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A2 noun #4,500 よく出る 8分で読める

दालें

daalen 上位4,500

練習する例文メモとヒント दालें 30秒で

解説 दालें in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'दालें' (pulses) is introduced as a basic food item. Students learn that 'दाल' is a staple food in India, usually eaten with rice (chawal) or bread (roti). At this stage, the focus is on simple identification and very basic sentences. A1 learners should know that 'दाल' is the singular and 'दालें' is the plural. They learn to say simple things like 'यह दाल है' (This is dal) or 'मुझे दाल पसंद है' (I like dal). The concept of gender is introduced here, noting that dal is feminine. Exercises at this level involve matching pictures of lentils to the word and practicing the pronunciation of the nasalized plural ending. The goal is to recognize the word in a kitchen or restaurant setting and understand its role as a primary food group. Simple colors are often associated with it, such as 'पीली दाल' (yellow dal) or 'काली दाल' (black dal).

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At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'दालें' to include shopping and basic health contexts. They begin to use the plural form 'दालें' more naturally when discussing variety. For example, 'बाज़ार में बहुत सी दालें हैं' (There are many pulses in the market). Learners at this stage should be able to handle the oblique case 'दालों' when used with postpositions like 'में' (in) or 'के साथ' (with). They might learn to ask for specific quantities, such as 'एक किलो दालें दे दीजिए' (Please give one kg of pulses). The focus also shifts to simple descriptions, such as 'दालें प्रोटीन का स्रोत हैं' (Pulses are a source of protein). A2 learners start to distinguish between different types of pulses by name (Moong, Masoor, Chana) while still using 'दालें' as the umbrella term. They can also understand simple instructions in a recipe, like 'दालें भिगो दें' (Soak the pulses).

At the B1 level, the word 'दालें' is used in more complex social and culinary discussions. Learners can describe the process of cooking pulses, including the use of spices and the 'tadka' (tempering). They can participate in conversations about dietary preferences, explaining why 'दालें' are important for vegetarians. B1 learners are expected to use correct grammatical agreement consistently, such as 'दालें अच्छी तरह से पकी हैं' (The pulses are cooked well). They also begin to encounter the word in news snippets or health articles. The metaphorical use of 'दाल' in common idioms like 'दाल में कुछ काला है' (Something is fishy) is introduced at this level to add flavor to their speech. They can compare different types of pulses and discuss their regional importance, such as how 'दाल बाटी' is famous in Rajasthan while 'दाल माखनी' is a Punjabi specialty.

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At the B2 level, learners use 'दालें' in abstract and technical contexts. They can discuss the economic impact of pulse production in India, using terms like 'पैदावार' (yield) and 'निर्यात' (export). They can read and summarize articles about the 'Green Revolution' and how it affected the cultivation of 'दालें' compared to cereals. B2 learners are comfortable with formal synonyms like 'दलहन' and can switch between formal and informal registers depending on the situation. They can engage in debates about food security and the nutritional 'protein gap' in developing nations, where 'दालें' play a crucial role. Their command over grammar is sophisticated enough to use complex sentence structures, such as 'यदि दालों के दाम बढ़ेंगे, तो गरीब लोगों को मुश्किल होगी' (If the prices of pulses rise, it will be difficult for poor people). They can also appreciate the nuances of regional cooking styles and the historical evolution of dal-based dishes.

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At the C1 level, 'दालें' appears in literary, historical, and highly specialized academic contexts. Learners can analyze the role of pulses in Indian history and their mention in ancient texts. They can understand and use advanced metaphors and literary devices involving the word. For example, they might encounter 'दाल-रोटी चलना' as a metaphor for earning a basic livelihood in a complex piece of prose. C1 learners can navigate technical agricultural research papers or high-level economic analyses regarding 'दलहन' (pulses) without difficulty. They can discuss the environmental benefits of growing pulses, such as nitrogen fixation in the soil, using precise vocabulary. Their speech and writing are indistinguishable from a native speaker's in terms of nuance, using 'दालें' to evoke cultural imagery, nostalgia, or social commentary. They can also explain the intricate differences between various 'dals' from a botanical and culinary perspective to a non-native speaker.

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At the C2 level, the learner has a masterly command over the word 'दालें' and its place in the vast Hindi lexicon. They can engage in high-level philosophical or sociological discussions where 'दालें' might be used as a symbol of the common man's struggle or the simplicity of Indian life. They can interpret and produce complex creative works—poems, satires, or academic theses—where 'दालें' is a central or recurring motif. C2 learners can understand the most obscure regional dialects and their variations of the word. They are capable of providing deep etymological explanations, tracing the word back to its Sanskrit roots and comparing it with other Indo-Aryan languages. Their understanding of the word is not just linguistic but deeply cultural and historical, allowing them to use it with a level of sophistication that reflects a profound connection to the Hindi-speaking world's collective consciousness.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

दालें 30秒で

दालें (daalen) means pulses or lentils in English.
It is a feminine plural noun in Hindi grammar.
It is the primary protein source in the Indian vegetarian diet.
Common varieties include Moong, Masoor, Arhar, and Chana.

The word दालें (daal-en) is the plural form of the Hindi noun दाल (daal). In its most literal sense, it refers to pulses—the edible seeds of various leguminous plants. However, in the Indian subcontinent, the term transcends mere biological classification; it represents the very backbone of the daily diet. When an English speaker thinks of 'lentils,' they might imagine a specific brown or green seed, but for a Hindi speaker, दालें encompasses a vast universe of textures, colors, and preparation styles, ranging from the buttery Dal Makhani of the north to the tangy Sambhar of the south.

Culinary Identity: In Hindi, when someone asks 'दाल में क्या है?' (What is in the dal?), they aren't just asking about the seed; they are asking about the soul of the meal. Pulses are the primary source of protein for a massive vegetarian population.

भारतीय भोजन में दालें अनिवार्य हैं। (Pulses are essential in Indian food.)

The term is used frequently in grocery shopping, cooking instructions, and nutritional discussions. Because India is home to dozens of varieties—including Arhar (pigeon pea), Moong (mung bean), Masoor (red lentil), and Chana (chickpea)—the plural form दालें is often used when discussing the diversity of crops or a collection of different types of lentils stored in a kitchen pantry. Economically, 'दालें' is a keyword in news reports regarding inflation or agricultural yields, as the price of pulses is a sensitive political issue in India.

Metaphorical Use: Interestingly, the word appears in several idioms. For example, 'दाल में कुछ काला है' (There is something black in the dal) means 'Something is fishy' or 'Something is wrong.'

बाज़ार में विभिन्न प्रकार की दालें उपलब्ध हैं। (Various types of pulses are available in the market.)

From a linguistic perspective, 'दालें' is a classic A2-level word because it represents a concrete, everyday object that is central to cultural navigation. Understanding this word allows a learner to participate in basic domestic life, order at a restaurant with precision, and understand health-related advice in a Hindi-speaking context. It is more than just a food item; it is a symbol of sustenance, comfort, and the incredible diversity of the Indian landscape where different regions pride themselves on their specific दालें.

Using दालें correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's gender-based grammar. Since दाल is feminine, the adjectives and verbs associated with दालें must reflect this. For instance, you would say 'अच्छी दालें' (good pulses) rather than 'अच्छा दालें'. This section explores the grammatical landscape of the word across various sentence structures, from simple requests to complex nutritional descriptions.

Subject-Verb Agreement: When 'दालें' is the subject, the verb must be plural and feminine. Example: 'दालें पक रही हैं' (The pulses are cooking).

क्या आपने आज नई दालें खरीदीं? (Did you buy new pulses today?)

In a shopping context, you will often use the word to categorize items. If you are at a local Kirana (grocery) store, you might ask, 'आपके पास कौन-कौन सी दालें हैं?' (Which all pulses do you have?). Here, the doubling of 'कौन' (which) emphasizes the variety you are looking for. In a culinary context, a recipe might begin with 'सभी दालें धो लें' (Wash all the pulses). Note how the adjective 'सभी' (all) remains neutral, but the context implies the plural feminine object.

हमें अपने आहार में दालें शामिल करनी चाहिए। (We should include pulses in our diet.)

Furthermore, in descriptive writing, दालें can be modified by colors or origins. 'पीली दालें' (yellow pulses) or 'खड़ी दालें' (whole pulses). In professional settings, such as an agricultural report, you might see: 'इस साल दालें महंगी हो गई हैं' (Pulses have become expensive this year). The word 'महंगी' (expensive) is in the feminine plural form to match 'दालें'. Mastering these agreements is key to moving from A2 to B1 proficiency.

The acoustic footprint of दालें is everywhere in India—from the clanging of pressure cookers in high-rise apartments to the bustling wholesale markets of Old Delhi. If you walk through a 'Subzi Mandi' (vegetable market), you will hear vendors shouting the names of specific pulses, but the collective term दालें is what you'll find on the signage of shops or in the 'Ration' lists of households.

In the Kitchen: Mothers often tell their children, 'दालें सेहत के लिए अच्छी होती हैं' (Pulses are good for health). It is a common refrain in Indian households where protein intake is a concern.

दादी माँ कहती हैं कि पुरानी दालें जल्दी नहीं गलतीं। (Grandmother says that old pulses don't soften quickly.)

In the media, the word takes on a more serious tone. News anchors frequently discuss the 'दालों के दाम' (prices of pulses) during inflation reports. Because pulses are a staple, their price fluctuations can lead to public outcry. You will also hear this word in health and wellness podcasts, where nutritionists emphasize 'अंकुरित दालें' (sprouted pulses) as a superfood. In these contexts, the word is spoken with an emphasis on its nutritional value.

रेस्तरां के मेनू में कई प्रकार की दालें लिखी थीं। (Many types of pulses were listed on the restaurant's menu.)

Lastly, in religious or community settings, such as a 'Langar' (community kitchen) in a Gurudwara or a 'Bhandara' at a temple, you will hear volunteers coordinating the preparation of 'दालें'. Here, the word carries a sense of service and community sharing. Whether it is a doctor advising a patient to eat more 'दालें' for iron or a chef explaining the 'Tadka' (tempering) process, the word is an indispensable part of the Hindi auditory landscape.

One of the most frequent hurdles for English speakers learning Hindi is the gender of nouns. A common mistake is treating दालें as masculine. Since English doesn't assign gender to inanimate objects, learners often default to masculine endings. Saying 'दालें अच्छे हैं' is incorrect; it must be 'दालें अच्छी हैं'. The 'ई' (ee) sound in 'अच्छी' and the nasalized 'हैं' (hain) are crucial for grammatical accuracy.

The Oblique Case Confusion: Learners often forget to change 'दालें' to 'दालों' when using postpositions. For example, saying 'दालें में नमक कम है' is wrong. It should be 'दालों में नमक कम है' (There is less salt in the pulses).

गलत: ये दालें पुराने हैं। सही: ये दालें पुरानी हैं। (Wrong: These pulses are old [masc]. Right: These pulses are old [fem].)

Another common error is confusion between the collective noun and the specific variety. While 'दालें' means pulses in general, if you are talking about a single dish made of one type of lentil, you should use the singular 'दाल'. For example, if you are eating a bowl of lentil soup, say 'दाल स्वादिष्ट है' (The dal is delicious), not 'दालें स्वादिष्ट हैं' unless you are eating multiple bowls of different types of lentils simultaneously. Using the plural when the singular is intended can sound unnatural to native speakers.

गलत: मुझे दालें पसंद था। सही: मुझे दालें पसंद थीं। (Wrong: I liked pulses [masc singular verb]. Right: I liked pulses [fem plural verb].)

Finally, avoid over-translating the English word 'beans'. While some beans are considered 'दालें' in Hindi (like kidney beans/Rajma), others might be called 'फली' (beans/pods) if they are eaten as a green vegetable. Using 'दालें' for green beans (like French beans) is a categorical error. Always remember that 'दालें' specifically refers to the dried, often split, seeds used for making soups or stews.

While दालें is the standard term for pulses, several other words occupy the same semantic space, each with its own nuance. Understanding these distinctions will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a textbook. The most common related terms are अनाज (anaaj), फली (phali), and दलहन (dalhan).

दालें vs. अनाज: अनाज (Anaaj) refers to grains or cereals like wheat, rice, and maize. While both are staples, they are distinct categories. 'दाल-अनाज' is a common phrase for 'pulses and grains'.
दालें vs. दलहन: दलहन (Dalhan) is the formal, technical, or agricultural term for pulses. You will find this in textbooks or economic reports. In daily conversation, people always prefer 'दालें'.

किसान इस साल दलहन की खेती कर रहे हैं। (Farmers are cultivating pulse crops this year.)

Another word to know is दलना (dalna), the verb from which 'दाल' is derived. It means 'to grind' or 'to split'. This explains why split lentils are the primary referent of the word. In some regional dialects, you might hear कठोल (kathol), especially in Gujarati-influenced Hindi, to refer to whole pulses or legumes. However, for a learner, sticking to दालें is the safest and most widely understood option across all of India.

सब्ज़ियों और दालों का मिश्रण स्वास्थ्यवर्धक होता है। (A mixture of vegetables and pulses is healthy.)

When talking about specific preparations, you might use 'तरी' (curry/gravy) or 'सोरबा' (soup), but these describe the consistency rather than the ingredient itself. If you want to be more specific, you should name the pulse: चना (chickpea), राजमा (kidney beans), or लोबिया (black-eyed peas). Even though these are technically 'दालें', they are often referred to by their specific names due to their distinct culinary roles.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The reason pulses are called 'dal' is because they are almost always 'split' (दलना) before cooking to ensure they soften quickly.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈdɑː.leɪn/

US /ˈdɑː.leɪn/

Stress is on the first syllable 'Daal'.

韻が合う語

मालें (maalen) गालें (gaalen) पालें (paalen) शालें (shaalen) चालें (chaalen) जालें (jaalen) टालें (taalen) ढालें (dhaalen)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the final 'n' as a hard 'n' (like in 'pen'). It should be nasalized.
Using a retroflex 'D' (tongue curled back) instead of a dental 'd'.
Shortening the 'aa' sound.
Forgetting the nasalization entirely.
Pronouncing it like 'Dar-len'.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize as it's a common word, but plural endings need attention.

ライティング 3/5

Requires knowledge of the nasalized 'en' and feminine gender.

スピーキング 3/5

Correct nasalization is tricky for beginners.

リスニング 2/5

Commonly heard in daily life, making it easy to pick up.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

खाना सब्ज़ी चावल पानी पकाना

次に学ぶ

मसाले तड़का पोषण अनाज पकवान

上級

दलहन उपज निर्यात अमीनो एसिड

知っておくべき文法

Feminine Pluralization

दाल (singular) -> दालें (plural)

Oblique Case with Postpositions

दालें + में = दालों में

Adjective-Noun Agreement

अच्छी दालें (Feminine plural adjective)

Verb-Subject Agreement

दालें पक रही हैं (Feminine plural verb)

Compound Noun Usage

दाल-चावल as a singular conceptual unit.

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レベル別の例文

यह दाल है।

This is dal.

Simple identification using 'यह' (this).

मुझे दालें पसंद हैं।

I like pulses.

Plural feminine noun 'दालें' with 'पसंद' (like).

दाल पीली है।

The dal is yellow.

Adjective 'पीली' (yellow) agrees with feminine 'दाल'.

वह दाल खाता है।

He eats dal.

Present indefinite tense for a male subject.

माँ दाल पकाती हैं।

Mother cooks dal.

Honorific plural verb 'पकाती हैं' for 'माँ'.

यहाँ दालें कहाँ हैं?

Where are the pulses here?

Interrogative sentence with plural noun.

एक कटोरी दाल दीजिए।

Please give one bowl of dal.

Imperative sentence for a request.

दाल गरम है।

The dal is hot.

Simple descriptive sentence.

बाज़ार से कुछ दालें ले आओ।

Bring some pulses from the market.

Use of 'कुछ' (some) with plural noun.

दालों में बहुत प्रोटीन होता है।

There is a lot of protein in pulses.

Oblique plural 'दालों' followed by postposition 'में'.

क्या आप सभी दालें धो सकते हैं?

Can you wash all the pulses?

Ability with 'सकते हैं' and plural object.

ये दालें पुरानी लग रही हैं।

These pulses are looking old.

Feminine plural adjective 'पुरानी' (old).

हमें रोज़ दालें खानी चाहिए।

We should eat pulses every day.

Moral obligation with 'चाहिए'.

दालें पानी में भिगो दें।

Soak the pulses in water.

Instructional imperative.

आज कौन सी दालें बनी हैं?

Which pulses are made today?

Interrogative 'कौन सी' (which) for feminine plural.

दालें सेहतमंद होती हैं।

Pulses are healthy.

General truth with 'होती हैं' (feminine plural).

अगर आप शाकाहारी हैं, तो दालें आपके लिए बहुत ज़रूरी हैं।

If you are a vegetarian, then pulses are very important for you.

Conditional sentence 'अगर... तो'.

दालों को पकने में थोड़ा समय लगता है।

It takes some time for pulses to cook.

Oblique form 'दालों' as the logical subject of time-taking.

मैंने आज तीन तरह की दालें बनाई हैं।

I have made three types of pulses today.

Perfect tense with 'ने' and feminine plural object agreement.

दालों का तड़का बहुत खुशबूदार है।

The tempering of the pulses is very aromatic.

Possessive 'का' agreeing with 'तड़का' (masculine) while 'दालों' is oblique.

क्या आप जानते हैं कि दालें कैसे उगाई जाती हैं?

Do you know how pulses are grown?

Passive voice 'उगाई जाती हैं'.

दालें और चावल का मेल सबसे अच्छा होता है।

The combination of pulses and rice is the best.

Compound subject treated as a concept.

बाज़ार में दालों के भाव बढ़ गए हैं।

The prices of pulses have increased in the market.

Genitive 'के' agreeing with 'भाव' (masculine plural).

वह दालों के बारे में बहुत कुछ जानती है।

She knows a lot about pulses.

Postpositional phrase 'के बारे में'.

भारत दुनिया में दालों का सबसे बड़ा उत्पादक और उपभोक्ता है।

India is the world's largest producer and consumer of pulses.

Complex sentence with formal vocabulary.

दालें मिट्टी की उर्वरता बढ़ाने में मदद करती हैं।

Pulses help in increasing soil fertility.

Scientific fact using feminine plural agreement.

दालों के आयात पर सरकार ने नई नीतियां बनाई हैं।

The government has made new policies on the import of pulses.

Formal administrative language.

विभिन्न दालों के पोषण संबंधी लाभ अलग-अलग होते हैं।

Nutritional benefits of different pulses vary.

Adjective 'अलग-अलग' for variety.

शाकाहारी भोजन में दालें मांस का एक बेहतरीन विकल्प हैं।

In vegetarian food, pulses are an excellent alternative to meat.

Comparative structure with 'विकल्प' (alternative).

दालों को सुरक्षित रखने के लिए उन्हें ठंडी जगह पर रखना चाहिए।

To keep pulses safe, they should be kept in a cool place.

Infinitive 'रखने' with postposition.

दालों की पैदावार बढ़ाने के लिए आधुनिक तकनीकों का उपयोग ज़रूरी है।

To increase the yield of pulses, the use of modern techniques is necessary.

Genitive 'की' agreeing with 'पैदावार' (feminine).

कई संस्कृतियों में दालें समृद्धि का प्रतीक मानी जाती हैं।

In many cultures, pulses are considered a symbol of prosperity.

Passive construction 'मानी जाती हैं'.

दालों का ऐतिहासिक महत्व सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता से जुड़ा हुआ है।

The historical significance of pulses is linked to the Indus Valley Civilization.

Advanced historical reference.

जलवायु परिवर्तन दालों की खेती के लिए एक बड़ी चुनौती बन गया है।

Climate change has become a major challenge for the cultivation of pulses.

Abstract noun 'चुनौती' (challenge).

दालों में मौजूद जटिल कार्बोहाइड्रेट स्वास्थ्य के लिए अत्यंत लाभकारी हैं।

The complex carbohydrates present in pulses are extremely beneficial for health.

Technical scientific vocabulary.

साहित्य में 'दाल-रोटी' का प्रयोग अक्सर साधारण जीवन के चित्रण के लिए किया जाता है।

In literature, the use of 'dal-roti' is often done to depict ordinary life.

Metalinguistic analysis.

दालों की विविधता भारतीय पाक कला की समृद्धि को दर्शाती है।

The diversity of pulses reflects the richness of Indian culinary art.

Abstract verb 'दर्शाती है' (reflects/shows).

आर्थिक विश्लेषण बताते हैं कि दालों की मांग निरंतर बढ़ रही है।

Economic analyses show that the demand for pulses is constantly increasing.

Formal economic reporting.

दालों के बिना भारतीय रसोई की कल्पना करना भी असंभव है।

It is impossible to even imagine an Indian kitchen without pulses.

Emphatic construction 'भी असंभव' (even impossible).

दालों के जीनोम अनुक्रमण से उनकी उत्पादकता में क्रांतिकारी बदलाव आ सकते हैं।

Genome sequencing of pulses can bring revolutionary changes in their productivity.

High-level scientific terminology.

दालों की वैश्विक खाद्य सुरक्षा में भूमिका को नकारा नहीं जा सकता।

The role of pulses in global food security cannot be denied.

Formal passive denial 'नकारा नहीं जा सकता'.

दालों का सांस्कृतिक ताना-बाना भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप के इतिहास में गहराई से बुना हुआ है।

The cultural fabric of pulses is deeply woven into the history of the Indian subcontinent.

Sophisticated metaphor 'ताना-बाना' (fabric/texture).

दालों के औषधीय गुणों का वर्णन आयुर्वेद के प्राचीन ग्रंथों में विस्तार से मिलता है।

The description of the medicinal properties of pulses is found in detail in ancient Ayurvedic texts.

Academic reference to classical texts.

क्या दालों की कीमतों में अस्थिरता सामाजिक असंतोष का कारण बन सकती है?

Can instability in the prices of pulses become a cause of social unrest?

Sociopolitical inquiry.

दालों के प्रति बढ़ती वैश्विक रुचि उनके पारिस्थितिक लाभों का परिणाम है।

Increasing global interest in pulses is a result of their ecological benefits.

Complex causal relationship.

दालों के सूक्ष्म-पोषक तत्वों का जैव-सुदृढ़ीकरण कुपोषण के विरुद्ध एक सशक्त हथियार है।

Bio-fortification of micro-nutrients in pulses is a powerful weapon against malnutrition.

Highly technical bio-science terminology.

दालों की अनगिनत प्रजातियों का संरक्षण जैव विविधता के लिए अनिवार्य है।

The conservation of countless species of pulses is essential for biodiversity.

Environmental advocacy language.

दालों की महक में बसी वह सोंधी खुशबू बचपन की यादें ताज़ा कर देती है।

That earthy aroma residing in the scent of pulses refreshes childhood memories.

Evocative, poetic prose.

類義語

दलहन फली कठोल अनाज बीज रसद भोजन सूप

反対語

मांस मछली मिठाई ज़हर

よく使う組み合わせ

दालें और चावल

अंकुरित दालें

खड़ी दालें

धुली दालें

दालों का भाव

दालों की पैदावार

दालों का तड़का

मिश्रित दालें

दालों का स्टॉक

दालों की पौष्टिकता

よく使うフレーズ

दाल-रोटी

— Livelihood or basic food. It implies a simple but sufficient life.

बस किसी तरह दाल-रोटी चल रही है।

दाल में कुछ काला होना

— Something is suspicious. Literally, 'there is something black in the dal'.

उसकी बातों से लगता है कि दाल में कुछ काला है।

दाल न गलना

— To fail to have one's way or to fail to convince someone.

यहाँ तुम्हारी दाल नहीं गलेगी।

अपनी खिचड़ी अलग पकाना

— To do something on one's own without consulting others (often involves dal).

वह हमेशा अपनी खिचड़ी अलग पकाता है।

दाल-भात

— Lentils and rice. A common term for a simple meal in many parts of India.

मुझे सादा दाल-भात पसंद है।

जूती में दाल बँटना

— To have a fierce quarrel or fight within a group.

उन भाइयों में अब जूती में दाल बँट रही है।

दाल-पानी

— Basic sustenance or expenses.

इतनी तनख्वाह में दाल-पानी का खर्च निकल जाता है।

पेट में दाल होना

— To be very clever or deceptive (older usage).

उस छोटे बच्चे के पेट में भी दाल है।

दाल दलना

— To grind or split lentils.

गाँव में औरतें चक्की पर दाल दलती थीं।

कच्ची दाल

— Uncooked lentils; metaphorically, something that is not yet ready.

अभी यह योजना कच्ची दाल जैसी है।

よく混同される語

दालें vs दाल

Singular vs. Plural. Use 'दाल' for a specific dish and 'दालें' for varieties or ingredients.

दालें vs दल

Means a group or political party. Pronounced similarly but without the long 'aa'.

दालें vs डाल

Means a branch of a tree. Uses a retroflex 'D' instead of dental 'd'.

慣用句と表現

"दाल में काला"

— Suspicious behavior or situation.

जब पुलिस आई, तो उसे लगा कि दाल में कुछ काला है।

Informal

"दाल न गलना"

— To be unsuccessful in an endeavor.

मैनेजर के सामने उसकी दाल नहीं गली।

Informal

"दाल-रोटी चलना"

— To earn just enough to survive.

महंगाई में दाल-रोटी चलना मुश्किल हो गया है।

Neutral

"ये मुँह और मसूर की दाल"

— To demand something beyond one's worth or status.

वह चपरासी होकर गाड़ी मांग रहा है, ये मुँह और मसूर की दाल!

Sarcastic

"दाल-दलिया"

— Simple, light food, often for someone unwell.

बीमारी के बाद डॉक्टर ने दाल-दलिया खाने को कहा।

Neutral

"घर की मुर्गी दाल बराबर"

— Familiarity breeds contempt; not valuing what is easily available.

वह अपने भाई की प्रतिभा नहीं समझता, घर की मुर्गी दाल बराबर!

Colloquial

"दाल मखनी होना"

— To be very smooth or rich (slang/modern).

नया रोड तो बिल्कुल दाल मखनी जैसा है!

Slang

"दाल का धुला"

— Pure or innocent (often used ironically).

वह कोई दूध का धुला (or दाल का धुला) नहीं है।

Informal

"दाल-भात में मूसलचंद"

— An uninvited or unwanted interloper.

हम अपनी बात कर रहे थे, वह दाल-भात में मूसलचंद की तरह आ गया।

Humorous

"दालें बिखेरना"

— To waste resources (rare/regional).

तुम बिना सोचे-समझे दालें बिखेर रहे हो।

Informal

間違えやすい

दालें vs अनाज

Both are staples and often sold together.

Anaaj refers to cereals (wheat/rice), while Daalen refers to pulses (lentils/beans).

गेहूँ अनाज है, लेकिन चना दाल है।

दालें vs फली

Both come from leguminous plants.

Phali is the whole pod (like green beans), Daal is the dried seed inside.

मटर की फली से दालें निकलती हैं।

दालें vs सब्ज़ी

In a meal, dal is often treated like a vegetable dish.

Sabzi refers to vegetables, Daal is specifically lentils.

मैंने आज सब्ज़ी और दाल दोनों बनाई हैं।

दालें vs बीज

Dal is technically a seed.

Beej is the general term for any seed; Daal is the culinary term for pulse seeds.

हर बीज दाल नहीं होता।

दालें vs दलिया

Similar sounding and also a staple.

Daliya is broken wheat/porridge, not lentils.

दलिया मीठा भी हो सकता है, लेकिन दालें नमकीन होती हैं।

文型パターン

यह [Noun] है।

यह दाल है।

मुझे [Noun] पसंद हैं।

मुझे दालें पसंद हैं।

[Noun] [Postposition] प्रोटीन होता है।

दालों में प्रोटीन होता है।

भारत में [Noun] की खेती होती है।

भारत में दालों की खेती होती है।

[Noun] के बिना [Concept] अधूरा है।

दालों के बिना भारतीय भोजन अधूरा है।

[Noun] की भूमिका [Context] में महत्वपूर्ण है।

दालों की भूमिका वैश्विक पोषण में महत्वपूर्ण है।

क्या आपके पास [Noun] हैं?

क्या आपके पास दालें हैं?

[Noun] पकने में [Time] लगता है।

दालों को पकने में समय लगता है।

語族

名詞

दाल (singular)

दलहन (formal collective)

दलिया (broken grain/porridge)

दल (group/party - related root)

動詞

दलना (to grind/split)

गलना (to soften/cook - often used with dal)

形容詞

दली हुई (split/ground)

दालदार (containing dal)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation and culinary contexts.

よくある間違い

दालें अच्छे हैं → दालें अच्छी हैं
Mistaking the gender as masculine. 'दालें' is feminine plural.
दालें में नमक है → दालों में नमक है
Forgetting to use the oblique form 'दालों' before a postposition.
मैंने दालें खाया → मैंने दालें खाईं
In the perfect tense with 'ने', the verb must agree with the feminine plural object 'दालें'.
ये दालें पीला है → ये दालें पीली हैं
Adjectives must match the plural feminine noun.
वह दालें पका रहा है (for one dish) → वह दाल पका रहा है
Using plural when referring to a single prepared dish.

ヒント

Gender Agreement

Always treat 'दालें' as feminine plural. Verbs ending in 'ीं' (een) are your best friends here.

Specific Names

While 'दालें' is good, learning names like 'मूंग' or 'अरहर' will make you sound much more proficient.

Dal-Chawal

Understand that 'Dal-Chawal' is the ultimate comfort food for many Indians. Mentioning it builds rapport.

The Nasal N

Don't over-pronounce the 'n' in 'daalen'. Keep it light and nasalized in the back of the throat.

Grocery Stores

Look for the section labeled 'दालें' in Indian stores to see the word in a real-world context.

Suspicions

Use 'दाल में काला' when you feel something is wrong—it's a very common and natural expression.

Protein Talk

Use 'दालें' when discussing health; it's the standard way to refer to protein sources for vegetarians.

The Bindu

In Devanagari, the dot over 'लें' is essential. Without it, the word is incomplete.

Formal Contexts

In business or agriculture, use 'दलहन' for a more professional tone.

The Tadka

Combine the word 'दालें' with 'तड़का' (tempering) to talk about authentic preparation.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'Dahl' painting (Roald Dahl) but instead of books, he is surrounded by 'Dals' (lentils).

視覚的連想

Visualize a rainbow of jars in an Indian kitchen, each holding a different color of 'Daalen'.

Word Web

Protein Lentils Cooking Indian Food Healthy Vegetarian Tadka Agriculture

チャレンジ

Go to a local Indian grocery store and try to identify and name five different 'दालें' in Hindi.

語源

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'Dala' (दल), which means 'to split' or 'a piece'.

元の意味： A split seed or a part of a whole.

Indo-Aryan

文化的な背景

Be aware that for many in India, the price of 'दालें' is a matter of survival, not just culinary preference.

In the West, 'Dal' is often used as a singular term for the dish, but in Hindi, 'दालें' is used to talk about the ingredients themselves.

The phrase 'Dal-Roti' in Bollywood movies to signify a simple life. International Year of Pulses (2016) celebrated widely in India. Chef Sanjeev Kapoor's famous recipes for various 'Daalen'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Grocery Shopping

दालें कितनी पुरानी हैं?
अच्छी वाली दालें दिखाइए।
दालों के पैकेट कहाँ हैं?
क्या ये दालें साफ़ हैं?

Cooking

दालें रात भर भिगो दें।
दालों में सीटी लगाओ।
दालें गल गई हैं।
दालों को अच्छी तरह धो लो।

Health/Doctor

दालें प्रोटीन का अच्छा स्रोत हैं।
मरीज़ को हल्की दालें दें।
अंकुरित दालें खाइए।
दालों से ताकत मिलती है।

Restaurant

आपके पास कौन सी दालें हैं?
दालें कम तीखी रखना।
दालों का स्वाद अच्छा है।
एक प्लेट मिश्रित दालें।

Agriculture/News

दालों की पैदावार कम हुई है।
दालों के दाम गिर गए हैं।
दालों का निर्यात बंद है।
नई दालें बाज़ार में आ गई हैं।

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आप रोज़ दालें खाते हैं?"

"आपकी पसंदीदा दाल कौन सी है?"

"क्या आपको पता है कि दालें कैसे बनाई जाती हैं?"

"क्या आपके देश में भी दालें मिलती हैं?"

"दालों के बिना भारतीय खाना कैसा लगेगा?"

日記のテーマ

आज आपने कौन सी दालें खाईं और उनका स्वाद कैसा था?

दालों के महत्व के बारे में पाँच वाक्य लिखिए।

अपने बचपन की किसी ऐसी याद के बारे में लिखें जो दाल-रोटी से जुड़ी हो।

यदि आपको केवल एक प्रकार की दाल खानी हो, तो आप कौन सी चुनेंगे और क्यों?

बाज़ार में दालों की बढ़ती कीमतों पर अपने विचार लिखें।

よくある質問

10 問

It is feminine. This is why we say 'दाल अच्छी है' and 'दालें पक रही हैं'.

'दाल' is singular (one dish or one type), while 'दालें' is plural (multiple types or a collection of pulses).

No, green beans are usually called 'फली' (phali). 'दालें' refers to dried pulses.

You should say 'मुझे दालें पसंद हैं' (Mujhe daalen pasand hain).

It is an idiom meaning 'Something is fishy' or 'Something is suspicious'.

Yes, Rajma (kidney beans) is a pulse, but in common speech, people often call it 'Rajma' directly rather than 'dal'.

It changes to 'दालों' when followed by a postposition like 'में', 'को', or 'से'. This is the oblique plural form.

Yes, 'दालें' is the umbrella term for both pulses and lentils in Hindi.

It is very common in formal writing and news, but rarely used in daily conversation at home.

No, it is also very commonly eaten with Roti (Indian bread).

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