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Ordinal Numbers (Birinci, İkinci)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

To turn a number into an ordinal (1st, 2nd), add the suffix -ıncı/-inci/-uncu/-üncü based on vowel harmony.

  • If the last vowel is a, ı, add -ıncı (e.g., 6 -> altıncı).
  • If the last vowel is e, ə, i, add -inci (e.g., 1 -> birinci).
  • If the last vowel is o, u, add -uncu (e.g., 2 -> ikinci - wait, 2 is special!).
Number + (-ıncı/-inci/-uncu/-üncü) = Ordinal

Ordinal Suffix Table

Number Cardinal Suffix Ordinal
1
Bir
-inci
Birinci
2
İki
-nci
İkinci
3
Üç
-üncü
Üçüncü
4
Dörd
-üncü
Dördüncü
5
Beş
-inci
Beşinci
6
Altı
-ncı
Altıncı

Abbreviated Ordinals

Number Abbreviation
1st
1-ci
2nd
2-ci
3rd
3-cü

Meanings

Ordinal numbers indicate the position of an item in a sequence or order.

1

Sequence

Defining rank or order in a list.

“Birinci ev”

“İkinci mərtəbə”

Reference Table

Reference table for Ordinal Numbers (Birinci, İkinci)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Number + Suffix
Birinci
Question
Number + Suffix + mi?
Birinci mi?
Negative
Not applicable
N/A
Plural
Number + Suffix + lar
Birincilər

フォーマル度スペクトル

フォーマル
Birinci şəxs.

Birinci şəxs. (General)

ニュートラル
Birinci adam.

Birinci adam. (General)

カジュアル
Birinci adam.

Birinci adam. (General)

スラング
Birinci.

Birinci. (General)

Vowel Harmony Groups

Suffix

a, ı

  • -ıncı 1st group

e, ə, i

  • -inci 2nd group
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レベル別の例文

1

Bu birinci evdir.

This is the first house.

2

İkinci otaq buradadır.

The second room is here.

3

Üçüncü gün gəl.

Come on the third day.

4

Dördüncü mərtəbə.

Fourth floor.

1

Beşinci dərs çətindir.

The fifth lesson is difficult.

2

Altıncı adam gəldi.

The sixth person arrived.

3

Yeddinci sıra boşdur.

The seventh row is empty.

4

Səkkizinci gün.

The eighth day.

1

Doqquzuncu cəhd uğurlu oldu.

The ninth attempt was successful.

2

Onuncu sinif şagirdləri.

Tenth-grade students.

3

On birinci məsələ.

The eleventh issue.

4

İyirminci əsr.

The twentieth century.

1

Otuzuncu ildönümü qeyd edildi.

The thirtieth anniversary was celebrated.

2

Qırxıncı maddəyə baxın.

Look at the fortieth article.

3

Əllinci dəfə deyirəm.

I am saying it for the fiftieth time.

4

Altmışıncı illər.

The sixties.

1

Yetmişinci paralel üzərində.

On the seventieth parallel.

2

Səksəninci sual cavablandırıldı.

The eightieth question was answered.

3

Doxsanıncı qapını döydü.

He knocked on the ninetieth door.

4

Yüzüncü il tamamlandı.

The hundredth year was completed.

1

Mininci dəfə xəbərdarlıq edirəm.

I am warning you for the thousandth time.

2

Milyonuncu istifadəçi qeydiyyatdan keçdi.

The millionth user registered.

3

Milyardıncı atom parçalandı.

The billionth atom was split.

4

Sonsuzuncu dəfə təkrarlandı.

It was repeated for the umpteenth time.

間違えやすい

Ordinal Numbers (Birinci, İkinci) 対 Cardinal vs Ordinal

Learners use 'bir' instead of 'birinci'.

よくある間違い

✗

biruncu

✓

birinci

Vowel harmony error.
✗

ikinci

✓

ikinci

Actually correct, but often confused with -uncu.
✗

üçıncı

✓

üçüncü

Vowel harmony error.
✗

dördıncı

✓

dördüncü

Vowel harmony error.
✗

beşuncu

✓

beşinci

Incorrect suffix choice.
✗

altıncı

✓

altıncı

Correct, but often misspelled.
✗

yeddinci

✓

yeddinci

Correct.
✗

onuncu

✓

onuncu

Correct.
✗

iyirminci

✓

iyirminci

Correct.
✗

otuzuncu

✓

otuzuncu

Correct.
✗

yüzüncü

✓

yüzüncü

Correct.
✗

mininci

✓

mininci

Correct.
✗

milyonuncu

✓

milyonuncu

Correct.
✗

milyardıncı

✓

milyardıncı

Correct.

文型パターン

Bu ___ evdir.

Real World Usage

Apartment constant

Üçüncü mərtəbə

Dates very common

Birinci may

School very common

Birinci sinif

Racing occasional

Birinci yer

Books common

İkinci fəsil

Food common

Birinci yemək

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Vowel Harmony

Always look at the last vowel!

Smart Tips

Use the hyphen for abbreviations.

1ci → 1-ci

発音

bir-in-ci

Vowel Harmony

The suffix vowel must match the root vowel.

Statement

Bu birinci ↘

Neutral declaration

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'inci' as 'in the sequence'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a race where the winner has an 'inci' medal around their neck.

Rhyme

Birinci, ikinci, üçüncüyə bax, sayları öyrən, qorxunu burax!

Story

Ali was the first (birinci) to arrive. Veli was the second (ikinci). They waited for the third (üçüncü) friend.

Word Web

SıraNömrəBirinciİkinciÜçüncüSıralama

チャレンジ

Count the first 10 items in your room using Azerbaijani ordinals.

文化メモ

Ordinals are used heavily in apartment numbering.

Turkic suffixation system.

会話のきっかけ

“

Sənin evinin nömrəsi neçədir?

日記のテーマ

Describe your daily routine using ordinals.

よくある間違い

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

Incorrect

正解

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank

Bu ___ (1st) evdir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: birinci
Correct suffix.
Choose the correct form 選択問題

2nd in Azerbaijani is:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ikinci
Correct form.
Fix the error Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Dördıncı (4th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dördüncü
Harmony check.
Order the words Sentence Building

evdir / birinci / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu birinci evdir
Word order.
Match Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Birinci - İkinci
Correct match.
Fill in the blank

Beş ___ (5th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: inci
Harmony.
Choose 選択問題

Altı ___ (6th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ncı
Harmony.
Fix Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Üçıncı

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Üçüncü
Harmony.

Score: /8

練習問題

8 exercises
Fill in the blank

Bu ___ (1st) evdir.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: birinci
Correct suffix.
Choose the correct form 選択問題

2nd in Azerbaijani is:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ikinci
Correct form.
Fix the error Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Dördıncı (4th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dördüncü
Harmony check.
Order the words Sentence Building

evdir / birinci / bu

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bu birinci evdir
Word order.
Match Match Pairs

1st - 2nd

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Birinci - İkinci
Correct match.
Fill in the blank

Beş ___ (5th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: inci
Harmony.
Choose 選択問題

Altı ___ (6th)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ncı
Harmony.
Fix Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Üçıncı

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Üçüncü
Harmony.

Score: /8

よくある質問 (8)

Use `birinci`.

The suffix still applies.

Only `bir` and `iki` are slightly irregular.

Yes, `1-ci` is common.

It is used in all registers.

Because of vowel harmony.

Yes.

No, it's very logical.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

English low

-th

Azerbaijani is more regular.

Spanish low

primero/segundo

Azerbaijani has no gender.

German low

-te/-ste

Vowel harmony is unique to Turkic.

Japanese low

banme

Agglutination vs particles.

Arabic unknown

tartib

Root-based vs suffix-based.

Chinese unknown

di-

Prefix vs suffix.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Related Grammar Rules

A0

Numbers 1-10 (Bir, İki, Üç)
A1

Numbers 11-100
A1

Expressing Age (Yaşım var)
A1

Collective Numbers (İkimiz)
A1

Fractions (Yarım, Dörddə bir)
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