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B1 noun ニュートラル 3分で読める

ansvar

/ˈɑns.vɑr/
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Overview

The Norwegian word 'ansvar' translates directly to 'responsibility' or 'accountability' in English. It's a fundamental concept in both personal and professional contexts, encompassing a wide range of meanings and nuances. Understanding its usage requires a grasp of its grammatical behavior, common collocations, and the subtle differences it conveys depending on the preposition used.

Grammatically, 'ansvar' is a neuter noun. This means it takes the indefinite article 'et' (et ansvar) and its definite form is 'ansvaret'. In the plural, it can be 'ansvar' (indefinite) or 'ansvarene' (definite), though the singular form is more commonly used even when referring to multiple responsibilities, often with a quantifier. For example, 'mange ansvar' (many responsibilities) is more common than 'mange ansvarene'.

One of the most crucial aspects of 'ansvar' is its association with prepositions, which significantly alter its meaning. The two most common prepositions are 'for' and 'til':

  • 'Ansvar for': This is the most direct translation of 'responsibility for' something or someone. It implies a duty or obligation to care for, manage, or be accountable for a particular thing, task, or person. For example:
  • 'Jeg har ansvar for prosjektet.' (I have responsibility for the project.)
  • 'Hvem har ansvar for barna?' (Who has responsibility for the children?)
  • 'Det er ditt ansvar å rydde opp.' (It is your responsibility to clean up.)

This construction highlights the direct link between the responsible party and the object or person of responsibility.

  • 'Ansvar til': This preposition is less common in the sense of 'responsibility for' and often implies 'responsibility towards' or 'accountability to' a higher authority or a specific group. It suggests reporting to or being answerable to someone. While 'ansvar for' focuses on the object of responsibility, 'ansvar til' emphasizes the entity to whom one is accountable. For example:
  • 'Han har ansvar til styret.' (He has responsibility to the board – meaning he reports to them and is accountable to them.)

This usage is more about the chain of command or reporting structure.

Other less common but relevant prepositions include:

  • 'Under ansvar': This phrase means 'under responsibility' or 'under accountability', often implying a subordinate role where one is acting under the authority and responsibility of another. For example, 'Han utførte oppgaven under ansvar av lederen.' (He performed the task under the responsibility of the leader.)
  • 'På eget ansvar': This means 'at one's own risk' or 'on one's own responsibility'. It highlights that an individual is solely accountable for the consequences of their actions. For example, 'Du reiser på eget ansvar.' (You travel at your own risk.)

'Ansvar' also forms part of many common expressions and compound words:

  • 'Ta ansvar': To take responsibility.
  • 'Fraskrive seg ansvar': To disclaim responsibility.
  • 'Dele ansvar': To share responsibility.
  • 'Ha ansvar': To have responsibility.
  • 'Føle ansvar': To feel responsible.
  • 'Ansvarsfølelse': Sense of responsibility.
  • 'Ansvarsfull': Responsible (adjective).
  • 'Ansvarsområde': Area of responsibility.
  • 'Ansvarsfraskrivelse': Disclaimer of responsibility.
  • 'Ansvarsforsikring': Liability insurance.

In essence, 'ansvar' is a versatile word that underpins concepts of duty, obligation, and accountability in Norwegian. Its meaning is heavily influenced by the prepositions it accompanies, making a careful consideration of context crucial for accurate interpretation and usage.

例文

1

Hun tok fullt ansvar for prosjektet.

Professional/Work

She took full responsibility for the project.

2

Det er mitt ansvar å sørge for at barna er trygge.

Parental/Personal

It is my responsibility to ensure the children are safe.

3

Politikerne må ta ansvar for sine handlinger.

Political/Public

Politicians must take responsibility for their actions.

4

Hvem har ansvaret for dette rotet?

Casual/Informal

Who is responsible for this mess?

5

Å eie et kjæledyr innebærer et stort ansvar.

General/Ethical

Owning a pet entails great responsibility.

よく使う組み合わせ

ta ansvar
ha ansvar for
bære ansvaret
fraskrive seg ansvar

よく混同される語

ansvar 対 svare

lack of 'n'

ansvar 対 ansvarlig

is an adjective, not a noun

ansvar 対 svaret

is a definite form of 'svar' (answer)

文法パターン

ta ansvar for (something/someone) - take responsibility for (something/someone) ha ansvar for (something/someone) - have responsibility for (something/someone) påta seg ansvar for (something/someone) - assume responsibility for (something/someone)

使い方

使い方のコツ

'Ansvar' can be used in various contexts, similar to 'responsibility' in English. It can refer to legal, moral, or practical responsibility. For example, 'å ta ansvar' means 'to take responsibility,' and 'å ha ansvar for noe' means 'to be responsible for something.' When discussing a person's role or duties, you might say 'han har mye ansvar' (he has a lot of responsibility). It's also common to use 'ansvar' in compound words like 'ansvarsfølelse' (sense of responsibility) or 'ansvarsfull' (responsible/conscientious). The word can also imply accountability, as in 'hvem har ansvaret for dette?' (who is accountable for this?). In professional settings, 'ansvarsområde' refers to an area of responsibility. When expressing that something is someone's fault, one might say 'det er ditt ansvar' (it's your responsibility/fault). It's a versatile word that covers a broad spectrum of obligations and duties.

よくある間違い

One common mistake is confusing 'ansvar' (responsibility) with 'skyld' (guilt or blame). While related, 'ansvar' refers to the duty or obligation for something, whereas 'skyld' implies culpability for a negative outcome. For instance, you can have 'ansvar' for a project even if a problem arises for which you are not directly 'skyldig' (guilty). Another mistake is misplacing the emphasis in pronunciation; it's AN-svar, not an-SVAR. Also, incorrectly using prepositions: 'ansvar for' (responsibility for) is the correct phrasing, not 'ansvar til' or 'ansvar om'.

ヒント

💡

Formal Responsibility

'Ansvar' is frequently used in formal or professional contexts to denote accountability or duties associated with a role or position. For instance, 'She has a great deal of responsibility in her new job.' ('Hun har mye ansvar i sin nye jobb.')

💡

Taking Responsibility

The phrase 'ta ansvar' means 'to take responsibility' or 'to take charge.' Example: 'Someone needs to take responsibility for this mistake.' ('Noen må ta ansvar for denne feilen.')

💡

Shared Responsibility

'Felles ansvar' translates to 'shared responsibility' or 'collective responsibility.' For example: 'Environmental protection is a shared responsibility.' ('Miljøvern er et felles ansvar.')

語源

The Norwegian word 'ansvar' (responsibility) has a fascinating etymology rooted in Old Norse and Germanic languages. It's a compound word, reflecting its meaning quite literally. The first part, 'an-', comes from the Old Norse 'and-' or 'anda-', meaning 'against' or 'towards.' This prefix often implies a reciprocal or corresponding action. The second part, '-svar,' originates from the Old Norse 'svar' or 'svara,' which means 'answer' or 'to answer.' Tracing it back further, 'svara' itself has Germanic roots, related to words like Old High German 'swarjan' and Old English 'andswarian' (to answer). The core concept of 'answering' or 'responding' to something or someone is central to the development of 'ansvar.' In essence, 'ansvar' can be understood as 'to answer for' or 'to stand accountable for.' The evolution of the word reflects a societal understanding of responsibility as being directly tied to accountability and the expectation of providing an answer or justification for one's actions or duties. Over centuries, this compound word solidified its meaning in Norwegian to denote the state of being accountable or obligated for something or someone, aligning with its linguistic ancestry that emphasizes facing and responding to obligations.

文化的な背景

In Norway, the concept of 'ansvar' (responsibility) is deeply ingrained in both individual and societal values. There's a strong emphasis on collective responsibility and social solidarity, often reflected in the welfare state model. Individuals are generally expected to be responsible for their actions and contribute to the community. This extends to environmental responsibility, where Norwegians are known for their commitment to sustainability and nature conservation. In a professional context, 'ansvar' often implies taking ownership of tasks and being accountable for outcomes. There's also a cultural understanding of shared responsibility within families and close communities, where people are expected to support each other. This is different from more individualistic cultures where responsibility might be seen as solely resting on the individual.

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a person carrying a heavy 'ansvar' (responsibility) on their shoulders, perhaps a superhero with a cape made of duties, reminding you that 'ansvar' is a burden or a charge.

よくある質問

4 問

'Ansvar' på norsk betyr å være pliktig eller forpliktet til å ta vare på noe, utføre en oppgave, eller svare for konsekvensene av ens handlinger. Det handler om å ha en bestemt rolle eller plikt overfor noe eller noen, og at man kan holdes ansvarlig for resultatet av denne rollen eller plikten. Det kan for eksempel være å ha ansvaret for et prosjekt, en person, eller en bestemt oppgave. Det innebærer ofte at man må stå til rette for det man gjør eller ikke gjør.

Absolutt! Her er noen eksempler: 'Hun tok fullt ansvar for feilen hun hadde gjort.' (She took full responsibility for the mistake she had made.) 'Som forelder har man et stort ansvar for sine barn.' (As a parent, one has a great responsibility for one's children.) 'Jeg har ansvaret for å lukke butikken i kveld.' (I have the responsibility to close the store tonight.) 'Delegere ansvar' betyr å gi noen andre en oppgave de skal ta ansvar for. Det illustrerer hvordan ordet brukes i ulike kontekster.

Mens 'ansvar' handler om plikt og forpliktelse, og å stå til rette for handlinger, handler 'skyld' mer spesifikt om å ha forårsaket en negativ hendelse eller overtredelse. Man kan ha ansvar for noe uten å ha skyld i en spesifikk negativ hendelse. For eksempel, en leder kan ha ansvar for et team, og teamet kan gjøre en feil, men lederen er ikke nødvendigvis skyldig i feilen selv om ansvaret for teamets prestasjon ligger hos lederen. Skyld er en mer direkte kobling til årsaken til noe negativt.

Det finnes mange sammensatte ord med 'ansvar'! Noen vanlige eksempler er: 'ansvarsfull' (responsible), 'ansvarsområde' (area of responsibility), 'ansvarsfordeling' (division of responsibility), 'ansvarsbevisst' (conscientious/aware of responsibility), 'ansvarsfri' (free of responsibility), 'ansvarsfølelse' (sense of responsibility), og 'miljøansvar' (environmental responsibility). Disse ordene viser hvor sentralt konseptet 'ansvar' er i det norske språket og hvordan det brukes for å beskrive ulike aspekter ved plikter og forpliktelser.

自分をテスト

fill blank

Det er viktig å ta ______ for egne handlinger.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Hun har ______ for prosjektet.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Hvem har ______ for barna?

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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ansvar Danish ansvar Swedish
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