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सामूहिकतः

B1 adverb 10分で読める

सामूहिकतः

samuhiktah

練習する例文メモとヒント सामूहिकतः 30秒で

解説 सामूहिकतः in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn how people do things together. You might know the word 'saath' (with) or 'milkar' (together). The word 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah) is a bit advanced for A1 because it is very formal. Think of it as a 'fancy' way to say 'together.' While you won't need to say it often, you might see it in a simple news headline or a poster about a community event. It comes from the word 'samuh,' which means a 'group.' So, if you see 'samuh,' just remember it's about more than one person. For now, focus on understanding that it means 'as a group' and don't worry about using it in your daily conversations yet. Just try to recognize the 'samuh' part of the word!

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to understand more formal settings. You might be learning about work, school, or community activities. 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah) is an adverb that describes how a group does something. For example, if a whole class decides to help a teacher, they are acting 'collectively.' You can start to recognize this word in short articles or formal letters. It's different from 'milkar' because 'milkar' is what you do with friends, but 'samuhiktah' is what a committee or a team does in an official way. Notice the ending '-tah'; it works like the '-ly' in 'collectively.' If you can recognize this word, you are moving toward a more professional level of Hindi.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to understand and occasionally use 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah) in formal contexts. This is the level where you move beyond basic daily needs and start talking about opinions, events, and professional topics. You will encounter this word in news reports, office meetings, or when reading about social issues. It is important to distinguish it from the adjective 'samuhik' (collective). Use 'samuhik' to describe a noun (e.g., collective effort) and 'samuhiktah' to describe the action (e.g., they worked collectively). Mastery of this word shows that you can distinguish between different levels of formality in Hindi, which is a key skill at the B1 level. Try using it when writing a formal email or a short essay about teamwork.

At the B2 level, you are expected to have a good command of formal Hindi vocabulary. 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah) should be a regular part of your academic or professional lexicon. You should understand its Sanskrit roots and how the '-tah' suffix functions to create adverbs of manner. You will see this word used in complex sentences in editorials or legal documents. At this stage, you should also be able to compare it with synonyms like 'sanyukt roop se' or 'ekjut hokar' and choose the one that fits the register best. For instance, you would use 'samuhiktah' in a report about a group's decision-making process to imply a unified, structured approach. Your ability to use such high-register adverbs correctly will make your spoken and written Hindi sound much more sophisticated and precise.

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For C1 learners, 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah) is a tool for nuanced expression in high-level discourse. You should be comfortable using it in spontaneous speech during debates, presentations, or complex negotiations. At this level, you understand not just the meaning, but the cultural and philosophical weight the word carries in Indian collectivist thought. You can use it to discuss abstract concepts like 'collective responsibility' (सामूहिक उत्तरदायित्व) or 'collective consciousness' (सामूहिक चेतना) with precision. You should also be able to identify its use in classical and modern literature, where it might be used to create a specific formal tone. Your usage should be flawless, avoiding any confusion with simpler synonyms, and you should be able to explain the grammatical structure to lower-level learners if needed.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native or native-like grasp of the word 'सामूहिकतः' (samuhiktah). You use it effortlessly in the most formal settings, such as legal drafting, high-level diplomacy, or philosophical writing. You are aware of the subtle stylistic differences between this word and other Sanskrit-derived adverbs. You can appreciate the rhythmic quality it adds to a sentence and use it to maintain a consistent high register throughout a long discourse. You understand the historical evolution of such terms in Hindi and how they contribute to the 'Sanskritization' of formal language. In your hands, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a precise instrument for conveying complex ideas about group dynamics and institutional actions in the most elegant way possible.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

सामूहिकतः 30秒で

A formal adverb meaning 'collectively' or 'as a group.'
Derived from 'Samuh' (group) with the Sanskrit suffix '-tah.'
Common in news, legal documents, and professional writing.
Emphasizes unified action rather than just being together.

The word सामूहिकतः (Sāmūhiktah) is a sophisticated Hindi adverb that translates to 'collectively,' 'as a group,' or 'jointly.' It originates from the Sanskrit root 'Samuh' (समूह), meaning a group or assembly, which is then transformed into the adjective 'Samuhik' (collective), and finally, the adverbial form is created by adding the Sanskrit suffix '-tah' (-तः). This suffix is a powerful linguistic tool in Hindi that indicates manner, cause, or origin, effectively turning an adjective into an adverb of manner. In the context of modern Hindi, this word is considered high-register and is frequently encountered in formal writing, legal documents, academic discourse, and news reporting. It suggests a sense of unity and shared responsibility that goes beyond the simple colloquial term 'milkar' (together). When you use सामूहिकतः, you are emphasizing that an action was performed not just by a collection of individuals, but by a cohesive entity acting with a single purpose or shared intent.

Grammatical Essence: It functions as an adverb of manner, modifying verbs to show that the action was performed by a group in a unified way. Unlike 'saath mein', which can imply physical proximity, सामूहिकतः implies institutional or conceptual unity.
Register and Tone: This is a formal word. You would use it in a board meeting, a research paper, or a formal speech. In casual conversation, a Hindi speaker might prefer 'sabne milkar' (everyone together), but सामूहिकतः adds a layer of professionalism and precision.
Sociological Significance: In Indian society, collectivism is a core value. This word encapsulates the spirit of community action, whether it is a village council making a decision or a nation facing a crisis. It reflects the philosophy that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

ग्रामीणों ने सामूहिकतः इस समस्या का समाधान निकाला। (The villagers collectively found a solution to this problem.)

Understanding the nuances of सामूहिकतः requires looking at its environmental context. Imagine a situation where a group of employees decides to protest. If they just stand together, they are 'saath khade hain.' But if they issue a formal statement as a unified body, they have acted सामूहिकतः. The word implies a structured collaboration. It is also common in legal contexts, such as 'collective responsibility' (सामूहिक उत्तरदायित्व), where the adverbial form helps describe how that responsibility is held. Furthermore, the use of the '-tah' suffix is a hallmark of 'Shuddh Hindi' (pure Hindi), which draws heavily from Sanskrit. This makes the word particularly useful for students aiming for B2 or C1 proficiency, as it demonstrates a command over complex morphological structures. In academic writing, you might see it used to describe data trends, such as 'The results were analyzed collectively' (परिणामों का सामूहिकतः विश्लेषण किया गया). This level of precision is what separates a basic learner from an advanced speaker.

हमें इस वैश्विक संकट का सामना सामूहिकतः करना होगा। (We must face this global crisis collectively.)

Using सामूहिकतः correctly involves understanding its placement in a sentence and the specific verbs it typically modifies. As an adverb, it usually precedes the verb or the verbal phrase. Because it is a formal word, it pairs well with formal verbs like 'निर्णय लेना' (to take a decision), 'प्रयास करना' (to make an effort), or 'विचार करना' (to consider). In this section, we will explore the syntactic patterns that make this word flow naturally in Hindi.

Subject-Adverb-Verb Pattern: The most common structure is [Subject] + [सामूहिकतः] + [Verb]. For example: 'समिति ने सामूहिकतः निर्णय लिया' (The committee collectively took a decision). Here, the adverb provides the 'how' of the action.
With Compound Verbs: When using compound verbs like 'काम करना' (to work), the adverb often sits right before the first part of the compound: 'वे सामूहिकतः काम करते हैं' (They work collectively).

छात्रों ने सामूहिकतः विरोध प्रदर्शन किया। (The students collectively held a protest demonstration.)

One of the key nuances of सामूहिकतः is that it can also appear at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis. This is particularly common in journalism or formal speeches to set the tone of unity from the outset. For example, 'सामूहिकतः, हम जीत सकते हैं' (Collectively, we can win). However, in standard prose, it is more often embedded within the sentence. It is also important to distinguish it from the adjective 'सामूहिक'. While 'सामूहिक निर्णय' means 'a collective decision' (adjective + noun), 'सामूहिकतः निर्णय लिया' means 'decided collectively' (adverb + verb). Beginners often confuse these two, but as a B1 learner, mastering this distinction is crucial for grammatical accuracy. Another interesting usage is in the passive voice, which is common in formal Hindi. 'यह कार्य सामूहिकतः किया गया' (This work was done collectively). Here, the focus is on the method of the action rather than the actors themselves.

वैज्ञानिकों ने सामूहिकतः नए शोध पत्र प्रकाशित किए। (The scientists collectively published new research papers.)

While सामूहिकतः might not be the word you hear at a grocery store, it is ubiquitous in specific professional and public domains. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word when you encounter it in the wild. It is a staple of 'Samachar' (news) and 'Rajneeti' (politics). When a group of political parties forms an alliance, their actions are often described using this term. Similarly, in the world of 'Arthashastra' (economics), collective bargaining or group investments are described as actions taken सामूहिकतः.

News Media: News anchors often use this word when reporting on UN resolutions or international agreements. 'G20 देशों ने सामूहिकतः जलवायु परिवर्तन पर चर्चा की' (G20 countries collectively discussed climate change).
Corporate and Legal Environments: In contracts or company policies, the term defines how a board of directors or a team must act. It clarifies that a decision isn't valid unless made by the group as a whole.

न्यायालय ने सामूहिकतः सजा सुनाने का आदेश दिया। (The court ordered the sentencing to be delivered collectively.)

Beyond formal news, you will find this word in the preambles of social movements. If you attend a seminar on social justice or environmental activism in India, speakers will emphasize that change can only happen if people act सामूहिकतः. It carries a moral weight, suggesting that individual effort is insufficient for large-scale societal transformation. In literature, particularly in modern Hindi essays (Nibandh), authors use this word to contrast individualistic Western tendencies with the traditional collective spirit of Indian society. You might also hear it in academic settings, such as during a university lecture on sociology or history, where the lecturer describes how ancient civilizations functioned. The word serves as a bridge between the abstract concept of a 'group' and the concrete action of 'doing.' Recognizing this word in these contexts will significantly boost your comprehension of formal Hindi media, which often feels daunting to B1 learners due to its specialized vocabulary.

पड़ोसियों ने सामूहिकतः पार्क की सफाई की। (The neighbors collectively cleaned the park.)

Even for intermediate learners, सामूहिकतः can be tricky. The most common error is confusing it with its adjective counterpart, 'सामूहिक' (Samuhik). Remember: सामूहिक describes a thing (a collective effort), while सामूहिकतः describes an action (to act collectively). Another frequent mistake is the mispronunciation or misspelling of the visarga (the two dots at the end 'ः'). In modern Hindi, the 'h' sound in the visarga is often subtle but distinct, sounding like a light breath after the 'a' vowel.

The 'Adjective vs. Adverb' Trap: Incorrect: 'हम सामूहिकतः निर्णय में विश्वास करते हैं।' (We believe in collectively decision.) Correct: 'हम सामूहिक निर्णय में विश्वास करते हैं।' (We believe in collective decision.) Use the adverb only when modifying a verb.
Redundancy with 'Milkar': Avoid using 'सामूहिकतः मिलकर'. Since both mean 'together' or 'collectively,' using them together is redundant. Choose one based on the level of formality required.

गलत: उन्होंने सामूहिक काम किया। (They did collective work - meaning the work itself was collective.) सही: उन्होंने सामूहिकतः काम किया। (They worked collectively - describing the manner of working.)

A stylistic mistake is using सामूहिकतः in very informal settings. If you are telling your friends that you all should go to a movie together, using सामूहिकतः would sound overly stiff and almost robotic. In that case, 'चलो सब साथ चलते हैं' (Let's all go together) is much more natural. Save सामूहिकतः for when you want to sound authoritative or when the context is formal. Additionally, learners sometimes forget the Sanskrit origin and try to add Hindi postpositions like 'ne' or 'ko' to it. Because it is an adverb, it does not take postpositions. It stands alone as a modifier. Lastly, ensure you don't confuse it with 'samudayiktah' (community-wise), which has a more specific focus on a 'Samuday' or community rather than just any group ('Samuh'). Precision in word choice is the hallmark of a B1-B2 level speaker, and avoiding these pitfalls will help you sound more like a native professional.

सावधान: सामूहिकतः के साथ मत कहिए। बस 'सामूहिकतः' कहिए। (Don't say 'with collectively'. Just say 'collectively'.)

Hindi offers several ways to express the idea of doing things together. Depending on the context—whether it's casual, formal, or legal—you might choose a different word. Understanding these alternatives will help you fine-tune your expression and avoid repetitive language. Here, we compare सामूहिकतः with its closest cousins.

सामूहिकतः vs. मिलकर (Milkar): Milkar is the most common, everyday word for 'together'. It is used for everything from cooking together to playing. सामूहिकतः is the professional, formal version used in reports or serious discussions.
सामूहिकतः vs. संयुक्त रूप से (Sanyukt Roop Se): Sanyukt Roop Se literally means 'in a joint manner'. It is very common in legal and diplomatic contexts (e.g., Joint Statement). While सामूहिकतः emphasizes the group as a whole, Sanyukt Roop Se often emphasizes the joining of two or more distinct parties.
सामूहिकतः vs. एकजुट होकर (Ekjut Hokar): Ekjut Hokar means 'becoming one' or 'standing united'. It is more emotional and evocative, often used in patriotic speeches or during social protests to inspire unity.

तुलना: 'सबने मिलकर खाना खाया' (Casual) बनाम 'बोर्ड ने सामूहिकतः बजट पारित किया' (Formal).

Other alternatives include 'साझा तौर पर' (Saajha taur par), which is often used in the context of shared ownership or resources, and 'समग्र रूप से' (Samagra roop se), which means 'holistically' or 'as a whole'. If you want to say that something applies to everyone in a group without exception, you might use 'सार्वभौमिक रूप से' (universally). However, सामूहिकतः remains the best choice for describing an action performed by a group acting as a single unit. In academic writing, you might also encounter 'पारस्परिक रूप से' (mutually), but this implies a back-and-forth relationship between individuals rather than a single group action. By choosing सामूहिकतः, you signal to your audience that you are discussing a formal, organized, and unified effort. This precision is especially valued in civil service exams (UPSC) or Hindi literature analysis.

पर्यायवाची: समेकित रूप से (Consolidatedly) - often used in financial reports.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The suffix '-tah' is a remnant of ancient Sanskrit grammar that survived into modern Hindi. It's like a fossilized piece of grammar that still works perfectly to create formal adverbs today!

発音ガイド

UK /sɑː.muː.hɪk.təh/

US /sɑ.mu.hɪk.təh/

Primary stress is on the second syllable 'mu'.

韻が合う語

Visheshtah (विशेषतः) Mulyatah (मूलतः) Prathamatah (प्रथमतः) Anshatah (अंशतः) Swayamtah (स्वयंतः) Samyaktah (सम्यक्तः) Samanyatah (सामान्यतः) Nischaytah (निश्चयतः)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'samuhik-ta' (forgetting the 'h' sound at the end).
Missing the long 'u' sound in 'mu'.
Adding an extra vowel at the end like 'samuhiktaha'.

難易度

読解 4/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'samuh', but the visarga ending might look strange to beginners.

ライティング 6/5

Requires knowledge of the visarga and correct spelling of the 'ik' suffix.

スピーキング 5/5

The breathy 'h' at the end needs practice for a natural sound.

リスニング 5/5

Can be confused with 'samuhik' if the ending isn't heard clearly.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

समूह (Group) साथ (With) मिलकर (Together) निर्णय (Decision) काम (Work)

次に学ぶ

विशेषतः (Especially) मूलतः (Primarily) उत्तरदायित्व (Responsibility) संविधान (Constitution) रणनीति (Strategy)

上級

समग्रता (Holism) एकीकरण (Integration) पारस्परिकता (Mutuality) स्वायत्तता (Autonomy - Antonym context) सहकारिता (Cooperativism)

知っておくべき文法

Visarga Adverbs

Words ending in '-तः' function as adverbs (e.g., visheshtah, samanyatah).

Adjective to Adverb Transformation

Adding '-tah' to a Sanskrit-based adjective like 'samuhik' makes it an adverb.

Adverb Placement

Adverbs usually precede the verb they modify: 'सामूहिकतः निर्णय लिया'.

Indeclinability of Adverbs

'Samuhiktah' stays the same for 'he', 'she', or 'they'.

Formal Register Markers

Using Sanskritized vocabulary like 'samuhiktah' signals a formal register.

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レベル別の例文

वे सामूहिकतः काम करते हैं।

They work collectively.

A1 students should focus on the 'samuh' (group) root.

हम सामूहिकतः स्कूल जाते हैं।

We go to school collectively (as a group).

Simple subject-adverb-verb structure.

सबने सामूहिकतः गाना गाया।

Everyone sang collectively.

Past tense usage with 'sabne'.

वे सामूहिकतः खेलते हैं।

They play collectively.

Present indefinite tense.

हमने सामूहिकतः सफाई की।

We cleaned collectively.

Focus on the action being shared.

गाँव वाले सामूहिकतः आए।

The villagers came collectively.

Plural subject 'gaon wale'.

बच्चे सामूहिकतः पढ़ रहे हैं।

The children are studying collectively.

Present continuous tense.

उन्होंने सामूहिकतः प्रार्थना की।

They prayed collectively.

Formal context for prayer.

टीम ने सामूहिकतः मैच जीतने का प्रयास किया।

The team collectively tried to win the match.

Use of 'prayas kiya' (tried).

छात्रों ने सामूहिकतः प्रोजेक्ट पूरा किया।

The students collectively completed the project.

Past tense with a direct object.

परिवार ने सामूहिकतः छुट्टियाँ बिताने का निर्णय लिया।

The family collectively decided to spend the holidays.

Infinitive 'bitane ka' with 'nirnay liya'.

कर्मचारियों ने सामूहिकतः बोनस की माँग की।

The employees collectively demanded a bonus.

Subject 'karmachariyon ne' (oblique plural).

उन्होंने सामूहिकतः पेड़ लगाए।

They collectively planted trees.

Action verb 'lagaye'.

गाँव के लोगों ने सामूहिकतः कुआँ खोदा।

The village people collectively dug a well.

Genitive 'gaon ke logon'.

हम सामूहिकतः इस त्यौहार को मनाते हैं।

We celebrate this festival collectively.

Specific direct object 'is tyauhaar ko'.

शिक्षकों ने सामूहिकतः नई योजना बनाई।

The teachers collectively made a new plan.

Compound verb 'yojana banayi'.

समिति ने सामूहिकतः नए नियमों को मंजूरी दी।

The committee collectively approved the new rules.

Formal verb 'manjuri di'.

नागरिकों को सामूहिकतः पर्यावरण की रक्षा करनी चाहिए।

Citizens should collectively protect the environment.

Use of 'chahie' for obligation.

वैज्ञानिकों ने सामूहिकतः इस बीमारी का इलाज खोजा।

Scientists collectively found a cure for this disease.

Formal subject 'vaigyanikon ne'.

विपक्ष ने सामूहिकतः सरकार की नीतियों का विरोध किया।

The opposition collectively opposed the government's policies.

Political context.

हमें सामूहिकतः गरीबी के खिलाफ लड़ना होगा।

We will have to fight against poverty collectively.

Future obligation 'ladna hoga'.

संस्था ने सामूहिकतः धन जुटाने का संकल्प लिया।

The organization collectively resolved to raise funds.

Abstract noun 'sankalp' (resolve).

कलाकारों ने सामूहिकतः एक विशाल भित्ति चित्र बनाया।

The artists collectively created a giant mural.

Creative context.

पड़ोसियों ने सामूहिकतः सुरक्षा व्यवस्था में सुधार किया।

The neighbors collectively improved the security arrangements.

Social responsibility context.

विभिन्न देशों ने सामूहिकतः आतंकवाद के विरुद्ध एक घोषणापत्र पर हस्ताक्षर किए।

Various countries collectively signed a manifesto against terrorism.

Complex sentence with multiple prepositional phrases.

यह आवश्यक है कि हम सामूहिकतः संसाधनों का प्रबंधन करें।

It is necessary that we collectively manage resources.

Subjunctive mood 'prabandhan karein'.

मजदूर संघ ने सामूहिकतः हड़ताल पर जाने का फैसला किया।

The labor union collectively decided to go on strike.

Institutional subject 'mazdoor sangh'.

शोधकर्ताओं ने सामूहिकतः डेटा का विश्लेषण किया और निष्कर्ष निकाले।

The researchers collectively analyzed the data and drew conclusions.

Coordinated clauses with 'aur'.

समाज को सामूहिकतः इन कुरीतियों को जड़ से मिटाना होगा।

Society must collectively eradicate these social evils from the root.

Strong obligation 'mitana hoga'.

कंपनियों ने सामूहिकतः बाजार में नई तकनीक पेश की।

The companies collectively introduced new technology in the market.

Business context.

न्यायालय ने पाया कि आरोपियों ने सामूहिकतः अपराध की योजना बनाई थी।

The court found that the accused had collectively planned the crime.

Legal past perfect 'yojana banayi thi'.

लेखकों ने सामूहिकतः सेंसरशिप के खिलाफ आवाज उठाई।

The writers collectively raised their voices against censorship.

Metaphorical 'aawaz uthayi'.

वैश्विक समुदाय को सामूहिकतः जलवायु परिवर्तन के विनाशकारी प्रभावों को कम करने के लिए कार्य करना चाहिए।

The global community must work collectively to mitigate the devastating effects of climate change.

High-level vocabulary like 'vinashkari' and 'kam karne'.

दार्शनिकों का तर्क है कि सत्य को सामूहिकतः ही समझा जा सकता है।

Philosophers argue that truth can only be understood collectively.

Passive voice 'samjha ja sakta hai'.

संविधान सभा ने सामूहिकतः भारत के भविष्य की रूपरेखा तैयार की।

The Constituent Assembly collectively drafted the blueprint for India's future.

Historical/Legal context.

आर्थिक मंदी के दौरान, छोटे व्यापारियों ने सामूहिकतः अपनी लागत कम करने के उपाय खोजे।

During the economic recession, small traders collectively found ways to reduce their costs.

Introductory temporal phrase.

सांस्कृतिक पहचान को सामूहिकतः संरक्षित करने की आवश्यकता है।

There is a need to collectively preserve cultural identity.

Abstract noun 'sanrakshit' (preserved).

आधुनिक लोकतंत्र में, नागरिक सामूहिकतः अपनी संप्रभुता का प्रयोग करते हैं।

In modern democracy, citizens collectively exercise their sovereignty.

Political science terminology 'samprabhuta'.

वैज्ञानिक समुदाय ने सामूहिकतः डेटा की सटीकता पर संदेह व्यक्त किया।

The scientific community collectively expressed doubts about the accuracy of the data.

Formal expression 'sandeh vyakt kiya'.

इतिहासकारों ने सामूहिकतः उन घटनाओं का पुनर्लेखन किया जिन्होंने राष्ट्र को आकार दिया।

Historians collectively rewrote those events that shaped the nation.

Relative clause 'jinhone...'

मानवता के अस्तित्व के लिए यह अपरिहार्य है कि हम सामूहिकतः पारिस्थितिक संतुलन बनाए रखें।

It is indispensable for the existence of humanity that we collectively maintain ecological balance.

Advanced vocabulary 'apariharya' and 'parishthitik'.

साहित्यिक कृतियों का मूल्यांकन अक्सर सामूहिकतः विद्वानों के एक मंडल द्वारा किया जाता है।

The evaluation of literary works is often done collectively by a circle of scholars.

Passive voice with agentive phrase 'dwara'.

जब तक हम सामूहिकतः उत्तरदायित्व स्वीकार नहीं करते, व्यवस्था में सुधार संभव नहीं है।

As long as we do not collectively accept responsibility, reform in the system is not possible.

Conditional 'Jab tak... tab tak'.

इस महाकाव्य की रचना किसी एक व्यक्ति ने नहीं, बल्कि एक पूरी पीढ़ी ने सामूहिकतः की थी।

This epic was not composed by a single individual, but by an entire generation collectively.

Contrastive 'nahi... balki' structure.

वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था की जटिलताओं को सुलझाने के लिए राष्ट्रों को सामूहिकतः अपनी संकीर्ण मानसिकता से ऊपर उठना होगा।

To resolve the complexities of the global economy, nations must collectively rise above their narrow mindsets.

Metaphorical and abstract phrasing.

न्यायशास्त्रीय दृष्टिकोण से, सामूहिकतः किए गए कृत्य के लिए दंड का निर्धारण करना एक चुनौती है।

From a jurisprudential perspective, determining punishment for an act committed collectively is a challenge.

Academic/Legal jargon 'nyayashastriya'.

कला के क्षेत्र में, 'सामूहिकतः' सृजन की प्रक्रिया व्यक्तिगत अहंकार को समाप्त कर देती है।

In the field of art, the process of 'collective' creation eliminates individual ego.

Philosophical usage.

यदि हम सामूहिकतः प्रयास करें, तो हम आने वाली पीढ़ियों के लिए एक बेहतर विश्व छोड़ सकते हैं।

If we make a collective effort, we can leave a better world for future generations.

First conditional 'yadi... toh'.

よく使う組み合わせ

सामूहिकतः निर्णय लेना

सामूहिकतः काम करना

सामूहिकतः उत्तरदायी

सामूहिकतः प्रयास

सामूहिकतः विरोध

सामूहिकतः विचार

सामूहिकतः संकल्प

सामूहिकतः हस्ताक्षर

सामूहिकतः सफाई

सामूहिकतः प्रार्थना

よく使うフレーズ

सामूहिकतः आगे बढ़ना

— To progress together as a group.

हमें सामूहिकतः आगे बढ़ना होगा।

सामूहिकतः जिम्मेदारी उठाना

— To take responsibility as a group.

उन्होंने सामूहिकतः जिम्मेदारी उठाई।

सामूहिकतः समाधान खोजना

— To find a solution together.

आइए सामूहिकतः समाधान खोजें।

सामूहिकतः स्वर उठाना

— To raise a voice collectively.

अन्याय के खिलाफ सामूहिकतः स्वर उठाना जरूरी है।

सामूहिकतः निवेश करना

— To invest as a group.

वे सामूहिकतः रियल एस्टेट में निवेश करते हैं।

सामूहिकतः जश्न मनाना

— To celebrate together.

जीत का सामूहिकतः जश्न मनाया गया।

सामूहिकतः बहिष्कार करना

— To boycott collectively.

गाँव ने शराब का सामूहिकतः बहिष्कार किया।

सामूहिकतः विकास

— Collective development (used as an adverbial phrase).

हमें सामूहिकतः विकास पर ध्यान देना चाहिए।

सामूहिकतः चिंतन

— Collective reflection or thinking.

यह विषय सामूहिकतः चिंतन की मांग करता है।

सामूहिकतः भागीदारी

— Collective participation.

सामूहिकतः भागीदारी से ही लोकतंत्र मजबूत होता है।

よく混同される語

सामूहिकतः vs सामूहिक

This is an adjective (Collective). Use it before a noun: 'सामूहिक प्रयास'. Use 'सामूहिकतः' before a verb.

सामूहिकतः vs सामूहिकता

This is a noun (Collectivity). Use it to talk about the concept: 'सामूहिकता की भावना'.

सामूहिकतः vs सामान्यतः

Looks similar but means 'Generally'. Don't mix them up based on the suffix!

慣用句と表現

"एक और एक ग्यारह"

— Unity is strength; when people work together, they are much more powerful.

सामूहिकतः काम करने से ही सफलता मिलेगी, आखिर एक और एक ग्यारह होते हैं।

Informal/Proverb

"हाथ बटाना"

— To lend a hand; to help out in a group effort.

सभी ने सामूहिकतः काम में हाथ बटाया।

Neutral

"कंधे से कंधा मिलाना"

— To stand shoulder to shoulder; to work in complete solidarity.

देशवासियों ने सामूहिकतः कंधे से कंधा मिलाकर संकट का सामना किया।

Formal/Literary

"एक ही कश्ती में सवार होना"

— To be in the same boat; sharing the same fate and acting together.

हम सब सामूहिकतः एक ही कश्ती में सवार हैं, इसलिए मिलकर काम करना होगा।

Informal

"पांचों उंगलियां मिलकर मुट्ठी बनना"

— The coming together of individuals to form a strong, unified force.

जब हम सामूहिकतः कार्य करते हैं, तो पांचों उंगलियां मिलकर मुट्ठी बन जाती हैं।

Metaphorical

"एक सुर में बोलना"

— To speak in one voice; to be in total agreement.

पूरी टीम ने सामूहिकतः एक सुर में अपनी बात रखी।

Formal

"साझा चूल्हा"

— Literally 'shared stove,' referring to a joint family or group living and working together.

वे आज भी सामूहिकतः साझा चूल्हा जलाते हैं।

Cultural/Informal

"गठजोड़ करना"

— To form an alliance or tie-up.

पार्टियों ने सामूहिकतः चुनाव लड़ने के लिए गठजोड़ किया।

Political

"एक ही माला के मोती"

— Beads of the same necklace; individuals who are part of a larger, beautiful whole.

हम सामूहिकतः एक ही माला के मोती हैं।

Literary

"मिलकर गंगा नहाना"

— To achieve a difficult task together and feel relieved/purified.

प्रोजेक्ट खत्म होने पर सबने सामूहिकतः गंगा नहाई।

Colloquial

間違えやすい

सामूहिकतः vs सामुदायिकतः

Sounds similar and also relates to groups.

'Samudayiktah' refers specifically to a community (Samuday), while 'Samuhiktah' refers to any group (Samuh).

गाँव ने सामुदायिकतः त्यौहार मनाया। (Community-wise)

सामूहिकतः vs समेकिततः

Both used in formal reports.

'Samekittah' means 'consolidatedly' (bringing different parts into one), whereas 'Samuhiktah' means 'collectively' (acting as a group).

डेटा को समेकिततः प्रस्तुत किया गया।

सामूहिकतः vs संयुक्ततः

Often used interchangeably in legal contexts.

'Sanyukttah' implies two or more things joined together, 'Samuhiktah' implies a group acting in unison.

उन्होंने संयुक्ततः व्यापार शुरू किया।

सामूहिकतः vs समग्रतः

Both deal with 'wholeness'.

'Samagratah' means 'as a whole' or 'comprehensively', focusing on the scope. 'Samuhiktah' focuses on the actors.

रिपोर्ट को समग्रतः देखें।

सामूहिकतः vs सार्वभौमिकतः

Big words with the same suffix.

'Sarvabhaumiktah' means 'universally'. Not related to group action but to universal truth.

यह नियम सार्वभौमिकतः लागू होता है।

文型パターン

[Group] ने सामूहिकतः [Simple Verb] किया।

बच्चों ने सामूहिकतः गाना गाया।

[Subject] को सामूहिकतः [Verb] करना चाहिए।

हमें सामूहिकतः सफाई करनी चाहिए।

[Subject] सामूहिकतः [Compound Verb] रहे हैं।

वे सामूहिकतः काम कर रहे हैं।

यह निर्णय सामूहिकतः लिया गया है।

सामूहिकतः प्रयास करने से [Result] होगा।

सामूहिकतः प्रयास करने से सफलता मिलेगी।

बिना सामूहिकतः भागीदारी के [Abstract Noun] असंभव है।

बिना सामूहिकतः भागीदारी के विकास असंभव है।

[Context] में, [Subject] सामूहिकतः [Formal Verb] करते हैं।

लोकतंत्र में, नागरिक सामूहिकतः मतदान करते हैं।

सामूहिकतः [Verb]-ना ही [Goal] का एकमात्र मार्ग है।

सामूहिकतः लड़ना ही जीत का एकमात्र मार्ग है।

語族

名詞

समूह (Group/Assembly)

सामूहिकता (Collectivity/Groupism)

動詞

समूहित करना (To group together - rare)

इकट्ठा करना (To gather - related)

形容詞

सामूहिक (Collective/Common)

使い方

frequency

Common in media, rare in street talk.

よくある間違い

Using 'सामूहिक' instead of 'सामूहिकतः' with a verb. → उन्होंने सामूहिकतः काम किया।
'सामूहिक' is an adjective; 'सामूहिकतः' is the adverb you need for verbs.
Writing 'सामूहिकत' without the visarga (ः). → सामूहिकतः
The visarga is essential for the correct spelling and formal tone of the word.
Saying 'सामूहिकतः मिलकर'. → सामूहिकतः
This is redundant. Using both words is like saying 'collectively together.'
Pronouncing it as 'samuhik-ta-ha'. → samuhik-tah
The ending is a soft breathy 'h', not a full 'ha' syllable.
Using it in a casual chat about dinner. → चलो मिलकर खाना खाते हैं।
'सामूहिकतः' is too formal for casual social plans with friends.

ヒント

Adverbial Suffix

Remember that '-tah' is a formal adverbial suffix. If you see it, the word is likely describing 'how' an action is done.

Keep it Formal

Use this word in emails, reports, or speeches. Avoid it in texts to friends to keep from sounding too stiff.

The Visarga Breath

Don't ignore the ending 'ः'. A slight breathy sound makes you sound much more native and sophisticated.

Avoid Redundancy

Don't use 'samuhiktah' and 'sath' in the same phrase. Let 'samuhiktah' do all the work on its own.

Look for the Root

If you see 'samuh', you know it's about a group. This helps you guess the meaning even if you forget the adverb form.

Synonym Mastery

Learn 'milkar' for daily life and 'samuhiktah' for professional life. This gives you range in your Hindi.

News Watching

Watch Hindi news (like NDTV or Rajya Sabha TV). You will hear this word often when they talk about policies.

Sanskrit Connection

Knowing that this word is Sanskrit-based helps you understand why it's used in formal and religious contexts.

Passive Voice

This word sounds great in passive sentences like 'यह निर्णय सामूहिकतः लिया गया' (This decision was taken collectively).

The Sum-Move-Ly Rule

Sam (Sum) + Muh (Move) + Tah (-ly). The whole group moves as one sum collectively.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Sam' (Sum/Total) + 'Muh' (Move). A group moving as a single sum. Adding 'tah' is like adding '-ly' in English. Sam-Muh-Ik-Tah = Collectively.

視覚的連想

Imagine a group of ants carrying a large leaf. They are not just 'together' (milkar), they are acting as a single unit—that is 'samuhiktah'.

Word Web

Samuh (Group) Samuhik (Collective) Samuhikta (Collectivity) Sanyukt (Joint) Sahyog (Cooperation) Sangathan (Organization) Ekjut (United) Milkar (Together)

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences about a group project you did, using 'samuhiktah' instead of 'milkar' to see how it changes the tone.

語源

Derived from Sanskrit 'सामूहिक' (sāmūhika) + the suffix '-तः' (-tas). The root is 'समूह' (samūha), which comes from 'sam' (together) + 'ūh' (to push/bring).

元の意味： Pertaining to bringing things or people together into a single heap or assembly.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit-derived).

文化的な背景

Be careful not to use it in casual settings where it might sound like you are trying too hard to be formal or 'posh'.

In English-speaking cultures, individualism is often more emphasized. Translating 'samuhiktah' simply as 'together' misses the formal, institutional weight it carries in Hindi.

Used in the preamble discussions of the Indian Constitution regarding collective responsibility. Commonly heard in the speeches of Indian Prime Ministers during national crises. Found in the writings of Premchand when describing village life and unity.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Office Meetings

हमें सामूहिकतः निर्णय लेना होगा।
सामूहिकतः काम करने से समय बचता है।
यह एक सामूहिकतः जिम्मेदारी है।
क्या हम सामूहिकतः इस पर विचार कर सकते हैं?

News Reports

नेताओं ने सामूहिकतः शांति की अपील की।
देश ने सामूहिकतः संकट का सामना किया।
सामूहिकतः हस्ताक्षर किए गए।
जनता ने सामूहिकतः विरोध जताया।

Academic Essays

डेटा का सामूहिकतः विश्लेषण किया गया।
समाज सामूहिकतः व्यवहार करता है।
सामूहिकतः चेतना का विकास।
सामूहिकतः प्रयासों का महत्व।

Legal/Official Documents

बोर्ड सामूहिकतः उत्तरदायी है।
सामूहिकतः स्वामित्व के नियम।
दस्तावेज़ सामूहिकतः प्रस्तुत करें।
सामूहिकतः दंड का प्रावधान।

Social Activism

हमें सामूहिकतः आवाज उठानी होगी।
सामूहिकतः बदलाव संभव है।
एकजुट होकर सामूहिकतः कार्य करें।
सामूहिकतः बहिष्कार की घोषणा।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपको लगता है कि हमें यह निर्णय सामूहिकतः लेना चाहिए?"

"आपकी टीम सामूहिकतः लक्ष्यों को कैसे प्राप्त करती है?"

"क्या भारतीय समाज अभी भी सामूहिकतः कार्य करने में विश्वास रखता है?"

"पिछली बार आपने कब किसी समस्या का सामूहिकतः समाधान निकाला था?"

"क्या स्कूल में बच्चों को सामूहिकतः काम करना सिखाया जाना चाहिए?"

日記のテーマ

आज मैंने अपने परिवार के साथ सामूहिकतः कौन सा कार्य किया और उसका क्या परिणाम रहा?

मेरे कार्यस्थल पर सामूहिकतः निर्णय लेने की प्रक्रिया कितनी प्रभावी है?

क्या आपको लगता है कि आधुनिक तकनीक हमें सामूहिकतः काम करने से रोक रही है या मदद कर रही है?

एक ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब किसी समूह ने सामूहिकतः कुछ बड़ा हासिल किया हो।

सामूहिकतः जिम्मेदारी और व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रता के बीच संतुलन कैसे बनाया जाए?

よくある質問

10 問

No, it is quite formal. In daily conversation, people prefer 'मिलकर' (milkar) or 'साथ में' (saath mein). You'll mostly hear 'सामूहिकतः' on the news or in professional meetings.

'सामूहिक' is an adjective used to describe a noun, like 'सामूहिक प्रयास' (collective effort). 'सामूहिकतः' is an adverb used to describe a verb, like 'सामूहिकतः प्रयास करना' (to try collectively).

The dots are called a 'visarga.' In this word, it makes a very light, breathy 'h' sound. It's almost like a short sigh at the end of the word.

It is better to avoid using them together because it's redundant. Both words convey the idea of doing something together. Choose one based on how formal you want to be.

No, 'सामूहिकतः' is already an adverb, so adding 'se' (which often creates adverbs in Hindi) is grammatically incorrect and unnecessary.

Technically yes, but 'संयुक्त रूप से' (jointly) or 'दोनों ने मिलकर' is much more common for pairs. 'सामूहिकतः' usually implies a larger group or an organization.

It comes from Sanskrit. It is used to turn nouns or adjectives into adverbs of manner or origin. You see it in other words like 'विशेषतः' (especially) and 'सामान्यतः' (generally).

Only in very formal scenes, like a courtroom drama, a political speech, or a historical epic. You won't hear it in a romantic song!

The most direct opposite is 'व्यक्तिगत रूप से' (individually/personally) or 'अकेले' (alone).

Yes, if you are taking advanced Hindi exams like the UPSC or university-level Hindi, this word is very important for formal writing.

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