equality before the law, equal rights, and equivalent compensation or penalties.

در این کشور، حقوق اقلیت‌ها برابر با اکثریت است.

Sports commentary is yet another area where you will encounter this phrase. When two teams have the same score, a commentator might say their points are 'barābar bā' each other, although the word 'mosāvi' (tied/equal) is also very common in this specific context. However, when comparing statistics, such as a player's speed or a team's historical wins, 'برابر با' is the preferred terminology.

تعداد گل‌های او برابر با رکورد جهانی است.

Everyday Comparisons
Used to compare abstract concepts like effort, time, or emotional value in daily life.

زحمت او در این پروژه برابر با کار ده نفر بود.

By tuning your ear to these various contexts—academic, financial, legal, and conversational—you will quickly realize how indispensable 'برابر با' is to fluent Persian communication. It is a phrase that anchors comparisons and establishes clarity across all levels of society.
When learning the phrase 'برابر با' (barābar bā), English speakers frequently encounter a few specific pitfalls due to direct translation habits and structural differences between English and Persian. Understanding these common mistakes is crucial for achieving natural and accurate fluency. The most prevalent error is the omission of the preposition 'با' (bā). Because the English translation is 'equal to', learners sometimes assume that the word 'barābar' alone is sufficient to convey the meaning, or they mistakenly try to use the Persian preposition 'be' (to). Saying 'in barābar ān ast' instead of 'in barābar bā ān ast' sounds incorrect and incomplete to a native speaker. The word 'barābar' needs 'bā' to link it to the object of comparison.
Preposition Error
Never translate 'equal TO' as 'barābar BE'. The correct Persian phrasing requires 'WITH', hence 'barābar BĀ'.

اشتباه: این برابر به آن است. / درست: این برابر با آن است.

Another frequent mistake involves confusing 'برابر با' with other comparative words, such as 'mesl-e' (like) or 'hamānd-e' (similar to). While things that are equal are indeed similar, 'barābar bā' implies a strict, exact equivalence in quantity, value, or status. You would not say 'My shirt is barābar bā your shirt' if they merely look the same; you would use 'mesl-e'. You would only use 'barābar bā' if you were comparing their exact price, size, or weight.

قد او برابر با قد برادرش است.

Learners also sometimes struggle with the placement of the verb. In English, the verb often comes before the comparison ('is equal to'). In Persian, the verb must be placed at the very end of the sentence. A learner might incorrectly say 'In ast barābar bā ān' instead of the correct 'In barābar bā ān ast'. Maintaining the Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) structure is essential.
Word Order
Ensure the auxiliary verb (ast, nist, bud) is pushed to the absolute end of the clause containing the 'barābar bā' comparison.

نتیجه این آزمایش برابر با صفر شد.

A more subtle mistake is the confusion between 'barābar' as an adjective/phrase and 'barābar' as a suffix meaning 'times' or 'fold' (e.g., do-barābar = double/two times). When someone wants to say 'A is twice as big as B', they should say 'A do-barābar-e B ast', not 'A do barābar bā B ast'. The preposition 'bā' is dropped when 'barābar' is used as a multiplier suffix attached to a number.

اشتباه: حقوق او دو برابر با من است. / درست: حقوق او دو برابر من است.

Pronoun Usage
Avoid attaching possessive endings to 'barābar'. Use independent pronouns after 'bā'.

امتیاز شما برابر با ما است.

By being mindful of the required preposition, the strict meaning of equivalence, the sentence structure, and the difference between equality and multiplication, you can avoid these common traps and use 'برابر با' with native-like accuracy.
While 'برابر با' (barābar bā) is the standard and most versatile phrase for expressing equality in Persian, the language boasts a rich vocabulary of synonyms and related terms that can add nuance, formality, or specific contextual meaning to your speech. Expanding your vocabulary to include these alternatives will significantly improve your reading comprehension and expressive capabilities. The most direct synonym is 'مساوی با' (mosāvi bā). Derived from Arabic, 'mosāvi' means equal or tied. In many contexts, especially in mathematics or when talking about sports scores, 'mosāvi bā' and 'barābar bā' are perfectly interchangeable. However, 'mosāvi' often carries a slightly more formal or technical tone, whereas 'barābar' feels slightly more native and organic to Persian roots.
Mosāvi Bā (مساوی با)
The most common alternative, heavily used in math, sports, and formal contexts. It means exactly the same as 'barābar bā'.

دو تیم در پایان بازی مساوی شدند.

Another highly useful alternative is 'یکسان' (yeksān), which translates to 'identical' or 'uniform'. While 'barābar' focuses on equal value or quantity, 'yeksān' emphasizes that two things are exactly the same in nature, appearance, or condition. For example, if two employees receive the exact same treatment, you would say their treatment is 'yeksān'. You would use 'yeksān bā' or simply 'yeksān' with the preposition 'bā' depending on the sentence structure.

شرایط برای همه شرکت‌کنندگان یکسان است.

For scientific or highly formal academic writing, the term 'هم‌ارز' (ham-arz) is often employed. This word translates to 'equivalent' and is primarily used in physics, chemistry, and advanced mathematics to denote things that have the same value or effect but may not be identical in form. It is a compound word made of 'ham' (same) and 'arz' (value/worth). Knowing 'ham-arz' is crucial if you are studying technical subjects in Persian.
Ham-arz (هم‌ارز)
A highly formal and technical term meaning 'equivalent', used mostly in scientific literature.

این دو معادله از نظر ریاضی هم‌ارز هستند.

If you are looking for an antonym, the most straightforward way to express inequality is simply to negate the verb at the end of the sentence (e.g., 'barābar bā... nist'). However, to explicitly state that things are unequal or different, you can use words like 'متفاوت از' (motafāvet az - different from) or 'نابرابر' (nā-barābar - unequal). The prefix 'nā-' acts like 'un-' or 'in-' in English, directly reversing the meaning of 'barābar'.

توزیع ثروت در این کشور به شدت نابرابر است.

Moshābeh (مشابه)
Means 'similar'. Use this when things are alike but not strictly equal in value or quantity.

این دو پرونده بسیار مشابه یکدیگر هستند.

By understanding the subtle differences between 'barābar', 'mosāvi', 'yeksān', 'ham-arz', and their antonyms, you can select the perfect word for any situation, demonstrating a high level of proficiency and cultural awareness in your Persian communication.
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レベル別の例文

1

دو به علاوه دو برابر با چهار است.

Two plus two is equal to four.

Basic math structure. Subject + barābar bā + Object + ast.

2

قیمت این کتاب برابر با ده دلار است.

The price of this book is equal to ten dollars.

Using 'barābar bā' for simple pricing.

3

پنج برابر با سه نیست.

Five is not equal to three.

Negative form using 'nist'.

4

سن من برابر با سن تو است.

My age is equal to your age.

Comparing basic personal attributes.

5

یک متر برابر با صد سانتی‌متر است.

One meter is equal to one hundred centimeters.

Basic measurements.

6

وزن این سیب برابر با آن سیب است.

The weight of this apple is equal to that apple.

Comparing physical weight.

7

آیا ده برابر با ده است؟

Is ten equal to ten?

Forming a simple question with 'āyā'.

8

این ماشین برابر با آن ماشین است.

This car is equal to that car (in value/size).

Simple demonstrative pronouns.

1

دیروز، امتیاز ما برابر با آنها بود.

Yesterday, our score was equal to theirs.

Past tense using 'bud'.

2

حقوق من برابر با حقوق برادرم نیست.

My salary is not equal to my brother's salary.

Comparing abstract quantities like salary.

3

فاصله اینجا تا تهران برابر با صد کیلومتر است.

The distance from here to Tehran is equal to one hundred kilometers.

Using for geographical distance.

4

قدرت این کامپیوتر برابر با کامپیوتر جدید است.

The power of this computer is equal to the new computer.

Comparing capabilities.

5

فردا، تعداد مهمان‌ها برابر با پنجاه نفر خواهد بود.

Tomorrow, the number of guests will be equal to fifty people.

Future tense using 'khāhad bud'.

6

ارزش این انگشتر برابر با یک ماشین است.

The value of this ring is equal to a car.

Comparing dissimilar items based on value.

7

زمان امتحان برابر با دو ساعت است.

The exam time is equal to two hours.

Expressing time duration.

8

مساحت این اتاق برابر با مساحت آشپزخانه است.

The area of this room is equal to the area of the kitchen.

Mathematical area comparison.

1

تلاش او در این پروژه برابر با تلاش تمام تیم بود.

His effort in this project was equal to the effort of the whole team.

Comparing abstract concepts like effort.

2

در قانون، حقوق زن و مرد باید برابر با یکدیگر باشد.

In law, the rights of men and women must be equal to each other.

Using 'bāyad bāshad' (must be) for obligations.

3

ارزش پول ملی ما دیگر برابر با دلار نیست.

The value of our national currency is no longer equal to the dollar.

Using 'digar... nist' (no longer).

4

من معتقدم که آزادی برابر با زندگی است.

I believe that freedom is equal to life.

Philosophical statement in a subordinate clause.

5

سرعت این اینترنت برابر با سرعتی است که قول داده بودند.

The speed of this internet is equal to the speed they had promised.

Connecting with a relative clause (ke).

6

هزینه تعمیر ماشین برابر با خرید یک ماشین جدید شد.

The cost of repairing the car became equal to buying a new car.

Using 'shod' (became) to show a change in state.

7

کیفیت این محصول برابر با محصولات خارجی است.

The quality of this product is equal to foreign products.

Comparing qualitative attributes.

8

اگر ایکس برابر با ایگرگ باشد، پس معادله حل می‌شود.

If X is equal to Y, then the equation is solved.

Conditional sentence using 'agar' and subjunctive 'bāshad'.

1

میزان تورم امسال دقیقا برابر با پیش‌بینی کارشناسان اقتصادی بود.

This year's inflation rate was exactly equal to the economic experts' predictions.

Using adverbs like 'daqiqan' (exactly) to modify the phrase.

2

مجازات تعیین شده برای این جرم، به هیچ وجه برابر با شدت آن نیست.

The punishment determined for thi

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関連コンテンツ

numbersの関連語

اعشار

B1

「اعشار」は小数点を持つ数、つまり全体の分数部分を表す数を意味します。

اعشاری

B1

<strong>アシ​​ャリー</strong>（Aashari）はペルシャ語の形容詞で「小数の」を意味し、小数点の付く数値に関連します。数値、分数、測定値、または小数を含む計算を修飾するために使用されます。例えば、「小数の数」は「یک عدد اعشاری」と言います。

عددنویسی

B1

記数法とは、数を記号で表す方法のことです。ペルシア語の記数法は、右から左へ書く文字とは逆に、左から右へ書きます。

عددی

B1

数値の、数字に関する (e.g., 数値データを入力してください。)

عدم دقت

B1

計算の不正確さが失敗の原因でした。

عرضی

B1

幅方向の、または横断的なことを示す形容詞です。物体の幅に沿って伸びたり、幅方向に配置されたりするものを指します。例えば、布を幅方向に切ることは「عرضی」なカットと呼ばれます。

اضافه

B1

追加、余分、過剰。ペルシャ語の文法では、語を繋ぐ「エザーフェ」。

افزایش یافتن

B1

増加する、上がる（自動詞）。例：価格が上がった（قیمت‌ها افزایش یافت）。人口が増加している（جمعیت افزایش می‌یابد）。

افزایشی

B1

Increasing, incremental, growing.

آمار

B1

Statistics, census, data.

役に立った？

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