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B1 verb 10分で読める

دکمه زدن

dokmeh zadan

練習する例文メモとヒント دکمه زدن 30秒で

解説 دکمه زدن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'dokme' means 'button' and 'zadan' is the action of using it. Think of it as a simple command or a basic statement about what you are doing. You might say 'Man dokme mizanam' (I button). It's important to recognize the word 'dokme' when someone tells you to fix your clothes. At this stage, don't worry too much about complex grammar; just focus on the connection between the object (button) and the action (fastening). You will mostly hear this from parents or teachers helping you with your coat. It is one of the basic 'getting ready' verbs like 'pushidan' (to wear).

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At A2, you start using 'dokme zadan' in simple past and present continuous sentences. You can now say 'Dokme-hāyam rā zadam' (I buttoned my buttons) or 'Dāram dokme mizanam' (I am buttoning). You understand that 'rā' is used when you talk about specific buttons. You also learn the negative form: 'Dokme nazadam' (I didn't button). This level is about building your daily routine vocabulary. You might describe your morning: 'I wake up, wash my face, put on my shirt, and button my buttons.' You are also able to ask someone for help: 'Mishavad dokme-ye man rā bezani?' (Can you button my [button]?).

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At the B1 level (Intermediate), you should be comfortable using 'dokme zadan' in various social contexts. You understand the difference between 'dokme zadan' (fastening) and 'dokme dukhtan' (sewing). You can use it in compound sentences, like 'Before the meeting starts, I must button my coat.' You also begin to see the passive voice: 'In dokme bayad zade shavad' (This button must be fastened). You understand nuances in formality—knowing that 'zadan' is common in speech while 'bastan' might be used in more formal writing. You can also handle the plural 'dokme-hā' and possessive endings like 'dokme-hayat' (your buttons) easily.

At B2, you use 'dokme zadan' fluently and can discuss more complex clothing-related topics. You might talk about fashion trends, the quality of tailoring, or give detailed instructions to a tailor. You understand the subjunctive mood: 'Kāsh dokme-hāyam rā mi-zadam' (I wish I had buttoned my buttons). You can also use the verb in more abstract or descriptive ways in storytelling. You are aware of the cultural significance of 'zāher' (appearance) and how 'dokme zadan' plays into being 'morattab' (tidy). You can also distinguish between 'dokme zadan' and other fasteners like 'ghazan' or 'zip' without hesitation.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the verb's nuances. You might use it in literary analysis or high-level fashion discussions. You can discuss the etymology of 'dokme' and how 'zadan' functions as a light verb in Persian linguistics. You are comfortable with archaic or highly formal alternatives and can use the verb in complex grammatical structures like conditional perfect or various passive forms. You might notice the use of the verb in modern Persian poetry or prose to symbolize preparation, constraint, or social conformity. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker's in both speed and context.

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of 'dokme zadan'. You can explain the subtle sociolinguistic reasons why a speaker might choose 'zadan' over 'bastan' in a specific dialect or social class. You can use the verb in creative writing, utilizing its rhythmic qualities. You might even use it in puns or wordplay involving the many meanings of 'zadan'. You understand the historical shift of the word and its interaction with other languages (like French 'bouton' influences in modern Iran). You can engage in professional-level tailoring or fashion design conversations using the most technical applications of the verb and its derivatives.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

دکمه زدن 30秒で

The basic Persian verb for buttoning up clothes.
A compound verb consisting of 'dokme' and 'zadan'.
Used in everyday life, fashion, and tailoring contexts.
Synonymous with 'dokme bastan' but more common in speech.

The Persian compound verb دکمه زدن (dokme zadan) is a fundamental action-oriented phrase used daily by millions of Persian speakers. At its core, it translates to 'to button' or 'to fasten buttons' on a garment. Understanding this verb requires a look at its components: دکمه (dokme), meaning 'button', and زدن (zadan), a versatile light verb that literally means 'to hit' or 'to strike' but functions here as a functional auxiliary. This linguistic structure is typical of Persian compound verbs where a noun or adjective is paired with a common verb to create a specific action.

Literal Meaning: To strike a button; functionally meaning to engage the button into its hole.
Contextual Usage: Primarily used when dressing oneself, helping children dress, or describing the state of one's attire in formal and informal settings.

In Iranian culture, where presentation and 'zāher' (appearance) are highly valued, the act of buttoning up correctly is often associated with being neat, professional, and respectful. Whether you are preparing for a business meeting in Tehran or helping a toddler put on their cardigan in Isfahan, دکمه زدن is the verb you will reach for.

قبل از رفتن به مصاحبه، حتماً تمام دکمه‌هایت را بزن تا مرتب به نظر برسی.

This sentence illustrates the social expectation of being 'buttoned up'—a concept that transcends language. Historically, the word 'dokme' entered Persian via Turkic influences, but it has been fully integrated into the Persian lexicon for centuries. The use of 'zadan' as the auxiliary verb is particularly interesting because it suggests a decisive, rhythmic action. Unlike 'bastan' (to tie/close), which is also used in دکمه بستن, 'zadan' feels more active and everyday. Beyond clothing, the verb can occasionally be found in metaphorical contexts, though it remains 95% literal. For instance, in technical or older contexts, it might refer to fastening other mechanical toggles, though modern Persian prefers specific technical terms for those. In the fashion industry of Iran, from the high-end boutiques of Northern Tehran to the traditional tailors in the Grand Bazaar, this verb is the standard for describing the closure of shirts, coats, and trousers.

Register: Neutral to Informal. It is appropriate for all spoken situations and most written ones, though 'bastan' might appear in very formal literature.

When teaching children, parents often repeat the phrase 'dokme-hāto bezan' (button your buttons) as a mantra of independence. This makes it one of the first compound verbs an Iranian child masters.

پسرم یاد گرفته است که خودش دکمه بزند.

This developmental milestone is celebrated in many households. Furthermore, the verb's structure allows for easy conjugation in all tenses, making it a perfect example for learners to practice the 'zadan' conjugation patterns (mizanam, zad-am, khāham zad). In summary, 'dokme zadan' is more than just a mechanical description; it is a vital part of the Persian linguistic fabric that covers everything from personal grooming to social etiquette.

Using دکمه زدن correctly involves understanding how Persian verbs interact with objects and prefixes. As a compound verb, the noun part 'dokme' (or its plural 'dokme-hā') usually takes the direct object marker را (rā) if you are referring to specific buttons, or it remains bare in a general sense.

Transitive Nature: The verb is transitive, meaning it requires an object (the buttons or the garment being buttoned).

Let's look at the present continuous: 'Dāram dokme-hāyam rā mizanam' (I am buttoning my buttons). Here, the 'rā' clarifies which buttons are being fastened.

او همیشه دکمه‌های کتش را قبل از نشستن باز می‌کند و بعد از بلند شدن می‌زند.

This example shows the verb in a habitual context, common in etiquette descriptions. Note how the verb 'zadan' is conjugated while 'dokme' remains the stable head of the compound. In the past tense, you might say, 'Dokme-ye pirāhanam rā zadam' (I buttoned my shirt button). If the button is missing or broken, the verb changes to reflect that impossibility, but the base remains central to the conversation. For learners, the imperative form is very useful: 'Dokme-hāto bezan!' (Button your [buttons]!). This uses the informal 'to' ending. In a more formal setting, you would say 'Dokme-hāyatān rā bezanid'.

Common Tenses: Past: دکمه زدم (I buttoned); Present: دکمه می‌زنم (I button); Future: دکمه خواهم زد (I will button).

Another nuance is the use of 'dokme' as a singular collective or a specific plural. In 'Dokme-ye pirāhanat rā bezan', you are likely referring to one specific button (perhaps the top one). In 'Dokme-hāyat rā bezan', you mean all of them.

هوا سرد است، لطفاً دکمه‌های پالتویت را بزن.

This sentence is a classic B1-level construction. It combines a reason (the cold) with a polite command. Furthermore, when describing someone else's state, you might use the past participle as an adjective: 'dokme-zade' (buttoned), though this is less common than 'dokme-baste'. The flexibility of the verb 'zadan' allows for various shades of meaning when paired with different nouns, but with 'dokme', it is almost exclusively about the physical fastening.

Sentence Structure: [Subject] + [Garment/Button] + [rā] + [Conjugated Zadan].

Understanding this pattern allows you to talk about anything from a 'mānto' (overcoat) to 'shilvār' (trousers). In the context of tailoring, you might hear: 'In dokme khub zade nemishavad' (This button doesn't fasten well), utilizing the passive voice 'zade shodan'. This level of detail ensures that whether you are the one dressing or the one being dressed (metaphorically or literally), the verb 'dokme zadan' serves as your primary tool for communication.

The auditory landscape of Iran is filled with دکمه زدن in various environments. The most frequent place is within the domestic sphere. Mornings in an Iranian household often involve parents rushing children to school, where phrases like 'Zud bāsh, dokme-hāto bezan!' (Hurry up, button your buttons!) are common.

مادر به کودکش گفت: «بیا اینجا تا دکمه‌هایت را بزنم.»

This domestic usage is warm and instructional. Another prime location is the 'khayyāti' (tailor shop). In Iran, custom-made clothing is still quite popular. When fitting a new 'pirāhan' (shirt) or 'kot-o-shalvār' (suit), the tailor will constantly use this verb to check the fit. 'Inja rā dokme bezanid' (Button this part) or 'Dokme-ash sakht zade mishavad' (Its button is hard to fasten) are phrases you will hear amidst the snip of scissors and the hum of sewing machines. In the world of Iranian cinema and television, especially in period dramas (like 'Shahrzad'), the act of buttoning a garment is often used as a cinematic device to show a character preparing for a significant event or reflecting in a mirror. The sound of a button being 'struck' (zadan) is a subtle but powerful auditory cue of readiness.

Social Etiquette Context: In formal Iranian ceremonies, you might hear a friend whisper to another, 'Dokme-ye bālāyi-ro bezan' (Fasten the top button) to help them look more 'majlesi' (appropriate for the gathering).

You will also encounter this verb in modern retail settings. In clothing stores in malls like 'Iran Mall' or 'Palladium', sales assistants will use it when helping customers in the fitting rooms. 'In mānto bayad dokme-ash zade shavad ta khosh-form be-istad' (This manto needs to be buttoned to sit nicely).

فروشنده پیشنهاد کرد: «اگر دکمه وسط را بزنید، کمر لباس تنگ‌تر نشان داده می‌شود.»

This shows the verb's relevance in fashion advice. Even in literature, though 'bastan' is more literary, 'zadan' appears in modern prose to ground the narrative in realism. It captures the tactile reality of everyday life. Whether it's the click of a plastic button or the struggle with a tight wooden one, دکمه زدن is the linguistic anchor for these moments. Finally, in military or school settings where uniforms are mandatory, the verb takes on a tone of discipline. A teacher or officer might command, 'Tamām-e dokme-hā bāyad zade shavand' (All buttons must be fastened). This variety of contexts—from the loving help of a mother to the strict requirements of a uniform—demonstrates the verb's essential role in the Persian-speaking world.

For English speakers learning Persian, the verb دکمه زدن presents several pitfalls, primarily due to the nature of compound verbs and the literal translation of 'to button'. One of the most frequent errors is using the wrong auxiliary verb. Since English uses 'to button' as a single verb, learners often try to create a single Persian verb or use 'kardan' (to do/make) incorrectly.

The 'Kardan' Trap: Mistake: 'Dokme kardan'. While 'kardan' is the most common auxiliary, it is not used with 'dokme' to mean fasten. It sounds like you are 'making' a button.

Another common mistake involves the direct object marker را (rā). Learners often forget that when you are buttoning a specific shirt, the shirt is the object, but often in Persian, we say 'button the buttons of the shirt'.

Incorrect: من پیراهن را دکمه زدم. (I buttoned the shirt - technically okay but less natural). Correct: من دکمه‌های پیراهنم را زدم.

Confusion also arises between دکمه زدن (to button) and دکمه دوختن (to sew a button). Because both involve 'buttons', learners might use 'zadan' when they mean they are sewing a button onto a garment. Word order in compound verbs is another hurdle. In negative or continuous forms, the prefixes 'na-' or 'mi-' must be attached to 'zadan', not 'dokme'. Learners often say 'mi-dokme zanam', which is incorrect. It must be 'dokme mi-zanam'.

Preposition Errors: In English, we 'button UP'. Learners often try to find a Persian word for 'up' (like 'bālā'). In Persian, 'dokme zadan' already implies the full action. Adding 'bālā' sounds confusing.

Passive voice constructions also trip up B1 learners. To say 'the button is fastened', one must use 'dokme zade shode ast'. Using 'dokme zade ast' would mean 'it has buttoned [something]', which makes no sense.

اشتباه متداول: او دکمه را بستن کرد. (He button-closing did). This is a 'double auxiliary' error often seen in beginners.

Finally, there's the confusion with 'bastan'. While 'dokme bastan' is correct and synonymous, learners often mix the two into 'dokme bastan zadan', which is redundant. Stick to one. 'Zadan' is more common in speech, 'bastan' more in writing. By avoiding these 'kardan' traps, keeping the prefixes on the auxiliary, and distinguishing between sewing and fastening, a learner can master the usage of دکمه زدن and sound much more like a native speaker.

To truly master دکمه زدن, one must understand its place in the wider vocabulary of fastening and clothing. Persian offers several alternatives depending on the mechanism and the register. The most direct synonym is دکمه بستن (dokme bastan). While 'zadan' emphasizes the act of putting the button through the hole, 'bastan' emphasizes the resulting state of being closed or tied.

دکمه بستن (Dokme Bastan): More formal. Often used in written instructions or formal descriptions. Example: 'لطفاً دکمه‌های خود را ببندید.'
زیپ کشیدن (Zip Keshidan): To pull a zipper. This is the equivalent action for modern garments without buttons. Example: 'زیپ کاپشنت را بکش.'

If you are dealing with a different kind of fastener, like a hook-and-eye, you might use قزن زدن (ghazan zadan). For snaps or press-studs, Iranians often use 'dokme-feshar-i' (pressure button) with the same verb 'zadan'.

برای لباس‌های مجلسی معمولاً از قزن زدن به جای دکمه استفاده می‌شود.

This shows the technical variety. On the opposite side, 'to unbutton' is دکمه باز کردن (dokme bāz kardan). Here, 'zadan' is replaced by 'bāz kardan', which is the universal Persian auxiliary for 'opening' or 'undoing'. In a metaphorical sense, if you want to say someone is 'tight-lipped' or 'buttoned-up' about a secret, Persian doesn't usually use 'dokme'. Instead, it uses 'dahān bastan' (to close the mouth). However, for a 'buttoned-up' person (formal/stiff), you might describe them as 'atigh-o-poghigh' (stiff and formal) or simply 'moshakhass' (proper).

Comparison: Zadan vs. Bastan: Zadan: Focus on the physical 'click' or action. Bastan: Focus on the 'closure'.

For those interested in the craft of clothing, جا دکمه زدن (jā dokme zadan) refers to making the buttonholes themselves. This is a crucial distinction for anyone visiting a tailor.

خیاط هنوز جا دکمه نزده است، پس نمی‌توان لباس را پرو کرد.

Understanding these synonyms and related terms allows the learner to navigate the world of Persian fashion and daily life with precision. Whether you are zipping, buttoning, or hooking, knowing the specific verb makes your Persian sound authentic and nuanced.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient times, buttons were more for decoration than fastening, which was done with ties. The verb 'zadan' (to strike) might reflect the sound or decisive action of older, heavier fasteners.

発音ガイド

UK /dok.me zæ.dæn/

US /dʊk.meɪ zæ.dæn/

The primary stress is on the first syllable of 'zadan' (ZÆ-dan) in the infinitive, but in conjugated forms like 'mizanam', the stress shifts to the 'mi-' prefix.

韻が合う語

zadan shodan āmadan shodan bordan khordan mordan kardan

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'dokme' as 'do-ko-me' (adding an extra vowel).
Over-stressing the last 'n' in zadan.
Mispronouncing the 'z' as 'zh' (like pleasure).
Making the 'o' in dokme too long like 'door'.
Failing to pronounce the 'h' if pluralized as 'dokme-hā'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in text due to common noun 'dokme'.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of 'zadan' conjugation.

スピーキング 3/5

Compound verb word order can be tricky for beginners.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation and distinct syllables.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

دکمه زدن لباس پیراهن دست

次に学ぶ

زیپ کشیدن بستن پوشیدن خیاطی پارچه

上級

قزن سردست آستر یقه سجاف

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs

دکمه (Noun) + زدن (Light Verb) = To button.

Object Marker 'Rā'

دکمه‌هایم **را** زدم.

Present Continuous

**دارم** دکمه می‌زنم.

Imperative Mood

دکمه **بزن** (Prefix be-).

Negative Prefix

دکمه **ن**می‌زنم.

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レベル別の例文

من دکمه می‌زنم.

I am buttoning.

Simple present tense.

دکمه را بزن.

Button the button.

Imperative (informal).

او دکمه نمی‌زند.

He/she does not button.

Negative present.

دکمه کجاست؟

Where is the button?

Basic question.

مامان دکمه زد.

Mom buttoned [it].

Simple past.

این یک دکمه است.

This is a button.

Demonstrative.

دکمه‌های من سفید است.

My buttons are white.

Plural noun with adjective.

لطفاً دکمه بزن.

Please button.

Polite imperative.

من دارم دکمه‌های پیراهنم را می‌زنم.

I am buttoning my shirt buttons.

Present continuous.

دیروز دکمه کتم را زدم.

Yesterday I buttoned my coat button.

Simple past with time adverb.

آیا می‌توانی دکمه مرا بزنی؟

Can you button mine?

Modal verb 'tavānestan'.

او همیشه دکمه‌هایش را اشتباه می‌زند.

He always buttons his [buttons] incorrectly.

Adverb 'hamishe'.

ما باید دکمه‌هایمان را بزنیم.

We must button our [buttons].

Obligation with 'bāyad'.

چرا دکمه‌هایت را نمی‌زنی؟

Why don't you button your [buttons]?

Interrogative negative.

بچه‌ها یاد گرفتند دکمه بزنند.

The children learned to button.

Compound verb as infinitive.

دکمه‌های این لباس خیلی ریز است.

The buttons of this dress are very tiny.

Noun phrase as subject.

قبل از اینکه بیرون بروی، دکمه‌های پالتویت را بزن.

Before you go out, button your overcoat.

Subjunctive in dependent clause.

او با عجله دکمه‌هایش را زد و رفت.

He buttoned up in a hurry and left.

Adverbial phrase 'bā ajale'.

اگر دکمه‌هایت را نزنی، سرما می‌خوری.

If you don't button up, you'll catch a cold.

Conditional Type 1.

من ترجیح می‌دهم دکمه‌های لباسم را خودم بزنم.

I prefer to button my clothes myself.

Reflexive 'khodam'.

این دکمه خیلی سفت است و راحت زده نمی‌شود.

This button is very tight and isn't easily fastened.

Passive voice.

او همیشه دکمه سردست‌هایش را با دقت می‌زند.

He always fastens his cufflinks carefully.

Specific noun 'dokme sardast'.

می‌خواهم یاد بگیرم چطور سریع‌تر دکمه بزنم.

I want to learn how to button faster.

Comparative 'sari-tar'.

وقتی وارد اتاق شد، داشت دکمه‌هایش را می‌زد.

When he entered the room, he was buttoning [his buttons].

Past continuous.

در مراسم رسمی، زدن دکمه اول کت الزامی است.

In formal ceremonies, fastening the first button of the suit is mandatory.

Gerund usage of 'zadan'.

او با وسواس عجیبی تمام دکمه‌هایش را یکی‌یکی زد.

With a strange obsession, he buttoned all his buttons one by one.

Descriptive adverbs.

خیاط گفت که این پارچه برای دکمه زدن بیش از حد ضخیم است.

The tailor said this fabric is too thick for buttoning.

Reported speech.

اگر دکمه‌هایت را درست نزنی، کل لباس بدفرم می‌ایستد.

If you don't button correctly, the whole outfit will sit poorly.

Complex conditional.

او در حالی که دکمه‌هایش را می‌زد، به آینده فکر می‌کرد.

While he was buttoning up, he was thinking about the future.

Simultaneous actions.

به نظر می‌رسد دکمه‌های این پیراهن برعکس زده شده‌اند.

It seems the buttons of this shirt have been fastened backwards.

Passive perfect tense.

آیا ممکن است دکمه‌های پشت لباس مرا بزنید؟

Is it possible for you to fasten the buttons on the back of my dress?

Polite request with 'āyā momken ast'.

او بدون اینکه دکمه‌هایش را بزند، به سمت در دوید.

Without buttoning his buttons, he ran towards the door.

Prepositional phrase 'bedun-e inke'.

ظرافت در دکمه زدن نشان‌دهنده دقت و شخصیت فرد است.

Subtlety in buttoning indicates a person's precision and character.

Abstract noun phrase.

او چنان با مهارت دکمه می‌زد که گویی در حال نواختن پیانو است.

He buttoned with such skill as if he were playing the piano.

Simile with 'guyi'.

پیش از آنکه پاسخی بدهد، با تامل شروع به دکمه زدن کرد.

Before giving an answer, he began to button up contemplatively.

Temporal clause.

در آن دوران، دکمه زدن آداب و رسوم خاص خود را داشت.

In that era, buttoning had its own specific etiquette.

Historical context.

او از اینکه دیگران برایش دکمه بزنند، به شدت بیزار بود.

He intensely loathed others buttoning for him.

Causative structure with 'barāyesh'.

هر دکمه‌ای که می‌زد، گویی باری از دوشش برداشته می‌شد.

With every button he fastened, it was as if a burden was lifted from his shoulders.

Relative clause with 'har'.

پیچیدگی طراحی لباس، دکمه زدن را به امری دشوار بدل کرده بود.

The complexity of the dress design had turned buttoning into a difficult task.

Formal verb 'badal kardan'.

او با خونسردی تمام، دکمه‌های آستینش را زد و آماده نبرد شد.

With total composure, he buttoned his sleeves and prepared for battle.

Adverbial phrase 'bā khunsardi'.

در متون کلاسیک، استعاره دکمه زدن پیوندی ناگسستنی با مفهوم خویشتن‌داری دارد.

In classical texts, the metaphor of buttoning is inextricably linked to the concept of self-restraint.

Academic vocabulary.

فرایند مکانیکی دکمه زدن در این رمان، نمادی از حصارهای اجتماعی است.

The mechanical process of buttoning in this novel is a symbol of social barriers.

Symbolic analysis.

وی با دقتی وسواس‌گونه به بررسی نحوه دکمه زدن زیردستانش می‌پرداخت.

He would examine the way his subordinates buttoned up with obsessive precision.

Complex descriptive structure.

گاه دکمه زدن نه یک ضرورت، بلکه کنشی آیینی در پوشش سنتی محسوب می‌شود.

Sometimes buttoning is considered not a necessity, but a ritualistic act in traditional attire.

Contrastive 'na... balke'.

تحول زبانی از «بستن» به «زدن» در این ترکیب، گویای تغییر در نگرش توده است.

The linguistic evolution from 'bastan' to 'zadan' in this compound reflects a change in the masses' attitude.

Linguistic commentary.

او در سکوتی مرگبار، آخرین دکمه جلیقه‌اش را زد و از صحنه خارج شد.

In a deadly silence, he fastened the last button of his vest and exited the stage.

Dramatic narrative style.

تبحر او در دکمه زدنِ سریع، یادآور مهارت جراحان در بخیه زدن بود.

His proficiency in rapid buttoning was reminiscent of surgeons' skill in suturing.

Comparative 'yād-āvar'.

پدیده «دکمه زدن» در جوامع مدرن، از یک عمل کارکردی به یک بیانیه مد بدل گشته است.

The phenomenon of 'buttoning' in modern societies has turned from a functional act into a fashion statement.

Sociological phrasing.

よく使う組み合わせ

دکمه پیراهن زدن

دکمه کت زدن

دکمه سردست زدن

دکمه شلوار زدن

دکمه پالتو زدن

دکمه جلیقه زدن

دکمه فشاری زدن

دکمه اول را زدن

دکمه آخر را زدن

دکمه قابلمه‌ای زدن

よく使うフレーズ

دکمه‌هاتو بزن

— A common command to children to button up.

زود باش دکمه‌هاتو بزن بریم.

دکمه کتشو زد

— Describes someone getting ready or being formal.

او بلند شد و دکمه کتشو زد.

دکمه‌اش زده نمیشه

— The button is too tight or broken.

این لباس تنگ شده، دکمه‌اش زده نمیشه.

تا آخر دکمه زدن

— To button all the way to the top.

همیشه تا آخر دکمه می‌زند.

دکمه اشتباه زدن

— To button into the wrong hole.

حواسش نبود و دکمه‌ها را اشتباه زد.

دکمه زدن و رفتن

— To quickly get ready and leave.

فقط دکمه‌هاشو زد و دوید بیرون.

دکمه یقه را زدن

— To button the collar.

دکمه یقه را برای کراوات زد.

دکمه آستین زدن

— To button the sleeves.

دکمه آستینش را بست.

دکمه زدن لباس بچه

— To button a child's clothes.

دکمه زدن لباس بچه سخت است.

دکمه‌هایش را یکی در میان زدن

— To button every other button (messy).

از عجله، دکمه‌هایش را یکی در میان زد.

よく混同される語

دکمه زدن vs دکمه دوختن

This means to SEW a button, not to fasten it.

دکمه زدن vs دکمه خریدن

This means to BUY a button.

دکمه زدن vs غذا زدن

Sounds slightly similar in rapid speech but means to eat.

慣用句と表現

"دکمه کسی را زدن"

— In very rare slang, to 'finish' someone or shut them up, though not common.

بالاخره دکمه‌اش را زدند.

Slang

"دکمه‌ات را بزن"

— Metaphorically: 'Get it together' or 'Be quiet' in specific contexts.

بسه دیگه، دکمه‌ات را بزن.

Informal

"دکمه لق"

— Referring to a loose button, often used to describe someone unreliable.

او مثل یک دکمه لق است.

Metaphorical

"مثل دکمه و جادکمه"

— Two things that fit perfectly together.

این دو نفر مثل دکمه و جادکمه هستند.

Informal

"دکمه اضافی"

— Someone who is useless or extra.

او در این تیم مثل دکمه اضافی است.

Informal

"جادکمه را گشاد کردن"

— To make a situation worse or loose.

با این حرف جادکمه را گشاد کردی.

Metaphorical

"دکمه‌اش افتاده"

— He's lost his mind or is acting weird.

فکر کنم دکمه‌اش افتاده!

Slang

"دکمه سردست زدن"

— To show off or act posh.

همیشه دکمه سردست می‌زند و پز می‌دهد.

Informal

"دکمه بستن به دهان"

— To keep a secret (more literary).

به دهانش دکمه بسته است.

Literary

"دکمه پاره کردن"

— To be extremely angry or full (bursting).

از بس خورد دکمه پاره کرد.

Informal

間違えやすい

دکمه زدن vs بستن

Both mean to close.

'Bastan' is general, 'zadan' is specific to the act with 'dokme'.

در را بست، دکمه را زد.

دکمه زدن vs کشیدن

Used for zippers.

You 'pull' (keshid) a zipper but 'hit/strike' (zadan) a button.

زیپ را کشید.

دکمه زدن vs انداختن

Sometimes used for 'putting in' a button.

'Andākhtan' is more regional or specific to the hole.

دکمه را در جادکمه انداخت.

دکمه زدن vs زدن

Zadan has 100+ meanings.

Only means buttoning when paired with 'dokme'.

ساز زدن vs دکمه زدن.

دکمه زدن vs پوشیدن

Broad vs specific.

You wear the shirt, you button the button.

لباس پوشید و دکمه زد.

文型パターン

Man [Noun] mizanam.

Man dokme mizanam.

[Noun] rā bezan.

Dokme rā bezan.

Bāyad [Noun] rā bezani.

Bāyad dokme rā bezani.

Dāram [Noun] rā mizanam.

Dāram dokme-hāyam rā mizanam.

Bedun-e [Noun] zadan...

Bedun-e dokme zadan raft.

Dar hāl-e [Noun] zadan budan...

Dar hāl-e dokme zadan bud.

All

Dokme-ye [Garment] rā zadan.

Dokme-ye kot rā zadan.

All

Kasi barāye kasi dokme zadan.

Mādar barāye bache dokme zad.

語族

名詞

دکمه (button)

جادکمه (buttonhole)

دکمه‌چی (button-maker - archaic)

دکمه‌فروشی (button shop)

動詞

دکمه زدن (to button)

دکمه بستن (to fasten)

دکمه دوختن (to sew a button)

دکمه باز کردن (to unbutton)

形容詞

دکمه‌دار (having buttons)

بی‌دکمه (buttonless)

دکمه‌خور (button-fastened)

使い方

frequency

Very common in daily life and apparel contexts.

よくある間違い

Dokme kardan → Dokme zadan
'Kardan' is not the correct auxiliary for buttons.
Mi-dokme zanam → Dokme mi-zanam
The prefix must be on the verb part, not the noun.
Dokme dukhtan (to fasten) → Dokme zadan
Dukhtan means to sew with a needle.
Dokme rā bastan (informal speech) → Dokme rā zadan
While correct, 'bastan' sounds a bit stiff in casual talk.
Zadan dokme → Dokme zadan
Incorrect word order; noun comes before the verb.

ヒント

Prefix Placement

Always put 'mi-' or 'na-' on 'zadan'. Example: 'dokme mi-zanam'.

Button Types

Learn 'dokme-feshar-i' (snap) and 'dokme-reili' (slider) to expand your range.

Casual Flow

In fast speech, 'dokme' can sound like 'dok-meh' with a very short 'e'.

Neatness

Iranians value being 'morattab'. Fastening your buttons is part of that.

Context Clues

If you hear 'dokme' and 'zadan' together, it's always about fastening.

Direct Object

Don't forget the 'rā' if the button is specific.

Association

Associate 'zadan' with the 'click' sound of a button.

Helping

Use 'mishavad dokme-am rā bezani?' to ask for help politely.

Fashion

Use 'dokme-hāye kot' when talking about suits.

Daily Practice

Say the verb every morning while you get dressed.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine 'Hitting' (Zadan) a 'Doc' (Dokme) on the chest. You hit the doctor's button to call for help.

視覚的連想

Visualize the 'D' in Dokme as a round button and the 'Z' in Zadan as the zigzag motion of your hand fastening it.

Word Web

Shirt Coat Tailor Button Hole Fasten Dress Neat

チャレンジ

Try to say 'I am buttoning my shirt' five times fast: 'Dāram dokme-ye pirāhanam rā mizanam'.

語源

The word 'dokme' is likely of Turkic origin (düğme), which entered Persian through cultural and military contact. The verb 'zadan' is pure Indo-European Persian.

元の意味： A small object used for fastening or decoration.

Indo-European (Persian) + Turkic loanword.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that in very conservative areas, discussing undergarment buttons might be considered 'bi-adab' (rude).

In English, we say 'button up'. In Persian, we just 'button' (dokme zadan). The 'up' is implied.

Mentioned in modern Persian poetry to describe preparing for the world. Commonly used in Iranian 'Coming of Age' stories. Featured in tailor-shop scenes in Iranian cinema.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Getting ready in the morning

دکمه زدن پیراهن
آینه
عجله داشتن
مرتب کردن

At the tailor

جادکمه
اندازه
دکمه چوبی
دکمه فلزی

Cold weather

پالتو
سرما
تا بالا دکمه زدن
گرم شدن

Formal party

کت و شلوار
دکمه سردست
کراوات
شیک بودن

Helping a child

یاد گرفتن
خودت بزن
کمک کردن
آفرین

会話のきっかけ

"آیا خودت دکمه‌هایت را می‌زنی؟"

"چرا دکمه پالتویت را نزده‌ای؟"

"به نظر تو دکمه‌های فلزی بهترند یا پلاستیکی؟"

"چقدر طول می‌کشد تا دکمه‌هایت را بزنی؟"

"آیا تا به حال دکمه لباست در رفته است؟"

日記のテーマ

امروز صبح هنگام دکمه زدن به چه چیزی فکر می‌کردی؟

توصیف کن که چگونه به یک کودک یاد می‌دهی دکمه بزند.

اهمیت مرتب بودن و دکمه زدن در مصاحبه‌های کاری چیست؟

خاطره‌ای از زمانی که دکمه لباست در یک جای حساس افتاد بنویس.

تفاوت بین دکمه زدن و زیپ کشیدن از نظر راحتی چیست؟

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'dokme kardan' is incorrect. Use 'dokme zadan' or 'dokme bastan'.

It is neutral. For very formal writing, 'dokme bastan' is preferred, but 'zadan' is not wrong.

Use 'dokme bāz kardan'.

Say 'dokme-am rā zadam' (I buttoned my button).

Literally yes, but in compound verbs, the literal meaning is lost. It just means 'to do the action of'.

Just 'dokme zadan'. If you want to emphasize 'all the way', say 'tā bālā dokme zadan'.

No, for a remote or elevator button, use 'dokme feshār dādan' (to press).

Yes, 'dokme sardast zadan' is correct.

It is called 'jā-dokme'.

It's a loanword from Turkic but used for centuries in Persian.

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