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B1 noun #7,500 よく出る 11分で読める

جلای

Q: How do you say 'polish the shoes'?

You say: 'Kafsh-hā rā jala dādan' (کفشها را جلا دادن).

A smooth, glossy finish; luster, polish.

jalaye 上位7,500

At the A1 level, you don't need to worry too much about the complex uses of 'جلای' (jalā-ye). Just think of it as a fancy word for 'shiny' or 'polish.' Imagine you have a new toy or a clean window. If it looks very bright and clean, you can say it has 'jala.' At this level, you might see it in very simple sentences like 'The shoe is jala' (though this is grammatically simplified). You should focus on the fact that it's a positive word used for things that look good and clean. It’s like when you use a sticker that is very shiny; that shine is 'jala.' Don't worry about the 'y' at the end for now; just remember that 'jala' means a nice shine. You might hear it when someone is cleaning something and they want it to look beautiful. It's a 'happy' word for objects!

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'جلای' (jalā-ye) with simple verbs. The most important one is 'jala dādan,' which means 'to polish' or 'to make something shine.' For example, if you are helping at home, you might 'jala dādan' the table. You are moving beyond just saying something is 'shiny' (barāgh) and starting to describe the quality of the shine. You should also notice that 'jalā-ye' (with the 'y') is used when you want to say 'the shine OF something.' Like 'jalā-ye noghreh' (the shine of silver). This is a great way to practice your 'ezafe' (the little 'e' or 'ye' sound that connects words). Try to use it when talking about your favorite jewelry or a new car. It makes your Persian sound a little more grown-up than just using basic adjectives.

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At the B1 level, you should understand that 'جلای' (jalā-ye) is a noun representing luster, polish, or gloss. You are now expected to use it in both physical and metaphorical contexts. Physically, you can use it to describe the finish on furniture, the luster of metals, or the sheen of silk. Metaphorically, you can use it to describe someone's appearance or even their skills (e.g., 'polishing' one's speaking skills). You should be comfortable with the compound verb 'jala dādan' and understand the passive or resultative 'jala dāshtan' (to have luster). You should also begin to recognize it in more formal contexts, such as advertisements for cleaning products or descriptions of art. This word is a key part of moving from 'basic' Persian to 'intermediate' Persian because it allows for more descriptive and elegant sentences.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use 'جلای' (jalā-ye) with nuance and precision. You understand the difference between 'jala' (the luster itself), 'sayqal' (the smoothness/polish), and 'derakhshesh' (the brilliance). You can use 'jalā' in literary or formal discussions, perhaps talking about the 'jala' of a poet's style or the 'jala' of a historical era. You are also aware of the spiritual connotations of the word—how the heart or soul can be given 'jala' through good deeds or meditation. In writing, you can use it to create vivid imagery. You should also be familiar with related terms like 'jalā-san' (a device to measure luster) in technical contexts. Your usage should reflect an understanding that 'jala' often implies a process of refinement; it is a beauty that has been revealed through effort or care.

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At the C1 level, 'جلای' (jalā-ye) becomes a tool for sophisticated expression. You can use it to discuss aesthetics, philosophy, and classical literature with ease. You understand the etymological roots and how the word functions in complex 'Ta'arof' (Persian etiquette). For instance, you might use it in a formal speech to thank someone for 'giving luster' to an event. You can analyze poetry where 'jala' is used to describe the 'sayqal-e mohammadi' (the Prophetic polish) of the soul. You are also capable of using the word in professional settings, such as discussing the 'jala' of a brand's image or the 'jala' of a legal argument. Your sentences should be complex, perhaps using the word in the middle of long, subordinate clauses. You recognize the subtle differences in tone when 'jala' is used versus its more common synonyms and can choose the one that fits the register perfectly.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'جلای' (jalā-ye) is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You can use the word in its most abstract forms, perhaps in a dissertation on Persian art history or a philosophical critique of modernism. You are aware of rare compound words and archaic uses found in 10th-century texts. You can play with the word in puns or high-level wordplay. You understand how 'jala' interacts with other high-level concepts like 'tajalli' (manifestation) or 'zohur' (appearance). In your speech, the word flows naturally, whether you are describing the physical properties of a rare gemstone or the metaphysical properties of a Sufi's heart. You can also identify and correct the most subtle misuses of the word by others, and you have a deep appreciation for how this single word encapsulates centuries of Persian aesthetic and spiritual thought.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

جلای 30秒で

Jala refers to the physical luster or shine of a surface, often achieved through polishing.
It is commonly used as 'jala dādan' (to polish) or 'jala-ye' (the luster of...).
Metaphorically, it represents spiritual clarity, mental refinement, or the 'sparkle' in someone's eyes or speech.
It is a more formal and elegant word than 'barāghi' (shiny), suitable for B1 level and above.

The Persian word جلای (pronounced 'jalā-ye') is a nuanced noun that primarily translates to 'luster,' 'polish,' 'gloss,' or 'sheen.' At its core, it describes the physical property of a surface that reflects light in a smooth, aesthetically pleasing manner. However, in the rich tapestry of the Persian language, its utility extends far beyond the physical realm into the metaphysical and spiritual. When you encounter this word, you are often looking at something that has been refined, cleaned, or elevated to a state of brilliance. It is the difference between a dull stone and a sparkling diamond; the stone has found its jalā.

Physical Application: In everyday contexts, جلای is used when discussing craftsmanship. A carpenter might speak of the jalā of a finished mahogany table. An antique collector might lament the loss of jalā on an old silver coin. It implies a surface that is not just clean, but radiant. It is the result of 'sayqal' (polishing), a process that removes impurities to reveal the inherent beauty of the material.
Spiritual and Metaphorical Context: In Persian literature and Sufi mysticism, the word takes on a profound meaning. The human heart is often compared to a mirror. Sin, ego, and worldly attachments are seen as 'rust' (zang) that dims the heart's mirror. Spiritual practices, such as meditation or 'dhikr,' are the tools used to give جلای to the soul. Here, it represents clarity, enlightenment, and the ability to reflect divine light.
Artistic and Literary Use: Poets use this word to describe the brightness of the sun, the sparkle in a lover's eye, or the brilliance of a sharp sword. It conveys a sense of sharpness and vitality. When a sword has jalā, it is not just shiny; it is ready, potent, and impeccably maintained.

نور خورشید به اشیاء جلای خاصی می‌بخشد که در سایه دیده نمی‌شود.
— Translation: The sunlight gives a special luster to objects that is not seen in the shade.

Historically, the word is linked to the concept of making something manifest or clear. In the B1 CEFR level, learners should move beyond simple adjectives like 'shiny' (barāgh) and use جلای to describe the quality of that shine. It is more sophisticated and academic than its synonyms. Whether you are describing the finish on a new car or the clarity of a philosophical argument, this word adds a layer of refinement to your Persian vocabulary. It suggests effort was involved; luster is rarely accidental, it is achieved through work, care, and attention to detail.

او با سخنانش به روح من جلا داد.
— Translation: He gave polish (refreshment/clarity) to my soul with his words.

In modern Iranian society, you might hear this word in commercials for floor waxes, car detailing services, or even skincare products that promise a 'radiant' glow. It bridges the gap between the ancient poetic tradition and modern consumerist language, making it an essential tool for any intermediate learner aiming for fluency.

Using جلای correctly requires understanding its relationship with auxiliary verbs. In Persian, nouns often combine with 'dādan' (to give) or 'gereftan' (to take/receive) to form verbal expressions. To 'give luster' to something is jalā dādan, while to 'acquire luster' is jalā gereftan. These patterns are the bread and butter of natural-sounding Persian.

Pattern 1: [Noun] + جلای + [Noun]: This is the attributive use. Example: jalā-ye noghreh (the luster of silver). Use this when the luster is the subject or object of your sentence. 'The luster of the silver was blinding.'
Pattern 2: جلا دادن (Jalā Dādan): This is the active form. It means to polish or to brighten. Example: Kafsh-hāyam rā jalā dādam (I polished my shoes). It can be used for physical cleaning or metaphorical improvement of skills or character.
Pattern 3: جلا یافتن (Jalā Yāftan): A more formal way of saying something became polished or brilliant. Often used in literature. Example: Chehreh-ash jalā yāft (His face found luster/glowed).

نقره‌کار با دقت تمام به ظرف قدیمی جلا داد تا مثل روز اول بدرخشد.
— Translation: The silversmith polished the old vessel with great care so it would shine like the first day.

When constructing sentences, remember that جلای is a noun of quality. It is not the action itself but the result. You don't 'luster' a table; you 'give luster' to it. This distinction is vital for B1 learners who are moving away from direct translations from English. In English, 'polish' can be both a noun and a verb. In Persian, jalā is strictly a noun, and you need the helper verb to make it an action.

این واکس مخصوص، جلای چوب را برای مدت طولانی حفظ می‌کند.
— Translation: This special wax preserves the luster of the wood for a long time.

Furthermore, notice the usage in emotional contexts. If someone says 'your presence gave luster to our party' (hozure shomā be mahfele mā jalā dād), they are being highly polite and complimentary. It suggests you brought a certain 'sparkle' or 'honor' to the gathering. This is a common feature of 'Ta'arof' (Persian etiquette).

To truly master جلای, you need to know where it lives in the real world. It is not a slang word you'll hear every five minutes on the street, but it is deeply embedded in specific professional and cultural domains. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the 'vibe' of the word.

In the Bazaar and Workshops: If you walk through the copper-smiths' alley in Isfahan or the jewelry section of the Tehran Grand Bazaar, you will hear this word constantly. Artisans discuss how to restore the jalā of tarnished metal. It’s a technical term for them, referring to the final stage of production where the item is buffed to perfection.
In Classical Music and Poetry: Persian traditional music (Radif) and classical poetry (Rumi, Hafez, Saadi) are saturated with metaphors of light and polish. You will hear singers perform verses about the jalā of the heart. In this context, it feels timeless and majestic. It evokes the image of a moonlit night or a reflecting pool in a Persian garden.
In Modern Media and Marketing: Switch on an Iranian TV channel, and during the commercial breaks, you'll see advertisements for shampoos that give 'jalā' to your hair or floor cleaners that restore the 'jalā' of your ceramic tiles. Here, the word is used to evoke a sense of cleanliness, luxury, and health.

استاد به شاگردش گفت: «این تابلو هنوز به جلا نیاز دارد تا روح پیدا کند.»
— Translation: The master told his student: 'This painting still needs polish (varnish/life) to find its soul.'

Another interesting place you hear it is in the kitchen. Some might use it when talking about the 'glaze' on a perfectly cooked dish, like a 'Zereshk Polo' where the saffron oil gives a beautiful jalā to the rice. It indicates that the food is not just tasty, but visually appetizing and well-prepared. It is a word of appreciation for the 'finish' of any work.

In summary, جلای is found where beauty meets light. Whether it's the physical shine of a gemstone, the metaphorical brightness of a clean soul, or the commercial gloss of a new product, the word serves as a bridge between the material and the aesthetic. It is a high-frequency word in descriptive writing and formal speech, making it a key asset for learners who want to sound more eloquent.

Even though جلای is a straightforward noun, learners often stumble over its grammatical application and its phonetic similarity to other words. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Persian sound much more authentic and precise.

Mistake 1: Confusing Jala with Jala-ye: The most common error is forgetting the 'ye' when it's followed by another word. You cannot say 'Jala noghreh'; it must be جلایِ نقره (Jala-ye noghreh). The 'y' is not part of the root; it's the bridge. Conversely, don't add the 'y' if the word is at the end of the sentence or used as a standalone object. 'In zarf jala darad' (This dish has luster) — no 'y' needed.
Mistake 2: Confusing with 'Jelō' (Front): Beginners sometimes confuse Jala with Jelō because they both start with the 'j' sound and involve three letters. However, Jelō means 'in front' or 'forward'. Saying 'Kafsham ra jelo dadam' (I gave my shoe forward) instead of 'Kafsham ra jala dadam' (I polished my shoe) will lead to confusion!
Mistake 3: Using 'Barāgh' as a Noun: Learners often use the adjective barāgh (shiny) where they should use the noun jalā. You can't 'give shiny' to a table; you give it 'luster'. Remember: jalā is the 'thing' (the luster), and barāgh is the 'description' (shiny).

اشتباه: این واکس به کفش براق می‌دهد.
درست: این واکس به کفش جلا می‌دهد.
— Explanation: You give 'luster' (noun), not 'shiny' (adjective).

Another subtle mistake involves the word جلا (Jalā) versus جلاء (with a hamza, meaning exile/removal). While 'Jalā' (luster) is Persian/Arabic in origin and very common, 'Jalā-ye vatan' (exile from homeland) is a much heavier, more formal term. In speech, they sound identical, but the context usually prevents confusion. Just be aware when reading formal news that 'Jalā' isn't always about shining shoes!

Finally, avoid overusing the word. While it's beautiful, using it for everything (like a shiny piece of plastic or a greasy forehead) can sound odd. Reserve it for things that have a 'noble' or 'crafted' shine, like metals, stones, eyes, or the soul. For grease or wetness, other words like 'charbi' or 'khisi' are more appropriate.

To expand your Persian vocabulary, it's essential to understand the synonyms and related terms for جلای. Persian is a language of synonyms, each carrying a slightly different shade of meaning. Choosing the right one shows true B1-B2 level mastery.

درخشش (Derakhshesh): Meaning: Brilliance or sparkle.
Difference: Derakhshesh is more about the light being emitted or reflected intensely (like a star or a flash). Jalā is more about the smooth finish of the surface itself. A diamond has jalā (finish) which causes derakhshesh (sparkle).
صیقل (Sayqal): Meaning: Polish/Burnish.
Difference: Sayqal refers more to the physical act of smoothing or the state of being perfectly smooth. It is often used as a synonym for jalā, but it leans more toward the technical side of 'grinding' or 'sanding' to a shine.
تابش (Tābesh): Meaning: Radiance/Glow.
Difference: Tābesh is usually reserved for light sources like the sun or a lamp. You wouldn't say a shoe has tābesh, but you would say the sun's tābesh gives jalā to the sea.

تفاوت در اینجاست: الماس جلا دارد و به همین دلیل می‌درخشد.
— Translation: The difference is here: The diamond has luster (jala) and for that reason, it shines (derakhshesh).

For more informal contexts, you might use براقی (Barāghi - glossiness). If you are talking to a friend about your new car, barāghi sounds natural and conversational. Jalā sounds a bit more like you're writing a poem or an official review. Another interesting alternative is آب و رنگ (Āb o Rang - literally 'water and color'). This is an idiomatic way to say something has 'freshness and luster,' often used for carpets or even a person's complexion.

In literature, you might also encounter جلوه (Jelveh), which means 'manifestation' or 'splendor.' While jalā is about the light on the surface, jelveh is about the overall magnificent appearance of something. Understanding these nuances allows you to describe the world with the same precision and beauty that Persian speakers have done for centuries.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"جلای این اثر هنری نشان از دقت استاد دارد."

ニュートラル

"این واکس به کفش‌ها جلا می‌دهد."

カジュアル

"ببین چه جلایی داره این گوشیه!"

Child friendly

"بیا به این سنگ‌های ساحل جلا بدیم تا خوشگل بشن."

スラング

"ایول، چه جلایی دادی به تیپت!"

豆知識

In many mystical Persian poems, the word for 'manifestation' (Tajalli) comes from the same root as 'Jala'. This is why polishing the heart is seen as a way to let God's light 'manifest' in it.

発音ガイド

UK /dʒæ.lɒː/

US /dʒæ.lɑː/

The stress is on the second syllable (lā).

韻が合う語

طلا (Talā - Gold) بلا (Balā - Calamity) کلا (Kolā - Totally) جلا (Jalā - Luster) صدا (Sedā - Sound) خدا (Khodā - God) فدا (Fadā - Sacrifice) غذا (Ghazā - Food)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'Jala' with two short 'a' sounds.
Confusing the final 'ā' with an 'eh' sound (Jaleh).
Adding a heavy 'y' sound at the end when it is not needed.
Pronouncing the 'j' as a 'zh' sound.
Shortening the final long vowel.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text, but needs context to distinguish from 'exile'.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct use of ezafe and auxiliary verbs.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is simple, but must avoid confusion with 'Jelo'.

リスニング 4/5

Can be missed if spoken quickly in a compound verb.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

نور (Light) براق (Shiny) دادن (To give) کفش (Shoe) تمیز (Clean)

次に学ぶ

صیقل (Polish) درخشش (Brilliance) تراش (Cut/Facet) انعکاس (Reflection) شفافیت (Transparency)

上級

تجلی (Manifestation) منجلی (Evident) مستجلی (Appearing) صیقل‌گر (Burnisher)

知っておくべき文法

Ezafe with words ending in 'ā'

جلا + ی + الماس = جلایِ الماس

Compound Verbs with 'Dādan'

جلا دادن (To give luster/polish)

Compound Verbs with 'Yāftan'

جلا یافتن (To find luster/become polished)

Indefinite 'i' with 'ā' ending

جلایی (A certain luster)

Adjective placement

جلایِ خیره‌کننده (Dazzling luster)

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レベル別の例文

این میز جلا دارد.

This table has luster.

Simple Subject + Object + Verb.

جلای این سنگ زیباست.

The luster of this stone is beautiful.

Using 'jalā-ye' with ezafe.

کفش من جلا می‌خواهد.

My shoe needs polish.

Present tense of 'khāstan' (to want/need).

او به قاشق جلا داد.

He polished the spoon.

Simple past of 'jalā dādan'.

خورشید جلا دارد.

The sun has luster/brightness.

Basic noun usage.

ماشین جدید جلا دارد.

The new car has a shine.

Adjective 'jadid' modifying 'māshin'.

آینه جلا می‌درخشد.

The mirror shine sparkles.

Combination of jala and derakhshidan.

این جلا خوب است.

This polish is good.

Demonstrative pronoun 'in'.

من هر روز کفش‌هایم را جلا می‌دهم.

I polish my shoes every day.

Present habitual tense.

جلای طلا خیلی زیاد است.

The luster of gold is very much.

Use of 'kheyli' for emphasis.

آیا این پارچه جلا دارد؟

Does this fabric have a sheen?

Question form.

او با دستمال به شیشه جلا داد.

He gave polish to the glass with a cloth.

Using 'bā' (with) as an instrument.

جلای نقره بعد از مدتی کم می‌شود.

The luster of silver decreases after a while.

Compound verb 'kam shodan'.

باید به این چوب جلا بدهیم.

We must polish this wood.

Modal verb 'bāyad' (must).

جلای چشمانش را دوست دارم.

I love the sparkle/luster of her eyes.

Metaphorical use at A2.

این واکس جلای خوبی دارد.

This wax has a good luster.

Adjective 'khub' modifying 'jalā'.

نقاش با استفاده از روغن، به تابلو جلا بخشید.

The painter gave luster to the painting using oil.

Using 'bakhshidan' instead of 'dādan' for elegance.

جلای خاص این پارچه ابریشمی خیره‌کننده است.

The special luster of this silk fabric is dazzling.

Use of 'khireh-konandeh' (dazzling).

او سعی کرد با مطالعه، به ذهن خود جلا دهد.

He tried to polish his mind by studying.

Metaphorical B1 usage.

جلای الماس به نحوه تراش آن بستگی دارد.

The luster of a diamond depends on how it is cut.

Compound verb 'bastegi dāshtan'.

این فلز پس از صیقل خوردن، جلای عجیبی گرفت.

This metal took on a strange luster after being polished.

Passive-like construction 'sayqal khordan'.

هنرمند به مجسمه برنزی جلای نهایی را داد.

The artist gave the final polish to the bronze statue.

Adjective 'nahāyi' (final).

نور مهتاب به دریا جلای نقره‌ای می‌داد.

The moonlight gave a silvery luster to the sea.

Past continuous tense.

بدون جلا، این مبل قدیمی ارزشی ندارد.

Without polish, this old sofa has no value.

Conditional sense with 'bedun-e' (without).

سوهان‌کاری دقیق، جلای بی‌نظیری به قطعه صنعتی بخشید.

Precise filing gave an unparalleled luster to the industrial part.

Technical vocabulary integration.

اشعار حافظ به روح و روان انسان جلا می‌دهد.

Hafez's poems polish the human soul and spirit.

Abstract metaphorical usage.

جلای ظاهری نباید ما را از کیفیت باطنی غافل کند.

Outward luster should not make us neglect inner quality.

Proverbial/Philosophical structure.

او با مهارت تمام، به سنگ‌های قیمتی جلا می‌زد.

He was polishing the precious stones with total skill.

Using 'zal' (to hit/apply) with jala.

این نظریه جدید به بحث‌های علمی جلا بخشیده است.

This new theory has given a fresh polish to scientific debates.

Present perfect tense.

جلای کاشی‌های اصفهان در زیر نور آفتاب می‌درخشد.

The luster of Isfahan tiles shines under the sunlight.

Descriptive architectural context.

او با صبوری به استعدادهای نهفته‌اش جلا داد.

With patience, he polished his hidden talents.

Personal development context.

جلای این شمشیر نشان‌دهنده اصالت آن است.

The luster of this sword indicates its authenticity.

Gerund-like 'neshān-dahandeh'.

عارفان معتقدند که ذکر مدام، آینه دل را جلا می‌دهد.

Mystics believe that constant remembrance polishes the mirror of the heart.

Sufi terminology 'āyeneh-ye del'.

منتقد معتقد بود که بازنویسی، به متن جلای ادبی بیشتری بخشیده است.

The critic believed that rewriting gave the text more literary luster.

Literary criticism context.

جلای کاذب برخی کالاها نباید خریدار را فریب دهد.

The false luster of some goods should not deceive the buyer.

Use of 'kāzeb' (false/fake).

او با بیانی شیوا، به مفاهیم پیچیده فلسفی جلا داد.

With eloquent expression, he gave polish to complex philosophical concepts.

Advanced abstract usage.

مرمت‌کار با ظرافت، جلای از دست رفته فرش را بازگرداند.

The restorer delicately returned the lost luster of the carpet.

Complex sentence with multiple modifiers.

این کشف باستان‌شناسی، به تاریخ منطقه جلایی تازه بخشید.

This archaeological discovery gave a new luster to the region's history.

Using 'jalāyi' (indefinite).

جلای کلام او در مجلس همه را مجذوب خود کرد.

The luster (eloquence) of his speech in the assembly fascinated everyone.

Metaphorical eloquence.

تکنولوژی نانو به سطوح جلای ماندگارتری می‌بخشد.

Nanotechnology gives a more lasting luster to surfaces.

Scientific/Modern context.

در متون کلاسیک، جلا یافتن تیغ کنایه از آمادگی برای نبرد است.

In classical texts, the polishing of the blade is an allusion to readiness for battle.

Literary analysis terminology.

او با ریاضت، به ساحت قدسی روح خود جلا بخشیده بود.

Through asceticism, he had polished the sacred realm of his soul.

High-level theological vocabulary.

جلای ایجاز در این شعر، قدرت بیان شاعر را به رخ می‌کشد.

The luster of brevity in this poem shows off the poet's expressive power.

Aesthetic critique vocabulary.

نباید اجازه داد غبار روزمرگی بر جلای آرمان‌هایمان بنشیند.

We must not allow the dust of everyday life to settle on the luster of our ideals.

Complex metaphorical construct.

او با اشراف بر دقایق زبان، به ترجمه خود جلایی بی‌بدیل داد.

With mastery over the nuances of language, he gave his translation an incomparable luster.

Professional mastery context.

جلای بصری فیلم، ضعف‌های فیلمنامه را تا حدی پوشانده بود.

The visual luster of the film had somewhat covered the weaknesses of the screenplay.

Cinema critique.

حکیم با صیقل دادن اندیشه، به خرد انسانی جلا می‌بخشد.

The sage polishes human wisdom by refining thought.

Philosophical abstraction.

در صنعت زرگری، جلای نهایی محصول نشان از استادی سازنده دارد.

In the goldsmithing industry, the final luster of the product indicates the maker's mastery.

Industry-specific formal usage.

よく使う組み合わせ

جلا دادن

جلا یافتن

جلای الماس

جلای فلزات

جلا بخشیدن

جلای ظاهری

جلا زدن

جلای ماندگار

جلای چشم

بدون جلا

よく使うフレーズ

جلا دادن به روح

جلای کلام

جلا دادن به استعداد

جلای تازه

جلای خیره‌کننده

جلا گرفتن

جلای آینه

جلا دادن به خاطرات

جلای ابریشم

جلا دادن به مهارت

よく混同される語

جلای vs جلاء (Exile)

Spelled with a hamza, it means removal or exile. Sounds the same in speech.

جلای vs جلو (Front)

A common directional word. Beginners often mix up the 'j-l' sounds.

جلای vs جلا (Jala - The name)

Though rare, it can be a name or part of a name (like Jalal).

慣用句と表現

"آینه دل را جلا دادن"

To clear one's heart of negative emotions and ego. A core Sufi concept.

عارفان با عبادت آینه دل را جلا می‌دهند.

Literary/Spiritual

"جلا دادن به مجلس"

To grace a gathering with one's presence or a great performance.

حضور شما به مجلس ما جلا داد.

Formal/Polite

"جلای کاذب"

Refers to someone or something that looks good on the outside but is empty inside.

گول جلای کاذب او را نخور.

Neutral

"جلا دادن به چشم"

To see something beautiful or pleasing. Literally 'to polish the eye'.

دیدن این منظره به چشم جلا می‌دهد.

Poetic

"جلا دادن به تیغ"

To prepare for a serious task or battle. Sharpening the resolve.

او برای امتحان تیغ دانش خود را جلا داد.

Metaphorical

"بی‌جلا"

Dull, uninteresting, or lacking character.

زندگی بدون عشق بی‌جلا است.

Literary

"جلا دادن به سکه"

To make something look more valuable than it actually is.

او سعی کرد با دروغ به حرف‌هایش جلا دهد.

Informal

"جلای عمر"

The peak or the most brilliant years of one's life.

او در جلای عمر خود به موفقیت رسید.

Literary

"جلا دادن به روی"

To freshen up one's face or appearance.

کمی آب به صورتت بزن تا جلا بگیرد.

Informal

"جلای سخن"

The persuasive power and beauty of a speech.

جلای سخن او همه را قانع کرد.

Formal

間違えやすい

جلای vs براق

Both mean shiny.

'Barāgh' is an adjective (shiny), 'Jalā' is a noun (luster). You can't say 'to give shiny'.

این میز براق است (Correct). این میز جلا دارد (Correct).

جلای vs صیقل

Both involve polishing.

'Sayqal' is the process of making smooth; 'Jalā' is the resulting shine.

سنگ را صیقل دادم تا جلا بگیرد.

جلای vs درخشش

Both relate to light.

'Derakhshesh' is the flash or sparkle; 'Jalā' is the surface quality.

درخشش ستاره (Correct). جلای ستاره (Incorrect/Rare).

جلای vs تابش

Both relate to light.

'Tābesh' is for light sources (sun); 'Jalā' is for reflected light on surfaces.

تابش خورشید به آینه جلا داد.

جلای vs جلوه

Both mean appearance.

'Jelveh' is general splendor; 'Jalā' is specific surface luster.

جلوه لباس در مهمانی عالی بود.

文型パターン

[Subject] جلا دارد.

این طلا جلا دارد.

من به [Object] جلا می‌دهم.

من به کفشم جلا می‌دهم.

جلایِ [Noun] بسیار [Adjective] است.

جلایِ نقره بسیار زیبا است.

[Something] به [Something Else] جلا می‌بخشد.

این واکس به میز جلا می‌بخشد.

با [Action]، به [Abstract Noun] جلا بدهیم.

با مطالعه، به روحمان جلا بدهیم.

جلایِ [Abstract Concept] در [Context] منجلی است.

جلایِ ایجاز در این شعر منجلی است.

[Subject] از جلا افتاده است.

این ظرف قدیمی از جلا افتاده است.

باید فکری برایِ جلایِ [Noun] کرد.

باید فکری برایِ جلایِ این مبل‌ها کرد.

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

使い方

frequency

Common in descriptive writing, advertising, and literature. Less common in casual slang.

よくある間違い

این کفش جلا است. → این کفش جلا دارد.
You cannot say 'The shoe is luster'. You must say 'The shoe HAS luster'.
جلای نقره زیبا است. → جلایِ نقره زیبا است.
Missing the 'ye' ezafe sound when connecting nouns.
او به میز براق داد. → او به میز جلا داد.
Using an adjective (shiny) instead of a noun (luster) with the verb 'to give'.
Kafsham ra jelo dadam. → Kafsham ra jala dadam.
Confusing 'Jala' (polish) with 'Jelo' (front).
جلای خورشید خیلی گرم است. → تابش خورشید خیلی گرم است.
Using 'Jala' for a light source instead of a reflected surface.

ヒント

Master the Ezafe

Always remember the 'ye' sound when saying 'the luster of...'. It's 'Jala-ye', not just 'Jala'.

Use it for Quality

Use 'Jala' when you want to emphasize that something looks high-quality and well-maintained.

Metaphorical Meaning

Don't be afraid to use it for abstract things like the 'mind' or 'soul' in formal writing.

Long Vowel

The 'ā' at the end is long. Make sure you don't cut it short like an English 'a'.

Art and Craft

This is a perfect word for describing Persian carpets, tiles, and metalwork.

Ad spotting

Look for this word on Iranian shampoo or wax bottles to see it used in modern contexts.

Jala vs. Baragh

Switch from 'Baragh' to 'Jala' to instantly sound more sophisticated in your Persian.

Poetry Key

In poetry, 'Jala' almost always refers to the purification of the heart.

Ta'arof

Use 'Hozure shomā be mahfele mā jalā dād' to be extremely polite to guests.

Practice

Try to write one sentence every day using 'Jala dādan' for different objects.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Jala' as 'Jewel-a'. A jewel always has a beautiful 'jala' (luster) after it is cleaned.

視覚的連想

Imagine a dirty old lamp being rubbed until it shines perfectly. That final brilliant shine is the 'jala'.

Word Web

Gold Mirror Heart Polish Diamond Sun Clean Shine

チャレンジ

Try to find three objects in your room that have 'jala' and name them in Persian. Then, think of one skill you want to 'jala dādan' this week.

語源

The word originates from the Arabic root 'J-L-W' (جلو), which relates to making something manifest, clear, or visible. In Persian, it evolved specifically to mean the shine that makes a surface clear and beautiful.

元の意味： To reveal, to manifest, or to clear away (like clearing clouds).

Semitic root adopted into the Indo-European Persian language.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities. It is a universally positive and safe word.

English speakers might just say 'shine' or 'polish', but 'jala' carries a more poetic and quality-focused weight, similar to 'luster' in formal English.

The concept of 'Sayqal-e Mohammadi' in Sufi poetry. Commercials for 'Giti' or 'Golrang' cleaning products in Iran. Descriptions of the 'Kūh-e Nūr' diamond in historical texts.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Furniture Care

واکس چوب
جلا دادن میز
حفظ جلا
دستمال نرم

Jewelry Shop

جلای الماس
تمیز کردن طلا
عیار و جلا
تراش برلیان

Spiritual Talk

جلای روح
آینه دل
پاکی و جلا
ذکر و جلا

Automotive detailing

پولیش بدنه
جلای رنگ
واکس ماشین
براق‌کننده

Literary Review

جلای کلام
زیبایی متن
صیقل دادن شعر
بیان درخشان

会話のきっかけ

"به نظر شما چطور می‌توان به این ظرف‌های قدیمی دوباره جلا داد؟"

"آیا فکر می‌کنید مطالعه کتاب می‌تواند به ذهن ما جلا بدهد؟"

"جلای این انگشتر خیلی زیباست، آن را از کجا خریده‌اید؟"

"چرا جلای بعضی از سنگ‌ها بعد از مدتی از بین می‌رود؟"

"چطور می‌توانیم به روابط انسانی‌مان جلای بیشتری ببخشیم؟"

日記のテーマ

امروز چه کاری انجام دادی که به روح تو جلا بخشید؟ (What did you do today that polished your soul?)

درباره شیئی در خانه‌ات بنویس که جلای خاصی دارد و چرا برایت مهم است.

چگونه می‌توانیم با یادگیری یک زبان جدید، به تفکراتمان جلا دهیم؟

توصیف کن که یک روز بارانی چگونه به طبیعت جلا می‌دهد.

آیا ترجیح می‌دهی وسایلت مات باشند یا جلا داشته باشند؟ چرا؟

よくある質問

10 問

No, 'Jala' is a noun. To use it as an action, you must combine it with a verb like 'dādan' (to give), making it 'jala dādan' (to polish).

Use 'Jala' when it's the subject or object alone (e.g., 'It has jala'). Use 'Jala-ye' when it's followed by another noun (e.g., 'The jala-ye of the gold').

Yes, metaphorically. It implies a healthy, radiant, or spiritually bright look. 'Chehreh-ash jala dāsht'.

Yes, especially in shops, art, and literature. You'll see it on many cleaning product labels as well.

The most common opposite is 'māt' (matte) or 'tār' (dim/dark).

There is a homophone 'Jalā' (جلاء) which means exile, but it is much less common in daily speech and usually appears in political contexts.

You say: 'Kafsh-hā rā jala dādan' (کفش‌ها را جلا دادن).

It has Arabic roots but is fully integrated into Persian with its own unique nuances and compound forms.

Yes, for the 'glaze' or 'sheen' on food, like the oil on saffron rice. It makes the food look more appetizing.

It is considered B1 (Intermediate) because while the concept is simple, its correct grammatical and metaphorical use requires more advanced knowledge.

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