B1 · 中級 チャプター 39

Advanced Adverbial Phrases

4 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Transform basic sentences into vivid stories by mastering how often, how well, and how much.

  • Express nuanced frequency beyond simple 'often' or 'rarely'.
  • Construct descriptive phrases using 'dengan' and reduplication.
  • Scale the intensity of your descriptions with precision degree markers.
Beyond the Basics: Painting with Adverbs.

学べること

Explores complex adverbs of frequency, manner, and degree. Teaches how to refine descriptions.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe habits using complex frequency markers like 'sesekali' and 'hampir tidak pernah'.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: explain the process of an action using the 'dengan + adjective' structure.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: modify the intensity of adjectives and verbs using 'agak', 'begitu', and 'sekali'.

ヒントとコツ (4)

🎯

The 'Belum Pernah' Trick

When someone asks if you've done something, saying 'belum pernah' (not yet) sounds much more natural and polite than 'tidak pernah' (never).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Frequency
💡

Don't overthink

Just add 'dengan' before the adjective. It works 90% of the time.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Manner
💡

Use 'Banget' for friends

Save 'banget' for casual chats with friends. It makes you sound like a local.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Degree
🎯

The 'Kurang' Trick

Use 'kurang' (less) to be polite. Instead of saying 'Makanan ini tidak enak' (This food is not good), say 'Makanan ini kurang enak'. It sounds much more sophisticated and less rude.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Refining Descriptions

重要な語彙 (7)

sesekali once in a while / occasionally terus-menerus continuously / constantly dengan teliti carefully / thoroughly lumayan quite / fairly / reasonably nyaris nearly / almost sepenuhnya completely / fully perlahan-lahan slowly / gradually

Real-World Preview

utensils

Reviewing a New Restaurant

Review Summary

  • [Subject] + [Adverb] + [Verb]
  • [Verb] + dengan + [Adjective]
  • sangat + [Adj] OR [Adj] + sekali
  • [Verb] + dengan + [Degree] + [Adjective]

よくある間違い

'Sekali' (meaning 'very') cannot come before the adjective. It must follow it.

Wrong: Saya sekali lapar.
正解: Saya sangat lapar / Saya lapar sekali.

When using reduplication like 'cepat-cepat', the word 'dengan' is usually omitted. Use either 'dengan cepat' or 'cepat-cepat'.

Wrong: Dia lari dengan cepat-cepat.
正解: Dia lari cepat-cepat / Dia lari dengan cepat.

While 'agak' means 'rather', Indonesians prefer 'kurang' (less/not quite) when expressing a slight dislike or lack of a quality.

Wrong: Saya agak tidak suka.
正解: Saya kurang suka.

Next Steps

You've just added a huge amount of color to your Indonesian. Keep practicing these adverbs, and you'll notice how much more 'native' you sound!

Write a diary entry about your daily routine using 3 frequency adverbs.

Describe a family member's personality using degree and manner adverbs.

Continue to: Idiomatic Expressions

クイック練習 (10)

Select the best fit.

The soup is ___ salty, I cannot eat it.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: terlalu
Terlalu implies negative excess.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Degree

Fill in the blank.

Dia bekerja ___ rajin.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dengan
Use 'dengan' for manner.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Manner

Which sentence is the most formal?

How to say 'He often comes here' formally?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ia acapkali berkunjung ke sini.
'Ia' and 'acapkali' are formal markers.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Frequency

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Dia bicara dengan pelannya.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia bicara dengan pelan.
Remove -nya.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Manner

Fill in the blank with the word for 'never'.

Saya ___ makan daging babi.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: tidak pernah
'Tidak pernah' is the correct way to say 'never'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Frequency

Select the best fit.

Dia menanggapi kritik ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dengan tenang
Standard adverbial phrase.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Manner

Choose the correct word order for 'very big'.

Rumah itu ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: besar sekali
'Sekali' must follow the adjective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Refining Descriptions

Ask 'How often' in Indonesian.

___ kamu mencuci mobil?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Seberapa sering
'Seberapa sering' is the standard phrase for 'How often'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Adverbs of Frequency

Correct the sentence: 'Saya adalah sangat senang.'

Find and fix the mistake:

Saya adalah sangat senang.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Saya sangat senang.
Remove 'adalah' when using adjectives.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Refining Descriptions

Fill in the blank to say 'The coffee is too hot'.

Kopi ini ___ panas.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: terlalu
'Terlalu' means 'too' and comes before the adjective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Refining Descriptions

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

No, it sounds very unnatural. Always place it before the verb or adjective.
'Sering' is neutral and used in daily speech. 'Seringkali' is slightly more formal and emphatic, often used in writing.
Sometimes, but 'secara' is more for categories or methods, while 'dengan' is for manner.
In casual speech, it's faster to drop it for common adjectives.
Yes, for extreme emphasis, you can use 'amat sangat'. Avoid stacking more than two.
No, 'banget' is strictly informal and should be avoided in professional writing.
前のチャプター
Expressing Purpose and Reason
次のチャプター
Idiomatic Expressions
ロードマップに戻る