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A1 verb 12分で読める

kjenne

練習する 例文 メモとヒント kjenne 30秒で
解説 kjenne in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'kjenne' is primarily introduced with its meaning of 'to know someone'. Learners are expected to understand and use it in simple introductions and statements about personal acquaintances. For example, 'Jeg kjenner Petter' (I know Petter) or 'Kjenner du henne?' (Do you know her?). The second meaning, 'to feel something', is also introduced but may be less emphasized initially. Sentences like 'Jeg kjenner kulden' (I feel the cold) are common. The reflexive form 'kjenne seg' might be introduced with basic feelings like 'Jeg kjenner meg trøtt' (I feel tired). The key is to distinguish it from 'vite' (to know a fact).
At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'kjenne' to include more varied social contexts and a broader range of physical and emotional sensations. They will encounter and use 'kjenne' to describe knowing more people, places, or even abstract concepts to some extent (e.g., 'kjenne til'). The reflexive form 'kjenne seg' becomes more common for describing a wider array of feelings, such as 'Jeg kjenner meg glad' (I feel happy) or 'Jeg kjenner meg litt syk' (I feel a bit sick). The distinction with 'vite' is reinforced, and learners are expected to use both verbs accurately in simple sentences.
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For B1 learners, 'kjenne' is used with greater fluency and in more complex sentence structures. The nuances between 'kjenne' (acquaintance, feeling) and 'vite' (fact) are expected to be well-understood. Learners can use 'kjenne' to express more subtle feelings and intuitions, possibly with subordinate clauses ('Jeg kjenner at noe er galt' - I feel that something is wrong). They will also encounter idiomatic uses and phrasal verbs involving 'kjenne'. The ability to distinguish 'kjenne' from 'føle' and 'merke' becomes more important for precise expression.
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At the B2 level, 'kjenne' is used confidently and accurately in a wide range of contexts. Learners can handle more abstract uses of the verb, such as 'kjenne igjen' (to recognize) or 'kjenne på' (to feel, to experience). They understand the stylistic differences between 'kjenne', 'føle', and 'merke' and can choose the most appropriate verb for the intended meaning. Complex sentence structures involving 'kjenne' are common, and learners can discuss personal experiences, emotions, and intuitions with sophistication.
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C1 learners use 'kjenne' with native-like fluency and precision. They are adept at understanding and employing idiomatic expressions, collocations, and nuanced meanings. They can differentiate subtle shades of meaning between 'kjenne', 'føle', 'merke', and 'forstå' in complex discourse. The verb is used effectively in formal and informal registers, and learners can appreciate its role in conveying personal experience, subjective states, and social connections.
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C2 learners demonstrate complete mastery of 'kjenne'. They can use it in all its grammatical forms and semantic ranges, including highly idiomatic and specialized contexts. They possess an intuitive understanding of its connotations and can employ it to achieve specific stylistic effects. Their usage is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker, encompassing all its subtle variations and applications.
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練習する 例文 メモとヒント

kjenne 30秒で

  • Know people, feel sensations.
  • Used for personal acquaintance and physical/emotional feelings.
  • Distinguish from 'vite' (facts).
  • Key verb for everyday Norwegian.
The Norwegian verb "kjenne" is a fundamental word with two primary meanings that are quite distinct but share a common thread of perception or awareness. The first and most common meaning, especially at the A1 CEFR level, is 'to know someone'. This refers to having a personal acquaintance with a person, not just knowing their name or facts about them, but having met them and having some level of familiarity. For instance, if you say "Jeg kjenner henne", it means "I know her" in the sense of being acquainted with her. It's about recognizing someone and having a connection, however brief.

The second significant meaning of "kjenne" is 'to feel' or 'to sense' something. This can refer to physical sensations, emotions, or even intuitions. You might "kjenne" a pain, "kjenne" the cold, or "kjenne" that something is wrong. This usage highlights the internal or sensory experience of the subject. For example, "Jeg kjenner kulden" translates to "I feel the cold". It's about perceiving something through your senses or your internal state. This dual nature makes "kjenne" a versatile verb that you will encounter very frequently in Norwegian.

It's important to distinguish "kjenne" (to know someone/feel something) from "vite" (to know a fact or information). You "kjenner" a person, but you "vet" the answer to a question. You "kjenner" a feeling, but you "vet" that something is true. Understanding this distinction is crucial for accurate communication. The verb "kjenne" often implies a more personal, experiential, or sensory understanding, whereas "vite" is more about factual knowledge. In everyday conversation, "kjenne" is used in a wide array of situations, from introducing people to describing physical or emotional states. Its presence at the A1 level signifies its foundational importance in basic Norwegian communication.

Consider the context of meeting new people. When you are introduced to someone, you might say, "Hyggelig å kjenne deg" (Nice to meet you), implying you are beginning to know them. If you are talking about your friends, you would say, "Jeg kjenner mange nordmenn" (I know many Norwegians). In a different scenario, if you are experiencing a physical sensation, you might say, "Jeg kjenner hodepine" (I feel a headache). Or if you have a gut feeling, "Jeg kjenner at dette er riktig" (I feel that this is right). The verb "kjenne" is also used for sensing smells or tastes, such as "Jeg kjenner lukten av kaffe" (I smell the coffee). This broad applicability ensures that learners will need to master "kjenne" early on.

The verb "kjenne" can also be used reflexively with "seg", as in "å kjenne seg". This often translates to 'to feel' about oneself, for example, "Jeg kjenner meg trøtt" (I feel tired) or "Jeg kjenner meg glad" (I feel happy). This reflexive form is particularly common when describing one's emotional or physical state. It's a nuanced aspect of the verb that adds another layer to its usage, but the core meanings of knowing and feeling remain central. Mastering "kjenne" will unlock a significant portion of everyday Norwegian conversations and descriptions.
Using "kjenne" correctly in Norwegian sentences involves understanding its two main grammatical constructions: one for knowing people and one for feeling sensations. When "kjenne" refers to knowing a person, it is typically followed directly by the object (the person being known), often in the accusative case, though in modern Norwegian the accusative and nominative forms are often the same for personal pronouns. For example, "Jeg kjenner ham" (I know him) or "Du kjenner henne" (You know her). The direct object is the person. This is a straightforward transitive verb usage.

When "kjenne" means 'to feel' or 'to sense', it can be used in several ways. It can be followed by a noun representing the sensation, like "Jeg kjenner kulden" (I feel the cold) or "Jeg kjenner en lukt" (I smell a scent). Here, the noun is the direct object. Alternatively, "kjenne" can be used with the reflexive pronoun "seg" followed by an adjective or a noun describing a state. This is extremely common for expressing how one feels. Examples include "Jeg kjenner meg sliten" (I feel tired), "Hun kjenner seg glad" (She feels happy), or "Vi kjenner oss trygge" (We feel safe). The structure is 'subject + kjenne seg + adjective/noun'.

It is also possible to "kjenne" a more abstract thing, like a feeling of intuition or a sense of something. For instance, "Jeg kjenner at noe er galt" (I feel that something is wrong). In this case, "kjenne" is followed by a subordinate clause introduced by "at". This construction is also very useful for expressing gut feelings or premonitions.

Let's look at sentence structures. The basic structure for knowing a person is: Subject + kjenne + Object (person). Example: "Vi kjenner læreren." (We know the teacher.)

For feeling physical sensations or smells/tastes: Subject + kjenne + Object (sensation/smell/taste). Example: "Jeg kjenner smaken av sjokolade." (I taste the chocolate.)

For expressing how one feels about oneself (reflexive): Subject + kjenne seg + Adjective/Noun. Example: "Barnet kjenner seg sultent." (The child feels hungry.)

For sensing or intuiting something: Subject + kjenne + 'at' + Clause. Example: "Jeg kjenner at jeg må sove." (I feel that I must sleep.)

Understanding these patterns will allow you to construct a wide variety of sentences. Remember that "kjenne" can be conjugated like any other regular verb. For example, in the past tense, it becomes "kjente". "Jeg kjente ham i går." (I knew him yesterday.) "Jeg kjente kulden i går." (I felt the cold yesterday.) This versatility makes "kjenne" an indispensable verb for everyday Norwegian.

Pay attention to prepositions if they are used. While "kjenne" is often direct, certain idiomatic expressions might involve prepositions. However, for the basic A1 level meanings, direct objects and the reflexive form are the most prevalent. Practicing with these core structures will build a strong foundation for using "kjenne" confidently.
You will hear "kjenne" constantly in everyday Norwegian conversations, making it one of the most essential verbs for beginners. Its prevalence spans across various social situations, from casual greetings to more personal discussions. When Norwegians introduce themselves or talk about their social circles, "kjenne" is indispensable. For instance, in a social gathering, someone might ask, "Kjenner du mange her?" (Do you know many people here?). Or if you're talking about a mutual acquaintance, you might say, "Ja, jeg kjenner henne fra studiene." (Yes, I know her from my studies.) This usage is so common it's almost automatic.

Beyond personal introductions, "kjenne" is frequently used to describe physical sensations. Imagine being in Norway during winter; you'll hear people remarking on the weather: "Jeg kjenner kulden biter." (I feel the cold biting.) or "Kjenner du vinden?" (Do you feel the wind?). This applies to any physical feeling, from pain to comfort. "Jeg kjenner en vondt i ryggen." (I feel a pain in my back.) or "Jeg kjenner meg varm og god." (I feel warm and cozy.)

The reflexive form, "å kjenne seg", is particularly common when people are discussing their well-being, emotions, or general state. You'll hear this in casual conversations about how someone is doing: "Hvordan kjenner du deg i dag?" (How are you feeling today?) followed by responses like "Jeg kjenner meg litt sliten." (I feel a bit tired.) or "Jeg kjenner meg veldig fornøyd." (I feel very satisfied.). This is a standard way to express personal feelings.

Furthermore, "kjenne" is used to express intuition or a gut feeling. If someone has a premonition, they might say, "Jeg kjenner at noe ikke stemmer." (I feel that something is not right.) or "Jeg kjenner på meg at dette blir en bra dag." (I have a feeling this will be a good day.). This usage is prevalent in discussions about decisions, future events, or just general impressions.

You'll also encounter "kjenne" in contexts related to taste and smell. When enjoying food or drink, someone might say, "Jeg kjenner smaken av sitron." (I taste the lemon.) or "Lukter du det? Jeg kjenner det godt." (Do you smell that? I smell it strongly.). This sensory experience is a frequent application of the verb.

In educational settings, especially at beginner levels, "kjenne" is introduced early. Teachers will use it in examples: "Kjenner du til dette ordet?" (Do you know this word?). In media, such as news reports or interviews, you might hear it when people are describing their experiences or relationships. For instance, a witness might say, "Jeg kjente personen som var involvert." (I knew the person who was involved.). The verb is so deeply embedded in the language that you will hear it in virtually every aspect of Norwegian life, from family conversations to public discourse. Its dual meaning makes it a versatile tool for communication that Norwegians use instinctively.
One of the most common mistakes for English speakers learning Norwegian is confusing "kjenne" with "vite". Both translate to 'to know' in English, but they have distinct uses in Norwegian. "Kjenne" is used for knowing people, places, or things through familiarity, experience, or sensory perception. "Vite" is used for knowing facts, information, or how to do something. For example, you "kjenner" a person, but you "vet" their address. You "kjenner" the city of Oslo, but you "vet" that Oslo is the capital of Norway. A common error is saying "Jeg vet henne" when you mean "Jeg kjenner henne" (I know her). This mistake can lead to misunderstandings.

Another frequent error involves the reflexive form "kjenne seg". Learners might forget to use "seg" when expressing how they feel internally. For instance, instead of saying "Jeg kjenner meg sliten" (I feel tired), they might incorrectly say "Jeg kjenner sliten". The reflexive pronoun "seg" is essential here to indicate that the feeling is about oneself. Similarly, they might use "kjenne" where "føle" (to feel, often emotions) would be more appropriate, although "kjenne seg" can often substitute "føle seg". However, "føle" is more commonly used for abstract emotions like love or sadness, while "kjenne seg" is more about one's current physical or emotional state.

A third common pitfall is the incorrect use of prepositions or direct objects. While "kjenne" often takes a direct object (e.g., "Jeg kjenner ham"), learners might incorrectly insert prepositions or use the wrong case (though case distinctions are less prominent in modern Norwegian for pronouns). For example, they might say "Jeg kjenner til ham" when they simply mean "I know him". "Kjenne til" usually means 'to be aware of' or 'to have knowledge about' something or someone, often in a more distant way than direct acquaintance. So, "Jeg kjenner til teorien" (I am aware of the theory) is correct, but for knowing a person, direct "kjenne" is preferred.

Furthermore, learners might struggle with the nuances of "kjenne" when it refers to sensing or intuiting. They might overgeneralize its use or fail to recognize it in contexts like "Jeg kjenner at det er kaldt" (I feel that it is cold). They might also incorrectly use "vite" in such situations, like "Jeg vet at det er kaldt", which is grammatically correct but implies factual knowledge rather than a sensory feeling. The distinction between knowing a fact and feeling a sensation is critical.

Finally, pronunciation can be a challenge. The Norwegian 'k' sound at the beginning of "kjenne" is similar to the English 'k', but the vowel sound and the final 'e' need attention. Mispronouncing it can make the word sound different from the intended meaning, especially when distinguishing it from other words. Practicing the sounds and the common collocations will help avoid these errors.
Understanding words similar to "kjenne" is crucial for nuanced expression in Norwegian. The most important distinction is with "vite", as discussed. While both mean 'to know', "vite" pertains to factual knowledge, information, or skills. You "vite" the answer to a question, you "vite" how to swim, and you "vite" that Norway is a country. "Kjenne", on the other hand, implies familiarity, acquaintance, or sensory perception. You "kjenne" a person, you "kjenne" a city from living there, and you "kjenne" the taste of coffee.

Another related verb is "føle". "Føle" generally translates to 'to feel', often in a more emotional or abstract sense than "kjenne seg". While "Jeg kjenner meg glad" (I feel happy) is perfectly normal, "Jeg føler glede" (I feel joy) is also common and perhaps more poetic or intense. "Føle" can also describe physical sensations, but "kjenne" is more common for immediate, direct physical perceptions like touch or temperature. For instance, you "kjenne" the rough texture of wood, but you might "føle" sadness. The distinction can be subtle, but "kjenne" often implies a more direct sensory or experiential connection.

"Forstå" means 'to understand'. While understanding someone's character might involve "kjenne" them, the act of comprehension itself is "forstå". For example, "Jeg kjenner ham godt, men jeg forstår ikke hvorfor han gjorde det." (I know him well, but I don't understand why he did that.). You might "kjenne" a situation or a problem, but you "forstå" its implications or solutions.

"Merke" translates to 'to notice' or 'to perceive'. It's very close to "kjenne" when "kjenne" means to sense something. For example, "Jeg merker at det er kaldt" (I notice that it's cold) is very similar to "Jeg kjenner at det er kaldt" (I feel that it's cold). "Merke" often implies a more conscious observation of a change or a detail, whereas "kjenne" can be more of an inherent sensory perception.

"Være kjent med" is a phrase that means 'to be familiar with'. It's a more formal or elaborate way of saying you "kjenne" something or someone. For example, "Jeg er kjent med denne boken" (I am familiar with this book) is a more formal alternative to "Jeg kjenner denne boken" (I know this book). This phrase is often used when talking about knowledge of subjects, procedures, or concepts.

Here's a comparative summary:

Kjenne
To know a person, to feel a sensation, to sense.
Vite
To know a fact, information, or how to do something.
Føle
To feel (often emotions, more abstract).
Merke
To notice, to perceive (often a conscious observation).
Være kjent med
To be familiar with (more formal).

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The Proto-Germanic root '*kannōną' is also related to the concept of 'can' or 'to be able to', suggesting an older connection between knowing and having the capacity to do something. This connection is still faintly visible in some uses of 'kjenne' related to innate abilities or perceptions.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈʃɛnə/
US /ˈʃɛnə/
The stress is on the first syllable: KJE-nne.
韻が合う語
tenne renne penne brenne venne kjenne enne genne
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'kj' as a hard 'k' sound.
  • Not pronouncing the final 'e' sound, making it sound like 'kjenn'.
  • Using an English 'sh' that is too soft or too far back in the mouth.

難易度

読解 2/5

At the A1-A2 level, 'kjenne' is relatively easy to read due to its common usage in basic sentences. Recognizing its two main meanings (knowing people vs. feeling) is key. The complexity increases with idiomatic uses and nuanced distinctions from similar verbs at higher levels.

ライティング 2/5

Beginners can easily write simple sentences with 'kjenne'. The main challenge is correctly distinguishing it from 'vite' and using the reflexive 'kjenne seg' appropriately. Advanced users need to master its idiomatic expressions and subtle shades of meaning.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation of the 'kj' sound can be a challenge for some. Using 'kjenne' correctly in spontaneous speech requires differentiating its meanings and avoiding confusion with 'vite'. The reflexive form is crucial for expressing feelings.

リスニング 2/5

The distinct meanings of 'kjenne' are usually clear from context, making it relatively easy to understand at lower levels. Distinguishing it from 'vite' and understanding idiomatic uses requires more practice.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

jeg du han hun vi de er har navn venn kald varm glad trøtt nei ja

次に学ぶ

vite føle merke forstå vil kan skal må alltid aldri ofte sjelden hvor hva hvem

上級

kjennskap ukjent kjent kjenne igjen kjenne til kjenne på kjenne sin besøkelsestid kjenne sin lest kjennemerke

知っておくべき文法

Verb Conjugation (Present Tense)

kjenne -> kjenner (jeg kjenner, du kjenner, han kjenner, etc.)

Reflexive Verbs

kjenne + seg -> kjenne seg (jeg kjenner meg, du kjenner deg, etc.)

Object Pronouns

kjenne + ham/henne/meg/deg (jeg kjenner ham/henne/meg/deg)

Subordinate Clauses with 'at'

Jeg kjenner at det er viktig. ('at' introduces the subordinate clause)

Past Tense of 'kjenne'

kjenne -> kjente (jeg kjente, du kjente, etc.)

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レベル別の例文

1

Jeg kjenner Anne.

I know Anne.

'kjenner' is the present tense of 'kjenne'. 'Anne' is the direct object.

2

Kjenner du ham?

Do you know him?

'Kjenner' is conjugated for 'du' (you). 'Ham' is the object pronoun.

3

Jeg kjenner kulden.

I feel the cold.

'kjenne' used for a physical sensation. 'kulden' is the noun for cold.

4

Hun kjenner seg sliten.

She feels tired.

Reflexive form 'kjenne seg'. 'sliten' is an adjective.

5

Vi kjenner Oslo.

We know Oslo.

'kjenne' used for knowing a place through familiarity.

6

Jeg kjenner lukten.

I smell the scent.

'kjenne' used for smelling. 'lukten' is the noun for scent.

7

Kjenner du denne sangen?

Do you know this song?

'kjenne' used for familiarity with something (a song).

8

Jeg kjenner ham ikke.

I don't know him.

Negation with 'ikke' placed after the verb.

1

Jeg kjenner mange folk fra Norge.

I know many people from Norway.

'mange folk' (many people) as the object. Expressing a broader social network.

2

Kan du kjenne smaken av chili?

Can you taste the flavor of chili?

'kjenne' used for tasting. 'smaken av chili' (the taste of chili) as the object.

3

Hun kjenner seg glad når hun er ute i naturen.

She feels happy when she is out in nature.

Reflexive use of 'kjenne seg' with an adjective, linked to a condition.

4

Jeg kjenner at det kommer til å regne.

I feel that it is going to rain.

'kjenne' followed by 'at' and a subordinate clause, expressing intuition.

5

De kjenner hverandre fra jobb.

They know each other from work.

Reciprocal pronoun 'hverandre' (each other).

6

Jeg kjenner en gammel sang.

I know an old song.

'kjenne' for familiarity with a song.

7

Han kjenner seg litt urolig.

He feels a bit uneasy.

Reflexive use with an adjective indicating a subtle emotional state.

8

Vi kjenner godt til problemet.

We know the problem well.

Usage of 'kjenne til' meaning 'to be familiar with' or 'to know about'.

1

Jeg kjenner ham fra den gangen vi bodde i Bergen.

I know him from the time we lived in Bergen.

More specific context for knowing someone, using a temporal clause.

2

Du kan kjenne lukten av ferskt brød her.

You can smell the scent of fresh bread here.

'kjenne' used for sensory perception (smell) in a specific location.

3

Etter operasjonen kjente hun seg svak.

After the operation, she felt weak.

Past tense 'kjente'. Reflexive use describing a post-medical condition.

4

Jeg kjenner at dette er en viktig mulighet.

I feel that this is an important opportunity.

Intuitive feeling about a future event or situation.

5

De kjente hverandre godt nok til å vite hva den andre tenkte.

They knew each other well enough to know what the other was thinking.

Using 'kjenne' and 'vite' in relation to each other within a complex sentence.

6

Jeg kjenner til mange ulike teorier om dette.

I am aware of many different theories about this.

'kjenne til' used for awareness of concepts or information.

7

Han kjente en uforklarlig trang til å reise.

He felt an inexplicable urge to travel.

Expressing an abstract feeling or desire.

8

Vi kjenner oss trygge her.

We feel safe here.

Reflexive use expressing a state of security.

1

Selv om jeg ikke kjente ham personlig, kjente jeg til hans arbeid.

Although I didn't know him personally, I knew of his work.

Distinguishing between personal acquaintance ('kjente') and awareness of work ('kjente til').

2

Man kan kjenne en endring i luften før uværet.

One can sense a change in the air before the storm.

'kjenne' used for sensing atmospheric changes, often implying intuition.

3

Hun kjente seg dypt berørt av historien.

She felt deeply moved by the story.

Reflexive use with a past participle acting as an adjective, expressing strong emotion.

4

Jeg kjenner at denne avgjørelsen vil få store konsekvenser.

I feel that this decision will have major consequences.

Expressing a strong premonition or conviction about future events.

5

De kjente hverandre så godt at de ofte kunne fullføre hverandres setninger.

They knew each other so well that they could often finish each other's sentences.

Using 'kjenne' with an intensifier ('så godt') and a consequence clause.

6

Det er viktig å kjenne til de grunnleggende prinsippene før man begynner.

It is important to be familiar with the basic principles before starting.

'kjenne til' used for understanding foundational knowledge.

7

Han kjente en uventet glede da han fikk nyheten.

He felt an unexpected joy when he received the news.

Using 'kjenne' with an abstract noun for emotion, similar to 'føle'.

8

Vi kjenner oss forpliktet til å hjelpe.

We feel obligated to help.

Reflexive use expressing a sense of duty or commitment.

1

Man kan kjenne igjen et mesterverk ved dets unike stil og dybde.

One can recognize a masterpiece by its unique style and depth.

Use of 'kjenne igjen' (to recognize), a common compound verb.

2

Luften var så tett at man kunne kjenne den.

The air was so thick that one could feel it.

Emphasizing a strong sensory perception using 'kjenne'.

3

Hun kjente seg overveldet av ansvaret som fulgte med stillingen.

She felt overwhelmed by the responsibility that came with the position.

Reflexive use with a past participle for a complex emotional state.

4

Jeg kjenner på meg at dette er et vendepunkt.

I have a feeling that this is a turning point.

Idiomatic use of 'kjenne på seg' for strong intuition.

5

De kjente hverandre så godt at de kunne lese tankene til hverandre.

They knew each other so well that they could read each other's minds.

Hyperbole emphasizing the depth of acquaintance.

6

Det er essensielt å kjenne til de juridiske implikasjonene før man signerer.

It is essential to be aware of the legal implications before signing.

'kjenne til' used in a formal, legal context.

7

Han kjente en dyp lengsel etter hjemlandet.

He felt a deep longing for his homeland.

Using 'kjenne' for a profound emotional state, akin to 'føle'.

8

Vi kjenner oss forpliktet til å opprettholde disse standardene.

We feel obligated to uphold these standards.

Formal reflexive use for a sense of duty.

1

Hans evne til å kjenne igjen subtile nyanser i språket var bemerkelsesverdig.

His ability to recognize subtle nuances in language was remarkable.

'kjenne igjen' used in an academic context, emphasizing perceptive skill.

2

Den gamle bygningen kjentes robust og solid, selv etter hundre år.

The old building felt robust and solid, even after a hundred years.

'kjenne' used for describing the perceived quality or character of an inanimate object through sensory experience.

3

Hun kjente seg som en fremmed i sitt eget barndomshjem.

She felt like a stranger in her own childhood home.

Figurative use of 'kjenne seg' to express alienation.

4

Jeg kjenner på meg at dette er begynnelsen på slutten.

I have a feeling that this is the beginning of the end.

Poetic and dramatic use of 'kjenne på meg' for a significant premonition.

5

De hadde en slik telepatisk forståelse at de knapt trengte å kjenne hverandre verbalt.

They had such a telepathic understanding that they hardly needed to know each other verbally.

Emphasis on the depth of connection, contrasting with verbal communication.

6

Det er avgjørende å kjenne til de historiske forløpene for å forstå dagens situasjon.

It is crucial to be aware of the historical developments to understand the current situation.

'kjenne til' used in a scholarly context for historical knowledge.

7

Han kjente en eksistensiell tomhet som ingen ytre suksess kunne fylle.

He felt an existential emptiness that no external success could fill.

Expressing profound, abstract philosophical feelings.

8

Vi kjenner oss bundet av en felles skjebne.

We feel bound by a common destiny.

Figurative reflexive use expressing a deep, shared connection.

よく使う組み合わせ

kjenne igjen
kjenne på
kjenne seg selv
kjenne til
kjenne en lukt
kjenne en smak
kjenne en følelse
kjenne noen godt
kjenne kulden
kjenne seg bra/dårlig

よく使うフレーズ

Jeg kjenner henne.

— I know her (personally).

Ja, jeg kjenner henne fra universitetet.

Kjenner du ham?

— Do you know him (personally)?

Kjenner du ham? Han jobber her.

Jeg kjenner meg trøtt.

— I feel tired.

Etter en lang dag kjenner jeg meg veldig trøtt.

Jeg kjenner kulden.

— I feel the cold.

Ute er det kaldt, jeg kjenner kulden.

Kjenner du lukten?

— Do you smell the scent?

Kjenner du lukten av kaffe? Den er sterk.

Jeg kjenner til det.

— I am aware of it / I know about it.

Jeg kjenner til problemet, men jeg vet ikke løsningen.

Kjenner du deg igjen?

— Do you recognize yourself (in this situation/description)?

Historien er så lik min egen, jeg kjenner meg igjen.

Kjenner du denne sangen?

— Do you know this song?

Denne sangen er gammel, kjenner du den?

Jeg kjenner meg glad.

— I feel happy.

Solen skinner, og jeg kjenner meg glad.

Det kjenner jeg.

— I know that feeling. / I can relate.

Du er sliten? Det kjenner jeg.

よく混同される語

kjenne vs vite

This is the most common confusion. 'Kjenne' is for knowing people/places/sensations, 'vite' is for facts/information. Example: 'Jeg kjenner ham' (I know him) vs. 'Jeg vet navnet hans' (I know his name).

kjenne vs føle

'Føle' often implies more abstract or emotional feelings, while 'kjenne' (especially 'kjenne seg') is common for current physical or emotional states. The distinction can be subtle.

kjenne vs merke

'Merke' means to notice or perceive, often implying a conscious observation, whereas 'kjenne' can be a more direct sensory experience.

慣用句と表現

"kjenne på kroppen"

— To feel something physically, often a subtle sensation or pain.

Jeg kjente på kroppen at jeg hadde feber.

Neutral
"kjenne sin besøkelsestid"

— To know the right time to act or seize an opportunity.

Hun kjente sin besøkelsestid og slo til da tilbudet kom.

Neutral/Slightly formal
"å kjenne sin lest"

— To know one's own capabilities or limitations; to know one's own mind.

Han kjenner sin lest og vet hva han er god for.

Neutral
"kjenne noen som sin egen lomme"

— To know someone extremely well.

Jeg kjenner henne som min egen lomme, hun ville aldri lyve.

Informal
"kjenne vinden"

— To sense a change in the atmosphere or situation; to get a hint of what's coming.

Politikerne begynner å kjenne vinden snu.

Neutral/Figurative
"kjenne på hjertet"

— To feel something deeply in one's heart; to have a strong emotional response.

Jeg kjente på hjertet at dette var riktig.

Emotional/Literary
"kjenne til bunns"

— To know something thoroughly or completely.

Han kjente saken til bunns før han uttalte seg.

Formal/Neutral
"kjenne på kroppen at noe er galt"

— To have a gut feeling or intuition that something is wrong.

Jeg kjente på kroppen at noe var galt med bilen.

Neutral/Informal
"kjenne sin plass"

— To know one's position or role, often used to keep someone in check.

Han måtte minne henne på å kjenne sin plass.

Can be informal or slightly negative
"kjenne på savnet"

— To feel the longing or missing of someone or something.

Etter at hun flyttet, kjente hun på savnet etter familien.

Emotional

間違えやすい

kjenne vs vite

Both translate to 'to know' in English.

'Kjenne' is used for personal acquaintance, familiarity, and sensory perception (e.g., 'kjenne en person', 'kjenne kulden'). 'Vite' is used for factual knowledge, information, or skills (e.g., 'vite svaret', 'vite hvordan man svømmer').

Jeg kjenner henne, men jeg vet ikke hvor hun bor.

kjenne vs føle

Both relate to experiencing something internally.

'Kjenne' (especially 'kjenne seg') is very common for describing one's current physical or emotional state ('Jeg kjenner meg trøtt', 'Jeg kjenner meg glad'). 'Føle' is often used for more abstract emotions or deeper feelings ('Jeg føler glede', 'Jeg føler tristhet').

Jeg kjenner meg varm, men jeg føler ingen frykt.

kjenne vs merke

Both can be used to perceive something.

'Merke' means to notice or perceive, often implying a conscious observation or detection of a change ('Jeg merker at det er kaldere'). 'Kjenne' can be a more immediate, direct sensory perception ('Jeg kjenner kulden').

Jeg merker at luften er blitt tyngre, og jeg kjenner en ubehagelig lukt.

kjenne vs forstå

Both relate to comprehension.

'Kjenne' refers to knowing someone or something through familiarity or experience ('Jeg kjenner denne boken'). 'Forstå' means to comprehend information or a situation ('Jeg forstår problemet').

Jeg kjenner ham godt, men jeg forstår ikke hvorfor han sa det.

kjenne vs kjent

It's the past participle of 'kjenne' and looks similar.

'Kjenne' is the verb (to know/feel). 'Kjent' is the adjective/past participle, meaning 'known' or 'famous' ('Han er kjent').

Jeg kjenner ham. Han er kjent over hele landet.

文型パターン

A1

Subject + kjenne + Object (Person)

Jeg kjenner Maria.

A1

Subject + kjenne + Noun (Sensation)

Jeg kjenner kulden.

A1

Subject + kjenne seg + Adjective

Jeg kjenner meg glad.

A2

Subject + kjenne + 'at' + Clause

Jeg kjenner at det er viktig.

A2

Subject + kjenne + Noun (Smell/Taste)

Jeg kjenner lukten av blomster.

B1

Subject + kjenne + Object + (Prepositional Phrase)

Vi kjenner ham fra skolen.

B1

Subject + kjenne seg + Past Participle

Han kjente seg overveldet.

B2

Subject + kjenne igjen + Object

Jeg kjente henne ikke igjen.

語族

名詞

kjennskap

動詞

kjenne
kjenne igjen
kjenne til
kjenne på

形容詞

kjent

関連

kjennskap (knowledge, acquaintance)
ukjent (unknown)
kjent (known, famous)
kjenne igjen (to recognize)
kjenne til (to be aware of)
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使い方

frequency

Very high

よくある間違い
  • Using 'vite' instead of 'kjenne' for people. → Jeg kjenner henne.

    English uses 'know' for both. 'Kjenne' is for personal acquaintance. 'Vite' is for facts. So, you 'kjenne' a person, but you 'vite' their name.

  • Forgetting 'seg' in 'kjenne seg'. → Jeg kjenner meg sliten.

    When describing how you feel internally, you need the reflexive pronoun 'seg' (or 'meg', 'deg', etc.). 'Jeg kjenner sliten' is incorrect.

  • Using 'kjenne' for factual knowledge. → Jeg vet at Oslo er hovedstaden.

    You 'kjenne' a person or a place (familiarity), but you 'vite' a fact. 'Kjenne at Oslo er hovedstaden' would sound strange.

  • Confusing 'kjenne' and 'føle' for emotions. → Jeg føler glede. / Jeg kjenner meg glad.

    'Føle' is often used for abstract emotions (glede - joy), while 'kjenne seg' is common for current states (glad - happy). The distinction can be subtle, but 'føle' for deep emotions is a good guideline.

  • Incorrectly using 'kjenne til' for direct acquaintance. → Jeg kjenner ham.

    'Kjenne til' means 'to be aware of' or 'to know about' something. For direct personal acquaintance, use 'kjenne'.

ヒント

Focus on Context

Always pay attention to the context when you see or hear 'kjenne'. Is it about knowing a person, feeling a sensation, or sensing something? This will help you understand which meaning is intended and how to use it yourself.

Master 'Kjenne seg'

The reflexive form 'kjenne seg' is extremely common for describing feelings. Make sure to practice using it with different adjectives: 'kjenne seg glad', 'kjenne seg sliten', 'kjenne seg syk', etc.

'Kjenne' vs. 'Vite'

This is crucial! 'Kjenne' is for people, places (familiarity), and feelings/sensations. 'Vite' is for facts, information, and skills. Create flashcards or sentences to drill this difference.

Practice the 'kj' Sound

The 'kj' sound can be tricky. Listen to native speakers and practice saying 'kjenne', 'kjent', 'kjenne igjen'. Mimic the 'sh' sound at the beginning.

Use it for Senses

Don't forget that 'kjenne' is used for smell, taste, and touch. Try to describe what you are sensing using 'kjenne' in your daily life: 'Jeg kjenner lukten av kaffe', 'Jeg kjenner at det er varmt'.

Learn Common Phrases

Phrases like 'kjenne igjen' (recognize), 'kjenne til' (be aware of), and 'kjenne på kroppen' (feel physically) are very useful and will make your Norwegian sound more natural.

Active Recall

Instead of just reading about 'kjenne', actively try to use it. Write sentences, speak them aloud, and try to find opportunities to use it in conversations.

Listen for 'kjenne'

When listening to Norwegian audio or conversations, actively try to spot instances of 'kjenne'. Note the context and the meaning being conveyed.

Compare with 'Føle'

Understand that while 'kjenne' and 'føle' can both mean 'to feel', 'føle' often leans towards more abstract emotions, while 'kjenne' is common for current states and physical sensations.

Connect to Culture

Think about how Norwegians describe their connection to nature or their feelings. 'Kjenne' is often used in these contexts, helping you understand the cultural relevance of the word.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine someone named Ken who is very friendly and knows everyone in town. You 'ken' everyone, so you 'kjenne' everyone. Also, imagine feeling a sharp 'ken' of pain – you 'kjenne' the pain.

視覚的連想

Picture a person with a magnifying glass looking at another person's face (recognizing them) and simultaneously touching a thermometer to their forehead (feeling a temperature).

Word Web

Kjenne Person (know) Feeling (feel) Sensation (feel) Acquaintance Recognition Intuition Sense

チャレンジ

For the next week, consciously try to use 'kjenne' at least once a day, either describing someone you know, a feeling you have, or a sensation you perceive. Write down the sentences and review them.

語源

The Norwegian word 'kjenne' originates from the Old Norse verb 'kenna'. This verb, in turn, comes from the Proto-Germanic root '*kannōną', which is related to 'knowing' and 'being able'. This root is also the source of the English word 'ken' (meaning range of knowledge or sight) and the German 'kennen' (to know).

元の意味： The original meaning was broadly 'to know', 'to perceive', 'to recognize', and 'to be aware of'. It encompassed both intellectual knowledge and sensory perception.

Indo-European > Germanic > North Germanic > Old Norse

文化的な背景

When using 'kjenne' to describe someone's feelings, be mindful of privacy. While it's common to ask 'Hvordan kjenner du deg?' (How are you feeling?), probing too deeply into someone's emotional state without invitation might be considered intrusive.

In English, 'to know' covers both 'kjenne' and 'vite', leading to potential confusion. English uses 'to feel' for sensations and emotions, which aligns with 'kjenne' and 'føle'. Phrases like 'I know him' cover 'Jeg kjenner ham', while 'I feel cold' covers 'Jeg kjenner kulden'.

Henrik Ibsen's plays often delve into human emotions and relationships, where verbs like 'kjenne' are central to character interaction and internal states. Edvard Munch's painting 'The Scream' captures a profound feeling of existential dread, a state that could be described using 'kjenne seg' or 'føle' in Norwegian. Norwegian folk music frequently evokes emotions and connection to nature, contexts where 'kjenne' would be used to describe sensory experiences or deep feelings.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Meeting new people

  • Hyggelig å kjenne deg.
  • Kjenner du noen her?
  • Jeg kjenner henne fra jobb.

Describing physical sensations

  • Jeg kjenner kulden.
  • Kan du kjenne varmen?
  • Jeg kjenner en smerte.

Talking about feelings

  • Jeg kjenner meg glad.
  • Hun kjenner seg sliten.
  • Vi kjenner oss trygge.

Discussing familiarity with things/places

  • Jeg kjenner denne byen.
  • Kjenner du denne sangen?
  • Jeg kjenner til problemet.

Expressing intuition

  • Jeg kjenner at noe er galt.
  • Jeg kjenner at det vil gå bra.

会話のきっかけ

"Hvem kjenner du i dette rommet?"

"Hvordan kjenner du deg i dag?"

"Kjenner du lukten av sommer?"

"Hva slags følelser kjenner du når du hører denne musikken?"

"Kjenner du til noen gode restauranter her i nærheten?"

日記のテーマ

Skriv om en person du kjenner godt. Hvorfor kjenner du denne personen?

Beskriv en følelse du kjenner akkurat nå. Bruk 'kjenne seg'.

Hvilke sanseinntrykk kjenner du i omgivelsene dine akkurat nå? (lukt, lyd, berøring)

Tenk på en gang du hadde en sterk intuisjon. Beskriv hva du kjente.

Skriv en kort historie der noen må kjenne igjen en person eller en gjenstand.

よくある質問

10 問

This is a very common question! In English, we often use 'to know' for both. In Norwegian, 'kjenne' is used for knowing people, places through familiarity, or for sensory perceptions and feelings (e.g., 'Jeg kjenner henne' - I know her; 'Jeg kjenner kulden' - I feel the cold). 'Vite' is used for factual knowledge, information, or skills (e.g., 'Jeg vet at det regner' - I know that it is raining; 'Jeg vet hvordan man svømmer' - I know how to swim). Think of 'kjenne' as personal acquaintance and sensory experience, and 'vite' as factual knowledge.

'Kjenne seg' is the reflexive form and is used when you are describing how you feel about yourself, your internal state, or your condition. It's very common for expressing physical or emotional feelings. For example: 'Jeg kjenner meg trøtt' (I feel tired), 'Hun kjenner seg glad' (She feels happy), 'Vi kjenner oss trygge' (We feel safe). You always need the reflexive pronoun ('meg', 'deg', 'seg', 'oss', 'dere', 'seg') after 'kjenne' in this context.

Yes, absolutely! 'Kjenne' is used for sensory perceptions, including smell and taste. You can say 'Jeg kjenner lukten av kaffe' (I smell the scent of coffee) or 'Kan du kjenne smaken av sitron?' (Can you taste the flavor of lemon?). It's a very common usage.

The past tense of 'kjenne' is 'kjente'. So, if you knew someone yesterday, you would say 'Jeg kjente ham i går'. If you felt cold yesterday, you would say 'Jeg kjente kulden i går'.

Yes, it can be. If you are familiar with a city or a place because you have lived there or visited often, you can say 'Jeg kjenner Oslo' (I know Oslo). This implies familiarity and experience, rather than just knowing facts about it (which would use 'vite').

This is a nuanced distinction. 'Kjenne' is often used for more direct physical sensations ('kjenne kulden') or current states ('kjenne seg trøtt'). 'Føle' is more commonly used for abstract emotions or deeper feelings ('føle glede', 'føle tristhet'). However, they can sometimes overlap, and 'kjenne seg' is very widely used for both physical and emotional feelings.

'Kjenne igjen' is a common compound verb that means 'to recognize'. For example, 'Jeg kjente ham ikke igjen' means 'I didn't recognize him'. It's used when you identify someone or something you've encountered before.

'Kjenne til' means 'to be aware of' or 'to know about' something. It's often used for concepts, topics, or situations rather than personal acquaintance. For example, 'Jeg kjenner til dette problemet' means 'I am aware of this problem'. It's less personal than simply saying 'Jeg kjenner problemet'.

Yes, it can. You can say 'Jeg kjenner at noe er galt' (I feel that something is wrong) or 'Jeg kjenner på meg at dette er viktig' (I have a feeling that this is important). This usage expresses a gut feeling or intuition.

The 'kj' at the beginning sounds like 'sh' in English (similar to 'shoe' or 'shine'). The vowels are short, like the 'e' in 'bed', and the final 'e' is a light, unstressed sound. The stress is on the first syllable: KJE-nne. Listen to native speakers to get the pronunciation right!

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