مطبوع 30秒で
- Matbu' means pleasant, agreeable, or enjoyable, especially for weather.
- It describes things that feel comfortable and 'just right' for the senses.
- Commonly used for weather, atmosphere, and sometimes taste or feeling.
- Think of it as conveying a sense of well-being and positive sensory experience.
The Persian word مطبوع (matbu') is an adjective that describes something as pleasant, agreeable, or enjoyable. It's often used to describe favorable weather conditions, but its meaning can extend to other pleasant experiences or things that create a good feeling.
- Etymology
- Derived from the Arabic root 'طبع' (taba'a), meaning 'to print' or 'to imprint,' 'matbu'' literally means 'imprinted' or 'formed.' In its adjectival use, it suggests something that is pleasingly formed or has a pleasant impression on the senses.
- Core Meaning
- The essence of 'matbu'' is a sense of comfort and satisfaction. When applied to weather, it signifies a day that is neither too hot nor too cold, with gentle breezes and clear skies – an ideal day for outdoor activities.
- Beyond Weather
- While weather is a very common context, 'matbu'' can also describe a pleasant atmosphere in a room, the agreeable taste of food, or even a person's generally pleasant demeanor. It conveys a sense of well-being and positive sensory experience.
- Nuance
- 'Matbu'' suggests a natural, effortless pleasantness. It's not about something being excessively luxurious or exciting, but rather a comfortable and genuinely enjoyable state or condition. It implies a harmony with one's surroundings or experiences.
هوا امروز بسیار مطبوع است.
این باغ فضایی مطبوع دارد.
طعم این غذا بسیار مطبوع بود.
Using مطبوع (matbu') correctly involves understanding its common grammatical partners and the contexts in which it sounds most natural. As an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, often connected by the 'ezafe' construction or directly preceding it when used predicatively.
- Modifying Nouns
- When 'matbu'' directly describes a noun, it usually follows the noun. For example, 'hava-ye matbu'' (هوا-ی مطبوع) means 'pleasant weather.' The '-ye' (ـی) is the ezafe marker connecting the noun 'hava' (weather) to the adjective 'matbu'.' Other nouns it can modify include 'fazā' (فضا - atmosphere), 'māst' (مزه - taste), and 'ehsās' (احساس - feeling).
- Predicative Use
- 'Matbu'' can also be used predicatively, meaning it describes the subject of the sentence after a linking verb like 'ast' (است - is) or 'bud' (بود - was). In this case, it doesn't need the ezafe marker. For instance, 'Havā ast matbu'.' (هوا است مطبوع.) - 'The weather is pleasant.' Or, 'Inja malūm ast ke havā matbu' ast.' (اینجا معلوم است که هوا مطبوع است.) - 'It is evident here that the weather is pleasant.'
- Common Collocations
- Pay attention to common phrases. 'Hava-ye matbu'' is the most frequent. You might also hear 'fazā-ye matbu'' (pleasant atmosphere), 'zamin-e matbu'' (pleasant land/ground, perhaps referring to fertile or agreeable terrain), or 'ehsās-e matbu'' (a pleasant feeling). The word often pairs with nouns related to sensory perception or environment.
- Sentence Structure
- The typical structure will be: [Noun] + [Ezafe Marker (if applicable)] + matbu'. Or, [Subject] + [Linking Verb] + matbu'. When used with verbs of perception like 'hes kardan' (حس کردن - to feel), it can be 'man ehsās-e matbu'i mikonam' (من احساس مطبوعی میکنم - I feel a pleasant feeling).
روز تعطیل با هوای مطبوع عالی بود.
رستوران فضایی بسیار مطبوع داشت.
این موسیقی آرامشبخش و مطبوع است.
You'll encounter مطبوع (matbu') in a variety of everyday and slightly more formal settings in Persian. Its usage is widespread, reflecting its broad meaning of pleasantness and agreeableness.
- Weather Forecasts and Conversations
- This is perhaps the most common place to hear 'matbu'.' Meteorologists use it to describe ideal conditions, and people often use it in casual conversation when discussing the weather. Phrases like 'havā-ye emruz kheyli matbu' ast' (هوا-ی امروز خیلی مطبوع است - Today's weather is very pleasant) or 'man havā-ye matbu' rā doost dāram' (من هوا-ی مطبوع را دوست دارم - I like pleasant weather) are very typical.
- Describing Environments
- When visiting a home, a restaurant, a park, or any public space, Iranians might comment on the atmosphere. 'Fazā-ye in café cheghadr matbu' ast!' (فضای این کافه چقدر مطبوع است! - How pleasant the atmosphere of this cafe is!) is a common compliment. It suggests a comfortable, inviting, and aesthetically pleasing environment.
- Food and Drink
- While less frequent than weather, 'matbu'' can be used to describe the taste or aroma of food and drinks, especially if they are subtly pleasing and not overwhelming. For example, 'māst-e in shirinī kheyli matbu' bud' (مزه این شیرینی خیلی مطبوع بود - The taste of this pastry was very agreeable). It implies a refined and pleasant sensory experience.
- Literature and Formal Writing
- In more formal writing, poetry, or descriptive prose, 'matbu'' can be used to evoke a sense of calm, beauty, or positive emotion. It adds a layer of sophistication to descriptions of scenes or feelings.
- Personal Well-being
- Occasionally, people might use it to describe a general feeling of well-being or contentment. 'Man emruz ehsās-e kheyli matbu'i dāram' (من امروز احساس خیلی مطبوعی دارم - I feel very pleasant today) is a way to express a state of ease and comfort.
گوینده هواشناسی گفت: «فردا هوایی مطبوع در انتظار شماست.»
وقتی وارد خانه شدم، بوی نان تازه و فضایی مطبوع مرا احاطه کرد.
چای عصرانه با طعم مطبوع، خستگی را از تنم بیرون کرد.
While مطبوع (matbu') is a straightforward adjective, learners can sometimes misuse it by confusing its nuances with other words or by applying it in contexts where it doesn't quite fit. Here are some common pitfalls to avoid.
- Overusing it for Intense Feelings
- 'Matbu'' implies pleasantness, agreeableness, and comfort. It is not typically used for experiences that are intensely exciting, thrilling, or overwhelmingly joyful. For those, words like 'هيجانانگيز' (heyan-angiz - exciting) or 'شگفتانگيز' (shegeft-angiz - amazing) would be more appropriate. For example, saying 'havā-ye matbu'' is correct for a nice day, but saying 'film-e matbu'' (a pleasant movie) might sound a bit weak if the movie was meant to be thrilling.
- Confusing with 'khosh' (خوش - happy/good)
- 'Khosh' is a very general term for 'good' or 'happy.' While 'matbu'' is a type of 'khosh,' it's more specific. You can say 'havā-ye khosh' (good weather), but 'havā-ye matbu'' is more descriptive of a particular kind of pleasantness. Using 'matbu'' where 'khosh' would suffice might sound slightly formal or overly specific, though usually understandable. Conversely, using 'khosh' when 'matbu'' is intended might miss the nuance of agreeable sensory experience.
- Incorrect Ezafe Usage
- As mentioned, 'matbu'' often follows a noun with an ezafe marker ('-ye'). Forgetting this marker can lead to grammatical errors. For instance, saying 'hava matbu'' instead of 'hava-ye matbu'' is incorrect when 'matbu'' directly modifies 'hava' as a pre-nominal adjective. However, in predicative use after a linking verb, the ezafe is not needed: 'hava matbu' ast' (هوا مطبوع است).
- Applying to Abstract Concepts Inappropriately
- While 'matbu'' can describe a pleasant feeling ('ehsās-e matbu''), it's less common to use it for abstract concepts like 'justice' or 'freedom.' These concepts are not typically described as 'pleasant' in the same sensory way. For abstract ideas, words like ''ādelāne' (عادلانه - just) or 'āzādāne' (آزادانه - free) are more fitting.
- Literal Translation Issues
- The root meaning relates to 'imprinted' or 'formed.' While this gives context, directly translating 'matbu'' as 'imprinted' in most contexts would be nonsensical. Stick to the idiomatic meaning of 'pleasant' or 'agreeable.' For example, 'an imrinted day' makes no sense in English, but 'a pleasant day' does.
اشتباه: هوا مطبوع است.
صحیح: هوای مطبوع است.
اشتباه: این فیلم خیلی مطبوع بود.
بهتر است بگوییم: این فیلم خیلی سرگرمکننده یا هیجانانگیز بود.
The Persian language offers several words to express pleasantness, each with its own shade of meaning. Understanding these alternatives helps you choose the most precise word for your intended message.
- خوش (khosh)
- Meaning: Happy, good, pleasant, nice.
Comparison: 'Khosh' is a very general term. It can describe mood, taste, weather, or almost anything positive. 'Matbu'' is more specific, focusing on agreeableness and sensory comfort. You can have 'khosh vaz'iyat' (good situation) but 'matbu'' wouldn't fit. However, 'havā-ye khosh' (good weather) and 'havā-ye matbu'' (pleasant weather) are similar, with 'matbu'' often implying a more specific ideal condition. - دلچسب (delchasb)
- Meaning: Pleasant, enjoyable, delightful, appealing (literally 'heart-sticking').
Comparison: 'Delchasb' is very close to 'matbu'' and often interchangeable, especially for weather and atmosphere. It emphasizes something that is pleasing to the heart or mind. 'Matbu'' might lean slightly more towards sensory comfort, while 'delchasb' can also imply something that is attractive or captivating. For example, 'manzare-ye delchasb' (delightful scenery) is common. 'Matbu'' could also work for scenery, but 'delchasb' might convey a stronger sense of aesthetic appeal. - لذتبخش (lezzatbakhsh)
- Meaning: Enjoyable, delightful, pleasurable (literally 'pleasure-giving').
Comparison: 'Lezzatbakhsh' directly implies deriving pleasure or enjoyment from something. It's often used for experiences that are actively enjoyable, like a good meal, a vacation, or a relaxing activity. 'Matbu'' can be part of an enjoyable experience, but it focuses more on the agreeable nature of the condition itself rather than the active pleasure derived. A warm, sunny day ('havā-ye matbu'') can lead to an enjoyable experience ('tajrobe-ye lezzatbakhsh'). - آرام (ārām)
- Meaning: Calm, quiet, peaceful, tranquil.
Comparison: 'Ārām' describes a state of calmness or lack of disturbance. While a 'matbu'' atmosphere is often 'ārām,' 'ārām' itself doesn't necessarily mean pleasant. A quiet, empty room might be 'ārām' but not particularly 'matbu'.' Conversely, a lively but pleasant gathering could be 'matbu'' without being 'ārām.' They describe different qualities, though they can overlap. - مطلوب (matlub)
- Meaning: Desired, wanted, sought after.
Comparison: 'Matlub' focuses on something being desired or wished for. While a 'matbu'' condition is often desired (like pleasant weather), the core meaning is different. 'Matlub' is about desirability, whereas 'matbu'' is about the quality of being pleasant once experienced. You might desire 'havā-ye matbu'' (pleasant weather), making it both 'matlub' and 'matbu'.'
هوا امروز مطبوع و دلچسب است.
این سفر تجربهای لذتبخش بود.
صحبت با او همیشه خوش است.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The root 'ṭ-b-ʿ' is also the source for words like 'ṭabīʿa' (طبیعه), meaning 'nature,' and 'ṭabīʿī' (طبیعی), meaning 'natural.' This connection highlights how something 'matbu'' is often perceived as naturally pleasing or conforming to a pleasant disposition.
発音ガイド
- Mispronouncing the 'a' sound as in 'cat' instead of 'father'.
- Incorrectly stressing the first syllable.
- Rounding the final 'oo' sound too much or too little.
難易度
Understanding 'matbu'' in reading is generally straightforward, especially in contexts like weather descriptions. Its CEFR B1 level suggests it's common enough for intermediate learners to encounter and comprehend without significant difficulty. Complex sentence structures or abstract applications might increase the challenge.
Using 'matbu'' correctly in writing requires understanding the nuances of its usage, particularly the correct application of the 'ezafe' construction and choosing appropriate contexts. Learners at the B1 level should be able to use it in simple descriptive sentences.
Pronouncing and using 'matbu'' in spoken Persian is relatively easy due to its commonality, especially when discussing weather. Aiming for natural integration into sentences about environments or feelings is key for B1 learners.
Recognizing 'matbu'' when spoken is generally easy, particularly in common phrases like 'hava-ye matbu''. Its clear pronunciation and frequent use make it accessible for B1 listeners.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Ezafe Construction
The Ezafe construction (using -e or -ye) connects a noun to its adjective or possessor. For 'matbu'', it's often used when the adjective directly modifies a noun: 'hava-ye matbu'' (pleasant weather).
Adjective Placement
Adjectives like 'matbu'' typically follow the noun they modify, often with an Ezafe. However, they can also appear predicatively after a linking verb like 'ast' (is) without an Ezafe: 'Hava matbu' ast.'
Intensifiers
Words like 'besyār' (بسیار - very) or 'kheyli' (خیلی - very) can be used before 'matbu'' to intensify its meaning: 'hava besyār matbu' ast' (The weather is very pleasant).
Negation
To negate 'matbu'', you can use 'nā-' prefix to form 'nāmatbu'' (unpleasant) or use negation with the verb: 'hava nāmatbu' ast' (The weather is unpleasant) or 'hava matbu' nabud' (The weather was not pleasant).
Using with Conjunctions
'Matbu'' can be used alongside other adjectives connected by 'va' (و - and): 'fazā-ye matbu' va ārām' (pleasant and calm atmosphere).
レベル別の例文
هوا خوب است.
The weather is good.
Simple sentence structure.
اینجا خوب است.
It is nice here.
Using 'khob' as a general descriptor.
روز خوبی بود.
It was a good day.
Past tense of 'khob'.
من این را دوست دارم.
I like this.
Basic expression of liking.
هوا گرم است.
The weather is hot.
Describing temperature.
هوا سرد است.
The weather is cold.
Describing temperature.
این مکان آرام است.
This place is calm.
Using 'ārām' for calmness.
من احساس خوبی دارم.
I feel good.
Expressing a positive feeling.
هوا امروز خیلی خوب است.
The weather is very good today.
Using 'kheyli' (very) to intensify 'khob'.
این یک روز دلپذیر است.
This is a pleasant day.
Using 'delpazir' (pleasant).
فضای خانه گرم و صمیمی بود.
The atmosphere of the house was warm and friendly.
Describing atmosphere with 'garm' (warm) and 'sāmi' (friendly).
من از این منظره لذت میبرم.
I enjoy this scenery.
Using 'lezzat mibaram' (I enjoy).
هوا برای پیادهروی مناسب است.
The weather is suitable for walking.
Using 'monāseb' (suitable).
این غذا طعم خوبی دارد.
This food has a good taste.
Describing food taste with 'khob'.
صدای باران آرامشبخش است.
The sound of rain is calming.
Using 'ārāmeshbakhsh' (calming).
امروز هوا بسیار دلنشین است.
Today the weather is very pleasant.
Using 'delneshin' (pleasant/delightful).
هوا امروز بسیار مطبوع است؛ نه گرم و نه سرد.
The weather today is very pleasant; neither hot nor cold.
Introducing 'matbu'' for pleasant weather, with negation.
این باغ فضایی مطبوع و دلنشین دارد.
This garden has a pleasant and delightful atmosphere.
'Matbu'' used with 'fazā' (atmosphere) and 'delneshin'.
طعم این چای عصرانه بسیار مطبوع بود.
The taste of this afternoon tea was very agreeable.
'Matbu'' describing taste, past tense.
قدم زدن در هوای مطبوع پاییزی لذتبخش است.
Walking in the pleasant autumn air is enjoyable.
'Matbu'' describing air, connected to enjoyment ('lezzatbakhsh').
رستوران دکوراسیونی مطبوع و آرام داشت.
The restaurant had a pleasant and calm decoration.
'Matbu'' describing decoration, alongside 'ārām'.
احساس مطبوعی از حضور در این مکان به من دست داد.
I got a pleasant feeling from being in this place.
Using 'ehsās-e matbu'' (pleasant feeling).
هوا در فصل بهار معمولاً مطبوع است.
The weather in spring is usually pleasant.
General statement about spring weather using 'matbu'' and 'ma'mūlan' (usually).
این موسیقی ارکسترال بسیار مطبوع و آرامشبخش است.
This orchestral music is very pleasant and calming.
'Matbu'' describing music, linked with 'ārāmeshbakhsh'.
پس از روزها بارندگی، بالاخره هوایی مطبوع و آفتابی از راه رسید.
After days of rain, finally, pleasant and sunny weather arrived.
'Matbu'' used after a period of negative weather, implying relief.
آنها در خانهای با چشماندازی مطبوع به دریا زندگی میکردند.
They lived in a house with a pleasant view of the sea.
'Matbu'' describing a view ('cheshmandāz').
محیط کار باید به گونهای باشد که فضایی مطبوع و مولد را فراهم کند.
The work environment should be such that it provides a pleasant and productive atmosphere.
'Matbu'' used in a more formal context concerning workplace environment.
استفاده از رنگهای ملایم، فضایی مطبوع در اتاق ایجاد میکند.
Using soft colors creates a pleasant atmosphere in the room.
Explaining how certain elements contribute to a 'matbu'' atmosphere.
مهمانان از پذیرایی گرم و فضای مطبوع مهمانی راضی بودند.
The guests were satisfied with the warm hospitality and the pleasant atmosphere of the party.
'Matbu'' describing the atmosphere of a social event.
عطر گلهای بهاری رایحهای مطبوع در هوا پخش میکرد.
The scent of spring flowers spread a pleasant aroma in the air.
'Matbu'' describing a scent ('rayhe').
یادآوری آن خاطرات خوش، احساسی مطبوع در دل ایجاد میکرد.
Recalling those happy memories created a pleasant feeling in the heart.
'Matbu'' describing a feeling evoked by memories.
این نوع پارچه به دلیل نرمی و لطافت، بافتی مطبوع برای پوست دارد.
This type of fabric has a pleasant texture for the skin due to its softness and smoothness.
'Matbu'' describing texture ('bāft') in relation to touch.
هوای کوهستان در اوایل صبح، با ترکیبی از خنکی و نسیم ملایم، تجربهای بینهایت مطبوع را ارائه میدهد.
The mountain air in the early morning, with a combination of coolness and a gentle breeze, offers an infinitely pleasant experience.
'Matbu'' used with 'tajrobe' (experience) and intensifiers like 'bi-nahāyat' (infinitely).
طراحی داخلی بنا با الهام از طبیعت، فضایی مطبوع و هماهنگ با محیط اطراف خلق کرده بود.
The interior design of the building, inspired by nature, had created a pleasant and harmonious atmosphere with the surroundings.
'Matbu'' used in a sophisticated description of interior design and its effect.
رایحه ادویههای گرم در آشپزخانه، حس خوشایندی و فضایی مطبوع را تداعی میکرد.
The aroma of warm spices in the kitchen evoked a pleasant feeling and a pleasant atmosphere.
'Matbu'' used to describe the atmosphere evoked by scents.
خواننده توانست با صدایی مطبوع و دلنشین، احساسات عمیق متن ترانه را منتقل کند.
The singer was able to convey the deep emotions of the lyrics with a pleasant and delightful voice.
'Matbu'' describing a voice ('sadā'), linked with 'delneshin'.
انتخابات اخیر، با وجود تنشهای اولیه، در نهایت منجر به فضایی مطبوع و امیدوارکننده برای آینده شد.
The recent election, despite initial tensions, ultimately led to a pleasant and hopeful atmosphere for the future.
'Matbu'' used in a socio-political context, describing the aftermath of an event.
کتاب حاضر با زبانی ساده و بیانی مطبوع، مفاهیم پیچیده علمی را برای عموم قابل فهم ساخته است.
The present book, with simple language and a pleasant narration, has made complex scientific concepts understandable for the public.
'Matbu'' describing narration ('bayān') in academic or informative writing.
آن شب، زیر نور مهتاب، ساحل دریای مدیترانه منظرهای مطبوع و رمانتیک را به نمایش گذاشته بود.
That night, under the moonlight, the Mediterranean coast displayed a pleasant and romantic scene.
'Matbu'' used in a descriptive and evocative literary style.
مهمترین عامل در موفقیت یک کسبوکار، ایجاد تجربهای مطبوع برای مشتریان است.
The most important factor in business success is creating a pleasant experience for customers.
'Matbu'' used in a business and customer service context.
غروب آفتاب در این منطقه، با رنگهای خیرهکننده و سکوتی مطبوع، تصویری از آرامش مطلق را در ذهن تداعی میکند.
The sunset in this region, with its stunning colors and pleasant silence, evokes an image of absolute tranquility in the mind.
'Matbu'' used poetically to describe silence and its effect on perception.
معماری پایدار، نه تنها به جنبههای زیستمحیطی میاندیشد، بلکه در پی خلق فضاهایی مطبوع و ارتقاءدهنده کیفیت زندگی ساکنان است.
Sustainable architecture not only considers environmental aspects but also seeks to create pleasant spaces and enhance the quality of life for residents.
'Matbu'' used in a discourse on sustainable development and its human-centric goals.
لحن کلام او، که آمیزهای از دانش عمیق و فروتنی بود، اثری مطبوع و ماندگار بر شنوندگان گذاشت.
His tone of speech, a blend of deep knowledge and humility, left a pleasant and lasting impression on the listeners.
'Matbu'' describing the impact of a person's demeanor and communication style.
در جستجوی معنای زندگی، گاهی اوقات در جزئیات کوچک و لحظات مطبوع روزمره، آرامش و رضایت عمیقی نهفته است.
In the search for the meaning of life, sometimes deep peace and contentment lie hidden in small details and pleasant everyday moments.
'Matbu'' used philosophically to describe the profoundness found in simple moments.
سنت دیرینه موسیقی ایرانی، با ظرافتهای خاص خود، همواره فضایی مطبوع و روحنواز برای مخاطبان فراهم کرده است.
The ancient tradition of Iranian music, with its unique subtleties, has always provided a pleasant and soul-soothing atmosphere for audiences.
'Matbu'' used in a cultural context to describe the effect of traditional art.
تحلیل دادهها نشان میدهد که تغییرات آب و هوایی، گرچه در برخی مناطق منجر به شرایط ناخوشایند شده، اما در برخی دیگر، دورههایی از هوای مطبوعتر را نیز به همراه داشته است.
Data analysis indicates that while climate change has led to unpleasant conditions in some regions, it has also brought periods of more pleasant weather in others.
'Matbu'' used in a nuanced scientific context, comparing pleasantness amidst broader climate issues.
تجربه سفر به سرزمینهای ناشناخته، اغلب با غلبه بر ناآشناییها، به خلق خاطراتی مطبوع و درسآموز میانجامد.
The experience of traveling to unknown lands, often by overcoming unfamiliarity, results in the creation of pleasant and instructive memories.
'Matbu'' used to describe memories formed through challenging but rewarding experiences.
یک گفتگوی سازنده، حتی در صورت اختلاف نظر، میتواند فضایی مطبوع و احترامآمیز را حفظ کند.
A constructive conversation, even in case of disagreement, can maintain a pleasant and respectful atmosphere.
'Matbu'' used in the context of interpersonal communication and conflict resolution.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— It has a pleasant atmosphere.
این کتابخانه فضای مطبوعی دارد و برای مطالعه عالی است.
よく混同される語
'Khosh' is a general term for 'good' or 'happy.' While 'matbu'' implies pleasantness, 'khosh' is broader. You can have 'khosh vaz'iyat' (good situation) but not 'matbu' vaz'iyat'.
Very similar and often interchangeable with 'matbu'', especially for weather and atmosphere. 'Delchasb' might imply a slightly stronger appeal to the heart or aesthetics.
'Matlub' means 'desired' or 'wanted.' While pleasant conditions are often desired, 'matbu'' describes the quality of being pleasant itself, not just its desirability.
間違えやすい
Both words describe positive qualities.
'Khosh' is very general (good, happy, nice). 'Matbu'' is more specific to sensory pleasantness and agreeableness, often implying comfort and a 'just right' quality. You'd say 'hava-ye khosh' for good weather, but 'hava-ye matbu'' for weather that is perfectly pleasant – not too hot, not too cold, with a nice breeze.
من یک روز <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>خوش</mark> داشتم (I had a good day). این هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> است (This weather is pleasant).
Both words are used for pleasantness and agreeableness.
'Matbu'' leans towards sensory comfort and a balanced, agreeable state. 'Delchasb' (literally 'heart-sticking') often implies something more appealing or delightful, possibly with a stronger aesthetic or emotional pull. They are often interchangeable for weather and atmosphere.
هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> است (The weather is pleasant). این منظره <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>دلچسب</mark> است (This scenery is delightful/appealing).
Both describe positive experiences.
'Matbu'' describes the agreeable quality of a condition or environment itself. 'Lezzatbakhsh' (pleasure-giving) focuses on the active enjoyment or pleasure derived from an experience. A pleasant atmosphere ('fazā-ye matbu'') can lead to an enjoyable experience ('tajrobe-ye lezzatbakhsh').
فضای <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>اتاق</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> بود (The room's atmosphere was pleasant). <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>صعود</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>به</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>قله</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>لذتبخش</mark> بود (Climbing to the summit was enjoyable).
Pleasant environments are often calm.
'Ārām' means calm, peaceful, or quiet. 'Matbu'' means pleasant or agreeable. While a pleasant atmosphere is often calm, a calm place isn't necessarily pleasant (e.g., a dull, empty room). 'Matbu'' focuses on positive sensory or emotional appeal, while 'ārām' focuses on lack of disturbance.
اینجا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>خیلی</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>آرام</mark> است (It's very calm here). هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> و <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>آرام</mark> است (The weather is pleasant and calm).
It's the direct antonym, making it easy to confuse its opposite meaning.
'Matbu'' means pleasant and agreeable. 'Nākhoshāyand' means unpleasant and disagreeable. They are direct opposites and describe the same categories (weather, atmosphere, feelings) but with contrary qualities.
هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> بود (The weather was pleasant). هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ناخوشایند</mark> بود (The weather was unpleasant).
文型パターン
هوا [adjective] است.
هوا <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> است.
[Noun] + ی + مطبوع
یک روز <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark>.
فضای + [Noun] + مطبوع
فضای <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>خانه</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> بود.
احساس + [Noun] + ی + مطبوع
احساس <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>خوبی</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>و</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوعی</mark> داشتم.
محیط + [Noun] + مطبوع
محیط <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>کار</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>باید</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> باشد.
با + [Noun] + ی + مطبوع
با <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>هوایی</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark>, به پیادهروی رفتیم.
به دلیل + [Noun Phrase] + مطبوع
به دلیل <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>طعم</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark>، همه غذا را دوست داشتند.
چیزی + که + [Noun] + ی + مطبوع + دارد
این <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>کتاب</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>چیزی</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>دارد</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>که</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>آن</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>را</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>بسیار</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>میکند</mark>.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High, especially when discussing weather and pleasant environments.
-
Omitting the Ezafe marker
→
هوا<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>ی</mark> <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>مطبوع</mark>
When 'matbu'' modifies a noun directly, the Ezafe marker '-ye' is usually required. Saying 'hava matbu'' instead of 'hava-ye matbu'' is grammatically incorrect in this context.
-
Using 'matbu'' for intense excitement
→
این فیلم بسیار هیجانانگیز بود.
'Matbu'' means pleasant and agreeable, not exciting or thrilling. For intense emotions or experiences, use words like 'heyan-angiz' (هیجانانگیز - exciting) or 'shokoh-angiz' (شکوهانگیز - magnificent).
-
Confusing with 'khosh'
→
هوا مطبوع است.
While 'khosh' (خوش) means 'good' or 'happy' generally, 'matbu'' specifically refers to sensory pleasantness and agreeableness. 'Hava-ye khosh' is good weather, but 'hava-ye matbu'' suggests a more ideal, comfortable condition.
-
Using 'matbu'' for abstract concepts like justice
→
این قانون عادلانه است.
'Matbu'' is best suited for sensory or environmental pleasantness. Abstract concepts like justice or freedom require different adjectives, such as 'ādelāne' (عادلانه - just) or 'āzādāne' (آزادانه - free).
-
Incorrect pronunciation (stress on first syllable)
→
مَطْبوع (mat-BOO)
The stress falls on the second syllable. Misplacing the stress can make the word difficult to understand. Practice saying 'mat-BOO' to get the rhythm right.
ヒント
Focus on Sensory Experience
Think of 'matbu'' as describing something that feels 'just right' for your senses. This could be the temperature of the air, the aroma of food, the feel of a fabric, or the ambiance of a place. It's about agreeable sensory input.
Master the Ezafe
When 'matbu'' modifies a noun directly (like 'weather'), remember to use the Ezafe marker '-ye'. So, it's 'hava-ye matbu'', not 'hava matbu''. Practice this to sound more natural.
Compare with Synonyms
Understand the subtle differences between 'matbu'', 'delchasb', and 'lezzatbakhsh'. Use 'matbu'' for general pleasantness and comfort, 'delchasb' for something more appealing, and 'lezzatbakhsh' for active enjoyment.
Stress the Second Syllable
Remember to stress the second syllable: mat-BOO. Practicing saying phrases like 'hava-ye matbu'' aloud will help solidify the pronunciation and rhythm.
Listen for Weather Talk
The most frequent place you'll hear 'matbu'' is when people discuss the weather. Pay attention to how native speakers use it in forecasts and casual conversations about the day's conditions.
Visualize a Pleasant Scene
Imagine a perfect picnic day with comfortable weather. Associate the word 'matbu'' with this feeling of sensory comfort and agreeableness to aid recall.
Describe Your Surroundings
Try describing different environments you are in – your room, a cafe, a park – using 'matbu'' if they feel pleasant. This active usage will help embed the word in your active vocabulary.
Predicative Use is Simpler
When 'matbu'' acts as a predicate (e.g., 'The weather is pleasant'), you can often omit the Ezafe: 'Hava matbu' ast.' This is a simpler structure to remember for predicative statements.
Think 'Just Right'
If something feels 'just right' in terms of temperature, comfort, or general appeal, 'matbu'' is likely the word. It conveys a sense of perfect balance and agreeableness.
Appreciate Pleasantness
Persian culture often values pleasant environments and hospitality. Using 'matbu'' reflects this appreciation for agreeable surroundings and experiences.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'mat' (mat) that is so 'boo'-tiful (boo-tiful, sounds like 'bu') and comfortable, you just want to lie on it. That comfortable, beautiful mat makes you feel pleasant and agreeable. So, 'matbu'' sounds like a 'pleasant mat'.
視覚的連想
Picture a perfect sunny day with a gentle breeze, where the sky is a clear, pleasing blue. You are sitting on a comfortable mat outdoors, feeling completely at ease. The word 'matbu'' evokes this idyllic scene of sensory pleasure.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to use 'matbu'' to describe five different things you experience today – the weather, your meal, a piece of music, a room, or even a feeling. Write down the sentences and practice saying them aloud.
語源
The word 'matbu'' (مطبوع) originates from the Arabic root 'ط ب ع' (ṭ-b-ʿ). This root generally relates to imprinting, stamping, forming, or nature/disposition. The passive participle 'maf'ūl' form, like 'matbu'', signifies something that has been acted upon.
元の意味： Literally, 'imprinted,' 'formed,' 'stamped,' or 'having a certain nature/disposition.' In its literal sense, it relates to the act of printing or the inherent nature of something.
Semitic (Arabic)文化的な背景
The word 'matbu'' is generally positive and carries no negative connotations. It is widely applicable and understood across different social strata and regions within Persian-speaking communities.
In English-speaking cultures, similar sentiments are expressed using words like 'pleasant,' 'agreeable,' 'nice,' 'lovely,' or 'delightful.' The context often dictates the best fit, but the underlying appreciation for comfortable and enjoyable surroundings is universal.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Weather discussions
- هوا امروز مطبوع است.
- هوا بهاری و مطبوع بود.
- امیدوارم هوا مطبوع بماند.
Describing environments (homes, cafes, parks)
- اینجا فضای مطبوعی دارد.
- باغچه فضایی مطبوع و آرام داشت.
- محیط کار باید مطبوع باشد.
Talking about sensory experiences (taste, smell)
- طعم غذا مطبوع بود.
- رایحه گلها مطبوع است.
- بوی خوبی داشت و مطبوع بود.
Describing feelings or general well-being
- احساس مطبوعی دارم.
- بعد از استراحت، احساس مطبوعی به من دست داد.
- این حس خوبی و مطبوعی دارد.
Describing scenery or views
- منظرهای مطبوع از کوهستان.
- ساحل منظرهای مطبوع داشت.
- چشمانداز مطبوعی به دریا.
会話のきっかけ
"How was the weather today where you are? Was it pleasant?"
"What makes an atmosphere pleasant for you? What elements are important?"
"Can you describe a time when you experienced very pleasant weather? What did you do?"
"Do you prefer environments that are calm and pleasant, or lively and exciting?"
"What kind of food or drink do you find has a pleasant taste or aroma?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a perfect day for you, focusing on the weather and the overall atmosphere. Use the word 'matbu'' to describe it.
Think about a place you find particularly pleasant. What makes it so agreeable? Use 'matbu'' in your description.
Recall a time you had a pleasant sensory experience (taste, smell, sound, touch). How would you describe it using 'matbu''?
Write about a time when the weather significantly impacted your mood or plans. Was it pleasant or unpleasant?
Imagine you are designing your ideal living space. What elements would contribute to a 'matbu'' environment?
よくある質問
10 問'Matbu'' primarily means pleasant, agreeable, or enjoyable. It's most commonly used to describe weather that is ideal – not too hot, not too cold, with comfortable conditions. However, it can also be used to describe pleasant atmospheres, tastes, or feelings.
Yes, absolutely. While weather is a very common context, 'matbu'' can also describe a pleasant atmosphere in a room ('fazā-ye matbu''), an agreeable taste ('mazze-ye matbu''), a nice smell ('rayhe-ye matbu''), or even a general feeling of comfort ('ehsās-e matbu'').
It is pronounced roughly as 'mat-BOO'. The stress is on the second syllable. The 'a' is like the 'a' in 'father', and the 'u' is like the 'oo' in 'moon'.
'Khosh' (خوش) is a very general term for 'good' or 'happy.' 'Matbu'' is more specific, focusing on sensory pleasantness, agreeableness, and comfort. You might say 'hava-ye khosh' for good weather, but 'hava-ye matbu'' implies a more ideal, comfortable condition.
'Matbu'' is generally considered neutral to slightly formal. It's common in everyday speech, especially for weather, but it's also used in more descriptive or literary contexts. It's not typically considered slang.
As an adjective, 'matbu'' usually follows the noun it describes, often with the Ezafe marker '-ye' (e.g., 'hava-ye matbu'' - pleasant weather). It can also be used predicatively after a verb like 'ast' (is) without the Ezafe (e.g., 'Hava matbu' ast.' - The weather is pleasant).
The most direct opposite is 'nāmatbu'' (نامطبوع), meaning unpleasant or disagreeable. Other antonyms include 'nākhoshāyand' (ناخوشایند - unpleasant) and 'nāgovār' (ناگوار - disagreeable, bitter).
It's less common to use 'matbu'' to directly describe a person's personality, although you might describe the 'atmosphere' a person creates as 'matbu''. Words like 'khosh-akhlaq' (خوشاخلاق - good-mannered) or 'khosh-ru' (خوشرو - pleasant-faced) are more direct for describing people.
Yes, the most common is 'hava-ye matbu'' (هوا-ی مطبوع) for pleasant weather. Other common phrases include 'fazā-ye matbu'' (فضای مطبوع - pleasant atmosphere) and 'ehsās-e matbu'' (احساس مطبوع - pleasant feeling).
The Arabic root 'ṭ-b-ʿ' relates to imprinting, forming, or nature/disposition. This connection suggests that something 'matbu'' is pleasing because it is well-formed or aligns with a natural, agreeable disposition.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The Persian adjective <strong class='text-violet-600 dark:text-violet-400'>مطبوع (matbu')</strong> signifies something that is pleasant, agreeable, and comfortable, most frequently used to describe ideal weather conditions. It extends to pleasant atmospheres, tastes, or feelings, conveying a sense of sensory well-being and 'just right' quality. For example, 'hava-ye matbu'' (هوا-ی مطبوع) means pleasant weather.
- Matbu' means pleasant, agreeable, or enjoyable, especially for weather.
- It describes things that feel comfortable and 'just right' for the senses.
- Commonly used for weather, atmosphere, and sometimes taste or feeling.
- Think of it as conveying a sense of well-being and positive sensory experience.
Focus on Sensory Experience
Think of 'matbu'' as describing something that feels 'just right' for your senses. This could be the temperature of the air, the aroma of food, the feel of a fabric, or the ambiance of a place. It's about agreeable sensory input.
Master the Ezafe
When 'matbu'' modifies a noun directly (like 'weather'), remember to use the Ezafe marker '-ye'. So, it's 'hava-ye matbu'', not 'hava matbu''. Practice this to sound more natural.
Compare with Synonyms
Understand the subtle differences between 'matbu'', 'delchasb', and 'lezzatbakhsh'. Use 'matbu'' for general pleasantness and comfort, 'delchasb' for something more appealing, and 'lezzatbakhsh' for active enjoyment.
Stress the Second Syllable
Remember to stress the second syllable: mat-BOO. Practicing saying phrases like 'hava-ye matbu'' aloud will help solidify the pronunciation and rhythm.
例文
هوای بهاری بسیار مطبوع و دلنشین است.
関連コンテンツ
weatherの関連語
عقب نشینی کردن
B1撤退する。気象フロントまたはシステムが後退する。軍は紛争地域から撤退を余儀なくされた。寒冷前線は南へ後退した。
عقب رفتن
B1後ろへ動く、後退する。車がバックするように後ろへ動いたり、物事が進歩や質において後退したりすることを指します。
عرض جغرافیایی
B1地球の赤道から北または南への場所の角度距離。
آب شدن
B1溶ける。熱によって固体から液体に変わること。
ابهام
B1曖昧さとは、複数の解釈が可能であるという性質のことです。
ابرناکی
B1The state or degree of being cloudy.
ابری شدن
B1空が雲で覆われ、灰色や暗くなります。天気が曇りになります。
ابریشمین
B1絹のような質感や外観を持つ。絹のような。彼女の絹のような (abrishamin) 髪は美しい。
افق
B1水平線（地平線）は空と大地が接する線です。
آفتاب سوختگی
B1日焼け（アプタブ・スクフテギ）とは、太陽光への過剰な曝露によって引き起こされる皮膚の炎症です。赤み、痛み、そして時には水ぶくれを伴います。予防のためには、太陽からの保護が不可欠です。
