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A2 adjective #7,000 よく出る 11分で読める

कीटाणु रहित

kitanu rahit
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解説 कीटाणु रहित in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just beginning to learn Hindi. The word 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) might seem a bit long, but it is very useful. Think of it as two simple parts: 'कीटाणु' (germs) and 'रहित' (without). At this stage, you should focus on using it in very simple sentences about daily life, like 'The water is germ-free' or 'The milk is germ-free'. You might see this word on labels at the grocery store or in a pharmacy. It is important to know because it helps you understand if something is safe to eat or use. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just remember that if you see 'रहित' at the end of a word, it means 'without' that thing. It is an adjective, so it describes something. You can use it just like you use 'big' or 'small'. For example, 'यह बोतल कीटाणु रहित है' (This bottle is germ-free). Learning this word early will help you feel more confident in shops and hospitals in India.
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At the A2 level, you can start using 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) to give instructions or ask more detailed questions about health and hygiene. You should understand that this word is more specific than just saying 'clean' (साफ़). In your daily routine, you might use it to talk about washing hands or cleaning baby bottles. You can also start using the verb form 'कीटाणु रहित करना' which means 'to make germ-free' or 'to sterilize'. For example, 'दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए उबालें' (Boil the milk to make it germ-free). At this level, you should also be able to recognize the difference between 'रहित' (without) and 'सहित' (with). If a label says 'कीटाणु रहित', it's a good thing! It means the product is safe from bacteria. You will encounter this word in advertisements for soaps and cleaners. Practice saying it slowly to get the retroflex 't' and 'n' sounds right.
As a B1 learner, you should be able to use 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) in professional and semi-formal contexts. You can explain why something needs to be sterile, such as medical equipment or food processing environments. You will likely hear this word in news reports about public health or in school textbooks. You should also be familiar with synonyms like 'कीटाणु मुक्त' (kīṭāṇu mukt) and understand that 'rahit' is slightly more formal. At this stage, you can use the word in more complex sentence structures, such as using it as a requirement: 'शल्य चिकित्सा के लिए उपकरणों का कीटाणु रहित होना आवश्यक है' (It is necessary for instruments to be sterile for surgery). You are also expected to understand the passive voice usage, like 'The area was disinfected' (क्षेत्र को कीटाणु रहित किया गया). This word is essential for anyone planning to work in a medical or scientific field in a Hindi-speaking environment.
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At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) and be able to discuss the scientific processes behind it. You can talk about different methods of sterilization like heating, chemical treatment, or UV radiation and use this term to describe the result. You should also be able to distinguish between 'कीटाणु रहित' and more academic terms like 'निर्जमीकृत' (nirjamīkṛt). You can participate in debates or discussions about public hygiene standards in India and use this vocabulary to express precise ideas. For example, you might discuss the challenges of maintaining a 'कीटाणु रहित वातावरण' (sterile environment) in rural clinics. Your usage should be fluid, and you should be able to use the word in both its literal sense and in slightly more metaphorical or extended contexts if necessary. You should also be able to understand the word when it's spoken at a natural, fast pace in media broadcasts.
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At the C1 level, you should be able to use 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) with full professional competence. You can write technical reports or academic papers in Hindi using this term correctly. You should understand the historical development of such compound words in Hindi and how they have replaced or supplemented traditional Sanskrit or Persian terms. You can use the word to discuss high-level concepts in microbiology, surgery, or food technology. Furthermore, you should be able to appreciate the stylistic choice of using 'rahit' versus 'mukt' or 'shunyak' to create a specific tone in your writing. You can also identify and correct subtle misuses of the term in others' speech or writing. At this level, you should also be aware of the cultural implications of hygiene and how the concept of being 'germ-free' intersects with traditional Indian concepts of purity and pollution, being able to discuss these complexities fluently.
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At the C2 level, you have mastered 'कीटाणु रहित' (kīṭāṇu rahit) to the point where you can use it with the same ease and precision as a highly educated native speaker. You can use the word in creative writing, complex legal documents, or advanced scientific discourse. You understand the deepest etymological roots of 'kiṭāṇu' and 'rahit' and can play with the language to create new compounds if needed. You can analyze the use of this term in political rhetoric or corporate marketing to see how it is used to build trust or create a sense of urgency. Your pronunciation is perfect, including the difficult retroflex consonants. You can effortlessly switch between different registers—from using 'kiṭāṇu rahit' in a formal speech to using 'germ-free' in a casual Hinglish conversation—depending on your audience. You are essentially a master of the vocabulary of hygiene and sterilization in the Hindi language.
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कीटाणु रहित 30秒で

  • कीटाणु रहित means 'sterile' or 'germ-free'.
  • It is a compound of 'kiṭāṇu' (germs) and 'rahit' (without).
  • It is used in medical, scientific, and hygiene contexts.
  • It is more specific and professional than the word 'saaf' (clean).

The Hindi term कीटाणु रहित (kīṭāṇu rahit) is a compound adjective that translates directly to 'sterile' or 'germ-free' in English. To understand this word deeply, one must look at its constituent parts: कीटाणु (kīṭāṇu) meaning 'germs', 'microbes', or 'bacteria', and रहित (rahit) meaning 'without', 'void of', or 'free from'. In the hierarchy of cleanliness in the Hindi language, this word represents the highest tier of hygiene, moving beyond mere visual cleanliness (साफ़-सफ़ाई) to biological purity. It is primarily used in medical, scientific, and high-standard culinary contexts where the presence of even microscopic organisms could be hazardous or undesirable.

Medical Context
In hospitals, any instrument used for surgery must be कीटाणु रहित. This ensures that no infection is passed to the patient during the procedure.

Historically, the concept of being 'without germs' became prominent in the Hindi lexicon as modern medicine and sanitation practices were standardized in India. While traditional terms like शुद्ध (shuddh - pure) were used for ritualistic or physical purity, कीटाणु रहित provides a specific scientific nuance. You will encounter this word on packaging for surgical gloves, milk pasteurization labels, and during health-related news broadcasts. It implies a deliberate process of sterilization, such as boiling, chemical treatment, or radiation, rather than just a simple wash.

अस्पताल में सभी उपकरणों को कीटाणु रहित करना अनिवार्य है। (It is mandatory to make all instruments sterile in the hospital.)

When using this word, it is important to realize that it functions as an attributive or predicative adjective. It describes the state of an object. For instance, if you are talking about water that has been boiled to kill all bacteria, you would call it कीटाणु रहित पानी. In the modern era, especially post-2020, the usage of this term has spiked in public discourse, appearing frequently in advertisements for hand sanitizers, floor cleaners, and air purifiers. It carries a sense of safety and professional-grade hygiene that simpler words like 'clean' do not convey.

Scientific Usage
In laboratory settings, a 'कीटाणु रहित वातावरण' (sterile environment) is essential for culturing specific cells without contamination from outside microbes.

दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए उसे उबाला जाता है। (Milk is boiled to make it germ-free.)

Furthermore, the word reflects a shift in societal values towards health literacy. An average Hindi speaker today understands that 'clean' doesn't always mean 'sterile'. Using कीटाणु रहित shows a level of precision in your speech. If you are a student of Hindi, using this term correctly in a medical or scientific context will significantly elevate your perceived fluency level from basic conversational to professional or academic.

Daily Life Application
When buying baby products, parents often look for the label 'कीटाणु रहित' to ensure the safety of their infants against infections.

क्या यह सुई कीटाणु रहित है? (Is this needle sterile?)

Using कीटाणु रहित (kīṭāṇu rahit) correctly requires understanding its role as a compound adjective. In Hindi, adjectives usually precede the noun they modify, but they can also follow a linking verb to describe a subject. Because it is a compound involving 'रहित', it does not change its form based on the gender or number of the noun it describes. This makes it relatively easy for learners to use compared to adjectives like 'अच्छा' (accha) which change to 'अच्छी' or 'अच्छे'.

Attributive Use (Before Noun)
हमें हमेशा कीटाणु रहित सुइयों का उपयोग करना चाहिए। (We should always use sterile needles.) Here, it directly describes 'सुइयों' (needles).

When you want to describe the process of making something sterile, you combine it with the verb करना (karnā - to do/make). So, कीटाणु रहित करना means 'to sterilize' or 'to disinfect'. This is a common phrase in instructional manuals for medical devices or cleaning agents. For example, 'हाथों को कीटाणु रहित करें' (Disinfect your hands). Conversely, if something has already reached that state, you use the verb होना (honā - to be), as in 'यह सतह कीटाणु रहित है' (This surface is sterile).

ऑपरेशन से पहले डॉक्टर अपने हाथों को कीटाणु रहित करते हैं। (Doctors sterilize their hands before surgery.)

In more formal or technical writing, you might see the word निर्जमीकृत (nirjamīkṛt), which is a highly Sanskritized synonym for sterile. However, कीटाणु रहित is far more common in everyday professional speech and media. It strikes a perfect balance between being technical enough for a doctor's office and simple enough for a TV commercial. If you are writing a report on public health, using this word will convey both clarity and authority.

Predicative Use (After Verb)
प्रयोगशाला का तापमान और वातावरण कीटाणु रहित होना चाहिए। (The temperature and environment of the laboratory should be sterile.)

यह साबुन आपकी त्वचा को कीटाणु रहित बनाने में मदद करता है। (This soap helps in making your skin germ-free.)

Another interesting aspect of this word is its usage in the passive voice or as a requirement. In Hindi, we often say कीटाणु रहित किया गया (was made sterile). For instance, 'पानी को कीटाणु रहित किया गया है' (The water has been disinfected). This is a standard way to report on sanitation efforts in a community. As a learner, mastering the transition from the adjective to the verbal phrase 'कीटाणु रहित करना' is key to functional fluency in topics related to health and safety.

Comparative usage
यह कमरा दूसरे कमरे की तुलना में अधिक कीटाणु रहित है। (This room is more sterile compared to the other room.)

क्या आपने बोतल को कीटाणु रहित कर लिया है? (Have you sterilized the bottle?)

The word कीटाणु रहित (kīṭāṇu rahit) is ubiquitous in specific domains of Indian life. If you turn on an Indian news channel during a health crisis or a documentary about food processing, you will hear it repeatedly. It is the standard term used by news anchors to describe sanitation drives in public places. For example, during the monsoon season when waterborne diseases are common, municipal corporations often announce that they are making the city's water supply कीटाणु रहित through chlorination.

Advertising and Marketing
Advertisements for products like Dettol, Savlon, or various hand sanitizers frequently use this term to claim that their product leaves surfaces 99.9% कीटाणु रहित.

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, this word moved from the hospital to every household. Public service announcements (PSAs) on the radio and television urged citizens to keep their surroundings कीटाणु रहित. You would hear it in Metro stations, airports, and malls. The phrase 'सतह को कीटाणु रहित रखें' (Keep the surface germ-free) became a part of the daily auditory landscape for millions of Hindi speakers. This period solidified the word's place in the common man's vocabulary, whereas previously it might have been seen as slightly more technical.

रेडियो पर विज्ञापन कह रहा था कि यह फिनाइल फर्श को कीटाणु रहित रखता है। (The ad on the radio was saying that this phenyl keeps the floor germ-free.)

Another common place to hear this word is in educational settings—specifically in biology or home science classes. Teachers use it when explaining the importance of hygiene, the process of pasteurization, or the sterilization of medical tools. In these settings, it is often paired with verbs like बनाना (to make) or रखना (to keep). For a student in India, कीटाणु रहित is a keyword they must learn for their exams and practicals.

Hospital Paging and Signage
In large government hospitals (like AIIMS), signs in the Operation Theater (OT) section often read 'कीटाणु रहित क्षेत्र' (Sterile Zone).

डॉक्टर ने नर्स से पूछा, "क्या ये पट्टियाँ कीटाणु रहित हैं?" (The doctor asked the nurse, "Are these bandages sterile?")

Lastly, in the food industry, especially in dairy plants or packaged water factories, the term is used during quality control checks. When a technician says 'बैच कीटाणु रहित है', they are giving the green light that the product is safe for consumption and free from harmful pathogens. Hearing this word in such a professional setting provides a sense of assurance to the consumer about the standards being followed.

Packaging Labels
Look at the back of a pack of baby wipes or a bottle of contact lens solution; you will likely see 'कीटाणु रहित' listed as a feature.

पैकेट पर लिखा था कि अंदर का सामान कीटाणु रहित है। (It was written on the packet that the contents inside are sterile.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners of Hindi make is confusing कीटाणु रहित (kīṭāṇu rahit) with the simple word साफ़ (sāf - clean). While every sterile object is clean, not every clean object is sterile. For example, a table might look 'saaf' because there is no dust on it, but it is not 'kiṭāṇu rahit' unless it has been disinfected. Using 'saaf' in a medical context where 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is required can lead to dangerous misunderstandings. Always remember: 'saaf' is for the eyes, 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is for the microscope.

Mistake 1: Confusing 'Rahit' with 'Sahit'
'रहित' (rahit) means 'without', while 'सहित' (sahit) means 'with'. Saying 'कीटाणु सहित' (kiṭāṇu sahit) would mean 'with germs'—the exact opposite of what you want to say!

Another common error involves the word शुद्ध (shuddh). While 'shuddh' means 'pure', it is often used in a ritualistic or chemical sense (like 'shuddh ghee' or 'shuddh sona' - pure gold). Using 'shuddh' to mean 'sterile' is technically incorrect in a biological sense. If you tell a doctor that the needle is 'shuddh', they might find it an odd choice of words. You must use 'kiṭāṇu rahit' to specify the absence of biological contaminants.

गलत: यह पानी साफ़ है इसलिए यह सुरक्षित है। (Wrong: This water is clean, so it is safe.)
सही: यह पानी कीटाणु रहित है, इसलिए यह पीने के लिए सुरक्षित है। (Right: This water is germ-free, so it is safe for drinking.)

Pronunciation can also be a hurdle. The 'ṭ' in 'kiṭāṇu' is a retroflex sound (tongue curled back), and the 'ṇ' is also retroflex. Many learners substitute these with dental sounds (tongue touching teeth), which can make the word hard to understand for native speakers. Practicing the retroflex 'ṇ' in 'kiṭāṇu' and the 'h' in 'rahit' is essential for sounding natural. Also, ensure you don't drop the 'u' at the end of 'kiṭāṇu'; it is a short vowel but distinct.

Mistake 2: Incorrect Word Order
Do not say 'रहित कीटाणु'. In Hindi, the noun comes first in this specific compound structure ('Noun + rahit'). It's always 'कीटाणु रहित'.

सावधानी: कीटाणु रहित और कीटाणु मुक्त दोनों का अर्थ एक ही है, लेकिन 'रहित' अधिक औपचारिक है। (Caution: 'Kiṭāṇu rahit' and 'Kiṭāṇu mukt' mean the same, but 'rahit' is more formal.)

Lastly, some learners try to pluralize 'rahit' when describing plural nouns. For example, they might say 'rahite' or 'rahiti'. Adjectives ending in 'it' (derived from Sanskrit) generally do not change their ending for gender or number in Hindi. So, whether you are talking about one needle or a thousand needles, it remains कीटाणु रहित. Keeping this consistency in mind will help you avoid common grammatical pitfalls.

Mistake 3: Overusing the term
Don't use 'कीटाणु रहित' for things that don't need biological sterilization, like a clean shirt or a swept floor. Use 'साफ़' (saaf) or 'स्वच्छ' (swacch) instead to avoid sounding overly clinical.

Hindi has a rich vocabulary for cleanliness and purity, and choosing the right word depends on the context. While कीटाणु रहित (kīṭāṇu rahit) is the most precise term for 'sterile', several alternatives exist that overlap in meaning but carry different connotations or registers. Understanding these differences will help you sound more like a native speaker.

कीटाणु मुक्त (Kīṭāṇu Mukt)
This is the closest synonym. 'मुक्त' (mukt) also means 'free from'. While 'rahit' sounds slightly more formal or technical, 'mukt' is very common in advertisements. Example: 'कीटाणु मुक्त घर' (A germ-free home).
निर्जमीकृत (Nirjamīkṛt)
This is a highly formal, Sanskrit-derived word used in medical textbooks or official government documents. It specifically means 'sterilized'. It is rarely used in daily conversation. Example: 'निर्जमीकृत शल्य चिकित्सा उपकरण' (Sterilized surgical instruments).
स्वच्छ (Swacch)
This means 'clean' or 'hygienic' in a general sense. It's the word used in the 'Swacch Bharat Abhiyan' (Clean India Mission). It refers more to the absence of dirt and clutter than the absence of bacteria.
शुद्ध (Shuddh)
Meaning 'pure', this word is used for food, air, and water. It often implies that no additives or pollutants are present. Example: 'शुद्ध हवा' (Pure air).

Comparing these words shows a spectrum of meaning. If you are talking about a spiritual or religious purity, you would use पवित्र (pavitra). If you are talking about a river that looks clear, you might use निर्मल (nirmal). However, the moment you enter a hospital or a laboratory, कीटाणु रहित becomes the indispensable term. It is the only word that specifically targets the biological aspect of cleanliness.

तुलना:
1. यह कमरा साफ़ है। (Visible cleanliness)
2. यह कमरा कीटाणु रहित है। (Microscopic cleanliness)

In some modern contexts, you might also hear the English word 'sanitize' transliterated into Hindi as सैनेटाइज. This is very common in urban areas. However, in formal writing or when speaking to someone who prefers pure Hindi, कीटाणु रहित is the superior choice. It shows a deeper command of the language and respects the linguistic roots of Hindi. As you progress in your Hindi journey, try to use the most specific word possible. Instead of saying 'The water is good', say 'The water is germ-free' (पानी कीटाणु रहित है) to provide more information.

"क्या यह दूध कीटाणु रहित है?" - यह सवाल गुणवत्ता के बारे में है। ("Is this milk germ-free?" - This question is about quality.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'कीटाणु' was created to translate the modern biological concept of 'microbe' using ancient Sanskrit components, as ancient texts did not have a specific word for bacteria in the modern sense.

発音ガイド

UK /kiː.ʈɑː.ɳuː rə.ɦɪt̪/
US /kiː.tɑː.nuː rə.hɪt̪/
The primary stress is on the second syllable of 'कीटाणु' (ṭā) and the first syllable of 'रहित' (ra).
韻が合う語
कीटाणु (Kīṭāṇu) rhymes with अणु (Aṇu - atom), परमाणु (Paramāṇu - molecule). रहित (Rahit) rhymes with सहित (Sahit - with), मोहित (Mohit - charmed), उचित (Uchit - proper), कथित (Kathit - said), व्यथित (Vyathit - pained), रचित (Rachit - composed), अमित (Amit - infinite), विदित (Vidit - known).
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 't' as dental (like in 'thin') instead of retroflex.
  • Pronouncing 'n' as dental (like in 'no') instead of retroflex 'ṇ'.
  • Dropping the 'h' in 'rahit'.
  • Making the 'u' in 'kiṭāṇu' too long like 'oo' in 'food'.
  • Confusing 'rahit' with 'rahat' (relief).

難易度

読解 3/5

The word is long but consists of two recognizable parts. The conjunct 'ṇu' might be tricky for beginners.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of retroflex consonants and the 'it' suffix spelling.

スピーキング 4/5

Pronouncing retroflex 't' and 'n' correctly is a challenge for non-native speakers.

リスニング 3/5

Usually pronounced clearly in formal contexts, making it easier to catch.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

साफ़ (Clean) बीमारी (Illness) पानी (Water) हाथ (Hand) नहीं (No/Not)

次に学ぶ

संक्रमण (Infection) उपकरण (Equipment) प्रक्रिया (Process) अनिवार्य (Mandatory) सुरक्षा (Safety)

上級

निर्जमीकरण (Sterilization) सूक्ष्मजीव (Microorganism) पाश्चुरीकरण (Pasteurization) प्रतिजैविक (Antibiotic) रोगनिरोधक (Prophylactic)

知っておくべき文法

Adjective compounds with 'रहित'

Noun + रहित = Without Noun (e.g., कीटाणु रहित)

Use of 'करना' to create verbs from adjectives

कीटाणु रहित + करना = To sterilize

Use of 'होना' to describe a state

कीटाणु रहित + होना = To be sterile

Passive Voice in formal Hindi

X को कीटाणु रहित किया गया (X was made sterile)

Adjectives ending in 'it' are usually invariant

कीटाणु रहित सुई (f), कीटाणु रहित कमरा (m)

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レベル別の例文

1

यह पानी कीटाणु रहित है।

This water is germ-free.

Subject + Adjective + Verb. 'कीटाणु रहित' describes the water.

2

क्या यह दूध कीटाणु रहित है?

Is this milk germ-free?

Interrogative sentence starting with 'क्या'.

3

यह बोतल कीटाणु रहित है।

This bottle is sterile.

Simple demonstrative sentence.

4

फल कीटाणु रहित नहीं हैं।

The fruits are not germ-free.

Negative sentence using 'नहीं'.

5

हाथों को कीटाणु रहित रखें।

Keep your hands germ-free.

Imperative sentence (command).

6

यह साबुन कीटाणु रहित करता है।

This soap makes things germ-free.

Present simple tense.

7

कीटाणु रहित रुई लाओ।

Bring sterile cotton.

Adjective preceding the noun 'रुई'.

8

खाना कीटाणु रहित होना चाहिए।

Food should be germ-free.

Using 'होना चाहिए' for 'should be'.

1

बच्चे की बोतल को कीटाणु रहित करना ज़रूरी है।

It is necessary to sterilize the baby's bottle.

Infinitive phrase 'कीटाणु रहित करना' as a subject.

2

डॉक्टर कीटाणु रहित दस्ताने पहनते हैं।

Doctors wear sterile gloves.

Plural noun 'दस्ताने' described by 'कीटाणु रहित'.

3

क्या आपने सुई को कीटाणु रहित किया?

Did you sterilize the needle?

Past tense 'किया'.

4

यह स्प्रे सतह को कीटाणु रहित बनाता है।

This spray makes the surface germ-free.

Using 'बनाता है' (makes).

5

हमें कीटाणु रहित वातावरण में रहना चाहिए।

We should live in a germ-free environment.

Prepositional phrase 'में' after the noun.

6

अस्पताल का फर्श कीटाणु रहित है।

The hospital floor is sterile.

Possessive 'का' connecting hospital and floor.

7

कीटाणु रहित पानी पीना सेहत के लिए अच्छा है।

Drinking germ-free water is good for health.

Gerund 'पीना' acting as a noun.

8

बाज़ार में कीटाणु रहित वाइप्स मिलते हैं।

Germ-free wipes are available in the market.

General statement about availability.

1

ऑपरेशन थिएटर को पूरी तरह से कीटाणु रहित रखा जाता है।

The operation theater is kept completely sterile.

Passive voice 'रखा जाता है'.

2

दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने की प्रक्रिया को पाश्चुरीकरण कहते हैं।

The process of making milk germ-free is called pasteurization.

Complex sentence with a defining clause.

3

यदि घाव साफ़ न हो, तो उसे कीटाणु रहित घोल से साफ़ करें।

If the wound is not clean, clean it with a germ-free solution.

Conditional sentence 'यदि...तो'.

4

वैज्ञानिक प्रयोगशाला में कीटाणु रहित बर्तनों का उपयोग करते हैं।

Scientists use sterile vessels in the laboratory.

Subject-Object-Verb structure with adjectives.

5

आजकल कीटाणु रहित उत्पादों की मांग बढ़ गई है।

Nowadays, the demand for germ-free products has increased.

Present perfect tense 'बढ़ गई है'.

6

गंदे पानी को कीटाणु रहित बनाना एक बड़ी चुनौती है।

Making dirty water germ-free is a big challenge.

Verb phrase as a complex subject.

7

क्या यह पट्टी कीटाणु रहित पैकेट में आती है?

Does this bandage come in a sterile packet?

Interrogative with preposition 'में'.

8

सरकार ने सार्वजनिक स्थानों को कीटाणु रहित करने का अभियान चलाया।

The government launched a campaign to disinfect public places.

Compound verb 'अभियान चलाया'.

1

खाद्य सुरक्षा के लिए डिब्बाबंद भोजन को कीटाणु रहित करना अनिवार्य है।

It is mandatory to sterilize canned food for food safety.

Formal requirement structure.

2

पराबैंगनी किरणें हवा को कीटाणु रहित करने में बहुत प्रभावी होती हैं।

Ultraviolet rays are very effective in making the air germ-free.

Scientific description using 'प्रभावी' (effective).

3

प्रयोगशाला में काम करते समय कीटाणु रहित तकनीक का पालन करना चाहिए।

Sterile techniques should be followed while working in the lab.

Adverbial clause 'काम करते समय'.

4

इस मशीन का उपयोग सर्जिकल औजारों को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए किया जाता है।

This machine is used to sterilize surgical tools.

Purpose clause 'के लिए किया जाता है'.

5

बिना कीटाणु रहित किए किसी भी उपकरण का उपयोग करना खतरनाक हो सकता है।

Using any instrument without sterilizing it can be dangerous.

Negative participial phrase 'बिना...किए'.

6

स्वच्छता और कीटाणु रहित होने के बीच के अंतर को समझना महत्वपूर्ण है।

It is important to understand the difference between cleanliness and being sterile.

Noun phrase 'के बीच के अंतर'.

7

कंपनी का दावा है कि उनका नया फिल्टर पानी को 100% कीटाणु रहित बनाता है।

The company claims that their new filter makes water 100% germ-free.

Reported speech using 'कि'.

8

कीटाणु रहित वातावरण विकसित करना अनुसंधान के लिए आवश्यक था।

Developing a sterile environment was necessary for the research.

Past tense 'था' with a gerund subject.

1

सूक्ष्मजीवों के प्रसार को रोकने हेतु संपूर्ण क्षेत्र का कीटाणु रहित होना अपरिहार्य है।

To prevent the spread of microorganisms, it is indispensable for the entire area to be sterile.

Formal Sanskritized vocabulary like 'अपरिहार्य' (indispensable).

2

आधुनिक चिकित्सा पद्धति में कीटाणु रहित उपकरणों के बिना शल्य क्रिया की कल्पना भी नहीं की जा सकती।

In modern medical practice, surgery cannot even be imagined without sterile instruments.

Complex passive structure 'कल्पना नहीं की जा सकती'.

3

किसी भी जैविक प्रयोग की सफलता उसके कीटाणु रहित परिवेश की शुद्धता पर निर्भर करती है।

The success of any biological experiment depends on the purity of its sterile environment.

Abstract noun usage 'शुद्धता पर निर्भर'.

4

जनस्वास्थ्य नीतियों में पेयजल को कीटाणु रहित करने की विधियों पर विशेष बल दिया गया है।

Special emphasis has been placed on methods of disinfecting drinking water in public health policies.

Locative case 'नीतियों में' and passive 'बल दिया गया है'.

5

नैनो-तकनीक के माध्यम से अब सतहों को लंबे समय तक कीटाणु रहित रखना संभव हो गया है।

Through nano-technology, it has now become possible to keep surfaces germ-free for a long time.

Instrumental case 'के माध्यम से'.

6

संक्रमण के खतरों को देखते हुए, कीटाणु रहित मानकों का उल्लंघन दंडनीय अपराध माना जाना चाहिए।

In view of infection risks, violation of sterile standards should be considered a punishable offense.

Modal verb 'जाना चाहिए' with a complex subject.

7

भोजन के प्रसंस्करण के दौरान उसे कीटाणु रहित बनाए रखना एक जटिल तकनीकी प्रक्रिया है।

Maintaining food as germ-free during processing is a complex technical process.

Adverbial phrase 'प्रसंस्करण के दौरान'.

8

महामारी के दौर में 'कीटाणु रहित' शब्द ने जनमानस की शब्दावली में एक स्थाई स्थान बना लिया है।

During the pandemic, the term 'germ-free' has established a permanent place in the public's vocabulary.

Metaphorical usage in a social context.

1

निर्जमीकरण की प्रक्रिया मात्र बाह्य स्वच्छता तक सीमित नहीं है, अपितु यह सूक्ष्मजैविक शून्यता की एक अवस्था है जिसे 'कीटाणु रहित' कहा जाता है।

The process of sterilization is not limited to mere external cleanliness, but is a state of microbial void known as 'germ-free'.

Use of 'अपितु' (but rather) and technical definitions.

2

वैश्विक स्वास्थ्य विमर्श में कीटाणु रहित वातावरण की उपलब्धता को एक मौलिक मानवाधिकार के रूप में देखा जा रहा है।

In global health discourse, the availability of a sterile environment is being seen as a fundamental human right.

Highly formal 'वैश्विक स्वास्थ्य विमर्श' (global health discourse).

3

औद्योगिक स्तर पर कीटाणु रहित करने की विधियों में जो नवाचार हुए हैं, उन्होंने भेषज विज्ञान की दिशा बदल दी है।

The innovations that have occurred in industrial sterilization methods have changed the direction of pharmaceutical science.

Relative clause 'जो...उन्होंने'.

4

किसी भी शल्य-चिकित्सक के लिए कीटाणु रहित क्षेत्र की अखंडता बनाए रखना उसके पेशेवर कौशल की सर्वोच्च परीक्षा है।

For any surgeon, maintaining the integrity of the sterile field is the ultimate test of their professional skill.

Abstract concept 'क्षेत्र की अखंडता' (integrity of the field).

5

कीटाणु रहित होने का वैज्ञानिक दावा अक्सर विपणन की चकाचौंध में अतिरंजित कर दिया जाता है।

The scientific claim of being germ-free is often exaggerated in the glitz of marketing.

Passive construction with 'अतिरंजित' (exaggerated).

6

पर्यावरणीय सूक्ष्मजीव विज्ञान के परिप्रेक्ष्य में, पूर्णतः कीटाणु रहित अवस्था प्रकृति में अत्यंत दुर्लभ है।

In the perspective of environmental microbiology, a completely sterile state is extremely rare in nature.

Academic phrase 'के परिप्रेक्ष्य में' (in the perspective of).

7

तकनीकी शब्दावली का यह विकास दर्शाता है कि कैसे 'कीटाणु रहित' जैसे शब्द सांस्कृतिक चेतना का हिस्सा बन जाते हैं।

This evolution of technical terminology shows how terms like 'germ-free' become part of cultural consciousness.

Reflective academic tone.

8

जैव-प्रौद्योगिकी के क्षेत्र में कीटाणु रहित परिस्थितियों का प्रबंधन ही नवाचार की आधारशिला है।

In the field of biotechnology, the management of sterile conditions is the cornerstone of innovation.

Metaphorical 'आधारशिला' (cornerstone).

類義語

कीटाणु मुक्त निर्जमीकृत जीवाणुहीन स्वच्छ शुद्ध साफ़ संक्रमण मुक्त पवित्र

反対語

कीटाणु युक्त दूषित गंदा संक्रमित

よく使う組み合わせ

कीटाणु रहित पानी
कीटाणु रहित वातावरण
कीटाणु रहित उपकरण
कीटाणु रहित सुई
कीटाणु रहित करना
कीटाणु रहित घोल
पूरी तरह से कीटाणु रहित
कीटाणु रहित तकनीक
कीटाणु रहित पट्टी
कीटाणु रहित साबुन

よく使うフレーズ

कीटाणु रहित क्षेत्र

— A sterile zone where entry is restricted to maintain hygiene.

ऑपरेशन थिएटर एक कीटाणु रहित क्षेत्र है।

कीटाणु रहित दूध

— Milk that has been pasteurized or sterilized for safety.

बच्चों को कीटाणु रहित दूध देना चाहिए।

कीटाणु रहित सतह

— A surface that has been cleaned of all bacteria.

रसोई की सतह को कीटाणु रहित रखें।

कीटाणु रहित वाइप्स

— Disinfectant wipes used for cleaning hands or objects.

यात्रा के दौरान कीटाणु रहित वाइप्स साथ रखें।

कीटाणु रहित बोतल

— A bottle, usually for a baby, that has been sterilized.

दूध की बोतल को कीटाणु रहित कर लो।

कीटाणु रहित रुई

— Sterilized cotton used for medical purposes.

घाव पर कीटाणु रहित रुई का इस्तेमाल करें।

कीटाणु रहित हवा

— Air that has been filtered to remove microbes.

अस्पताल में कीटाणु रहित हवा के लिए एयर प्यूरीफायर हैं।

कीटाणु रहित डिब्बा

— A sterile container or box.

नमूने को कीटाणु रहित डिब्बे में रखें।

कीटाणु रहित दस्ताने

— Sterile gloves worn by medical professionals.

सर्जन ने कीटाणु रहित दस्ताने पहने।

कीटाणु रहित स्थिति

— A state of being sterile.

प्रयोग के लिए कीटाणु रहित स्थिति अनिवार्य है।

よく混同される語

कीटाणु रहित vs कीटाणु सहित

Means 'with germs'. The opposite of 'rahit'.

कीटाणु रहित vs कीटाणु नाशक

Means 'disinfectant' (the thing that kills germs), not the state of being germ-free.

कीटाणु रहित vs साफ़

General cleanliness, not biological sterility.

慣用句と表現

"दूध का धुला होना"

— To be innocent or pure (literally 'washed with milk'). Related to the concept of being germ-free/pure.

वह कोई दूध का धुला नहीं है।

Informal
"साफ़-सुथरा होना"

— To be neat and clean. A general idiom for high hygiene.

उसका घर हमेशा साफ़-सुथरा रहता है।

Neutral
"गंगा जैसा पवित्र"

— As pure as the Ganges. Used for moral or ritual purity.

उसका मन गंगा जैसा पवित्र है।

Literary
"बाल की खाल निकालना"

— To be overly critical or detailed (like looking for germs).

वह हर चीज़ में बाल की खाल निकालता है।

Informal
"कांच की तरह साफ़"

— Clear like glass. Used for transparency or cleanliness.

झील का पानी कांच की तरह साफ़ था।

Descriptive
"आंखों का तारा"

— Apple of one's eye (unrelated to germs, but a common A2 idiom).

वह अपनी माँ की आँखों का तारा है।

Common
"नाक में दम करना"

— To irritate someone (often used when talking about pests/germs).

इन कीटाणुओं ने सबकी नाक में दम कर रखा है।

Informal
"हाथ धोकर पीछे पड़ना"

— To pursue something vigorously (literally 'washing hands and following').

वह नौकरी के पीछे हाथ धोकर पड़ गया है।

Informal
"मिट्टी में मिलाना"

— To destroy (the opposite of keeping something sterile/pure).

उसने मेरी सारी मेहनत मिट्टी में मिला दी।

Informal
"दूध का दूध पानी का पानी"

— To reveal the absolute truth/purity of a situation.

अदालत में दूध का दूध और पानी का पानी हो गया।

Formal/Common

間違えやすい

कीटाणु रहित vs शुद्ध

Both imply a high level of quality.

'Shuddh' refers to chemical or ritual purity, while 'kiṭāṇu rahit' refers specifically to the absence of microbes.

गंगा का जल शुद्ध है, पर क्या वह कीटाणु रहित है?

कीटाणु रहित vs स्वच्छ

Both relate to hygiene.

'Swacch' is a general term for clean/neat, whereas 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is a technical term for sterile.

कमरा स्वच्छ है, लेकिन ऑपरेशन के लिए उसे कीटाणु रहित करना होगा।

कीटाणु रहित vs निर्मल

Both imply clarity/purity.

'Nirmal' is often used for clear water or a pure heart, while 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is used for medical safety.

झरने का निर्मल पानी पीना अच्छा है, पर अस्पताल में कीटाणु रहित पानी चाहिए।

कीटाणु रहित vs पवित्र

Both mean 'pure' in different registers.

'Pavitra' is spiritual/religious; 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is biological/medical.

मंदिर पवित्र है, लेकिन अस्पताल कीटाणु रहित होना चाहिए।

कीटाणु रहित vs दोष रहित

Both use the 'rahit' suffix.

'Dosh rahit' means faultless or without defects, unrelated to germs.

यह मशीन दोष रहित है, लेकिन कीटाणु रहित नहीं।

文型パターン

A1

यह [Noun] कीटाणु रहित है।

यह पानी कीटाणु रहित है।

A2

[Noun] को कीटाणु रहित करो।

बोतल को कीटाणु रहित करो।

B1

[Noun] को कीटाणु रहित करना [Adjective] है।

हाथों को कीटाणु रहित करना ज़रूरी है।

B2

[Noun] को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए [Verb] चाहिए।

दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए उबालना चाहिए।

C1

बिना कीटाणु रहित किए [Noun] का उपयोग [Negative Outcome] हो सकता है।

बिना कीटाणु रहित किए सुई का उपयोग खतरनाक हो सकता है।

C1

[Abstract Noun] की सफलता कीटाणु रहित [Noun] पर निर्भर है।

ऑपरेशन की सफलता कीटाणु रहित वातावरण पर निर्भर है।

C2

[Technical Noun] की प्रक्रिया में कीटाणु रहित [Noun] का प्रबंधन [Complex Verb].

भेषज विज्ञान की प्रक्रिया में कीटाणु रहित परिस्थितियों का प्रबंधन अनिवार्य माना जाता है।

C2

यद्यपि [Clause], तथापि कीटाणु रहित [Noun] का महत्व [Clause].

यद्यपि स्वच्छता के अनेक रूप हैं, तथापि कीटाणु रहित वातावरण का महत्व सर्वोपरि है।

語族

名詞

कीटाणु (Germ)
कीटाणुनाशन (Sterilization)
कीटाणुनाशक (Disinfectant)
रहितता (The state of being without)

動詞

कीटाणु रहित करना (To sterilize)
कीटाणु मारना (To kill germs)

形容詞

कीटाणु रहित (Sterile)
कीटाणु युक्त (Contaminated)
कीटाणुनाशक (Germicidal)

関連

स्वच्छता (Hygiene)
संक्रमण (Infection)
शुद्धता (Purity)
बीमारी (Illness)
स्वास्थ्य (Health)
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使い方

frequency

Common in health, science, and hygiene related discussions.

よくある間違い
  • Using 'saaf' for medical instruments. → Using 'kiṭāṇu rahit'.

    'Saaf' implies a lack of dust; 'kiṭāṇu rahit' implies a lack of bacteria. In surgery, 'saaf' isn't enough.

  • Saying 'kiṭāṇu sahit' when you mean sterile. → Saying 'kiṭāṇu rahit'.

    'Sahit' means 'with', so you are saying the object has germs!

  • Changing the ending to 'rahiti' for feminine nouns. → Keep it as 'rahit'.

    This Sanskrit-derived adjective is invariant and does not change with gender.

  • Using 'pavitra' for a sterile bandage. → Using 'kiṭāṇu rahit'.

    'Pavitra' is for religious purity; 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is for medical sterility.

  • Pronouncing 't' and 'n' as dental sounds. → Pronounce them as retroflex sounds.

    Incorrect pronunciation can make the word sound like a different, non-existent word to native speakers.

ヒント

Invariant Adjective

Remember that 'kiṭāṇu rahit' does not change its ending based on gender or number. This makes it very easy to use once you learn the base form.

Rahit vs Sahit

Always double-check if you mean 'rahit' (without) or 'sahit' (with). Using the wrong one can completely flip your meaning!

Retroflex Sounds

Pay special attention to the 'ṭ' and 'ṇ' in 'kiṭāṇu'. These retroflex sounds are distinct from the English 't' and 'n'.

Medical Accuracy

In a hospital setting, always use 'kiṭāṇu rahit' to ensure clarity about sterilization standards.

Exit Strategy

Associate 'rahit' with 'exit'. The germs must exit for something to be kiṭāṇu rahit.

Suffix Power

Learn 'rahit' as a standalone concept. It will help you understand dozens of other Hindi words instantly.

Modern India

Use this word to discuss modern health and hygiene topics in India, as it shows you are familiar with contemporary vocabulary.

Compound Words

When writing, don't put a space between 'kiṭāṇu' and 'rahit' if you want it to look like a single concept, though a space is often used in modern Hindi.

News Style

Listen to the Hindi news (BBC Hindi or NDTV) to hear the professional intonation of this word.

Parenting Context

If you are talking to an Indian parent about baby care, this word is essential for discussing bottles and toys.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Kitanu' as 'Key to No' (health). You want to be 'Rahit' (Right/Without) them! Kitanu-Rahit = Key to No Germs.

視覚的連想

Imagine a doctor in a white coat holding a glowing, clean needle. The glow represents the state of being 'कीटाणु रहित'.

Word Web

अस्पताल (Hospital) डॉक्टर (Doctor) सफ़ाई (Cleaning) सेहत (Health) बीमारी (Disease) साबुन (Soap) पानी (Water) सुई (Needle)

チャレンジ

Try to find five items in your house that should be 'कीटाणु रहित' and label them in Hindi. Then, explain to a friend in Hindi why they must be 'कीटाणु रहित'.

語源

The word is a 'Tatsama' compound, meaning it is derived directly from Sanskrit roots and used in modern Hindi. 'कीटाणु' comes from 'कीट' (insect/worm) + 'अणु' (atom/minute particle), literally meaning 'microscopic insect'. 'रहित' is a Sanskrit word meaning 'destitute of' or 'free from'.

元の意味： A minute particle of a worm/insect that is absent.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit-derived)

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but ensure you don't confuse ritual purity (pavitra) with biological sterility (kiṭāṇu rahit) in religious settings.

English speakers might just say 'sterile' or 'sanitized'. In Hindi, 'कीटाणु रहित' is the formal equivalent that sounds professional.

Dettol India advertisements frequently use the phrase '99.9% कीटाणुओं से सुरक्षा' (Protection from 99.9% germs). Government health posters during the Polio or COVID campaigns. School textbooks in the 'Swasthya aur Swacchta' (Health and Hygiene) chapters.

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実際の使用場面

At the Doctor's Office

  • क्या यह सुई कीटाणु रहित है?
  • घाव को कीटाणु रहित करें।
  • कीटाणु रहित पट्टी लगाएं।
  • हाथों को कीटाणु रहित रखें।

In the Kitchen

  • दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए उबालें।
  • बोतल कीटाणु रहित होनी चाहिए।
  • सब्जियों को कीटाणु रहित पानी से धोएं।
  • रसोई को कीटाणु रहित रखें।

Shopping for Cleaners

  • क्या यह स्प्रे कीटाणु रहित करता है?
  • मुझे कीटाणु रहित वाइप्स चाहिए।
  • यह साबुन कीटाणु रहित है।
  • क्या यह कीटाणु रहित करने वाला घोल है?

Science Class

  • कीटाणु रहित वातावरण क्या होता है?
  • बर्तनों को कीटाणु रहित कैसे करें?
  • कीटाणु रहित करने की विधियां।
  • प्रयोगशाला कीटाणु रहित है।

Public Health Announcement

  • शहर के पानी को कीटाणु रहित किया गया है।
  • सार्वजनिक स्थानों को कीटाणु रहित रखें।
  • कीटाणु रहित रहने के लाभ।
  • कीटाणु रहित अभियान में जुड़ें।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपको लगता है कि आजकल हम स्वच्छता के लिए बहुत ज़्यादा 'कीटाणु रहित' उत्पादों का उपयोग कर रहे हैं?"

"अस्पताल में कौन-कौन सी चीज़ें कीटाणु रहित होनी चाहिए?"

"आप अपने घर को कीटाणु रहित रखने के लिए क्या करते हैं?"

"क्या आपने कभी कीटाणु रहित करने की वैज्ञानिक प्रक्रिया के बारे में पढ़ा है?"

"क्या आपको लगता है कि कीटाणु रहित पानी पीना हमेशा ज़रूरी है?"

日記のテーマ

आज मैंने अपने घर को कीटाणु रहित बनाने के लिए क्या-क्या किया? विस्तार से लिखें।

अस्पताल की यात्रा के दौरान मैंने 'कीटाणु रहित' शब्द का उपयोग कहाँ-कहाँ देखा?

स्वच्छता और 'कीटाणु रहित' होने में क्या अंतर है? अपने शब्दों में स्पष्ट करें।

यदि दुनिया से सारे कीटाणु रहित उत्पाद गायब हो जाएं, तो क्या होगा?

एक विज्ञापन लिखें जिसमें आप एक 'कीटाणु रहित' साबुन बेच रहे हों।

よくある質問

10 問

'Saaf' means visually clean (no dust or dirt). 'Kiṭāṇu rahit' means biologically sterile (no bacteria or viruses). You can have a 'saaf' table that is still full of germs.

Yes, it is considered formal and professional. In very casual speech, people might say 'germ-free' or just 'saaf', but 'kiṭāṇu rahit' is the correct term for medical or scientific contexts.

Yes, especially for items like milk (pasteurized) or water that has been boiled or filtered to remove pathogens.

You use the phrase 'कीटाणु रहित करना' (kiṭāṇu rahit karnā).

'Rahit' is a Sanskrit-derived suffix that means 'without' or 'free from'. It is used in many Hindi words like 'chini-rahit' (sugar-free).

Yes, 'kiṭāṇu mukt' and 'kiṭāṇu rahit' are synonyms. 'Mukt' also means 'free from'. 'Rahit' sounds slightly more formal.

Don't use it for things that don't involve germs, like a clean shirt or a clear sky. Use 'saaf' or 'swacch' instead.

It can be, because of the retroflex 't' and 'n'. Practice by curling your tongue back. It's a key sound in many Hindi words.

No, you don't call a person 'kiṭāṇu rahit'. You would say they are 'healthy' (swasth) or 'infection-free' (sankraman mukt).

Very frequently! Advertisements for soaps, hand sanitizers, and floor cleaners use this term to build trust with customers.

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自分をテスト 200 問

writing

Write a sentence in Hindi about why doctors use sterile needles.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Describe in one sentence how to make water germ-free.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a short advertisement slogan for a 'germ-free' soap in Hindi.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'The operation theater must be sterile.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Explain the difference between 'saaf' and 'kiṭāṇu rahit' in Hindi.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write a sentence using 'कीटाणु रहित' in a kitchen context.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

How would you ask if a milk packet is sterile in Hindi?

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a formal sentence about a government hygiene campaign.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Use 'कीटाणु रहित वातावरण' in a sentence about science.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Keep your hands germ-free during travel.'

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence using the verb form 'कीटाणु रहित करना'.

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writing

Describe a sterile zone in a hospital.

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writing

Write a sentence about baby safety using 'कीटाणु रहित'.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'Is this bandage sterile?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence about UV light and sterilization.

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writing

Use 'कीटाणु रहित' in a sentence about drinking water.

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writing

Translate: 'All instruments were disinfected.'

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a sentence about laboratory safety.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'The laboratory is a germ-free place.'

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write a complex sentence about hygiene standards.

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正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Pronounce 'कीटाणु रहित' clearly.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'This water is germ-free' in Hindi.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Ask 'Is this needle sterile?' in Hindi.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Tell someone to keep their hands germ-free.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Sterilize the bottle' in Hindi.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Explain that the hospital is sterile.

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'I need germ-free wipes' in Hindi.

Read this aloud:

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say 'The milk is boiled to make it germ-free.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Ask 'Where can I find sterile cotton?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Scientists use sterile tools.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'This soap makes the skin germ-free.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The operation theater must be sterile.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Don't use the needle without sterilizing it.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The water supply was disinfected.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'We should live in a germ-free environment.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The surfaces are completely germ-free.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'Is the laboratory environment sterile?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'It is mandatory to keep the kitchen germ-free.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'The government launched a disinfection campaign.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say 'This spray is very effective.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen to: 'बोतल को कीटाणु रहित करें।' What should be done to the bottle?

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listening

Listen to: 'क्या यह सुई कीटाणु रहित है?' What object is being discussed?

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listening

Listen to: 'अस्पताल में कीटाणु रहित उपकरणों का उपयोग होता है।' Where is this happening?

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listening

Listen to: 'हाथों को कीटाणु रहित रखें।' What body part is mentioned?

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listening

Listen to: 'पानी अब कीटाणु रहित है।' Is the water safe now?

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listening

Listen to: 'ऑपरेशन थिएटर कीटाणु रहित होना चाहिए।' What is the requirement for the OT?

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listening

Listen to: 'कीटाणु रहित रुई लाओ।' What kind of cotton is needed?

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listening

Listen to: 'दूध को कीटाणु रहित करने के लिए उबालें।' What is the instruction?

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listening

Listen to: 'यह साबुन हाथों को कीटाणु रहित बनाता है।' What makes the hands germ-free?

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listening

Listen to: 'प्रयोगशाला कीटाणु रहित है।' Is the lab clean?

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listening

Listen to: 'क्या आपने उपकरणों को कीटाणु रहित किया?' What is the person checking?

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listening

Listen to: 'कीटाणु रहित क्षेत्र में प्रवेश वर्जित है।' Can you enter the zone?

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listening

Listen to: 'घाव को कीटाणु रहित घोल से धोएं।' How should the wound be washed?

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listening

Listen to: 'यह पट्टी कीटाणु रहित है।' Is the bandage sterile?

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listening

Listen to: 'हवा को कीटाणु रहित करना ज़रूरी है।' What needs to be made germ-free?

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/ 200 correct

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