B1 · 中級 チャプター 34

Nominalization

4 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

学べること

Covers 'pe-an' and 'ke-an' noun formations. Explains how to turn verbs and adjectives into nouns.

ヒントとコツ (3)

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Look for the pattern

Whenever you see a word starting with 'pe-' and ending in '-an', it's almost always a noun. This is a great way to guess the meaning of new words.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pe-an Nouns
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Start Small

Begin by adding ke-an to simple adjectives you already know.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ke-an Nouns
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Root Word Check

Always find the root word first. If you know the adjective, you can guess the abstract noun.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

クイック練習 (10)

Select the correct word.

___ (duduk) di wilayah itu dilarang.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pendudukan
Pendudukan is the noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pe-an Nouns

Which is a state?

Which word implies a state?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kelelahan
Ke-an is for states.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization Process

Identify the state noun.

Which word describes a state?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Keadaan
Keadaan is the only ke-an noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ke-an Nouns

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dia sangat jujur.
Adjective needed for description.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Pebangunan itu bagus.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pembangunan
Correct prefix is pe-m.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Nominalization Process

Correct the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Keadilan adalah adil.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Keadilan adalah prinsip.
Avoid tautology.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Correct the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Petulisan itu salah.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Penulisan
Nasalization rule.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pe-an Nouns

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ke-datang-an dia terlambat.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Kedatangan
Remove the hyphens.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ke-an Nouns

Fill in the blank with the correct pe-an noun.

___ (tulis) buku ini sangat bagus.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Penulisan
Penulisan is the noun form of the process.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Pe-an Nouns

Fill in the blank with the correct abstract noun.

___ (indah) pantai ini luar biasa.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Keindahan
Need the noun form.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Abstract Nouns

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Pe-an is for actions/processes (e.g., pembangunan), while ke-an is for states/qualities (e.g., kebahagiaan).
It's a nasalization rule to make the word easier to pronounce.
No, only for words that logically form abstract nouns.
Yes, it nominalizes the root.
Pe-an is for processes/actions, while ke-an is for states/qualities.
Yes, but they sound more formal. Use them sparingly in texts.
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Causative Verbs
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Reflexive and Reciprocal Actions
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