The pronoun 'vi' is used for addressing multiple people or one person formally.
30秒でわかる単語
- Second person plural pronoun meaning 'you all'.
- Formal singular 'you' used to show respect to individuals.
- Verb and adjective forms must always remain in the plural.
Pregled
Zamjenica 'vi' primarno označava skupinu ljudi kojima se govornik izravno obraća. U hrvatskom jeziku, ona ima dvostruku ulogu: služi kao množina za zamjenicu 'ti' i kao 'Vi iz poštovanja' (honorifik) za jednu osobu. 2) Obrasci upotrebe: Kada se 'vi' odnosi na više osoba, glagol je uvijek u 2. licu množine. Kada se koristi kao oblik iz poštovanja prema jednoj osobi, glagol i dalje ostaje u množini, a zamjenica se u pismu često piše velikim početnim slovom (Vi). Važno je napomenuti da i pridjevi koji se odnose na subjekt 'Vi' moraju biti u obliku množine (npr. 'Vi ste ljubazni', čak i ako se obraćate samo jednom muškarcu). 3) Uobičajeni konteksti: 'Vi' se koristi u svakodnevnom razgovoru s prijateljima (ako ih je više), u poslovnom okruženju s nadređenima, te u trgovinama, bankama ili službenim institucijama pri obraćanju nepoznatim osobama. 4) Usporedba sličnih riječi: Razlikuje se od zamjenice 'ti' koja se koristi isključivo za jednu osobu s kojom smo bliski (prijatelji, obitelj). Dok je 'ti' znak bliskosti, 'vi' u jednini je znak profesionalizma i društvene distance. U množini, 'vi' nema alternativu jer se 'ti' ne može koristiti za grupu.
例文
Gdje ste vi?
everydayWhere are you (plural)?
Možete li mi pomoći, gospođo?
formalCan you help me, madam?
Vi ste svi pozvani na zabavu.
informalYou are all invited to the party.
Vi, kao stručnjaci, znate najbolje.
academicYou, as experts, know best.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
Kako ste vi?
How are you?
Što vi mislite?
What do you think?
Hvala vam
Thank you (to you)
よく混同される語
'Ti' is strictly singular and informal (friends/family), while 'vi' is plural or formal singular.
'Mi' means 'we', involving the speaker, whereas 'vi' is the person(s) being spoken to.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
Use 'vi' for any group of two or more people regardless of closeness. Use it for individuals in professional settings, with elders, or when meeting someone for the first time. In written form, capitalize 'Vi' to show extra respect to a single person in letters or emails.
よくある間違い
A common mistake is using the singular adjective form when using the formal 'Vi' (e.g., saying 'Vi ste sretan' instead of 'Vi ste sretni'). Another mistake is using 'ti' too early with strangers, which can be perceived as rude. Learners also sometimes confuse 'vas' (you) with 'nas' (us).
Tips
Default to formal with strangers
In Croatia, it is always safer to use 'Vi' with adults you don't know until they suggest switching to 'ti'.
Watch your adjective endings
Even when addressing one person formally, use plural adjective endings (e.g., 'Vi ste umorni' instead of 'Vi ste umoran').
The transition to 'ti'
Moving from 'Vi' to 'ti' (tikanje) is a social step usually initiated by the older person or the person in a higher position.
語源
Derived from Proto-Slavic *vy, which originates from the Proto-Indo-European second person plural pronoun *yūs.
文化的な背景
Croatian culture maintains a clear distinction between formal and informal address. Switching from 'Vi' to 'ti' is often a significant moment in a relationship, symbolizing that two people have become friends.
覚え方のコツ
Think of 'Vi' as the start of 'VIP' - use it for Very Important People (formal) or a group of people you are looking at.
よくある質問
4 問Veliko slovo 'Vi' koristi se isključivo u službenoj korespondenciji (pismima, emailovima) kada se obraćate jednoj osobi iz poštovanja. U titlovima ili općem tekstu obično se piše malim slovom.
Zamjenica 'vi' ima oblike: vas (genitiv/akuzativ), vama (dativ/lokativ) i vama (instrumental). Ovi se oblici koriste ovisno o glagolu ili prijedlogu.
Djeci se pojedinačno uvijek obraćamo s 'ti'. 'Vi' se koristi samo ako se obraćate grupi djece istovremeno.
'Vikanje' u ovom kontekstu (izvedeno od 'vi') označava čin obraćanja nekome sa 'Vi' umjesto 'ti', što signalizira formalnost.
自分をテスト
Gospodine, odakle ___ dolazite?
U formalnom obraćanju jednoj osobi (gospodinu) koristimo zamjenicu 'vi'.
Što radite danas?
Za grupu ljudi (množina) koristimo 'vi' i glagol u množini.
ste / Vi / vrlo / ljubazni / .
Standardni redoslijed riječi je subjekt (Vi) + pomoćni glagol (ste) + prilog + pridjev.
スコア： /3
Summary
The pronoun 'vi' is used for addressing multiple people or one person formally.
- Second person plural pronoun meaning 'you all'.
- Formal singular 'you' used to show respect to individuals.
- Verb and adjective forms must always remain in the plural.
Default to formal with strangers
In Croatia, it is always safer to use 'Vi' with adults you don't know until they suggest switching to 'ti'.
Watch your adjective endings
Even when addressing one person formally, use plural adjective endings (e.g., 'Vi ste umorni' instead of 'Vi ste umoran').
The transition to 'ti'
Moving from 'Vi' to 'ti' (tikanje) is a social step usually initiated by the older person or the person in a higher position.
例文
4 / 4Gdje ste vi?
Where are you (plural)?
Možete li mi pomoći, gospođo?
Can you help me, madam?
Vi ste svi pozvani na zabavu.
You are all invited to the party.
Vi, kao stručnjaci, znate najbolje.
You, as experts, know best.
