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صادر کردن

A2 verb 9分で読める

صادر کردن

sader kardan

練習する例文メモとヒント صادر کردن 30秒で

解説 صادر کردن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'صادر کردن' often, but it's good to know it means 'to send' in a very big, official way. Imagine a big ship carrying boxes from one country to another. That is 'صادر کردن'. You can remember it as 'sending out' goods like carpets or fruit. It is a compound verb, which means it has two parts: 'صادر' and 'کردن'. You only change the 'کردن' part. If you want to say 'I export', you say 'صادر می‌کنم'. But at this level, you will mostly see it in simple sentences about Iran's famous products like 'Iran exports saffron'. It's a useful word to recognize when you look at a map or a book about different countries and their trade. Just remember: it's for countries and big companies, not for sending a letter to your grandma!

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'صادر کردن' to talk about basic trade and official documents. You can describe what your country produces and sells to other countries. For example, 'My country exports cars' (کشور من ماشین صادر می‌کند). You should also know that it is used for official things like passports. If you go to an office and they give you a paper, they 'صادر' that paper. This level requires you to know the past tense 'صادر کرد' and the present tense 'صادر می‌کند'. You should be able to distinguish it from 'وارد کردن' (to import). A good exercise is to make a list of things your country exports and practice saying them with this verb. It helps you sound more professional when talking about work or your home country.

At the B1 level, you can use 'صادر کردن' in more complex sentences with conjunctions and different tenses. You might discuss the reasons why a country exports certain goods, using phrases like 'Because of the good weather, we export many fruits' (به دلیل آب و هوای خوب، ما میوه‌های زیادی صادر می‌کنیم). You should also be comfortable with the passive form 'صادر شدن' (to be issued/exported). For example, 'The visa was issued yesterday' (ویزا دیروز صادر شد). At this stage, you start to see the word in news headlines and can understand the general meaning of economic reports. You should also learn the noun form 'صادرات' and how it's used in sentences like 'The level of exports increased'. This verb is essential for discussing social and economic topics in intermediate Persian conversations.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance of 'صادر کردن' in legal and political contexts. It's not just about goods; it's about 'issuing' statements, decrees, and verdicts. You can use it to talk about international law or government actions. For instance, 'The United Nations issued a resolution' (سازمان ملل یک قطعنامه صادر کرد). You should be able to use the verb in the subjunctive mood to express opinions or hypothetical situations in trade negotiations, like 'If we export more, the economy will improve'. You should also be familiar with collocations like 'صادر کردن پروانه کسب' (issuing a business license). At this level, your vocabulary should include synonyms like 'ارسال کردن' and you should know exactly when to choose 'صادر کردن' over them to maintain the correct formal register.

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At the C1 level, 'صادر کردن' becomes a tool for precise academic and professional expression. You will use it to analyze economic trends, discussing 'export-oriented economies' (اقتصادهای صادرات‌محور) or the 'issuing of credit' (صدور اعتبار). You should understand the historical etymology of the word and how it relates to other words from the same root like 'مصدر' (source) or 'صدر' (top/chest). Your usage should be flawless, including the correct use of prepositions and formal sentence structures. You might encounter the word in classical-style modern prose or high-level legal documents. You should also be able to discuss the metaphorical 'exporting' of culture or ideology, which is a common theme in political science discussions in Persian. Your ability to use the word in the passive, causative, and complex compound forms should be near-native.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'صادر کردن' and all its technical applications. You can use it in highly specialized fields such as international trade law, macroeconomics, or judicial theory. You understand the subtle differences between 'صادر کردن', 'ابلاغ کردن', and 'اعلام کردن' in a legal context. You can write professional reports or deliver speeches on trade policy using this verb and its derivatives with absolute precision. You are also aware of the word's role in Persian literature and how modern writers might use it creatively. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a part of a sophisticated conceptual framework that you use to describe the complex flow of goods, laws, and ideas in the modern world. You can effortlessly switch between its commercial, legal, and metaphorical meanings depending on the audience.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

صادر کردن 30秒で

Used for exporting goods and services internationally.
Used for issuing official documents like visas and passports.
A formal compound verb essential for business and news.
The antonym is 'vared kardan' (to import).

The Persian verb صادر کردن (pronounced as Sāder kardan) is a compound verb that primarily translates to "to export" in an economic context. However, its semantic range extends far beyond the simple movement of goods across borders. At its core, the word is derived from the Arabic root 'S-D-R', which relates to the chest, the front, or the point of origin. In Persian, when combined with the auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/make), it signifies the act of sending something out from a source to a destination. In a commercial sense, it refers to the act of selling and sending domestic products or services to foreign markets. This is a vital term for anyone discussing Iran's economy, which is famous for its diverse range of exports including petroleum, hand-woven carpets, pistachios, and saffron. When you hear this word on the news, it is often in the context of trade balances, international agreements, or economic growth. Beyond trade, صادر کردن is used in administrative and legal settings to mean "to issue." For instance, a government office might issue a passport, or a judge might issue a verdict. This nuance is crucial for learners to understand because while English uses different verbs like 'export', 'issue', or 'release', Persian often utilizes this single versatile compound verb. Understanding the versatility of صادر کردن allows a learner to navigate both a business meeting and a visit to a government office with ease.

Economic Context: This refers to the systematic process of sending domestic goods like oil, gas, and agricultural products to other nations for the purpose of trade and generating foreign currency.

Legal and Administrative Context: In this setting, the verb describes the formal act of an authority figure or institution releasing a document, a decree, or a formal decision to the public or a specific individual.

Cultural Context: Iranians take great pride in the items they export, especially cultural artifacts like Persian rugs. Using this verb often carries a connotation of national productivity and global presence.

ایران سالانه مقدار زیادی زعفران به کشورهای اروپایی صادر می‌کند.

Translation: Iran exports a large amount of saffron to European countries annually.

اداره گذرنامه برای من پاسپورت جدید صادر کرد.

Translation: The passport office issued a new passport for me.

Using صادر کردن correctly requires an understanding of Persian compound verb structures. The verb consists of the non-verbal part 'صادر' and the auxiliary 'کردن'. When conjugating, only the 'کردن' part changes. For example, in the present tense, it becomes 'صادر می‌کنم' (I export), and in the past, 'صادر کردم' (I exported). Because it is a transitive verb, it usually takes a direct object, which is often followed by the post-position 'را' (ra) if the object is definite. For instance, 'ما این کالاها را صادر کردیم' (We exported these goods). In business contexts, you will often find it paired with destination markers like 'به' (to). 'صادر کردن به چین' (Exporting to China). It is also important to note that the subject of the sentence can be a country, a company, or an individual authority. In more formal or bureaucratic sentences, the passive form 'صادر شدن' (to be issued/exported) is frequently used. For example, 'حکم صادر شد' (The verdict was issued). This shift from active to passive is common in news reporting where the focus is on the action rather than the actor. Furthermore, when discussing quantities, the verb is often preceded by adverbs of frequency or amount, such as 'به‌طور گسترده' (extensively) or 'به‌ندرت' (rarely). Mastering the use of this verb involves practicing its conjugation across different tenses and moods, especially the subjunctive mood 'صادر بکنیم' which is used for expressing desires or possibilities in trade negotiations. Learners should also be aware of the noun form 'صادرات' (exports), which is often used in plural form to describe the general concept of a country's outgoing trade. For example, 'صادرات ایران' (Iran's exports). By integrating these grammatical patterns, a speaker can accurately describe complex economic activities and formal procedures in a way that sounds natural to native Persian speakers.

دولت تصمیم دارد نفت بیشتری به هند صادر کند.

Translation: The government intends to export more oil to India.

آیا شما محصولات خود را به خارج از کشور صادر می‌کنید؟

Translation: Do you export your products abroad?

Present Continuous: در حال صادر کردن هستیم (We are currently exporting).

Past Perfect: آن‌ها قبلاً کالاها را صادر کرده بودند (They had already exported the goods).

The environment in which you are most likely to encounter صادر کردن is in the realm of news and media, particularly during segments focused on the economy, international relations, or government policy. In Iran, economic news frequently revolves around the 'non-oil exports' (صادرات غیرنفتی), and the verb is used to describe the success or challenges of these sectors. You will hear newscasters say things like 'میزان صادرات افزایش یافته است' (The level of exports has increased), using the noun form, or 'ایران شروع به صادر کردن گاز به همسایگان خود کرده است' (Iran has started exporting gas to its neighbors). Another very common place is in bureaucratic settings. If you are applying for a visa, a driver's license, or a national ID card, the officials will talk about 'صادر کردن کارت' (issuing the card). In a courtroom or in legal news, the phrase 'صادر کردن حکم' (issuing a verdict or sentence) is ubiquitous. Even in academic settings, a university might 'صادر کردن گواهی' (issue a certificate) for a student. In the business world, during trade fairs or corporate meetings, entrepreneurs discuss their plans to 'صادر کردن' their latest innovations to regional markets. Because Iran has a rich history of craftsmanship, you will also hear this word in cultural documentaries or articles about the global journey of Persian carpets and handicrafts. It is a word that bridges the gap between the hard numbers of economic data and the formal procedures of daily life. Even in casual conversations about the economy, people might lament the high prices of goods by saying 'همه چیز خوب را صادر می‌کنند' (They export all the good things), implying that the best quality products are sent abroad while lower quality ones remain for domestic consumption. This highlights the word's presence in the public consciousness as a symbol of value and international standard.

اخبار اعلام کرد که دادگاه حکم نهایی را صادر کرده است.

Translation: The news announced that the court has issued the final verdict.

شرکت ما سال گذشته ده هزار تن سیمان صادر کرد.

Translation: Our company exported ten thousand tons of cement last year.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning صادر کردن is confusing it with the general verb for "to send," which is فرستادن (ferestādan). While in English you might say "I am sending this package to my friend abroad," you would not use صادر کردن for a personal gift or a simple letter. صادر کردن is strictly for commercial exports or official issuing of documents. Using it for personal mail sounds very strange and overly formal, almost as if you are treating your birthday card like a commercial commodity. Another common error is mixing up the direction of trade. Many students accidentally use صادر کردن when they mean "to import." Remember that 'Sāder' (صادر) comes from the same root as 'Sodour' (صدور - emergence/issuing), meaning it goes *out*. 'Vāred' (وارد) means entering, so وارد کردن is for bringing things *in*. A third mistake involves the grammatical structure of compound verbs. Sometimes learners forget to conjugate the 'kardan' part correctly or separate 'Sāder' too far from 'kardan' in a way that breaks the meaning. Additionally, in the context of "issuing" documents, learners might try to use the verb 'dādan' (to give), but 'صادر کردن' is the correct technical term for the official act of creation and release. Finally, be careful with the object marker 'ra'. If you are exporting "oil" in a general sense, you might say 'نفت صادر می‌کنیم', but if you are referring to a specific shipment, you must say 'این محموله نفت را صادر می‌کنیم'. Misusing the 'ra' can change the nuance from a general statement of trade to a specific business transaction. By paying attention to these distinctions—commercial vs. personal, out vs. in, and technical vs. general—you can avoid the most common pitfalls associated with this high-level vocabulary word.

Incorrect Usage: من یک نامه برای دوستم صادر کردم. (Incorrect: implies you officially issued a letter like a government).

Correct Usage: من یک نامه برای دوستم فرستادم. (Correct: used the general verb 'to send').

To truly master Persian, it is helpful to understand the synonyms and related terms that can be used instead of or alongside صادر کردن. While صادر کردن is the standard term for exporting and issuing, there are several alternatives depending on the register and specific context. For the act of "sending," ارسال کردن (ersāl kardan) is a slightly more formal version of فرستادن and is often used in business correspondence for sending documents or samples. However, it does not carry the economic weight of "exporting." Another related verb is توزیع کردن (towzi' kardan), which means "to distribute." This is used when a product has already entered a country or market and is being spread across different regions. In the legal sense of "issuing" a decree, you might encounter ابلاغ کردن (eblāgh kardan), which means "to notify" or "to formally communicate" a decision. If you are talking about the "release" of a movie or a book, the verb منتشر کردن (montasher kardan) is the correct choice. In the context of producing and then sending out, عرضه کردن (arzeh kardan) means "to supply" or "to offer" to the market. For example, 'محصولات جدید به بازار عرضه شد' (New products were supplied to the market). Understanding these nuances helps a learner choose the most precise word. For instance, while you صادر کردن oil to Japan, you عرضه کردن your new software to the global market. The choice of verb signals your level of proficiency and your understanding of the specific professional field you are discussing. Below is a comparison of these terms to help clarify their distinct roles in the Persian language.

صادر کردن vs. فرستادن: The former is for commercial export or official issuing; the latter is for general sending of objects or messages.

صادر کردن vs. منتشر کردن: The former is for official documents/goods; the latter is for publishing books, news, or media.

صادر کردن vs. عرضه کردن: The former focuses on the cross-border or official nature; the latter focuses on the act of making something available in a market.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The same root 'S-D-R' gives us the word 'Sadr' (Prime/Top), which is why the 'Sadr-e Azam' was the title for a Prime Minister in the Qajar era.

発音ガイド

UK sɒːdeɾ kæɾdæn

US sɑːdeɾ kæɾdæn

The primary stress is on the second syllable of the first word: sā-DER, and the second syllable of the second word: kar-DAN.

韻が合う語

مادر (Māder - mother) چادر (Chādor - tent/veil) قادر (Qāder - capable) نادر (Nāder - rare) بادر (Bāder - early) صادر (Sāder - issuing) وافر (Vāfer - abundant) ماهر (Māher - skilled)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'Sāder' as 'Sader' with a short 'a' like 'cat'.
Putting the stress on the first syllable: SA-der.
Merging the two words into one without a slight pause.
Mispronouncing the 'r' at the end of 'Sāder' as a soft English 'r' instead of a tapped Persian 'r'.
Confusing the spelling with similar sounding words.

難易度

読解 3/5

Common in newspapers, so you'll see it often.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'S' (ص) and 'D' (د) and 'R' (ر).

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to pronounce once you get the long 'ā' right.

リスニング 3/5

Can be confused with 'Sāder' (sincere) if not careful, though the context is usually clear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

کردن کالا کشور فرستادن اداره

次に学ぶ

وارد کردن گمرک تعرفه ارز تولید

上級

تراز تجاری ارزش افزوده اقتصاد مقاومتی تحریم پیمان‌سپاری

知っておくべき文法

Compound Verbs

In 'صادر کردن', only 'کردن' is conjugated (e.g., صادر می‌کنم, صادر کردم).

Transitivity

'صادر کردن' is transitive and requires an object, often marked by 'ra' (e.g., نفت را صادر کرد).

Passive Voice

Replace 'kardan' with 'shodan' to make it passive (e.g., حکم صادر شد).

Subjunctive Mood

Use 'be-' prefix on 'kardan' in the subjunctive (e.g., باید صادر بکنیم).

Noun Formation

The root 'sāder' combined with the suffix '-āt' forms the plural noun 'sāderāt' (exports).

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レベル別の例文

ایران فرش صادر می‌کند.

Iran exports carpets.

Simple present tense: Subject + Object + Verb.

برزیل قهوه صادر می‌کند.

Brazil exports coffee.

The object 'قهوه' (coffee) is used without 'ra' because it is general.

آن‌ها سیب صادر کردند.

They exported apples.

Simple past tense: 'صادر کردند'.

ما نفت صادر می‌کنیم.

We export oil.

First person plural present tense.

آیا شما میوه صادر می‌کنید؟

Do you export fruit?

Question form using 'آیا'.

چین ماشین صادر می‌کند.

China exports cars.

Third person singular present tense.

او پسته صادر کرد.

He exported pistachios.

Third person singular past tense.

ژاپن تکنولوژی صادر می‌کند.

Japan exports technology.

Technology is the abstract object here.

اداره برای من ویزا صادر کرد.

The office issued a visa for me.

Usage of 'صادر کردن' as 'to issue'.

ما باید محصولات بیشتری صادر کنیم.

We must export more products.

Using the modal 'باید' (must) with the subjunctive.

ایران به روسیه گاز صادر می‌کند.

Iran exports gas to Russia.

Using the preposition 'به' (to) for the destination.

شرکت آن‌ها سال گذشته پسته صادر کرد.

Their company exported pistachios last year.

Time expression 'سال گذشته' (last year).

آیا این اداره شناسنامه صادر می‌کند؟

Does this office issue birth certificates?

Asking about an administrative service.

آن‌ها میوه را به اروپا صادر کردند.

They exported the fruit to Europe.

Use of 'ra' because 'the fruit' is a specific object.

ما می‌خواهیم زعفران صادر کنیم.

We want to export saffron.

Verb 'want' followed by the subjunctive 'صادر کنیم'.

این کارخانه قطعات خودرو صادر می‌کند.

This factory exports car parts.

Compound object 'قطعات خودرو' (car parts).

اگر قیمت‌ها پایین بیاید، ما بیشتر صادر می‌کنیم.

If prices go down, we will export more.

Conditional sentence type 1.

ویزای شما هنوز صادر نشده است.

Your visa has not been issued yet.

Passive voice in the negative present perfect.

او در حال صادر کردن فاکتورهای جدید است.

He is currently issuing new invoices.

Present continuous tense 'در حال ... است'.

دولت قانونی برای صادر کردن کالاها وضع کرد.

The government enacted a law for exporting goods.

Infinitivial use of 'صادر کردن' after a preposition.

ما قبلاً تمام کالاها را صادر کرده بودیم.

We had already exported all the goods.

Past perfect tense.

چرا ایران نفت خام صادر می‌کند؟

Why does Iran export crude oil?

Question with 'چرا' (why).

آن‌ها امیدوارند که بتوانند محصولاتشان را صادر کنند.

They hope to be able to export their products.

Complex sentence with nested subjunctive 'بتوانند... صادر کنند'.

حکم دادگاه به زودی صادر خواهد شد.

The court's verdict will be issued soon.

Future tense in the passive voice.

ایران یکی از بزرگترین صادرکنندگان نفت در جهان است.

Iran is one of the largest oil exporters in the world.

Use of the noun 'صادرکننده' (exporter).

بانک مرکزی بیانیه‌ای درباره نرخ ارز صادر کرد.

The central bank issued a statement regarding the exchange rate.

Formal administrative context.

برای صادر کردن این محصول، نیاز به مجوز دارید.

To export this product, you need a permit.

Gerund-like use of the infinitive.

دولت صادرات بنزین را متوقف کرده است.

The government has stopped the export of gasoline.

Use of the noun 'صادرات' as a direct object.

آن‌ها بدون اجازه قانونی کالا صادر می‌کردند.

They were exporting goods without legal permission.

Past continuous tense used for repeated action.

این شرکت به دلیل کیفیت بالا، محصولاتش را صادر می‌کند.

This company exports its products due to high quality.

Causal phrase 'به دلیل' (due to).

پروانه ساخت برای این ساختمان صادر شده است.

The construction permit for this building has been issued.

Passive present perfect.

ما باید استانداردهای جهانی را برای صادر کردن رعایت کنیم.

We must observe global standards for exporting.

Formal verb 'رعایت کردن' (to observe/respect).

تحریم‌ها روند صادر کردن کالا را دشوار کرده است.

Sanctions have made the process of exporting goods difficult.

Abstract noun phrase 'روند صادر کردن' (the process of exporting).

قاضی پس از بررسی شواهد، حکم جلب را صادر کرد.

The judge issued the arrest warrant after examining the evidence.

Technical legal term 'حکم جلب' (arrest warrant).

صادر کردن فرهنگ از طریق هنر امکان‌پذیر است.

Exporting culture through art is possible.

Metaphorical use of 'صادر کردن'.

تراز تجاری کشور با صادر کردن خدمات فنی بهبود یافت.

The country's trade balance improved by exporting technical services.

Economic term 'تراز تجاری' (trade balance).

آن‌ها در حال رایزنی برای صادر کردن محصولات دانش‌بنیان هستند.

They are negotiating to export knowledge-based products.

Advanced term 'دانش‌بنیان' (knowledge-based).

صدور قطعنامه جدید باعث تنش در منطقه شد.

The issuance of a new resolution caused tension in the region.

Using the gerund 'صدور' (issuance).

شرکت‌های خصوصی نقش مهمی در صادر کردن کالاهای غیرنفتی دارند.

Private companies play an important role in exporting non-oil goods.

Complex subject with a prepositional phrase.

او مقاله‌ای در مورد چالش‌های صادر کردن نرم‌افزار نوشت.

He wrote an article about the challenges of exporting software.

Topic-based prepositional phrase.

اتخاذ سیاست‌های تشویقی می‌تواند به صادر کردن کالاهای با ارزش افزوده بالا کمک کند.

Adopting incentive policies can help in exporting high value-added goods.

High-level economic terminology.

دیوان عالی کشور حکم به توقف صادر کردن این محصول داد.

The Supreme Court ordered the cessation of exporting this product.

Complex legal syntax.

صادر کردن اندیشه‌های فلسفی نیازمند ترجمه دقیق متون است.

Exporting philosophical ideas requires accurate translation of texts.

Abstract and philosophical context.

نوسانات ارزی مانع از صادر کردن بهینه کالاها می‌شود.

Currency fluctuations prevent the optimal exporting of goods.

Formal adverb 'بهینه' (optimally).

صدور پروانه بهره‌برداری گامی حیاتی در توسعه صنعتی است.

Issuing an operating license is a vital step in industrial development.

Technical industrial terminology.

تسهیل فرآیند صادر کردن می‌تواند نرخ بیکاری را کاهش دهد.

Facilitating the export process can reduce the unemployment rate.

Causal economic relationship.

این بیانیه به منظور صادر کردن هشداری جدی به طرف مقابل بود.

This statement was intended to issue a serious warning to the other party.

Diplomatic and strategic context.

ارزیابی دقیق بازارهای هدف پیش از صادر کردن الزامی است.

Accurate assessment of target markets before exporting is mandatory.

Business strategy context.

よく使う組み合わせ

صادر کردن نفت

صادر کردن حکم

صادر کردن ویزا

صادر کردن فاکتور

صادر کردن بیانیه

صادر کردن مجوز

صادر کردن گذرنامه

صادر کردن کالا

صادر کردن چک

صادر کردن قطعنامه

よく使うフレーズ

قصد صادر کردن داشتن

— To intend to export something.

ما قصد صادر کردن زعفران داریم.

مشکلات صادر کردن

— Challenges or difficulties in exporting.

مشکلات صادر کردن کالا زیاد است.

هزینه صادر کردن

— The cost of exporting.

هزینه صادر کردن افزایش یافته است.

قانون صادر کردن

— The law regarding exporting or issuing.

قانون صادر کردن کالا تغییر کرد.

اجازه صادر کردن

— Permission to export or issue.

آن‌ها اجازه صادر کردن ندارند.

فرآیند صادر کردن

— The process of exporting or issuing.

فرآیند صادر کردن ویزا طولانی است.

ممنوعیت صادر کردن

— A ban on exporting.

ممنوعیت صادر کردن نفت لغو شد.

رونق صادر کردن

— A boom in exporting.

امسال صادر کردن فرش رونق دارد.

شرکت صادر کردن

— An export company (though 'sherkat-e saderati' is more common).

او در یک شرکت صادر کردن کار می‌کند.

زمان صادر کردن

— The time of issuance or export.

زمان صادر کردن چک مهم است.

よく混同される語

صادر کردن vs فرستادن

Too general; 'Sāder kardan' is for trade/official use.

صادر کردن vs وارد کردن

Means 'to import', the exact opposite.

صادر کردن vs ارسال کردن

Means 'to send/dispatch', often used for mail or digital items.

慣用句と表現

"حکم صادر کردن"

— To judge someone or something (metaphorically).

زود درباره او حکم صادر نکن.

Informal/General

"صادر کردن به جهنم"

— A very rude way to say sending someone away or to their death.

او را به جهنم صادر کردند.

Slang/Aggressive

"فتوا صادر کردن"

— To issue a religious decree, or metaphorically, to give an authoritative opinion.

باز هم برای ما فتوا صادر کردی؟

Informal/Sarcastic

"نسخه صادر کردن"

— To give unsolicited advice (literally: issuing a prescription).

برای زندگی من نسخه صادر نکن.

Informal

"صادر کردن انقلاب"

— Exporting the revolution (a political concept).

آن‌ها می‌خواستند انقلاب را صادر کنند.

Political

"فرمان صادر کردن"

— To boss people around (literally: issuing a command).

فقط نشسته‌ است و فرمان صادر می‌کند.

Informal/Critical

"صادر کردن فرهنگ"

— To spread one's culture abroad.

هنر بهترین راه برای صادر کردن فرهنگ است.

Academic/Cultural

"حکم مرگ صادر کردن"

— To doom something or someone (literally: issuing a death warrant).

این تصمیم حکم مرگ شرکت را صادر کرد.

Metaphorical

"صادر کردن چک بی محل"

— To make empty promises (literally: issuing a bounced check).

او همیشه چک بی محل صادر می‌کند.

Informal/Metaphorical

"صادر کردن مجوز عبور"

— To allow someone to proceed (metaphorically).

رئیس مجوز عبور پروژه را صادر کرد.

Business/Metaphorical

間違えやすい

صادر کردن vs صادر

Looks like 'Sāder' (sincere).

صادر (Sāder) uses 'Sad' and means issuing; سادر (Sāder) is not a common word but 'Sādegh' is. Be careful with spelling.

او فردی صادق است (He is a sincere person) vs او کالا صادر کرد.

صادر کردن vs صدور

It's the noun form of the same verb.

Sodour is the act of issuing; Sāder kardan is the verb 'to issue'.

صدور ویزا زمان‌بر است.

صادر کردن vs مصدر

Same root.

Masdar means 'source' or 'infinitive' in grammar.

مصدر این فعل 'کردن' است.

صادر کردن vs صادره

Used in documents.

Sādereh means 'issued from'.

شناسنامه صادره از تهران.

صادر کردن vs صدر

Same root.

Sadr means 'top' or 'chest'.

او در صدر جدول است.

文型パターン

[Country] [Product] صادر می‌کند.

ایران فرش صادر می‌کند.

[Authority] برای من [Document] صادر کرد.

پلیس برای من گواهینامه صادر کرد.

ما می‌خواهیم [Product] را به [Country] صادر کنیم.

ما می‌خواهیم سیب را به عراق صادر کنیم.

به دلیل [Reason]، [Subject] صادر نمی‌شود.

به دلیل تحریم، نفت صادر نمی‌شود.

فرآیند صادر کردن [Product] نیازمند [Requirement] است.

فرآیند صادر کردن دارو نیازمند مجوز بهداشت است.

حکم [Legal Item] توسط [Authority] صادر گردید.

حکم اعدام توسط دادگاه صادر گردید.

سیاست‌های ناظر بر صادر کردن کالا باید [Adjective] باشد.

سیاست‌های ناظر بر صادر کردن کالا باید شفاف باشد.

صدور [Abstract Noun] راهکاری برای [Goal] است.

صدور اندیشه راهکاری برای دیپلماسی عمومی است.

語族

名詞

صادرات (Exports)

صادرکننده (Exporter)

صدور (Issuance/Exporting)

مصدر (Source/Infinitive)

動詞

صادر شدن (To be exported/issued)

صادر فرمودن (Formal version of kardan)

形容詞

صادراتی (Export-quality/Related to export)

صادر شده (Issued/Exported)

使い方

frequency

Very high in news, medium-high in daily life.

よくある間違い

من نامه صادر کردم. → من نامه فرستادم.
You don't 'issue' a personal letter; you 'send' it.
ایران نفت وارد کرد (when meaning export). → ایران نفت صادر کرد.
Vared is import; Sader is export.
او ویزا را صادر شد. → ویزا صادر شد.
In passive voice, the object becomes the subject and doesn't take 'ra'.
ما سادر کردیم. → ما صادر کردیم.
Wrong letter 'S'. Use 'ص'.
آن‌ها کالا را صادر می‌کنند به چین. → آن‌ها کالا را به چین صادر می‌کنند.
The verb should usually come at the end of the sentence.

ヒント

Compound Verb Conjugation

Remember that only the 'kardan' part changes. Never change 'Sāder'.

Trade Pair

Always learn 'Sāder kardan' and 'Vāred kardan' together as a pair.

Legal Context

When you see 'hukm' (verdict), the verb is almost always 'Sāder kardan'.

The Letter Sad

Make sure to use 'ص' and not 'س'. This is a common spelling test word.

Long A

The 'ā' in Sāder is long and deep. Don't rush it.

Sāderāti Quality

If you see 'Sāderāti' on a product in Iran, it means it's high quality.

Global Trade

Use this verb when discussing Iran's economy and its global relations.

Passport Office

This is the verb to use when asking if your documents are ready.

The Exit

Think of 'Sāder' as 'Starting' its journey 'Out'.

Noun vs Verb

Use 'Sāderāt' for statistics and 'Sāder kardan' for actions.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Sader' as a 'Sender'. They both start with 'S' and involve sending things out to the 'world' (the 'der' part sounds like 'door'—sending things out the door).

視覚的連想

Visualize a giant shipping container leaving a Persian port with 'Sāder' written on the side in purple ink.

Word Web

Trade Economy Passport Visa Verdict Oil Carpet Customs

チャレンジ

Try to find five items in your house that were 'vared' (imported) and imagine how you would 'sader' them back to their origin.

語源

The word 'صادر' is an Arabic active participle from the root 'S-D-R' (ص-د-ر). In Arabic, this root relates to the chest or the front of something. In Persian, it was adopted as part of a compound verb with 'kardan'.

元の意味： Originally, it meant something that comes out from the chest or the heart, or something that emanates from a source.

Semitic root (Arabic) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) grammar.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using the term in political contexts, as 'exporting' ideas can be a sensitive topic in international relations.

In English, we distinguish between 'exporting' and 'issuing', but in Persian, 'صادر کردن' covers both, which can be confusing for learners.

The Export of the Revolution (صدور انقلاب) - Political concept. Non-oil exports (صادرات غیرنفتی) - Economic goal. Issuing the fatwa (صدور فتوا) - Religious/Legal reference.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Business Meeting

ما می‌خواهیم صادر کنیم
هزینه صادر کردن چقدر است؟
شرایط صادر کردن
بازار هدف برای صادر کردن

Passport Office

پاسپورت من کی صادر می‌شود؟
مدارک برای صادر کردن ویزا
هزینه صادر کردن شناسنامه
گواهی صادر شده

Legal/Court

قاضی حکم را صادر کرد
زمان صادر شدن رای
صدور قرار بازداشت
حکم صادر شده

Economic News

میزان صادر کردن نفت
توقف صادر کردن کالا
رشد صادر کردن غیرنفتی
تحریم‌های صادر کردن

General Conversation

چی صادر می‌کنید؟
ایران فرش صادر می‌کند
باید بیشتر صادر کنیم
صادر کردن سخته؟

会話のきっかけ

"آیا می‌دانید ایران چه محصولاتی به کشور شما صادر می‌کند؟"

"به نظر شما صادر کردن کالا مهم‌تر است یا وارد کردن آن؟"

"آیا تا به حال برای گرفتن ویزا به مشکل خورده‌اید؟ چقدر طول کشید تا صادر شود؟"

"اگر یک شرکت داشتید، دوست داشتید چه چیزی صادر کنید؟"

"آیا دولت باید صادر کردن مواد خام را متوقف کند؟"

日記のテーマ

درباره اهمیت صادر کردن کالاهای غیرنفتی برای اقتصاد ایران بنویسید.

تجربه خود را از زمانی که منتظر صادر شدن یک مدرک مهم بودید شرح دهید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک فرهنگ یا سنت از کشور خود را به کل جهان صادر کنید، آن چه بود؟

تفاوت‌های بین صادر کردن کالا و صادر کردن خدمات را توضیح دهید.

چرا صادر کردن فرش ایرانی در جهان با چالش مواجه شده است؟

よくある質問

10 問

No, you should use 'ersāl kardan' (ارسال کردن) or 'ferestādan' (فرستادن). 'Sāder kardan' is for physical goods in trade or official documents like passports.

Yes, it is a formal verb. In casual speech, people still use it for passports or trade because there isn't a slang equivalent for those specific actions.

The past tense is 'Sāder kard' (he/she/it exported). For 'I exported', it is 'Sāder kardam'.

The word for exporter is 'Sāder-konandeh' (صادرکننده).

Not exactly. It means to send out what has been produced. However, in legal contexts, it means to 'produce' a verdict or document.

The opposite is 'Vāred kardan' (وارد کردن), which means to import.

No, 'Sāderāt' is the noun meaning 'exports'. 'Sāder kardan' is the verb meaning 'to export'.

Yes, 'هشدار صادر کردن' (to issue a warning) is a common and correct phrase.

It is used for 'issuing' a fatwa (religious decree), but the word itself is not inherently religious.

Yes, it is standard in Iran, Afghanistan (Dari), and Tajikistan, though some local synonyms may vary.

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