このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A1 adjective 12分で読める

kuning

練習する例文メモとヒント kuning 30秒で

解説 kuning in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'kuning' is one of the first ten colors you will learn. Its usage is straightforward and literal. You use it to describe basic objects in your environment, such as 'pisang kuning' (yellow banana) or 'baju kuning' (yellow shirt). The primary challenge at this level is remembering the word order: the color always follows the noun. You will also learn to use 'warna' (color) as a prefix, as in 'warna kuning'. Simple sentences like 'Ini warna kuning' (This is the color yellow) are typical for this stage. You should also be able to recognize it on traffic lights and in basic fruit descriptions.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'kuning' in more descriptive contexts and simple compound phrases. You might describe the weather, such as 'matahari kuning yang cerah' (bright yellow sun), or specify shades like 'kuning muda' (light yellow) and 'kuning tua' (dark/deep yellow). You will also encounter 'kuning' in the context of food, specifically 'nasi kuning' (yellow rice) and 'kuning telur' (egg yolk). At this stage, you are expected to use 'kuning' in short paragraphs describing your belongings or your surroundings, and you should be comfortable with the lack of a 'to be' verb in sentences like 'Mobil itu kuning'.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

By B1, you start to see 'kuning' in idiomatic and cultural contexts. You will learn about 'janur kuning' (yellow coconut leaves) and its significance in Indonesian weddings. You might also encounter the term 'sakit kuning' (jaundice) in health-related discussions. Your ability to modify the word increases, using terms like 'kekuning-kuningan' (yellowish) to describe something that isn't purely yellow. You can also participate in discussions about traffic rules, mentioning 'lampu kuning' and what a driver should do when they see it. Your sentences become longer and more complex, integrating 'kuning' into narratives.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, 'kuning' is used in more abstract and professional ways. You might read news articles mentioning 'pers kuning' (yellow journalism) or 'partai kuning' (referring to the Golkar political party). You will understand the nuance between 'kuning' and 'keemasan' (golden) in literature and high-level descriptions. You can describe skin tones using 'kuning langsat' and understand the cultural beauty standards associated with it. Your vocabulary expands to include more specific shades like 'kuning gading' (ivory) or 'kuning kunyit' (turmeric yellow), and you can use these in creative writing or detailed reports.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the historical and symbolic weight of 'kuning'. You can discuss the significance of yellow in the history of Indonesian sultanates and how it represents royalty. You are comfortable using 'kuning' in sophisticated metaphors and can detect subtle connotations in political or social commentary. You might encounter 'kuning' in classical Indonesian poetry or formal speeches where it is used to evoke specific emotions or cultural memories. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct use of register and context-specific synonyms.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, you can analyze the linguistic roots of 'kuning' and its relationship to other Austronesian languages. You understand the most obscure idioms and can use the word in highly technical or academic contexts, such as discussing the chemistry of 'kunyit' in food science or the sociological impact of 'pers kuning' on Indonesian democracy. You can appreciate and produce complex wordplay involving 'kuning' and its various meanings. Your mastery includes an awareness of regional variations in how 'kuning' might be perceived or used in different parts of the Indonesian archipelago.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

kuning 30秒で

Kuning is the Indonesian word for yellow, primarily used as an adjective following a noun.
It is culturally significant, representing royalty and used in celebratory dishes like 'nasi kuning'.
Common idioms include 'kuning telur' (yolk) and 'sakit kuning' (jaundice/hepatitis).
Grammatically, it requires no linking verb and follows the D-M (Noun-Adjective) word order rule.

The word kuning is the primary Indonesian term for the color yellow. At its most fundamental level, it describes the visible spectrum between green and orange, much like its English counterpart. However, in the Indonesian linguistic landscape, kuning carries a weight of cultural and practical significance that extends far beyond a simple visual descriptor. For a beginner (A1 level), you will encounter this word almost immediately when learning about daily objects, nature, and food. Whether you are describing a ripe banana (pisang kuning), the bright sun, or the middle light of a traffic signal, kuning is an essential building block of your descriptive vocabulary. In Indonesian grammar, adjectives like kuning typically follow the noun they modify, which is a crucial distinction for English speakers to internalize early on.

Visual Description: Used to identify the color of objects such as lemons, gold, or sunflowers.
State of Ripeness: Often indicates that fruit, particularly bananas or mangoes, is ready to eat.
Symbolic Status: Historically associated with royalty and nobility in various Indonesian sultanates.

Saya suka memakai baju warna kuning saat cuaca cerah.

Translation: I like wearing yellow clothes when the weather is bright.

Beyond the physical, kuning appears in various social contexts. In Indonesian tradition, particularly in Java and Sumatra, yellow was the color of the kings and sultans. You will see this reflected in traditional wedding attire or royal ceremonies where yellow silk and gold ornaments dominate. Furthermore, in modern Indonesian society, yellow is the color of the 'Golkar' political party, one of the oldest and most prominent parties in the country. This means that in a political discussion, referring to 'the yellow party' (partai kuning) has a very specific meaning. Understanding these layers helps a learner transition from simple identification to cultural fluency.

Lampu lalu lintas itu sudah berubah menjadi kuning.

Translation: That traffic light has already turned yellow.

In a domestic setting, you might hear the word in the kitchen. 'Kuning telur' refers to the egg yolk, and 'nasi kuning' (yellow rice) is a celebratory dish colored with turmeric (kunyit). The root of the word kuning is linguistically related to kunyit, showing the deep connection between the color and the natural spice used to achieve it. This etymological link is a great mnemonic for learners. If you remember that turmeric makes food yellow, you can easily recall the word for the color. As you progress in your studies, you will also encounter kuning in medical terms like 'sakit kuning' (jaundice), illustrating how the word spans across fashion, food, politics, and health.

Gastronomy: Nasi kuning is essential for tumpeng, a cone-shaped rice dish for ceremonies.
Safety: Yellow lines on roads signify specific traffic regulations in Indonesia.

Daun-daun mulai berubah warna menjadi kuning di musim gugur.

Translation: The leaves are starting to turn yellow in autumn.

Using kuning correctly in Indonesian requires an understanding of basic sentence structure. In Indonesian, the modifier (adjective) almost always comes after the headword (noun). This is known as the D-M rule (Diterangkan-Menerangkan). For example, to say 'yellow house', you say rumah kuning. If you reverse it to kuning rumah, it sounds unnatural or poetic at best, and confusing at worst. This section will guide you through the various grammatical positions kuning can occupy, from simple descriptions to complex comparisons.

Attributive Use: Directly following the noun: 'Buku kuning itu milik saya' (That yellow book is mine).
Predicative Use: Acting as the predicate of the sentence: 'Langit sore ini tampak kuning' (The sky this afternoon looks yellow).
Compound Formations: Combining with other words: 'Kuning langsat' (a yellowish-cream skin tone highly prized in Indonesia).

Mobil kuning itu melaju sangat cepat di jalan tol.

Translation: That yellow car is speeding very fast on the toll road.

When you want to specify that you are talking about the 'color' yellow, you can add the word warna before it. Warna kuning is very common and helps clarify the context. For instance, in a shop, you might ask, 'Apakah ada warna kuning?' (Is there a yellow color?). This is particularly useful when the noun is implied. Another important aspect is intensity. To say 'bright yellow', you use kuning terang or kuning menyala. For 'pale yellow', you use kuning pucat. These modifiers follow the same D-M rule, where kuning is the thing being described as bright or pale.

Dinding kamarnya dicat dengan warna kuning gading.

Translation: His bedroom walls are painted with ivory yellow.

For more advanced usage, kuning can be transformed into a verb or a noun through affixation, though this is less common for simple colors. However, the reduplicated form kuning-kuning can be used to describe a collection of yellow things or something that is generally yellow. In literary contexts, the word keemasan (golden) is often used as a more poetic alternative to kuning. When describing the skin tone of many Southeast Asians, the term kuning langsat is used with a positive connotation, describing a healthy, light olive complexion. Mastering these nuances will make your Indonesian sound much more natural and expressive.

Comparatives: 'Lebih kuning' (yellower) or 'Paling kuning' (yellowest).
Abstract Usage: 'Kuning' in soccer refers to a yellow card (kartu kuning), symbolizing a warning.

Wasit memberikan kartu kuning kepada pemain nomor sepuluh.

Translation: The referee gave a yellow card to player number ten.

In Indonesia, kuning is a word that echoes through the vibrant daily life of the archipelago. One of the most common places you will hear it is at a pasar tradisional (traditional market). Vendors will shout about their fruits: 'Pisang kuning, manis!' (Yellow bananas, sweet!). Here, kuning is a synonym for quality and ripeness. You'll also hear it in the context of Indonesian cuisine. If you visit a Warung Nasi, the server might ask if you want nasi putih (white rice) or nasi kuning. The latter is a staple of Indonesian celebrations, and its name is so iconic that 'kuning' becomes inseparable from the dish itself.

The Streets: Traffic police and drivers constantly use 'lampu kuning' to refer to the caution light.
Celebrations: 'Janur kuning' (yellow coconut leaves) are seen outside houses hosting a wedding.
Health Clinics: Doctors use 'sakit kuning' to explain hepatitis or jaundice to patients in simple terms.

Ibu sedang memasak nasi kuning untuk ulang tahun adik.

Translation: Mother is cooking yellow rice for my younger sibling's birthday.

Another very common auditory encounter with kuning is in the world of sports, specifically football (soccer), which is the most popular sport in Indonesia. Commentators on television and fans in the stadium will frequently shout 'Kartu kuning!' when a foul occurs. This usage is identical to the English 'yellow card'. In the realm of pop culture, you might hear the word in song lyrics or movie titles, often used to describe the sun or a romanticized skin tone. Because Indonesia is a tropical country with abundant sunshine, kuning is a word that naturally fits into descriptions of the landscape and the environment.

Ada janur kuning di depan rumah itu, pasti ada pesta pernikahan.

Translation: There are yellow coconut leaves in front of that house; there must be a wedding party.

Finally, you will hear kuning in the context of waste management in some urban areas. Modern recycling initiatives in cities like Jakarta or Surabaya often use color-coded bins, where kuning is typically designated for inorganic waste or plastics. Educational programs for children often use catchy songs to remember these colors. So, whether you are navigating traffic, ordering food, watching a match, or even disposing of trash, the word kuning is a constant companion in the Indonesian linguistic experience. It is a word that bridges the gap between the ancient royal traditions and the bustling modern reality of the country.

Media: Newspapers might use 'pers kuning' to refer to yellow journalism/sensationalism.
Education: Kindergarten teachers use it to teach primary colors to young children.

Buanglah sampah plastik ke dalam tong sampah berwarna kuning.

Translation: Throw plastic waste into the yellow-colored trash bin.

One of the most frequent mistakes for English speakers learning Indonesian is the word order. In English, we say 'yellow shirt' (Adjective + Noun), but in Indonesian, it must be baju kuning (Noun + Adjective). Beginners often say kuning baju, which sounds completely backwards to a native speaker. This is a fundamental rule of Indonesian grammar that applies to all adjectives, but it is often first encountered with colors. Consistency in practicing the Noun-Adjective order is the only way to overcome this deeply ingrained English habit.

Word Order Error: Incorrect: 'Kuning mobil'. Correct: 'Mobil kuning'.
Confusing with Turmeric: Beginners sometimes confuse 'kuning' (the color) with 'kunyit' (the spice turmeric).
Overusing 'Adalah': Avoid saying 'Bunga itu adalah kuning'. Simply say 'Bunga itu kuning'.

Banyak siswa salah mengira bahwa kuning diletakkan sebelum kata benda.

Translation: Many students mistakenly think that 'kuning' is placed before the noun.

Another common pitfall is the confusion between kuning and kunyit. While they are related, kunyit is a noun meaning 'turmeric'. If you want to say something is 'turmeric-colored', you should say warna kunyit or kuning kunyit. Using just kunyit as an adjective to describe a car or a shirt is incorrect. Additionally, learners often try to use the English 'to be' (is/am/are) in sentences like 'The sun is yellow'. In Indonesian, you do not need a linking verb between a noun and an adjective. Saying Matahari adalah kuning is grammatically clunky; Matahari itu kuning is the natural way to express it.

Jangan bilang 'saya punya kuning tas', tapi katakan 'saya punya tas kuning'.

Translation: Don't say 'I have yellow bag', but say 'I have a bag [that is] yellow'.

Finally, be careful with the phrase kuning telur. While it literally translates to 'yellow egg', it specifically means 'egg yolk'. If you are trying to describe an egg that has a yellow shell (rare as that may be), you would need to be very specific to avoid being misunderstood as talking about the yolk. Similarly, in a medical context, sakit kuning is a set phrase. You cannot substitute kuning with other words like emas (gold) even if the skin tone looks golden; the medical condition is strictly sakit kuning. Avoiding these literal translations and focusing on how native speakers use the word in context will significantly improve your accuracy.

Article Misuse: Indonesian doesn't use 'a' or 'the' like English, so don't try to translate 'a yellow bird' as 'sebuah kuning burung'.
Pluralization: You don't pluralize 'kuning'. 'Yellow flowers' is 'bunga-bunga kuning', not 'bunga kuning-kuning' unless you mean 'yellowish'.

Kesalahan umum adalah melupakan bahwa kata sifat kuning harus mengikuti kata benda.

Translation: A common mistake is forgetting that the adjective 'yellow' must follow the noun.

While kuning is the standard word for yellow, Indonesian offers a rich palette of related terms that can add precision and flavor to your descriptions. Depending on the shade, the material, or the poetic intent, you might choose a different word. Understanding these alternatives allows you to describe the world with the same nuance as a native speaker. For instance, when describing something that isn't quite yellow but has a yellow tint, the suffix -an and reduplication are used to create kekuning-kuningan (yellowish).

Emas (Gold): Used for the metal or a metallic yellow color. 'Warna emas' is more prestigious than 'kuning'.
Jingga (Orange): The bridge between yellow and red. Often used for sunsets.
Gading (Ivory): A very pale, creamy yellow, often used in interior design or fashion.

Cahaya matahari pagi itu berwarna keemasan.

Translation: The morning sunlight was golden in color.

In more specific contexts, you might hear kuning kunyit (turmeric yellow), which is a deep, earthy yellow. This is very common in traditional textiles like batik. Then there is kuning langsat, which we mentioned earlier as a description for skin tone. It refers to the fruit langsat, which has a pale, buff-colored skin. Another specific shade is kuning gading, literally 'ivory yellow', used to describe a soft, elegant off-white with yellow undertones. If you are talking about something that is bright and neon-like, you might use kuning stabilo (highlighter yellow), named after the popular brand of highlighters.

Gaun itu bukan kuning biasa, tapi kuning gading yang sangat elegan.

Translation: That dress isn't ordinary yellow, but a very elegant ivory yellow.

When comparing kuning with other colors, it's helpful to know the 'primary color' group. In Indonesian, these are warna primer. Yellow (kuning), Red (merah), and Blue (biru) form the base. If you mix kuning and biru, you get hijau (green). If you mix kuning and merah, you get jingga or oranye. Knowing these relationships helps you navigate art and design conversations. In literary Indonesian, you might also find amarilis or citrin used in very specific, high-level writing, but kuning remains the versatile king of the yellow spectrum.

Kuning Langsat vs. Putih: Kuning langsat is often preferred over stark white (putih) in traditional beauty standards.
Kuning vs. Keemasan: 'Kuning' is a flat color; 'keemasan' implies a glow or shine like gold.

Warna jingga di langit sore itu bercampur dengan sedikit warna kuning.

Translation: The orange color in the evening sky mixed with a bit of yellow.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Because 'kuning' comes from the word for turmeric, the color and the spice are linguistically inseparable in many Southeast Asian languages.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈku.nɪŋ/

US /ˈku.nɪŋ/

The stress is slightly on the first syllable: KU-ning.

韻が合う語

pening (dizzy) hening (silent) bening (clear) kening (forehead) sening (rare) gening (rare) rening (rare) wening (clear/pure)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'u' as 'uh' (should be 'oo').
Pronouncing 'ng' as two separate sounds 'n' and 'g'.
Using an English 'y' sound at the start.
Adding an extra 'g' sound at the very end.
Confusing the 'i' sound with 'ee'.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to read as it follows standard phonetic rules.

ライティング 1/5

Simple spelling with no difficult consonant clusters.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires practice with the 'ng' nasal sound at the end.

リスニング 1/5

Distinct sound that is easy to catch in conversation.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

warna (color) ini (this) itu (that) ada (there is) baju (shirt)

次に学ぶ

merah (red) biru (blue) hijau (green) hitam (black) putih (white)

上級

keemasan (golden) jingga (orange) kunyit (turmeric) langsat (a fruit/skin tone) gading (ivory)

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Placement

Bunga kuning (Flower yellow) - The adjective comes after the noun.

No Copula (To Be)

Langit kuning (The sky [is] yellow) - No 'adalah' needed for simple description.

Negation with 'Tidak'

Tidak kuning (Not yellow) - Use 'tidak' for adjectives, not 'bukan'.

Reduplication for 'ish'

Kekuning-kuningan (Yellowish) - Doubling the word with affixes changes the intensity.

Prefix 'Ber-' for colors

Berwarna kuning (Having the color yellow) - Used to make the description more formal.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

Pisang itu berwarna kuning.

The banana is yellow in color.

The word 'berwarna' means 'has the color of'.

Saya punya baju kuning.

I have a yellow shirt.

Adjective 'kuning' follows the noun 'baju'.

Matahari itu kuning.

The sun is yellow.

No 'is' is needed between 'Matahari' and 'kuning'.

Ini bunga kuning.

This is a yellow flower.

Basic Noun + Adjective structure.

Mobil saya tidak kuning.

My car is not yellow.

'Tidak' is used to negate adjectives.

Ada dua buku kuning.

There are two yellow books.

Number + Noun + Adjective.

Tas itu sangat kuning.

That bag is very yellow.

'Sangat' (very) comes before the adjective.

Warna kesukaan saya adalah kuning.

My favorite color is yellow.

Using 'adalah' to define a favorite color.

Ibu membeli nasi kuning untuk sarapan.

Mother bought yellow rice for breakfast.

'Nasi kuning' is a compound noun.

Lampu kuning berarti kita harus hati-hati.

A yellow light means we must be careful.

'Berarti' means 'means' or 'signifies'.

Adik suka makan kuning telur saja.

My younger sibling only likes to eat the egg yolk.

'Kuning telur' specifically means yolk.

Dinding rumah itu dicat kuning muda.

The walls of that house are painted light yellow.

'Muda' (young) is used to mean 'light' for colors.

Daun yang kering itu berwarna kuning tua.

The dry leaf is dark yellow in color.

'Tua' (old) is used to mean 'dark' or 'deep' for colors.

Langit sore ini tampak sangat kuning.

The sky this afternoon looks very yellow.

'Tampak' means 'appears' or 'looks'.

Dia memakai sepatu kuning yang baru.

He is wearing new yellow shoes.

Adjective 'baru' follows the color 'kuning'.

Kucing itu memiliki mata berwarna kuning.

That cat has yellow-colored eyes.

'Memiliki' is a formal way to say 'has/possesses'.

Janur kuning dipasang di depan gang rumah pengantin.

Yellow coconut leaves are placed in front of the bride and groom's alley.

'Dipasang' is the passive form of 'pasang' (to install/place).

Wajahnya terlihat pucat dan sedikit kekuning-kuningan.

His face looks pale and a bit yellowish.

Reduplication + suffix '-an' creates the 'ish' meaning.

Dokter bilang dia terkena sakit kuning.

The doctor said he has jaundice.

'Sakit kuning' is the common term for jaundice/hepatitis.

Warna kuning sering dianggap sebagai simbol kebahagiaan.

The color yellow is often considered a symbol of happiness.

'Dianggap sebagai' means 'considered as'.

Petani itu menjemur jagung kuning di halaman.

The farmer is drying yellow corn in the yard.

'Menjemur' means to dry something in the sun.

Kita harus berhenti jika lampu berubah dari kuning ke merah.

We must stop if the light changes from yellow to red.

'Berubah dari... ke...' means 'change from... to...'.

Kuning kunyit adalah warna dasar kain batik ini.

Turmeric yellow is the base color of this batik cloth.

'Kuning kunyit' describes a specific shade.

Dia mewarnai gambarnya dengan krayon kuning.

She colored her drawing with a yellow crayon.

'Mewarnai' is the verb 'to color'.

Gadis itu memiliki kulit kuning langsat yang sangat cantik.

That girl has a very beautiful yellowish-cream skin tone.

'Kuning langsat' is a specific, culturally positive skin description.

Pers kuning seringkali menyebarkan berita yang belum tentu benar.

Yellow journalism often spreads news that isn't necessarily true.

'Pers kuning' is a loan translation of 'yellow journalism'.

Warna kuning gading memberikan kesan mewah pada ruangan ini.

The ivory yellow color gives a luxurious impression to this room.

'Memberikan kesan' means 'to give an impression'.

Wasit tidak ragu memberikan kartu kuning kedua kepada pemain itu.

The referee did not hesitate to give a second yellow card to that player.

'Ragu' means 'to hesitate'.

Bunga kamboja kuning itu harum sekali aromanya.

That yellow frangipani flower has a very fragrant aroma.

'Harum' means fragrant; 'aromanya' means its aroma.

Cahaya keemasan menyinari sawah-sawah di pagi hari.

Golden light shines on the rice fields in the morning.

'Keemasan' is a more poetic version of 'kuning'.

Dia lebih memilih cat kuning daripada cat putih untuk kamarnya.

He prefers yellow paint over white paint for his room.

'Lebih memilih... daripada...' is the structure for preference.

Kuning adalah warna identitas dari partai politik tersebut.

Yellow is the identity color of that political party.

'Identitas' means identity.

Warna kuning dalam tradisi Melayu melambangkan kemuliaan dan kekuasaan raja.

The color yellow in Malay tradition symbolizes the nobility and power of the king.

'Melambangkan' means 'to symbolize'.

Meskipun tampak kuning, logam ini sebenarnya bukan emas murni.

Although it looks yellow, this metal is actually not pure gold.

'Meskipun' means 'although'; 'sebenarnya' means 'actually'.

Penggunaan janur kuning bukan sekadar hiasan, melainkan memiliki makna filosofis.

The use of yellow coconut leaves is not just a decoration, but has a philosophical meaning.

'Bukan sekadar... melainkan...' means 'Not just... but rather...'.

Senja itu menghadirkan perpaduan warna jingga dan kuning yang dramatis.

That dusk presented a dramatic blend of orange and yellow colors.

'Menghadirkan' means 'to present' or 'to bring forth'.

Fenomena sakit kuning pada bayi baru lahir memerlukan penanganan medis segera.

The phenomenon of jaundice in newborns requires immediate medical treatment.

'Memerlukan' means 'to require'.

Kuning langsat sering dipuji dalam sastra lama sebagai standar kecantikan wanita.

Yellowish-cream skin is often praised in old literature as a standard of female beauty.

'Dipuji' is the passive of 'puji' (to praise).

Warna kuning cerah pada peringatan itu dimaksudkan agar mudah terlihat dari jauh.

The bright yellow color on that warning is intended to be easily seen from afar.

'Dimaksudkan agar' means 'intended so that'.

Dia mengoleksi prangko langka yang kertasnya sudah mulai menguning.

He collects rare stamps whose paper has already started to turn yellow.

'Menguning' is the verb form meaning 'to turn yellow'.

Eskalasi pers kuning di era digital telah mengaburkan batasan antara fakta dan opini.

The escalation of yellow journalism in the digital era has blurred the boundaries between fact and opinion.

'Mengaburkan' means 'to blur' or 'to obscure'.

Dalam heraldik Nusantara, kuning merupakan warna sakral yang tidak boleh digunakan sembarangan.

In Nusantara heraldry, yellow is a sacred color that must not be used carelessly.

'Sembarangan' means 'carelessly' or 'randomly'.

Secara etimologis, kata 'kuning' memiliki kaitan erat dengan rimpang kunyit dalam rumpun Austronesia.

Etymologically, the word 'kuning' has a close link with the turmeric rhizome in the Austronesian family.

'Secara etimologis' means 'etymologically'.

Manifestasi warna kuning pada lukisan itu mencerminkan optimisme sang seniman.

The manifestation of the color yellow in that painting reflects the artist's optimism.

'Mencerminkan' means 'to reflect'.

Degradasi warna pada artefak tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pigmen kuningnya bersifat organik.

The color degradation on the artifact shows that its yellow pigment is organic in nature.

'Bersifat' means 'to have the nature of'.

Kuning gading seringkali menjadi pilihan utama untuk menciptakan atmosfer nostalgia.

Ivory yellow is often the primary choice for creating a nostalgic atmosphere.

'Menciptakan' means 'to create'.

Apropriasi warna kuning dalam politik kontemporer seringkali memicu perdebatan ideologis.

The appropriation of the color yellow in contemporary politics often triggers ideological debates.

'Memicu' means 'to trigger' or 'to spark'.

Keberadaan janur kuning yang melambai seolah menjadi narasi visual tentang kesetiaan.

The presence of waving yellow coconut leaves seems to be a visual narrative about loyalty.

'Seolah menjadi' means 'as if becoming'.

よく使う組み合わせ

warna kuning

nasi kuning

kuning telur

lampu kuning

kartu kuning

sakit kuning

janur kuning

kuning langsat

kuning gading

emas kuning

よく使うフレーズ

Buku kuning

— Yellow pages (business directory) or a specific reference book.

Cari nomor teleponnya di buku kuning.

Kuning kemerahan

— Yellowish-red or orange-tinted yellow.

Langitnya kuning kemerahan.

Kuning kehijauan

— Yellowish-green or lime color.

Buahnya masih kuning kehijauan.

Kuning pucat

— Pale yellow, often used for sickness or old paper.

Wajahnya tampak kuning pucat.

Kuning menyala

— Bright, glowing yellow.

Bunganya berwarna kuning menyala.

Tinta kuning

— Yellow ink, common in printing contexts.

Tinta kuning printernya habis.

Kuning emas

— Gold-yellow, describing the color of gold.

Padi di sawah sudah kuning emas.

Sinar kuning

— Yellow light or ray.

Sinar kuning lampu jalan menyilaukan.

Garis kuning

— Yellow line, usually on roads or for safety.

Jangan melewati garis kuning.

Payung kuning

— Yellow umbrella, historically used by royalty.

Payung kuning itu simbol raja.

よく混同される語

kuning vs kunyit

Kunyit is the noun for turmeric; kuning is the adjective for the color yellow.

kuning vs pening

Pening means dizzy; it sounds similar but is unrelated to color.

kuning vs bening

Bening means clear or transparent (like water); easy to confuse for beginners.

慣用句と表現

"Melengkung janur kuning"

— To get married (literally: when the yellow coconut leaf curves).

Sebelum janur kuning melengkung, aku masih punya kesempatan.

romantic/informal

"Pers kuning"

— Yellow journalism; sensationalist and unreliable media.

Jangan percaya berita dari pers kuning itu.

formal

"Sakit kuning"

— Jaundice or hepatitis (referring to the yellowing of skin/eyes).

Anak itu menderita sakit kuning.

neutral

"Kuning telur"

— The center or the most important part (metaphorical) or just yolk.

Dia hanya makan kuning telurnya saja.

neutral

"Lampu kuning"

— A warning sign or a signal to be cautious in a situation.

Sikapnya sudah menjadi lampu kuning bagi kita.

metaphorical

"Kuning langsat"

— The ideal skin tone in traditional Indonesian beauty standards.

Banyak wanita mendambakan kulit kuning langsat.

neutral

"Menguningkan sawah"

— The ripening of rice crops, signifying harvest time.

Padi sudah menguning, saatnya panen.

agricultural/literary

"Kartu kuning"

— A formal warning in sports or professional settings.

Dia mendapat kartu kuning dari bosnya.

informal/metaphorical

"Kuning gading"

— A term for something pure and elegant (like ivory).

Kecantikannya bagai kuning gading.

literary

"Kuning kunyit"

— Something that is deeply and naturally stained or colored.

Bajunya kuning kunyit karena tumpahan masakan.

neutral

間違えやすい

kuning vs kunyit

They share the same linguistic root.

Kunyit is the physical spice; kuning is the visual property.

Ibu pakai kunyit untuk buat nasi kuning.

kuning vs keemasan

Both refer to yellow-like hues.

Keemasan implies a metallic or glowing quality; kuning is flat.

Emas itu kuning, tapi cahayanya keemasan.

kuning vs jingga

They are adjacent colors.

Jingga has more red/orange tones; kuning is pure yellow.

Jeruk ini lebih jingga daripada kuning.

kuning vs gading

Used to describe pale yellow.

Gading is specifically ivory (off-white yellow); kuning is the general term.

Kertas lama itu warnanya kuning gading.

kuning vs pucat

Yellow skin can be described as pale.

Pucat means lacking color; kuning describes a specific sick tint.

Wajahnya pucat, tapi matanya kuning.

文型パターン

[Noun] itu kuning.

Buku itu kuning.

Ini [Noun] kuning.

Ini tas kuning.

[Noun] berwarna kuning [Muda/Tua].

Baju berwarna kuning muda.

[Noun] tampak kekuning-kuningan.

Wajahnya tampak kekuning-kuningan.

Warna [Noun] adalah kuning [Specific Shade].

Warna dinding adalah kuning gading.

Kuning melambangkan [Abstract Noun].

Kuning melambangkan kemuliaan.

Manifestasi warna kuning pada [Context]...

Manifestasi warna kuning pada lukisan itu sangat kuat.

Apropriasi warna kuning dalam [Context]...

Apropriasi warna kuning dalam politik sangat menarik.

語族

名詞

kekuningan (yellowness)

kuning telur (egg yolk)

動詞

menguning (to turn yellow/to ripen)

menguningkan (to make something yellow)

形容詞

kuning (yellow)

kekuning-kuningan (yellowish)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high; it is one of the top 1000 most used words in Indonesian.

よくある間違い

Kuning baju → Baju kuning
In Indonesian, adjectives must follow the noun. This is the most common error for English speakers.
Bunga itu adalah kuning → Bunga itu kuning
You don't need the word 'adalah' (is) to connect a noun to an adjective in simple descriptions.
Saya suka kunyit warna → Saya suka warna kuning
Don't confuse the spice (kunyit) with the color (kuning) when describing objects.
Dua kuning buku → Dua buku kuning
The number comes first, then the noun, then the adjective.
Baju kuning-kuning → Baju-baju kuning
To make it plural, repeat the noun, not the color (unless you mean 'yellowish').

ヒント

Adjective Order

Always put 'kuning' after the noun. Think 'Banana Yellow' instead of 'Yellow Banana'.

Royal Yellow

If you visit a palace (Keraton) in Java, you will notice yellow everywhere. It's the king's color!

Nasi Kuning

Nasi kuning is often served in a cone shape called 'tumpeng'. It's for special celebrations.

Kuning & Kunyit

Remember that 'Kunyit' (Turmeric) makes things 'Kuning'. They both start with 'Kun-'.

The 'NG' Sound

Don't let the 'g' be heard separately. It's one smooth nasal sound at the end of 'kuning'.

Shades of Yellow

Use 'muda' for light and 'tua' for dark. 'Kuning muda' is light yellow.

Traffic Lights

In Indonesia, 'lampu kuning' means 'prepare to stop', but many drivers use it to 'speed up'!

Sakit Kuning

If someone says they have 'sakit kuning', they are talking about a liver-related health issue.

Janur Kuning

Seeing 'janur kuning' on the street is a great way to find a local wedding celebration.

Party Colors

Yellow is the color of Golkar. Seeing lots of yellow shirts might mean a political rally.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Cool King' (Kuning) wearing a bright yellow crown. The 'Ku' sounds like 'Cool' and 'ning' sounds like 'King'.

視覚的連想

Visualize a bright yellow banana (pisang) with the word KUNING written on it in bold letters.

Word Web

Matahari (Sun) Pisang (Banana) Kunyit (Turmeric) Emas (Gold) Lemon (Lemon) Nasi (Rice) Lampu (Light) Kartu (Card)

チャレンジ

Go through your house and point at 5 yellow things, saying 'Ini [benda] kuning' for each one.

語源

The word 'kuning' originates from the Proto-Malayo-Polynesian word '*kunij', which specifically referred to turmeric.

元の意味： Turmeric (the plant/spice used for its yellow dye).

Austronesian -> Malayo-Polynesian -> Sunda-Sulawesi -> Malayic.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'sakit kuning' (jaundice); it's a medical condition and should be used with empathy.

In English, yellow can imply cowardice, but in Indonesian, it has no such negative connotation; it is mostly associated with royalty or joy.

Nasi Kuning (Traditional dish) Golkar (The 'Yellow' Party) Janur Kuning (Wedding symbol)

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the Market

Apakah ada pisang kuning?
Berapa harga jeruk kuning ini?
Saya mau mangga yang sudah kuning.
Kuningnya bagus sekali.

Driving

Hati-hati, lampu kuning!
Jangan rem mendadak di lampu kuning.
Mobil kuning itu pelan sekali.
Lihat garis kuning di jalan.

Cooking

Kita butuh kuning telur.
Masak nasi kuning untuk pesta.
Tambahkan kunyit agar warnanya kuning.
Kuning telurnya pecah.

Fashion

Baju kuning cocok untukmu.
Saya suka sepatu kuning itu.
Tas kuning ini sangat mahal.
Warna kuning sedang tren.

Sports

Dia dapat kartu kuning.
Wasit salah kasih kartu kuning.
Itu kartu kuning kedua.
Jangan sampai kena kartu kuning.

会話のきっかけ

"Apakah kamu suka warna kuning?"

"Menurutmu, apakah baju kuning ini cocok untukku?"

"Di mana kita bisa beli nasi kuning yang enak?"

"Kenapa lampu lalu lintas itu kuningnya lama sekali?"

"Apakah kamu tahu arti janur kuning di depan rumah itu?"

日記のテーマ

Tuliskan tiga benda di kamarmu yang berwarna kuning dan jelaskan fungsinya.

Ceritakan pengalamanmu saat pertama kali mencoba makan nasi kuning.

Bagaimana perasaanmu saat melihat warna kuning di pagi hari?

Tuliskan pendapatmu tentang penggunaan kartu kuning dalam pertandingan sepak bola.

Deskripsikan pemandangan matahari terbenam yang berwarna kuning keemasan.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, primarily. However, it can function as a noun when referring to the color itself, like in 'Saya suka kuning' (I like yellow).

You use the form 'kekuning-kuningan'. For example, 'Awan itu kekuning-kuningan' (That cloud is yellowish).

It is a popular Indonesian rice dish cooked with coconut milk and turmeric, which gives it a bright yellow color.

No, unlike in English, 'kuning' does not carry the meaning of cowardice. It is generally a positive or neutral color.

It is often used metaphorically to mean a 'warning' or that someone should proceed with caution in a situation.

This is a historical tradition in many Malay and Javanese sultanates where yellow symbolized high status and divinity.

It is two separate words that function together as a compound noun meaning 'egg yolk'.

Yes, 'kuning langsat' is a very common and complimentary way to describe a light olive skin tone in Indonesia.

It is the colloquial term for jaundice or hepatitis, referring to the yellowing of the skin and eyes.

You pluralize the noun: 'Mobil-mobil kuning'. You do not change the word 'kuning'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る