눅눅하다 30秒で
- Describes things that are soggy or unpleasantly damp.
- Often used for stale food, damp clothes, or humid weather.
- Implies a loss of crispness and a soft, yielding texture.
- Commonly heard during the rainy season or when discussing food storage.
Understanding 눅눅하다
The Korean adjective 눅눅하다 (nuknukhada) is used to describe something that has become soft and damp, often due to moisture or staleness. It carries a sense of unpleasantness, suggesting a loss of crispness or firmness. Think about how crackers left out in humid air lose their crunch and become unpleasantly soft – that's a perfect example of something being 눅눅하다. It's not just about being wet; it's about a specific kind of soft, yielding texture that comes from absorbing moisture or simply not being fresh anymore. This word is quite common in everyday Korean conversation, especially when discussing food, clothing, or even the general atmosphere of a place.
- Food Items
- When snacks like chips, cookies, or bread are not stored properly and absorb moisture from the air, they become 눅눅하다. This is a very common complaint among Koreans.
- Clothing and Laundry
- Clothes that haven't dried completely after washing, or clothes worn on a very humid day, can feel 눅눅하다. This can be uncomfortable and sometimes lead to a musty smell.
- Environment
- In very humid weather, especially during the summer monsoon season in Korea, the air itself can feel 눅눅하다. This refers to the general dampness and lack of freshness in the atmosphere.
- Bedding and Furniture
- Bedding, like blankets or mattresses, can become 눅눅하다 if there's poor ventilation or high humidity, making them feel unpleasant to sleep on.
과자 봉지를 제대로 닫지 않아서 눅눅해졌어요.
It's a versatile word that captures a specific sensory experience. Understanding its nuances helps in describing everyday situations more vividly. For instance, you might complain about your umbrella feeling 눅눅하다 after a rainy day, or the gym towel feeling 눅눅하다 if it wasn't aired out properly.
장마철이라 집 안 공기가 눅눅해요.
The feeling of 눅눅하다 is often associated with a lack of freshness and can be quite unpleasant. It's a word that appeals to the sense of touch and even smell, as dampness can sometimes lead to musty odors. Therefore, when you hear this word, you can imagine something that has lost its desirable texture and has become unpleasantly soft and moist. It’s a common complaint during the humid summer months in Korea, and people often use dehumidifiers to combat this feeling.
Constructing Sentences with 눅눅하다
Using 눅눅하다 in sentences is straightforward, as it functions as a descriptive adjective. You can directly attach it to the noun it describes or use it with the connector '-하다' to form a predicate. The verb form, 눅눅해지다 (nuknukhadae-jida), meaning 'to become soggy/damp', is also very common and often used to describe a change in state. Let's explore various sentence structures:
- Direct Adjective Use
- You can place 눅눅하다 before a noun, often with the attributive form 눅눅한 (nuknukhan). For example, 눅눅한 빵 (nuknukhan ppang) means 'soggy bread'.
- Predicate Use with -하다
- The most common way to use it is as a predicate: 'Noun + 이/가 + 눅눅하다'. For instance, '과자가 눅눅하다' (gwajaga nuknukhada) means 'The crackers are soggy'.
- Describing a Change with 눅눅해지다
- To express that something has become soggy, use 눅눅해지다. '빵이 눅눅해졌어요' (ppangi nuknukhadaejyeosseoyo) means 'The bread has become soggy'.
- Describing the Environment
- You can also use it to describe the general feeling of a place or the air: '날씨가 눅눅하다' (nalssiga nuknukhada) means 'The weather is damp/humid'.
어제 산 과자가 벌써 눅눅해졌어요.
Remember to conjugate the verb ending appropriately based on politeness levels and tense. For example, for casual speech, you might use 눅눅해 (nuknukhae), and for formal speech, 눅눅합니다 (nuknukhamnida).
이불이 눅눅해서 햇볕에 말려야겠어요.
When talking about food, it's common to use the verb form 눅눅해지다 to indicate the process of losing crispness. For example, '튀김이 눅눅해지면 맛이 없어요' (twigimi nuknukhadaejimyeon masi eopseoyo) means 'Fried food isn't tasty when it becomes soggy'.
습도가 높아서 옷이 잘 마르지 않고 눅눅하다.
Real-World Usage of 눅눅하다
The word 눅눅하다 is frequently heard in everyday Korean conversations, particularly in contexts related to weather, food, and household conditions. It's a very practical word that native speakers use to describe common inconveniences and sensations.
- During Rainy Season (장마철 - Jangmacheol)
- This is perhaps the most common time to hear 눅눅하다. People will complain about the air feeling 눅눅하다, their clothes not drying properly and feeling 눅눅하다, or even their homes feeling generally damp and 눅눅하다. You'll hear phrases like '오늘 날씨가 너무 눅눅해' (oneul nalssiga neomu nuknukhae - The weather is so damp today).
- When Discussing Food
- After opening a bag of chips or cookies and not sealing it well, or if they've been stored for too long, Koreans will often say, '이 과자 눅눅해졌네' (i gwaja nuknukhaejyeonne - These crackers have become soggy). This applies to bread, pastries, and any food that should be crisp.
- After Doing Laundry
- If clothes are hung to dry indoors, especially in humid weather, they might not dry completely and remain slightly damp. A common remark would be, '빨래가 덜 말라서 눅눅해' (ppallae-ga deol mallaseo nuknukhae - The laundry hasn't dried completely and is damp).
- In Homes and Apartments
- Especially in older buildings or during humid seasons, people might talk about their rooms feeling 눅눅하다. This could lead to discussions about using dehumidifiers (제습기 - jesepgi) or opening windows for ventilation.
- Describing Personal Items
- A towel that hasn't dried properly, a gym bag that smells musty, or even a book that got wet can be described as 눅눅하다.
여름에는 에어컨을 켜도 집 안이 눅눅할 때가 많아요.
You'll also hear it in informal settings, like friends complaining about snacks at a party or family members discussing household chores. The word is so common because the sensation it describes is a frequent occurrence in daily life for many Koreans.
이 빵은 보관을 잘못해서 눅눅해졌네.
Avoiding Pitfalls with 눅눅하다
While 눅눅하다 is a common word, learners sometimes make mistakes in its application or confuse it with similar-sounding or related concepts. Here are some common errors to watch out for:
- Confusing with 'Wet' (젖다 - jeotda)
- The most frequent mistake is using 눅눅하다 when the intended meaning is simply 'wet'. 젖다 means to be wet from being exposed to water. 눅눅하다 implies a dampness that has caused something to lose its firmness or crispness, often due to humidity or poor drying, and it carries a negative connotation of staleness. For example, rain-soaked clothes are '젖은 옷' (jeojeun ot), not '눅눅한 옷' (nuknukhan ot), unless they've been left in a damp state for a long time and feel unpleasantly soft.
- Overusing for Freshly Washed Items
- While clothes can feel 눅눅하다 if they haven't dried completely, it's incorrect to describe freshly washed, clean, but still wet clothes as 눅눅하다. The term implies a state of being damp and slightly stale, not just wet.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Learners might incorrectly conjugate the verb form 눅눅해지다. For instance, saying '과자가 눅눅하다' (gwajaga nuknukhada) when they mean 'The crackers have become soggy' is less precise than using '과자가 눅눅해졌어요' (gwajaga nuknukhadaejyeosseoyo).
- Applying to Things That Should Be Wet
- You wouldn't describe a wet towel used for cleaning or a sponge that's been used with water as 눅눅하다, unless it's been left in a damp, unventilated state for too long and developed a stale odor or texture. The primary meaning relates to a loss of crispness or firmness due to absorbed moisture.
- Not Differentiating from 'Stale' (쉬다 - swida)
- While 눅눅하다 often implies staleness, it specifically refers to the texture caused by dampness. '쉬다' means to go bad or become stale in a more general sense (like old bread that's gone moldy or sour). 눅눅하다 is about the physical texture resulting from moisture.
Mistake: 비에 젖은 옷은 눅눅하다. (Clothes wet from rain are soggy.)
Mistake: 이 빵은 쉬어서 눅눅하다. (This bread is stale and soggy.)
Exploring Related Vocabulary
While 눅눅하다 has a specific meaning, understanding related words helps to grasp its nuances and choose the most appropriate term in different situations. Here's a comparison with similar words:
- 젖다 (jeotda) - To be wet
- This is the most basic word for 'wet'. It simply means to be covered or saturated with liquid. It doesn't carry the implication of losing crispness or becoming unpleasantly soft.
Example: 비를 맞아서 옷이 젖었어요. (Bi-reul majaseo osi jeojeosseoyo.) - My clothes got wet from the rain.
Contrast: 눅눅하다 implies a state that develops *after* being wet or from prolonged exposure to humidity, where the object loses its original texture. - 축축하다 (chukchuk-hada) - To be damp, moist
- 축축하다 is very similar to 눅눅하다 and can often be used interchangeably, especially when describing the general dampness of the environment or an object. However, 눅눅하다 often emphasizes the loss of crispness or a slightly stale feeling, particularly with food. 축축하다 can sometimes be more neutral, simply describing the presence of moisture.
Example: 오래된 지하실은 항상 축축하다. (Orae-doen jihasil-eun hangsang chukchuk-hada.) - Old basements are always damp.
Nuance: While both describe dampness, 눅눅하다 leans more towards 'soggy' and 'stale-feeling', whereas 축축하다 can simply mean 'damp'. - 물기 (mulgi) - Moisture
- This is a noun referring to the presence of moisture. It's not an adjective describing a state.
Example: 수건에 물기가 남아 있다. (Sugeon-e mulgi-ga nam-a itda.) - There is moisture left on the towel.
Relation: 눅눅하다 describes the *result* of having too much 물기. - 눅눅해지다 (nuknukhadae-jida) - To become soggy/damp
- This is the verb form derived from 눅눅하다, indicating the process of becoming soggy or damp. It's often used when describing a change in state.
Example: 비에 젖었던 신발이 잘 마르지 않아 눅눅해졌다. (Bi-e jeojeotdeon sinbal-i jal mareuji ana nuknukhadaejyeotda.) - The shoes that got wet in the rain didn't dry well and became soggy.
습하다 (seup-hada) - To be humid
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The repetition of '눅' (nuk) in 눅눅하다 emphasizes the quality of being soft and damp. Many Korean descriptive words use reduplication to intensify or specify a meaning, such as '반짝반짝' (banjjakbanjjak - sparkling) or '보들보들' (bodeulbodeul - soft). The '눅' sound itself might evoke a soft, somewhat mushy texture.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the vowels too long.
- Misplacing the stress on the second or third syllable.
- Not clearly articulating the final 'k' sound in '눅'.
難易度
The word is common and its meaning is usually clear from context, especially when describing food or weather. Understanding the nuance between 'damp' and 'soggy' might require some exposure.
Easy to use in simple sentences. More advanced usage might involve describing complex environmental factors or nuanced sensory experiences.
Very commonly used in everyday conversations, especially during certain seasons. Learners will likely encounter and use it frequently.
High frequency in spoken Korean, making it easy to recognize when heard in context.
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Using the attributive form '눅눅한' to modify nouns.
눅눅한 빵은 먹기 싫어요. (Nuknukhan ppang-eun meokgi sireoyo.) - I don't want to eat soggy bread.
Using the verb form '눅눅해지다' to describe a change of state.
습기가 많아서 신발이 눅눅해졌어요. (Seupgi-ga manaseo sinbal-i nuknukhadaejyeosseoyo.) - The shoes became damp because there was a lot of humidity.
Connecting '눅눅하다' with reasons using '-아서/어서'.
비가 와서 옷이 눅눅해요. (Biga waseo osi nuknukhaeyo.) - My clothes are damp because it rained.
Using '눅눅함' as a noun to refer to the state of sogginess.
여름철 눅눅함은 정말 괴로워요. (Yeoreumcheol nuknukham-eun jeongmal goerowoyo.) - Summer dampness is truly distressing.
Expressing a preference or aversion using '-기 싫다' or '-고 싶다' with 눅눅하다.
눅눅한 음식을 먹기 싫어요. (Nuknukhan eumshig-eul meokgi sireoyo.) - I don't want to eat soggy food.
レベル別の例文
과자가 눅눅해요.
The crackers are soggy.
눅눅해요 is the polite informal ending of 눅눅하다.
빵이 눅눅해요.
The bread is soggy.
Use 이/가 with the subject.
옷이 눅눅해요.
The clothes are damp.
Can be used for clothes that didn't dry properly.
날씨가 눅눅해요.
The weather is damp.
Describes the general feeling of the air.
신발이 눅눅해요.
The shoes are damp.
After getting wet and not drying.
이불이 눅눅해요.
The blanket is damp.
Can describe bedding.
수건이 눅눅해요.
The towel is damp.
A towel that hasn't dried fully.
바닥이 눅눅해요.
The floor is damp.
If there's been a spill or high humidity.
눅눅한 과자는 맛이 없어요.
Soggy crackers don't taste good.
눅눅한 is the attributive form of 눅눅하다.
비가 와서 집이 눅눅해졌어요.
It rained, so the house became damp.
눅눅해졌어요 means 'became damp'.
빨래가 잘 마르지 않아서 눅눅해요.
The laundry isn't drying well, so it's damp.
Explains the reason for being damp.
장마철이라 공기가 눅눅해요.
It's the rainy season, so the air is damp.
Common phrase during monsoon season.
과자 봉지를 제대로 닫지 않으면 눅눅해져요.
If you don't close the snack bag properly, they become soggy.
Describes a cause-and-effect relationship.
축축한 신발은 눅눅한 냄새가 나요.
Damp shoes smell musty.
Connects dampness with smell.
습도가 높아서 모든 것이 눅눅하게 느껴져요.
The humidity is high, so everything feels damp.
습도 (humidity) is related.
어제 산 빵이 벌써 눅눅해졌어요.
The bread I bought yesterday has already become soggy.
Emphasizes the change over time.
오래된 책들은 습기 때문에 눅눅해지기 쉽습니다.
Old books easily become damp due to moisture.
습기 (moisture) and -기 쉽다 (easily) are used.
여름 장마철에는 제습기를 사용하지 않으면 집안이 눅눅해집니다.
During the summer rainy season, if you don't use a dehumidifier, the house becomes damp.
제습기 (dehumidifier) is a relevant vocabulary item.
눅눅한 옷을 입으면 불쾌감을 느낄 수 있습니다.
You can feel discomfort wearing damp clothes.
불쾌감 (discomfort) is a related feeling.
튀김 요리는 눅눅해지기 전에 먹어야 가장 맛있습니다.
Fried food is most delicious when eaten before it becomes soggy.
Contrasts 'soggy' with 'delicious'.
눅눅한 침구는 곰팡이의 원인이 될 수 있으니 주의해야 합니다.
Damp bedding can be a cause of mold, so you should be careful.
곰팡이 (mold) is a consequence of dampness.
환기가 잘 되지 않는 방은 눅눅한 냄새가 나기 마련입니다.
A room with poor ventilation is bound to smell musty.
환기 (ventilation) and -기 마련이다 (is bound to) are used.
눅눅한 상태로 보관된 곡물은 상하기 쉽습니다.
Grains stored in a damp state are prone to spoiling.
상하다 (to spoil) is a related negative outcome.
눅눅한 신발은 발 건강에도 좋지 않습니다.
Damp shoes are also not good for foot health.
Connects dampness to health issues.
고온 다습한 날씨는 눅눅함을 유발하여 불쾌지수를 높입니다.
Hot and humid weather causes dampness, raising the discomfort index.
고온 다습 (hot and humid), 불쾌지수 (discomfort index) are relevant terms.
눅눅한 옷을 말리기 위해 햇볕이 잘 드는 곳에 널어야 합니다.
To dry damp clothes, you should hang them in a sunny place.
Emphasizes the proper drying method.
눅눅한 환경은 미생물의 번식을 촉진시키므로 위생 관리가 중요합니다.
A damp environment promotes the growth of microorganisms, so hygiene management is important.
미생물 (microorganisms), 번식 (growth), 위생 관리 (hygiene management) are key.
눅눅해진 빵은 튀김옷을 입혀 다시 바삭하게 만들 수 있습니다.
Soggy bread can be made crispy again by coating it with batter and frying.
Describes a method to salvage soggy food.
눅눅한 바닥은 미끄러울 수 있으니 주의해서 걸어야 합니다.
Damp floors can be slippery, so you should walk carefully.
Connects dampness to safety hazards.
눅눅한 공기는 실내 공기 질을 저하시켜 호흡기 질환을 유발할 수 있습니다.
Damp air can degrade indoor air quality and cause respiratory illnesses.
실내 공기 질 (indoor air quality), 호흡기 질환 (respiratory illnesses).
눅눅한 상태의 종이는 쉽게 찢어지고 형태를 유지하기 어렵습니다.
Paper in a damp state tears easily and is difficult to maintain its shape.
Describes physical properties of damp paper.
눅눅한 옷을 입고 운동하면 피부 트러블이 생길 가능성이 높습니다.
Wearing damp clothes while exercising increases the likelihood of skin problems.
피부 트러블 (skin problems).
눅눅한 환경은 건축 자재의 내구성을 저하시키는 주요 요인 중 하나입니다.
A damp environment is one of the main factors that reduce the durability of building materials.
건축 자재 (building materials), 내구성 (durability).
눅눅한 방바닥은 냉기까지 더해져 더욱 추운 느낌을 주곤 합니다.
Damp floorboards, combined with cold air, often give a feeling of greater coldness.
냉기 (cold air), -곤 하다 (often).
습기가 많은 날에는 눅눅함을 방지하기 위해 항온항습기를 가동하는 것이 좋습니다.
On days with high humidity, it is advisable to operate a thermohygrostat to prevent dampness.
항온항습기 (thermohygrostat).
눅눅한 상태로 방치된 전자제품은 내부 부식으로 인해 고장의 위험이 있습니다.
Electronic products left in a damp state are at risk of malfunction due to internal corrosion.
부식 (corrosion), 고장 (malfunction).
눅눅함은 단순히 물기가 있는 상태를 넘어, 불쾌한 감각과 함께 특유의 냄새를 동반하는 경우가 많습니다.
Dampness goes beyond simply being wet; it often comes with unpleasant sensations and a characteristic odor.
Distinguishes 눅눅함 from simple wetness.
눅눅한 옷을 입고 야외 활동을 할 경우, 체온 조절에 어려움을 겪을 수 있습니다.
When engaging in outdoor activities wearing damp clothes, one may experience difficulties with body temperature regulation.
체온 조절 (body temperature regulation).
눅눅한 식재료는 미생물 번식에 최적의 환경을 제공하여 식중독의 위험을 증가시킵니다.
Damp food ingredients provide an optimal environment for microbial growth, increasing the risk of food poisoning.
식중독 (food poisoning).
눅눅한 상태의 목재는 썩기 쉬우며, 이는 구조물의 안정성에 심각한 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.
Wood in a damp state is prone to rot, which can seriously affect the stability of structures.
썩다 (to rot), 구조물 (structure), 안정성 (stability).
고습 환경에서의 눅눅함은 단순히 불쾌감을 넘어, 장기적으로는 거주자의 건강과 자산 가치에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 복합적인 문제입니다.
Dampness in high-humidity environments is more than just discomfort; it is a complex issue that negatively impacts residents' health and asset value in the long term.
Complex sentence structure and advanced vocabulary.
눅눅한 옷을 관리하지 않고 방치할 경우, 섬유 손상과 더불어 세균의 온상이 되어 심각한 위생 문제를 야기할 수 있습니다.
Failing to manage and leaving damp clothes unattended can lead to fiber damage and become a breeding ground for bacteria, causing serious hygiene problems.
세균의 온상 (breeding ground for bacteria).
눅눅한 상태의 건축 자재는 수축과 팽창을 반복하며 구조적 결함을 야기할 수 있으며, 이는 치명적인 안전 사고로 이어질 가능성을 내포합니다.
Building materials in a damp state can cause structural defects through repeated contraction and expansion, implying a potential for fatal safety accidents.
수축과 팽창 (contraction and expansion), 구조적 결함 (structural defects).
눅눅한 공기는 호흡기 점막을 자극하여 만성적인 기침, 천식 악화 등 다양한 호흡기 질환의 발병률을 높이는 데 기여합니다.
Damp air irritates the respiratory mucosa, contributing to an increased incidence of various respiratory diseases such as chronic cough and exacerbation of asthma.
호흡기 점막 (respiratory mucosa), 천식 악화 (exacerbation of asthma), 발병률 (incidence).
눅눅해진 음식은 단순히 맛의 저하를 넘어, 유해한 미생물이나 독소가 생성될 위험이 있어 섭취를 지양해야 합니다.
Soggy food not only suffers from a decline in taste but also carries the risk of producing harmful microorganisms or toxins, thus its consumption should be avoided.
유해한 미생물 (harmful microorganisms), 섭취를 지양하다 (avoid consumption).
눅눅한 환경에서 장기간 노출된 가구는 목재의 뒤틀림, 접착제의 분해 등 복합적인 손상을 입게 되어 복원 자체가 어려워집니다.
Furniture exposed to a damp environment for an extended period sustains complex damage such as wood warping and adhesive decomposition, making restoration itself difficult.
뒤틀림 (warping), 접착제 (adhesive), 복원 (restoration).
눅눅한 바닥재는 미생물 번식의 온상이 될 뿐만 아니라, 습기 흡수로 인한 팽창으로 인해 바닥 전체의 평탄성을 해칠 수 있습니다.
Damp flooring not only becomes a breeding ground for microorganisms but can also cause expansion due to moisture absorption, compromising the overall flatness of the floor.
평탄성 (flatness).
눅눅한 공기는 대기 중 오염 물질의 농도를 증가시키고, 이는 결국 인체 건강에 해로운 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.
Damp air increases the concentration of airborne pollutants, which can ultimately have detrimental effects on human health.
대기 중 오염 물질 (airborne pollutants).
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— It has become soggy/damp.
과자가 눅눅해졌어요. (Gwajaga nuknukhadaejyeosseoyo.) - The crackers have become soggy.
— It is soggy/damp.
옷이 눅눅해요. (Osi nuknukhaeyo.) - The clothes are damp.
— A musty/damp smell.
눅눅한 냄새가 나요. (Nuknukhan naemsae-ga nayo.) - It smells musty.
— Soggy crackers.
눅눅한 과자는 먹기 싫어요. (Nuknukhan gwajaneun meokgi sireoyo.) - I don't want to eat soggy crackers.
— Damp weather.
눅눅한 날씨에는 불쾌지수가 올라가요. (Nuknukhan nalssi-eneun bulkeojisu-ga ollagayo.) - The discomfort index rises on damp days.
— To be soggy/damp.
이불이 눅눅하다. (Ibul-i nuknukhada.) - The blanket is damp.
— A state of being soggy/damp.
눅눅한 상태로 보관하지 마세요. (Nuknukhan sangtaero bogwanhaji maseyo.) - Do not store it in a damp state.
— Sogginess/Dampness (noun).
여름철 눅눅함은 괴로워요. (Yeoreumcheol nuknukham-eun goerowoyo.) - Summer dampness is distressing.
— Soggy bread.
눅눅한 빵은 토스트하기 좋아요. (Nuknukhan ppang-eun toseuthagi joayo.) - Soggy bread is good for toasting.
— So as not to become soggy/damp.
과자를 눅눅해지지 않게 잘 밀봉했어요. (Gwajareul nuknukhadaejiji anke jal milbonghaesseoyo.) - I sealed the crackers well so they wouldn't become soggy.
よく混同される語
축축하다 is very similar and often interchangeable, meaning 'damp' or 'moist'. However, 눅눅하다 often carries a stronger implication of losing crispness or having a stale quality, particularly with food. 축축하다 can be a more general descriptor of dampness.
젖다 means 'to be wet'. It describes the state of being covered in liquid. 눅눅하다 describes the *result* of being wet and not drying properly, leading to a loss of crispness or a soft, unpleasant texture. Something can be 젖다 without being 눅눅하다 (e.g., freshly washed, clean clothes), but prolonged dampness often leads to 눅눅하다.
습하다 means 'to be humid', referring to the moisture content in the air. 눅눅하다 describes the state of an object or environment *affected* by humidity. High 습도 often leads to things becoming 눅눅하다.
慣用句と表現
— Even soggy bread tastes good when toasted. This idiom suggests that even something that has lost its initial appeal or quality can be improved or made useful again through some effort or transformation.
처음에는 관심 없어 보이더니, 나중에는 열심히 하더라. 눅눅한 빵도 토스트하면 맛있다고 하더니만.
Informal— A soggy/damp rainy season. This phrase is not a formal idiom but a very common descriptive phrase used to characterize the unpleasant, humid, and often dreary weather during the monsoon season in Korea.
아, 또 눅눅한 장마철이 시작되었네. 빨래가 마를 날이 없겠어.
Informal— Don't walk around wearing damp clothes. This is a piece of practical advice, often given to children or those who might be careless about their well-being, highlighting the discomfort and potential health issues associated with wearing damp clothing.
감기 걸리기 쉬우니까 눅눅한 옷 입고 다니지 마세요.
Informal— The damp air stings the nose. This is a descriptive phrase that emphasizes the oppressive and unpleasant quality of very humid air, suggesting it's not just moist but also heavy and irritating.
비가 그쳤지만, 눅눅한 공기가 코를 찌르는 듯했다.
Descriptive— To lose crispness (to become soggy). This is more of a descriptive pairing than a strict idiom, but it's a common way to express the negative transformation of crispy foods.
감자칩이 눅눅해져서 바삭함을 잃었다.
Descriptive— A damp feeling/atmosphere. This phrase refers to a general sense of dampness or humidity in the air or a place.
환기를 안 해서 방 안에 눅눅한 기운이 감돈다.
Descriptive— Damp shoes are harmful to foot health. This is a direct statement of fact, often used as advice, emphasizing the negative health consequences of wearing damp footwear.
운동 후에는 꼭 신발을 말려서 눅눅한 신발은 발 건강에 해롭다는 것을 잊지 마세요.
Informal/Advisory— A musty mold smell. This phrase specifically links the dampness with the characteristic odor of mold, which is a common consequence of prolonged dampness.
오래된 옷장에서는 늘 눅눅한 곰팡이 냄새가 난다.
Descriptive— To leave something in a damp state. This describes the act of neglecting to dry or properly store something, leading to it becoming damp.
빨래를 눅눅한 상태로 방치하면 냄새가 나요.
Descriptive— A damp feeling. This is a general phrase to describe the sensation of dampness.
손에 눅눅한 느낌이 들어서 불쾌했다.
Descriptive間違えやすい
Both words describe dampness and moisture. They are very close in meaning and frequently used in similar contexts.
While both mean damp, 눅눅하다 often implies a loss of crispness and a somewhat stale or unpleasant texture, especially for food. 축축하다 can be a more neutral description of dampness, like a damp wall or cellar. Think of 눅눅하다 as 'soggy' and 축축하다 as 'damp'.
눅눅한 과자는 맛이 없어요. (Soggy crackers don't taste good.) vs. 지하실이 축축해요. (The basement is damp.)
눅눅하다 is often a consequence of being 젖다. If something gets wet and doesn't dry properly, it becomes 눅눅하다.
젖다 simply means 'to be wet' from water or liquid. 눅눅하다 implies a secondary state of being damp and unpleasantly soft, often with a loss of texture, due to prolonged dampness or high humidity. You can be 젖은 (wet) without being 눅눅한 (soggy).
비에 젖은 옷은 눅눅해질 수 있다. (Clothes wet from rain can become soggy.)
습하다 (humid) describes the atmospheric condition that often causes things to become 눅눅하다 (soggy/damp).
습하다 refers to the high moisture content in the air (humidity). 눅눅하다 describes the state of an object or surface that has absorbed that moisture and become unpleasantly soft or damp. 습하다 is the cause, and 눅눅하다 is often the effect.
장마철에는 습해서 모든 것이 눅눅하게 느껴진다. (During the rainy season, it's humid, so everything feels damp.)
It's the direct opposite of being damp or humid.
건조하다 means 'dry'. It signifies the absence of moisture. 눅눅하다 signifies the presence of excessive, often unpleasant, moisture. They are antonyms in terms of moisture level.
눅눅한 날씨와 달리 건조한 날씨에는 피부가 트기 쉽다. (Unlike damp weather, dry weather can cause skin to chap easily.)
눅눅하다 is the state that many foods *lose* their 바삭함 (crispness).
바삭하다 describes a desirable crisp, crunchy texture, common in foods like chips, fried items, or fresh crackers. 눅눅하다 describes the loss of this crispness, resulting in a soft, often unappealing texture. They are opposite textural qualities.
이 과자는 눅눅해서 바삭한 맛이 전혀 없어요. (These crackers are soggy and have no crisp taste at all.)
文型パターン
Noun + 이/가 + 눅눅해요.
과자가 눅눅해요.
날씨/공기 + 가 + 눅눅해요.
날씨가 눅눅해요.
Noun + 이/가 + 눅눅해졌어요.
빵이 눅눅해졌어요.
눅눅한 + Noun
눅눅한 옷.
Noun + -(으)ㄹ 때 + 눅눅하다.
눅눅할 때 불쾌해요.
Noun + -(으)로 인해 + 눅눅해지다.
습기로 인해 눅눅해졌어요.
Noun + -(으)면 + 눅눅해지다.
오래 두면 눅눅해져요.
눅눅한 환경 + -(으)ㄴ/는 + Noun + -(으)ㄹ + 수 있다.
눅눅한 환경은 건강에 안 좋을 수 있어요.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very High (especially during humid seasons or when discussing food)
-
Using 눅눅하다 for simply 'wet'.
→
Using 젖다 for 'wet' and 눅눅하다 for 'soggy/damp and stale'.
젖다 means to be wet from liquid. 눅눅하다 implies a state of being damp that has resulted in a loss of crispness or firmness, often with a stale quality. For example, rain-soaked clothes are 젖은 옷 (wet clothes), but if left un-dried, they become 눅눅한 옷 (damp/soggy clothes).
-
Confusing 눅눅하다 with 습하다.
→
Using 습하다 for 'humid' (air) and 눅눅하다 for the resulting dampness of objects or environments.
습하다 describes the humidity in the air. 눅눅하다 describes the state of things affected by that humidity. High 습도 causes things to become 눅눅하다. They are cause and effect.
-
Incorrectly conjugating 눅눅해지다.
→
Using the correct verb endings for 눅눅해지다 (e.g., 눅눅해졌어요, 눅눅해져요).
Learners might forget the '-어지다' part which indicates a change of state, or misconjugate it. For instance, saying '빵이 눅눅하다' when they mean 'The bread has become soggy' is less precise than '빵이 눅눅해졌어요'.
-
Using 눅눅하다 for things that should naturally be soft.
→
Using 눅눅하다 only when the softness is due to unwanted moisture or staleness, not for naturally soft items.
A pillow or a soft blanket is not 눅눅하다 unless it has become damp and unpleasant. The word implies an undesirable change in texture.
-
Overusing 눅눅하다 for slightly damp items.
→
Using 눅눅하다 for a noticeable, often unpleasant, level of dampness or sogginess.
While it means damp, it's usually used for a state that has progressed beyond just being slightly moist to being noticeably soft and unappealing. For very light dampness, '약간 축축해요' might be more appropriate.
ヒント
Practice the 'K' Sound
The 'k' sound at the end of '눅' can sometimes be softened. Make sure to pronounce it clearly, especially when speaking deliberately. Practicing the repetition '눅눅' will help solidify the sound.
Visual Association
Picture a sad, soggy cracker or a limp piece of fried chicken. This visual of lost crispness is a strong reminder of what 눅눅하다 means.
Verb Form: 눅눅해지다
Remember the verb form 눅눅해지다 to describe the process of something becoming damp or soggy. This is very common when talking about changes over time, like food or clothes.
Compare with Similar Words
Understand the difference between 눅눅하다 (soggy/stale dampness), 축축하다 (general dampness), 젖다 (wet), and 습하다 (humid). This will help you choose the most precise word.
Summer Struggles
The word 눅눅하다 is heavily associated with Korea's humid summers. Understanding this cultural context will help you recall and use the word more naturally.
Describe Your Surroundings
Try to describe things around you that are 눅눅하다 or could become 눅눅하다. This active recall will strengthen your understanding and usage.
Onomatopoeia Hint
The repetitive '눅' sound might mimic the soft, yielding texture of something damp. Think of 'nook nook' sounds when stepping on soggy items.
Common Complaining Word
This word is often used in complaints about food quality, weather, or household conditions. Use it when you want to express dissatisfaction with dampness.
Attributive Form
Don't forget the attributive form '눅눅한' (nuknukhan), which is used directly before a noun, like '눅눅한 과자' (soggy crackers).
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine 'nook nook' sounds when you step on a soggy cracker. The 'nook nook' represents the soft, yielding sound and texture. Connect this 'nook nook' sound to the feeling of something being 눅눅하다.
視覚的連想
Picture a bag of potato chips left open on a humid day. The chips are no longer crispy but have become soft, bent, and unappealing. This visual of soggy chips is a strong representation of 눅눅하다.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe five different things around you that are currently 눅눅하다 or have become 눅눅하다. Use the verb form 눅눅해지다 for things that have changed state. For example, 'My phone case feels a bit 눅눅하다 because I spilled water on it earlier.' or 'The bread in the kitchen has become 눅눅해졌어요.'
語源
The word 눅눅하다 is believed to be onomatopoeic or ideophonic in origin, imitating the sound or feeling of something soft and yielding due to moisture. It is a descriptive word that likely developed organically in the Korean language to capture this specific sensory experience. There isn't a clear documented historical origin involving foreign loanwords or complex semantic shifts. It's a native Korean descriptive term.
元の意味： To be soft and yielding due to moisture.
Koreanic文化的な背景
The word itself is not offensive. However, describing someone's personal clothing or belongings as 눅눅하다 without context could be perceived as critical or impolite, similar to calling someone's clothes 'damp' or 'soggy' in English without a good reason.
In English, we might use words like 'soggy', 'damp', 'limp', 'sodden', or 'moist' depending on the context. 'Soggy' is a close equivalent for food losing its crispness, while 'damp' or 'moist' can describe general humidity or items that haven't fully dried. 'Limp' can describe something that has lost its structure due to wetness.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Discussing food that has lost its crispness.
- 과자가 눅눅해졌어요.
- 이 빵은 눅눅해요.
- 눅눅한 과자는 맛이 없어요.
Describing the weather during the rainy season.
- 날씨가 눅눅해요.
- 공기가 눅눅해요.
- 눅눅한 날씨에는 불쾌해요.
Talking about laundry or clothes that haven't dried properly.
- 옷이 눅눅해요.
- 빨래가 잘 안 말라서 눅눅해요.
- 눅눅한 옷은 입지 마세요.
Describing a damp or humid environment indoors.
- 방이 눅눅해요.
- 집 안이 눅눅해요.
- 눅눅한 냄새가 나요.
General complaints about discomfort due to moisture.
- 눅눅해서 불쾌해요.
- 이런 눅눅한 날씨 정말 싫어요.
- 눅눅한 느낌이 들어요.
会話のきっかけ
"오늘 날씨가 좀 눅눅하네요. 혹시 비가 오려나 봐요?"
"이 과자 좀 드셔보세요. 어제 샀는데 벌써 눅눅해졌어요."
"요즘 장마철이라 그런지 집 안이 계속 눅눅한 것 같아요."
"빨래를 실내에 널었더니 눅눅한 냄새가 나기 시작했어요. 어떻게 하죠?"
"눅눅한 날씨에는 뭘 해도 좀 기운이 없는 것 같아요. 그렇죠?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time when you experienced something being 눅눅하다. What was it, and how did it make you feel?
Think about your home. Are there any areas that tend to get 눅눅하다? What do you do to prevent or deal with it?
How does the feeling of 눅눅하다 compare to just being 'wet' (젖다) in your opinion?
Imagine you are a food item. What would happen if you became 눅눅하다 instead of staying crispy?
What are your personal strategies for dealing with 눅눅한 weather or environments?
よくある質問
10 問Both 눅눅하다 and 축축하다 describe dampness. However, 눅눅하다 often carries a connotation of losing crispness or becoming unpleasantly soft, particularly with food items like crackers or bread. It implies a staleness due to moisture. 축축하다 is a more general term for being damp or moist, and can be used for environments like basements or walls without necessarily implying a loss of crispness. For example, '눅눅한 과자' (soggy crackers) versus '축축한 벽' (damp wall).
눅눅하다 is commonly used to describe the weather, especially during humid seasons like the rainy season (장마철 - jangmacheol). It describes the feeling of the air being heavy with moisture, making things feel damp and uncomfortable. You might say '날씨가 눅눅해요' (The weather is damp) or '공기가 눅눅해요' (The air is damp) to express this feeling.
Yes, absolutely. 눅눅하다 is frequently used to describe clothes that haven't dried properly, bedding that feels damp, towels, or even the general atmosphere of a room or house during humid weather. For instance, '빨래가 눅눅해요' (The laundry is damp) or '방이 눅눅해요' (The room is damp).
The verb form is 눅눅해지다 (nuknukhadae-jida), which means 'to become soggy' or 'to become damp'. This is used when describing a change in state. For example, '과자가 눅눅해졌어요' (The crackers have become soggy).
Generally, yes, it carries a negative connotation. It describes an undesirable state of being damp and losing crispness or firmness. It's usually used to complain or express discomfort about something that is no longer in its ideal state.
The opposite of 눅눅하다, especially when referring to food texture, is 바삭하다 (basak-hada), which means 'crispy' or 'crunchy'. So, if crackers are 눅눅하다, they have lost their 바삭함.
'눅눅한 냄새' (nuknukhan naemsae) refers to a 'damp smell' or 'musty smell'. This is often associated with things that have been damp for a while and haven't dried properly, such as old clothes, damp towels, or poorly ventilated rooms. It's the smell of mildew or stagnant moisture.
While less common, it can be used metaphorically or descriptively. If your skin feels clammy and unpleasant due to extreme humidity, you might describe it as feeling 눅눅하다. However, words like '끈적거리다' (kkeunjeokgeorida - sticky) or '땀나다' (ttam-nada - to sweat) are more direct for describing skin sensations.
눅눅하다 itself is a standard adjective. Its formality depends on the sentence ending used. '눅눅해요' is polite informal, while '눅눅합니다' is formal. In casual conversation, people often use '눅눅해' or just the base form in context.
Imagine stepping on a soggy cracker and hearing a 'nook nook' sound. Connect this sound to the feeling of softness and dampness. Alternatively, visualize a bag of chips left open on a humid day, becoming limp and unappetizing.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
눅눅하다 describes a state of being unpleasantly soft and damp, often due to moisture, leading to a loss of crispness, like stale crackers or damp clothes. It's frequently used in daily conversations about food, weather, and household conditions.
- Describes things that are soggy or unpleasantly damp.
- Often used for stale food, damp clothes, or humid weather.
- Implies a loss of crispness and a soft, yielding texture.
- Commonly heard during the rainy season or when discussing food storage.
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context when you hear 눅눅하다. If it's about food, it means stale and losing crispness. If it's about weather or clothes, it means damp and unpleasantly moist.
Practice the 'K' Sound
The 'k' sound at the end of '눅' can sometimes be softened. Make sure to pronounce it clearly, especially when speaking deliberately. Practicing the repetition '눅눅' will help solidify the sound.
Visual Association
Picture a sad, soggy cracker or a limp piece of fried chicken. This visual of lost crispness is a strong reminder of what 눅눅하다 means.
Verb Form: 눅눅해지다
Remember the verb form 눅눅해지다 to describe the process of something becoming damp or soggy. This is very common when talking about changes over time, like food or clothes.
関連コンテンツ
foodの関連語
몇 개
A2この箱の中にいくつ入っていますか？
~정도
A1数量や時間の後につけて「〜くらい」「〜ほど」という意味を表します。
추가
A2追加（ついか）。食べ物をおかわりしたり、SNSで友達を追加したりする時に使います。
~은/는 후에
A2ある動作の後に別の動作が行われることを表します。「食べた後に寝ます。」
중에서
A2〜の中で。グループの中から一つを選ぶ時に使います。
식욕
A2食欲（しょくよく）。食べ物を食べたいという欲求のことで、健康のバロメーターともされます。
에피타이저
A2食欲をそそるために、メイン料理の前に出される小皿料理のことです。
전채
A2食事の最初に出される軽い料理。前菜（ぜんさい）。「今日の全菜はカルパッチョです。」
먹음직스럽다
B2この単語は、食べ物が非常に魅力的に見え、食べたくなることを意味します。視覚的に食欲をそそる食べ物を説明するのに使われます。
사과
A1apple
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