곧다 30秒で
- '곧다' means straight, upright, or honest.
- Used for physical straightness and character.
- Beware of confusing it with 'soon' (곧).
- A positive trait implying sincerity and integrity.
The Korean adjective '곧다' (gotda) is a fundamental word that describes the state of being straight, upright, or direct. It's used in a variety of contexts, both literally and figuratively, to convey a sense of linearity, honesty, or proper alignment.
- Literal Meaning
- In its most basic sense, '곧다' refers to something that is not curved, bent, or crooked. Think of a perfectly straight line, a ruler, or a tree that grows without any deviation. It implies a lack of deviation from a direct path.
- Figurative Meaning
- Beyond physical straightness, '곧다' also carries strong connotations of moral uprightness, honesty, and straightforwardness in character or speech. A person who is '곧다' is considered principled, sincere, and direct in their dealings, not prone to deception or indirectness. It can also refer to a direct path or route.
이 길은 곧다.
그는 마음이 곧다.
- Usage Scenarios
- You'll hear '곧다' when describing physical objects like roads, lines, or poles. It's also frequently used to praise someone's character, indicating they are dependable and sincere. In situations where directness is valued, such as giving advice or making a request, '곧다' can describe the manner in which it's done. For example, a direct answer is '곧은 대답' (goreun daedap). The opposite, '구부러지다' (gubureojida), means to bend or curve.
Mastering '곧다' involves understanding its grammatical function as an adjective and how it modifies nouns or describes the subject. It conjugates like other Korean adjectives, typically appearing in its base form, in the present tense descriptive form (-ㄴ/은), and in various sentence endings. The key is to recognize when a situation calls for describing something as straight, upright, or honest.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- As an adjective, '곧다' modifies nouns. When directly describing a noun, it often takes the form '곧은' (goreun). For example, '곧은 길' (goreun gil) means 'straight road'. It can also act as a predicative adjective, describing the subject of the sentence, often with the ending '-아요/어요'. So, '길이 곧아요' (giri gojayo) means 'The road is straight'.
이 연필은 곧다.
- Describing Character
- When referring to a person's character, '곧다' emphasizes honesty, integrity, and straightforwardness. You might say someone '성격이 곧다' (seonggyeogi gotda), meaning 'has a straightforward personality'. This implies they are sincere and don't play games.
그녀는 곧은 사람이야.
- Describing Actions or Paths
- '곧다' can also describe a direct path or an honest approach. For instance, '곧은 길을 택하다' (goreun gireul taekhada) means 'to choose a direct path'. If someone gives a direct answer without beating around the bush, you could say '곧은 대답' (goreun daedap).
이것이 곧은 방법입니다.
You'll encounter '곧다' in a wide range of everyday Korean conversations and media. Its versatility means it pops up in discussions about directions, physical descriptions, and importantly, character assessments. Understanding these contexts will help you naturally integrate it into your own Korean vocabulary.
- Giving Directions
- When someone asks for directions, '곧다' is commonly used to describe a straight path. For example, a local might say, '여기서 직진하세요. 그 길이 곧아요.' (Yeogiseo jikjin-haseyo. Geu giri gojayo.) which translates to 'Go straight from here. That road is straight.' This is a very practical application of the word.
이 골목은 곧다.
- Describing Objects and Scenery
- You'll hear it when people describe the shape of things. For instance, '이 나무는 곧게 자랐어요.' (I namuneun gotge jarasseoyo.) meaning 'This tree grew straight.' or '책상 위에 곧은 자가 있어요.' (Chaeksang wie goreun jaga isseoyo.) meaning 'There is a straight ruler on the desk.' This usage is very common in descriptive language.
그의 말은 항상 곧다.
- Praising Character
- In social interactions, especially when discussing someone's personality, '곧다' is a highly positive adjective. Praising someone as '마음이 곧은 사람' (maeumi goreun saram) means 'a person with an upright heart' or 'an honest person'. This is a common compliment, signifying trust and sincerity.
선생님은 곧은 분이시다.
- In Media and Literature
- You'll find '곧다' in Korean dramas, movies, and books, often used to describe characters who are honest, brave, and stand up for what is right. It's a word that evokes a sense of integrity and reliability, making it a valuable descriptor for characters who are seen as moral compasses.
Learners of Korean often make a few common mistakes when using '곧다', primarily related to confusing it with similar-sounding words or misapplying its literal versus figurative meanings. Being aware of these pitfalls can significantly improve your accuracy and fluency.
- Confusing '곧다' (straight) with '곧' (soon)
- This is perhaps the most frequent error. '곧다' (gotda) is an adjective meaning 'straight' or 'upright'. '곧' (got) is an adverb meaning 'soon' or 'shortly'. They sound very similar but have completely different meanings and grammatical functions. Using '곧다' when you mean 'soon' will lead to nonsensical sentences.
Incorrect: 회의가 곧다.
Correct: 회의가 곧 시작할 거예요.
- Misapplying the Figurative Meaning
- While '곧다' is used to describe honest character, it's not a general term for 'good' or 'virtuous'. It specifically implies directness, sincerity, and integrity. Using it to describe someone who is merely kind or generous, without those specific qualities, might sound a bit off. For example, saying '그녀는 마음이 곧다' is perfect for describing her honesty, but if she's just a generally pleasant person, other adjectives might be more fitting.
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Like other adjectives ending in 'ㄷ', '곧다' undergoes a 'ㄷ' irregular conjugation. When followed by a vowel, the 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ'. For example, '곧아요' becomes '곧아요' (gojayo), not '곧아요'. Similarly, '곧은' (goreun) is correct, not '곧은' (got-eun).
Incorrect: 길이 곧어요.
Correct: 길이 곧아요.
While '곧다' is a versatile word, other Korean words can express similar concepts, depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. Understanding these alternatives will enrich your vocabulary and allow for more precise expression.
- 직선 (jikseon) - Straight Line (Noun)
- '직선' is a noun meaning 'straight line'. While '곧다' is an adjective describing something as being straight, '직선' is the noun form. For example, '두 점을 잇는 직선' (du jeomeul itneun jikseon) means 'a straight line connecting two points'. You might use '곧다' to describe a road as straight, but '직선' to refer to the geometric concept of a straight line.
- 반듯하다 (bandeuthada) - Upright, Neat, Proper (Adjective)
- '반듯하다' is very similar to '곧다' when describing character. It also means upright, proper, and well-behaved. However, '반듯하다' can also describe something as neat, tidy, or well-arranged, like '반듯한 글씨' (bandeuthan geulssi - neat handwriting). While '곧다' emphasizes straightforwardness and integrity, '반듯하다' can lean more towards orderliness and correctness.
그는 곧은 마음을 가졌다.
그녀는 반듯한 태도를 보였다.
- 정직하다 (jeongjikada) - To be honest (Adjective)
- '정직하다' is a direct adjective for 'honest'. While '곧다' implies honesty through straightforwardness and integrity, '정직하다' focuses purely on truthfulness and lack of deceit. You can be '정직하다' without necessarily being as direct as someone who is '곧다'. '곧다' often carries a stronger sense of moral principle.
- 똑바르다 (ttokbareuda) - To be straight, upright (Adjective)
- '똑바르다' is another adjective that means 'straight' or 'upright'. It's very similar to '곧다' in its literal meaning and can often be used interchangeably when referring to physical straightness. For example, '똑바른 길' (ttokbareun gil) and '곧은 길' (goreun gil) both mean 'straight road'. In terms of character, '똑바르다' also implies uprightness and correctness, much like '곧다'.
- 구부러지다 (gubureojida) - To bend, to curve (Verb)
- This is the direct antonym of '곧다' in its literal sense. It means to bend or curve. For example, '길이 구부러져 있다' (giri gubureojyeo itda) means 'The road is bent/curved'.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
In ancient Korean society, uprightness and straightness were highly valued virtues, both physically (e.g., building sturdy structures) and morally. This cultural emphasis likely contributed to the word '곧다' becoming so deeply ingrained and versatile in its usage, extending to character and principles.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing '곧' as '곧' (got) with a fully released 'ㄱ' before the 'ㄷ'.
- Not aspirating the 'ㄷ' strongly enough, making it sound like 'ㄸ' (dde).
- Confusing the pronunciation with '곧' (got - soon), which has a different intonation and context.
難易度
At the A1-A2 level, recognizing '곧다' for physical straightness is easy. Understanding its figurative meaning related to character requires more exposure and context. The distinction from '곧' (soon) is a common hurdle.
Using '곧다' correctly in basic sentences is achievable. However, applying it accurately in more complex sentences, especially distinguishing between its literal and figurative uses and conjugating it properly, can be challenging.
Pronouncing '곧다' correctly, especially the 'ㄸ' sound, and using it spontaneously in conversation requires practice. Differentiating it from '곧' (soon) in spoken Korean is crucial.
Distinguishing '곧다' from '곧' (soon) in rapid speech can be difficult for beginners. Understanding the context is key to grasping whether it refers to shape or time.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
Adjective Conjugation (Present Tense Predicative)
길이 곧아요. (The road is straight.) - '곧다' + '아요/어요'
Attributive Form for Noun Modification
곧은 길 (straight road) - '곧다' + 'ㄴ/은'
Adverbial Form
그는 곧게 서 있었다. (He stood straight.) - '곧다' + '게'
ㄷ Irregular Verb/Adjective Conjugation
The 'ㄷ' in '곧다' changes to 'ㄹ' before a vowel. For example, '곧아요' (gojayo) instead of '곧어요'.
Figurative Usage in Character Description
그녀의 마음이 곧다. (Her heart is upright.) - Used metaphorically for personality.
レベル別の例文
이 길은 곧다.
This road is straight.
'곧다' is used here as a predicative adjective describing the noun '길' (road).
연필이 곧아요.
The pencil is straight.
The adjective '곧다' is conjugated to '곧아요' to describe the subject '연필' (pencil).
곧은 선을 그리세요.
Draw a straight line.
'곧은' is the attributive form of '곧다', modifying the noun '선' (line).
그 나무는 곧다.
That tree is straight.
Describes the physical form of the tree.
곧은 자세를 유지하세요.
Maintain an upright posture.
Refers to physical uprightness.
이 막대는 곧다.
This rod is straight.
Describing the shape of an object.
곧은 길로 가세요.
Go by the straight way.
Used in giving simple directions.
그것은 곧은 모양이에요.
It's a straight shape.
Describes the form of an object.
그는 마음이 곧은 사람입니다.
He is a person with an upright heart.
Introduces the figurative meaning of '곧다' referring to character.
이 길은 곧게 뻗어 있어요.
This road stretches straight.
'곧게' is the adverbial form of '곧다', modifying the verb '뻗어 있다' (to stretch).
선생님은 항상 곧은 말씀을 하세요.
The teacher always speaks directly/honestly.
Describes the manner of speech as direct and honest.
곧은 생각은 중요해요.
Straightforward thinking is important.
Refers to a direct and honest way of thinking.
그녀의 성격은 매우 곧아요.
Her personality is very straightforward.
Describes personality traits.
곧은 길을 선택하는 것이 좋습니다.
It is good to choose the straight path.
Can refer to a direct or moral path.
이 붓은 곧게 잘 그려져요.
This brush draws straight lines well.
Describes the capability of a tool.
그는 거짓말을 하지 않고 곧게 말했어요.
He spoke directly without lying.
Emphasizes directness and honesty in speech.
그는 원칙에 곧은 사람이라 누구에게나 똑바로 말한다.
He is a person of principle, so he speaks directly to everyone.
Combines the idea of being principled ('곧은') with direct speech.
이 문제는 곧은 해결책을 찾아야 한다.
We need to find a straightforward solution to this problem.
Refers to a direct and efficient solution.
그녀의 곧은 성품은 많은 사람들에게 존경받는다.
Her upright character is respected by many people.
Highlights the positive attribute of an upright character.
요즘처럼 복잡한 세상에서는 곧은 마음을 유지하기 어렵다.
In today's complex world, it's difficult to maintain a straightforward heart.
Discusses the difficulty of maintaining integrity in a complicated environment.
그는 자신의 의견을 곧게 표현하는 것을 두려워하지 않는다.
He is not afraid to express his opinions directly.
Emphasizes the courage to express oneself directly.
이 지도는 곧은 길을 보여주지 않는다.
This map does not show a straight path.
Describes a map that doesn't offer a simple, direct route.
그녀의 대답은 매우 곧다.
Her answer is very direct.
Describes a direct and unambiguous answer.
법은 만인에게 곧게 적용되어야 한다.
The law should be applied equally/straightforwardly to all.
Refers to the fair and impartial application of law.
그의 곧은 사업 방식은 때로는 비판을 받기도 하지만, 결국 신뢰를 얻는다.
His straightforward business practices sometimes draw criticism, but ultimately earn trust.
Discusses the trade-offs of straightforward business ethics.
사회 정의를 실현하기 위해서는 곧은 목소리를 내야 한다.
To realize social justice, one must raise a direct/principled voice.
Emphasizes the need for direct advocacy for justice.
진실을 향한 곧은 추구는 때로 고통스럽지만, 영혼을 정화시킨다.
The straight pursuit of truth is sometimes painful, but it purifies the soul.
Connects the pursuit of truth with spiritual purification.
그는 곧은 길을 걷는 사람으로, 타협을 모른다.
He is a person who walks a straight path and knows no compromise.
Characterizes someone as principled and uncompromising.
정치인에게 곧은 언행은 필수적이다.
Straightforward words and actions are essential for politicians.
Highlights the importance of integrity in politics.
그의 곧은 조언은 듣기 불편할 수 있지만, 도움이 된다.
His direct advice may be uncomfortable to hear, but it is helpful.
Acknowledges that direct advice can be difficult but valuable.
인생의 곧은 길이란 없다. 각자 자신의 길을 만들어갈 뿐이다.
There is no single straight path in life. Each person only creates their own path.
Philosophical statement about life's journey.
그녀는 곧은 물줄기처럼 거침없이 자신의 뜻을 펼쳤다.
Like a straight stream, she unhesitatingly pursued her will.
Uses a metaphor to describe determined pursuit.
현대 사회의 복잡성과 다층성을 고려할 때, 곧은 사고방식만으로는 모든 문제를 해결할 수 없다.
Considering the complexity and multi-layered nature of modern society, a solely straightforward way of thinking cannot solve all problems.
Discusses the limitations of a purely straightforward approach in a complex world.
그의 곧은 비판은 때로는 날카롭지만, 그 안에는 진실에 대한 깊은 통찰이 담겨 있다.
His direct criticism is sometimes sharp, but it contains deep insight into the truth.
Analyzes the nature of sharp but insightful criticism.
진정한 리더는 곧은 신념을 바탕으로 공동체를 이끌어야 한다.
A true leader must guide the community based on unwavering convictions.
Defines leadership based on firm beliefs.
역사의 곧은 흐름을 거스르는 시도는 결국 실패로 돌아가기 마련이다.
Attempts to go against the straight flow of history are ultimately bound to fail.
Uses a metaphor of historical inevitability.
그녀는 곧은 길을 택함으로써 수많은 유혹을 뿌리쳤다.
By choosing the straight path, she rejected numerous temptations.
Illustrates the strength of character in resisting temptation.
문화적 상대주의 시대에 곧은 윤리적 기준을 제시하는 것은 어려운 과제이다.
In an era of cultural relativism, presenting straightforward ethical standards is a difficult task.
Discusses the challenges of universal ethics in a relativistic world.
그 예술가의 작품은 곧은 선과 명확한 형태로 이루어져 있다.
The artist's work is composed of straight lines and clear forms.
Describes an artistic style characterized by straightness and clarity.
비판적 사고는 곧은 논리를 기반으로 한다.
Critical thinking is based on straight/logical reasoning.
Connects critical thinking with logical reasoning.
시대의 흐름에 곧은 길을 걷는다는 것은, 종종 고독과 오해를 감수해야 함을 의미한다.
Walking a straight path against the tide of the times often means enduring solitude and misunderstanding.
Explores the sacrifices involved in principled defiance.
그의 곧은 문체는 군더더기 없이 핵심을 꿰뚫는 통찰력을 보여준다.
His straightforward writing style demonstrates insight that pierces to the core without any excess.
Analyzes the effectiveness of a direct and concise writing style.
진정한 곧은 삶이란, 외부의 압력이나 유혹에도 흔들리지 않는 내면의 중심을 지키는 것이다.
A truly upright life means maintaining an inner center that is not swayed by external pressures or temptations.
Defines an upright life as one of inner resilience.
철학적 탐구는 때로 곧은 길보다 복잡한 미로나 사색의 숲을 헤쳐나가야 하는 여정이다.
Philosophical inquiry is often a journey that requires navigating complex labyrinths or forests of contemplation rather than a straight path.
Contrasts philosophical inquiry with a simple, direct path.
그의 곧은 증언은 사건의 진실을 밝히는 결정적인 역할을 했다.
His direct testimony played a decisive role in revealing the truth of the case.
Highlights the impact of direct testimony in uncovering truth.
권력의 곧은 행사는 책임감을 동반해야 한다.
The straightforward exercise of power must be accompanied by responsibility.
Emphasizes the ethical dimension of wielding power.
예술의 곧은 표현은 때로 사회적 통념에 도전하는 용기를 요구한다.
Straightforward artistic expression sometimes requires the courage to challenge social conventions.
Discusses the daring nature of direct artistic expression.
개인의 곧은 양심은 사회 전체의 도덕적 나침반이 될 수 있다.
An individual's upright conscience can become the moral compass of society as a whole.
Elevates individual conscience to a societal guiding principle.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To walk the straight path; to live an upright or honest life.
어려운 상황에서도 곧은 길로 가는 것이 중요해요. (Even in difficult situations, it's important to walk the straight path.)
— To have an honest, sincere, or upright heart/mind.
그녀는 마음이 곧아서 거짓말을 못 해요. (Her heart is so upright that she can't lie.)
— An upright, honest, and straightforward person.
저는 곧은 사람을 좋아해요. (I like upright people.)
— Straightforward or honest thinking; a direct approach to problems.
문제를 곧은 생각으로 해결해 봐요. (Let's try to solve the problem with straightforward thinking.)
— Upright posture; a proper or correct stance.
면접 볼 때는 곧은 자세를 유지하는 것이 좋아요. (It's good to maintain an upright posture during an interview.)
— Direct or honest words; straightforward speech.
그는 곧은 말을 해서 때로는 오해를 받기도 해요. (He sometimes gets misunderstood because he speaks directly.)
— To choose the straight path; to make an honest or principled choice.
결과가 어떻든 곧은 길을 택하는 것이 중요합니다. (Regardless of the outcome, it's important to choose the straight path.)
— An upright and honest character.
그녀의 곧은 성품은 모두에게 귀감이 돼요. (Her upright character serves as an example to everyone.)
— A straight road or path.
이 도시는 곧은 길이 많아서 운전하기 편해요. (This city has many straight roads, so it's convenient to drive.)
— A direct, decisive, or principled decision.
그는 복잡한 상황에서도 곧은 결정을 내렸다. (He made a decisive decision even in a complex situation.)
よく混同される語
'곧' is an adverb meaning 'soon' or 'shortly'. It sounds very similar to '곧다' but has a completely different meaning and grammatical function. Confusing them can lead to nonsensical sentences.
While '바르다' can mean upright, it's a broader term for correctness and righteousness. '곧다' specifically emphasizes straightness and directness in character or form.
'똑바로' is an adverb meaning 'straightly' or 'uprightly'. It's often used similarly to the adverbial form '곧게' but can also mean 'properly' or 'directly'. '곧다' is the adjective form.
慣用句と表現
— To live an upright, honest, and principled life. It implies choosing moral integrity over easier, less ethical alternatives.
그는 평생 곧은 길을 걸었기에 많은 사람들의 존경을 받았다. (He was respected by many people because he walked the straight path his entire life.)
Neutral/Slightly Formal— To have an honest, sincere, and uncomplicated heart. It suggests a lack of pretense, hidden motives, or deceit.
그녀는 마음이 곧아서 남을 속이는 법이 없다. (She has an upright heart, so she never deceives others.)
Neutral— A person who is morally upright, honest, and straightforward. Someone who can be trusted and who speaks their mind.
저는 곧은 사람과 일하는 것을 선호합니다. (I prefer working with straightforward people.)
Neutral— A direct, logical, and honest way of thinking. It implies clarity and a lack of convoluted or deceitful reasoning.
복잡한 문제일수록 곧은 생각으로 접근해야 한다. (The more complex the problem, the more it should be approached with straightforward thinking.)
Neutral— Direct, honest, and unvarnished speech. It may sometimes be blunt but is valued for its sincerity.
그는 곧은 말을 하는 편이라 듣기 불편할 때도 있다. (He tends to speak directly, so it can sometimes be uncomfortable to listen to.)
Neutral— To choose the honest or principled path, especially when faced with difficult choices or temptations.
어려움 속에서도 곧은 길을 택하는 것이 중요하다. (It is important to choose the straight path even amidst difficulties.)
Neutral/Slightly Formal— An upright posture, often implying confidence and seriousness. It can also figuratively mean a proper or principled stance.
발표할 때는 곧은 자세로 자신감 있게 말해야 한다. (When presenting, you should speak confidently with an upright posture.)
Neutral— Fair and impartial law; justice that is applied equally to all.
모든 시민은 곧은 법 아래 보호받아야 한다. (All citizens should be protected under fair law.)
Formal— An honest, sincere, and untroubled heart. Similar to '마음이 곧다', emphasizing inner purity and integrity.
그는 곧은 마음으로 세상을 살아간다. (He lives his life with an upright heart.)
Neutral— A politician who is honest, principled, and acts with integrity.
국민들은 곧은 정치인을 원한다. (The public wants honest politicians.)
Formal間違えやすい
Similar pronunciation.
'곧다' is an adjective meaning 'straight' or 'upright'. It describes the state of being straight, either physically or morally. '곧' is an adverb meaning 'soon' or 'shortly'. It refers to time. For example, '길이 곧다' means 'The road is straight', while '회의가 곧 시작해요' means 'The meeting will start soon'.
회의가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧</mark> 시작합니다. (The meeting will start soon.) vs. 이 길은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧다</mark>. (This road is straight.)
Both mean 'straight' or 'upright'.
'곧다' and '똑바르다' are very similar adjectives meaning 'straight' or 'upright'. '곧다' often emphasizes a principled or direct nature in character, while '똑바르다' can sometimes lean more towards being correct or properly aligned. In physical descriptions, they are often interchangeable. For example, '똑바른 길' and '곧은 길' both mean 'straight road'.
그녀는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>똑바른</mark> 사람이야. (She is a proper/upright person.) vs. 그녀는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧은</mark> 사람이야. (She is a straightforward/honest person.)
Both describe uprightness and properness.
'곧다' focuses on directness and integrity, especially in character. '반듯하다' also means upright but can additionally imply neatness, tidiness, and propriety. You might say someone has a '곧은 마음' (honest heart) or a '반듯한 태도' (proper attitude). '반듯하다' can also describe neat handwriting or appearance.
그의 글씨는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>반듯하다</mark>. (His handwriting is neat.) vs. 그의 말은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧다</mark>. (His words are direct.)
It's the direct opposite of '곧다'.
'구부러지다' is the verb meaning 'to bend' or 'to curve', serving as the antonym to the adjective '곧다'. While '곧다' describes something as straight, '구부러지다' describes the action or state of being bent or curved.
도로가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>구부러져</mark> 있다. (The road is curved.)
Also means to bend or curve.
'휘다' is another verb meaning 'to bend' or 'to curve', similar to '구부러지다'. It often suggests a more natural or gentle curve, like a branch bending in the wind. '곧다' is the adjective for being straight, the opposite of these verbs.
나뭇가지가 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>휘었어요</mark>. (The tree branch bent.)
文型パターン
Noun + 이/가 + 곧다/곧아요.
이 길은 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧아요</mark>.
곧은 + Noun
<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧은</mark> 선을 그리세요.
Noun + 은/는 + 곧다/곧아요 (describing character)
그는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧아요</mark>.
Noun + 을/를 + 곧게 + Verb
나는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧게</mark> 걸었다.
Noun + 은/는 + 곧은 + Noun
<mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧은</mark> 사람이 되세요.
Noun + 의 + 곧음 (abstract noun)
그의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧음</mark>은 존경받는다.
Noun + 의 + 곧은 + Noun (figurative)
그의 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧은</mark> 사업 방식은 신뢰를 얻는다.
Noun + 은/는 + 곧다/곧게 + Verb (describing manner)
그녀는 <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>곧게</mark> 말한다.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very Common
-
Confusing '곧다' (straight) with '곧' (soon).
→
Use '곧다' for shape/character and '곧' for time.
These words sound very similar but have distinct meanings and grammatical roles. '곧다' is an adjective describing straightness, while '곧' is an adverb indicating immediacy. For example, '이 길은 곧다' (This road is straight) vs. '회의가 곧 시작돼요' (The meeting will start soon).
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Incorrect conjugation: '곧어요' instead of '곧아요'.
→
곧아요
'곧다' is a 'ㄷ' irregular adjective. When followed by a vowel, the 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ'. Therefore, the correct present tense conjugation is '곧아요', not '곧어요'.
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Using '곧다' for general 'goodness' instead of specific honesty/directness.
→
Use '곧다' for uprightness, honesty, and directness.
While '곧다' is a positive trait, it specifically refers to integrity, sincerity, and straightforwardness. For general goodness, other adjectives might be more appropriate. For example, '곧은 마음' refers to an honest heart, not just a generally 'good' feeling.
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Using '곧다' as a verb instead of an adjective.
→
Use '곧다' as an adjective.
'곧다' is an adjective. It describes the state of being straight or upright. It is not a verb that describes an action. For example, you say '길이 곧다' (The road is straight), not '길이 곧다.' (The road straightens - which would require a verb).
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Confusing '곧은' (attributive) with '곧다' (predicative) in sentence structure.
→
'곧은' modifies nouns directly, while '곧다' (or its conjugated forms like '곧아요') describes the subject.
'곧은' is the form used before a noun, like '곧은 길' (straight road). '곧다' or '곧아요' are used after the subject, like '길이 곧아요' (The road is straight). Mixing these up will result in grammatically incorrect sentences.
ヒント
Mastering the 'ㄸ' Sound
The 'ㄸ' sound in '곧다' is a tense consonant. Practice saying '따' (tta) with strong tension in your mouth. It's different from the unaspirated 'ㄷ' or the aspirated 'ㅌ'. Listen to native speakers and mimic their pronunciation.
Distinguish '곧다' from '곧'
This is a crucial tip. '곧다' (adjective, straight/upright) and '곧' (adverb, soon) sound very similar. Always check the context. If it's about shape or character, it's '곧다'. If it's about time, it's '곧'.
Adjective Conjugation
Remember that '곧다' is a 'ㄷ' irregular adjective. The 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ' before a vowel. So, it's '곧아요' (gojayo) and '곧은' (goreun), not '곧어요' or '곧은'.
Figurative vs. Literal
Practice using '곧다' in both literal contexts (describing a straight line) and figurative contexts (describing character). This will deepen your understanding and usage.
Visual Association
Imagine a tall, perfectly straight tree. This visual can help you remember the core meaning of '곧다' as upright and unbent, both physically and morally.
Value of Integrity
Understand that in Korean culture, '곧다' is a highly positive trait associated with sincerity and trustworthiness. Using it to describe someone's character is a genuine compliment.
Sentence Creation
Write at least five sentences using '곧다' in different contexts: describing an object, a person's character, and a path. This active practice solidifies the learning.
Exploring Similar Words
Learn words like '똑바르다', '반듯하다', and '정직하다' to understand the nuances and choose the most appropriate word for your intended meaning.
Avoid '곧어요'
The most common grammatical mistake is conjugating '곧다' incorrectly as '곧어요'. Remember the 'ㄷ' irregular rule: it becomes '곧아요'.
Use in Proverbs/Idioms
Look for phrases like '곧은 길을 걷다' (to walk the straight path) to see how '곧다' is used in more idiomatic and culturally rich expressions.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a perfectly straight arrow ('곧은 화살' - goreun hwasal) that flies directly to its target. This arrow represents someone who is straightforward and honest, always hitting the mark with their words or actions. The '곧' sound in '곧다' can remind you of the 'go' of an arrow.
視覚的連想
Picture a tall, perfectly straight tree ('곧은 나무' - goreun namu) standing firm against the wind. This tree symbolizes strength, integrity, and unwavering principles, embodying the meaning of '곧다' in character.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try describing five objects around your house using '곧다' or its derivative forms. Then, think of three people you know and describe their character using '곧다' or its related concepts like sincerity and honesty.
語源
The word '곧다' is believed to have originated from Old Korean. Its root likely relates to the concept of straightness or directness. The evolution from ancient Korean forms has maintained its core meaning of linearity and uprightness.
元の意味： The original meaning was likely focused on physical straightness, similar to how geometric terms develop. Over time, it extended to abstract concepts like moral rectitude and directness in communication.
Korean文化的な背景
When describing someone's character as '곧다', it is almost always a positive attribute. However, be mindful that extreme directness can sometimes be perceived as bluntness in certain social situations. The context and tone are important.
While directness is appreciated in English-speaking cultures, the Korean concept of '곧다' often carries a deeper moral weight, implying a steadfast adherence to principles that might even lead to personal sacrifice. It's not just about being blunt, but about being morally firm.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Giving directions or describing a route.
- 이 길은 곧아요.
- 곧은 길로 가세요.
- 직진하면 곧은 길이 나와요.
Describing physical objects.
- 이 연필은 곧아요.
- 곧은 선을 그리세요.
- 곧은 막대기예요.
Talking about character and personality.
- 그는 마음이 곧아요.
- 곧은 사람이에요.
- 곧은 생각을 가지고 있어요.
Discussing honesty and integrity.
- 곧은 말을 하세요.
- 곧은 길을 택했어요.
- 그녀의 곧은 성품을 존경해요.
Describing posture or alignment.
- 곧은 자세를 유지하세요.
- 곧게 서세요.
- 곧은 정렬이 중요해요.
会話のきっかけ
"오늘 날씨가 참 좋네요. 혹시 이 근처에 곧은 길이 있나요?"
"저는 솔직하고 곧은 사람을 좋아하는데, 당신은 어떠세요?"
"새로 산 가구의 디자인이 정말 곧고 깔끔해요. 마음에 드시나요?"
"어렸을 때부터 곧은 길을 가야 한다고 배웠어요. 그게 맞는 걸까요?"
"요즘 세상은 복잡해서 곧은 생각을 유지하기 어려운 것 같아요. 어떻게 생각하세요?"
日記のテーマ
오늘 하루 동안 내가 '곧다'라는 단어의 의미를 어떻게 실천했는지 일기를 써보세요. 물리적인 직선이나 곧은 행동, 혹은 정직한 말이나 생각 등 어떤 것이든 좋습니다.
내가 존경하는 인물 중 '곧다'라는 단어가 잘 어울리는 사람이 있다면, 그 이유는 무엇인지 구체적인 예시와 함께 적어보세요.
만약 당신이 어떤 문제에 대해 '곧은' 해결책을 찾아야 한다면, 어떤 방법을 선택할 것인지, 그리고 그 이유는 무엇인지 써보세요.
인생에서 '곧은 길'을 걷는다는 것은 무엇을 의미한다고 생각하나요? 나에게 '곧은 길'이란 어떤 것인지 자유롭게 써보세요.
내가 만약 '곧은' 조언을 해야 하는 상황이라면, 어떻게 말할 것인지, 그리고 상대방이 어떻게 받아들일지 예상되는 바를 써보세요.
よくある質問
10 問'곧다' is an adjective meaning 'straight' or 'upright' (physically or morally). '곧' is an adverb meaning 'soon' or 'shortly'. They sound similar but are used in completely different contexts. For example, '이 길은 곧다' means 'This road is straight', while '회의는 곧 시작해요' means 'The meeting will start soon'. Always pay attention to the context to distinguish them.
Yes, '곧다' is frequently used to describe people's character. It means they are honest, sincere, straightforward, and have strong moral principles. For example, '그는 마음이 곧은 사람이다' means 'He is an upright/honest person'.
'곧다' is a 'ㄷ' irregular adjective. When followed by a vowel, the 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ'. So, the present tense is '곧아요' (gojayo), not '곧어요'. The attributive form is '곧은' (goreun). For example, '길이 곧아요' (The road is straight) and '곧은 길' (straight road).
Literally, '곧다' is used to describe things that are physically straight. Examples include: '곧은 길' (straight road), '곧은 선' (straight line), '곧은 막대기' (straight stick), '곧은 자세' (upright posture), and '곧은 나무' (straight tree).
Having a '곧은 마음' (goreun maeum) means having an honest, sincere, and uncomplicated heart. It implies a lack of deceit, hidden motives, or inner conflict. Such a person is perceived as genuine and trustworthy.
Yes, when describing character or principles, '곧다' is almost always a positive attribute, signifying integrity and honesty. When describing physical objects, it's a neutral descriptor of shape. However, excessive directness in speech, while stemming from '곧다', can sometimes be perceived as bluntness depending on the context.
The direct antonyms for the literal meaning of '곧다' (straight) are verbs like '구부러지다' (to bend, curve) and '휘다' (to bend, curve). Figuratively, the opposite of being upright or honest might be implied by words related to deceit or crookedness, though there isn't one single direct antonym adjective for the moral sense.
Yes, '곧다' can be used for abstract concepts. For example, '곧은 생각' (goreun saenggak) means 'straightforward thinking' or 'direct thinking', implying a logical and honest approach to ideas. Similarly, '곧은 결정' (goreun gyeoljeong) means a 'straightforward' or 'decisive' decision.
'곧다' is a very common adjective in everyday Korean. You'll hear it frequently when giving or asking for directions, describing objects, and discussing people's character and values.
'곧은 길' (goreun gil) literally means 'straight road' or 'straight path'. Figuratively, it refers to an honest or principled life. '바른 길' (bareun gil) means 'right path' or 'correct path'. While both imply morality, '바른 길' emphasizes correctness and righteousness more broadly, whereas '곧은 길' emphasizes directness and integrity.
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Summary
'곧다' is a fundamental Korean adjective describing both physical straightness (e.g., a straight road) and moral uprightness or honesty in character. It's crucial to distinguish it from the adverb '곧' (soon) and to understand its positive connotations of sincerity and directness.
- '곧다' means straight, upright, or honest.
- Used for physical straightness and character.
- Beware of confusing it with 'soon' (곧).
- A positive trait implying sincerity and integrity.
Mastering the 'ㄸ' Sound
The 'ㄸ' sound in '곧다' is a tense consonant. Practice saying '따' (tta) with strong tension in your mouth. It's different from the unaspirated 'ㄷ' or the aspirated 'ㅌ'. Listen to native speakers and mimic their pronunciation.
Distinguish '곧다' from '곧'
This is a crucial tip. '곧다' (adjective, straight/upright) and '곧' (adverb, soon) sound very similar. Always check the context. If it's about shape or character, it's '곧다'. If it's about time, it's '곧'.
Adjective Conjugation
Remember that '곧다' is a 'ㄷ' irregular adjective. The 'ㄷ' changes to 'ㄹ' before a vowel. So, it's '곧아요' (gojayo) and '곧은' (goreun), not '곧어요' or '곧은'.
Figurative vs. Literal
Practice using '곧다' in both literal contexts (describing a straight line) and figurative contexts (describing character). This will deepen your understanding and usage.
関連コンテンツ
transportの関連語
위로
A1上へ、または上方へ。高い方に向かう動きを表す時に使います。
급하다
A1急いでいる、または緊急である。時間がなかったり、性格がせっかちであることを表します。
이동하다
B1ある場所から別の場所へ移動すること。「次の場所に移動してください。」/「ファイルをフォルダに移動します。」
신호
A1信号や合図。出発する前に信号を待ってください。
아래로
A1下へ。 Ex: エレベーターが下へ行きます。 下へスクロールしてください。
출발지
A1旅や旅行が始まる場所。出発点。
터널
A1トンネルは、車や列車が通るための地下通路です。韓国は山が多いので、トンネルが非常にたくさんあります。
운전면허
A1運転免許証は、車を運転することを許可する公式な書類です。 韓国語の「운전면허」（ウンジョンミョンホ）は、運転免許証を意味し、政府が発行する運転許可証です。
속도
A1物事が動いたり進んだりする速さやスピード。車の速度を落としてください。
가깝게
A1近く、または親밀に。物理的な距離や人間関係に使われます。
