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Polish
語彙
marginalny

B2 adjective 9分で読める

marginalny

練習する例文メモとヒント marginalny 30秒で

解説 marginalny in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'marginalny' is quite advanced. However, you can think of it as a fancy way to say 'not big' or 'not important.' In Polish, when you learn 'mały' (small) and 'duży' (big), 'marginalny' is like a very, very small 'mały' that doesn't really matter. Imagine you have a big cake (the main problem) and one tiny crumb falls off (the marginal problem). The crumb is 'marginalny.' Even though you are just starting, knowing this word helps you understand that some Polish words look like English words. 'Marginalny' looks like 'marginal.' This is a 'cognate.' You won't need to use it in your first conversations about your family or your hobbies, but if you see it in a newspaper, you can guess it means 'small importance.' Just remember: 'marginalny' for a boy-noun, 'marginalna' for a girl-noun, and 'marginalne' for a thing-noun. It is a good 'bonus' word to have in your pocket to impress your teacher!

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At the A2 level, you are starting to describe things in more detail. You know words like 'ważny' (important) and 'nieważny' (unimportant). 'Marginalny' is a more specific version of 'nieważny.' It describes things that are on the edge. If you are talking about a project at work or school, you might say a small mistake is 'marginalny.' It means it's there, but it's not the main focus. At this level, you should try to notice the word when reading simple news articles. You might see 'marginalne znaczenie' (marginal significance). This is a common pair. You don't need to use it every day, but it's useful for moving beyond basic vocabulary. Remember the endings: 'Ten błąd jest marginalny' (This error is marginal). It's a useful word because it sounds professional. If you use it instead of 'mały,' you sound like a more advanced student who knows how to use precise language.

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By B1, you are becoming an intermediate learner. You are moving away from simple sentences and starting to express opinions on more complex topics. 'Marginalny' is a great word for this. You can use it to dismiss an argument in a discussion or to describe a minor detail in a story. For example, if you are discussing social issues, you might talk about a 'marginalna grupa' (a marginal group). This shows you understand that some things are not in the center of society. You should also start using the adverb 'marginalnie.' For example: 'On interesuje się tym tylko marginalnie' (He is only marginally interested in this). This adds nuance to your speaking. At B1, you should be able to decline the word correctly in most cases. Pay attention to how it changes in the plural: 'marginalne problemy' (marginal problems). Using this word correctly shows that you are ready to handle more academic or formal Polish contexts, which is a key goal of the B1 level.

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At the B2 level, 'marginalny' should be a regular part of your vocabulary. This is the level where you are expected to understand and use formal language in business and academic settings. You should understand that 'marginalny' is often used to minimize the importance of something strategically. In a business presentation, you might say, 'Koszt jest marginalny' to convince your boss to approve a plan. You should also be familiar with the concept of 'marginalizacja' (marginalization), which is the process of making someone or something marginal. At B2, you should be able to use 'marginalny' in all cases and genders without hesitation. You should also be able to distinguish it from synonyms like 'peryferyjny' or 'drugoplanowy.' For example, you would know that 'peryferyjny' is better for physical locations, while 'marginalny' is better for abstract importance. This word is a hallmark of B2-level 'official' Polish, and using it accurately will make your written reports and formal speeches sound much more authentic.

For C1 learners, 'marginalny' is a tool for precision and subtle rhetoric. At this advanced stage, you are not just using the word to mean 'small'; you are using it to define the boundaries of a discourse. You might use it to describe 'marginalne korzyści' (marginal benefits) in an economic analysis, or 'marginalny nurt' (a marginal trend) in literature or art. You should be comfortable using it in complex grammatical structures, such as 'pomimo marginalnego znaczenia tego incydentu...' (despite the marginal significance of this incident...). You should also understand the socio-political weight of the word. Calling a political movement 'marginalny' at this level is a deliberate choice of framing. You should also explore the etymological connection to 'margines' (margin/edge) and how that informs the word's usage in different domains, from typography to sociology. At C1, you should be able to use the word with perfect naturalness, knowing exactly which collocations (like 'marginalna rola' or 'marginalny zysk') sound most native in specific professional contexts.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of Polish, and 'marginalny' is a word you use with stylistic flair. You understand its deepest nuances, including its potential for irony or euphemism. You might use it in a highly academic paper to discuss 'marginalne koszty krańcowe' (marginal costs) in economic theory, or in a literary critique to discuss 'marginalne postacie' (marginal characters) who actually hold the key to the narrative. You are aware of the word's historical development and its role in the 'język urzędowy' (officialese) of the past and present. You can effortlessly switch between 'marginalny' and its more obscure synonyms like 'znikomomyślny' or 'epizodyczny' depending on the desired register. Your use of 'marginalny' is no longer just about communication; it's about precision, tone, and the subtle manipulation of emphasis within a text. You recognize when the word is being used in media to downplay significant issues, and you can critique that usage in sophisticated Polish. At this level, the word is just one thread in the complex tapestry of your linguistic mastery.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

marginalny 30秒で

Means 'marginal' or 'insignificant'.
Used in formal, academic, and business Polish.
Describes things on the edge or of secondary importance.
Changes endings based on gender (marginalny, -na, -ne).

The Polish word marginalny is a sophisticated adjective that English speakers will find quite intuitive, as it shares its Latin roots with the English word 'marginal.' At its core, it describes something that exists on the edge, the periphery, or the border of something else. However, in contemporary Polish, its use has shifted significantly from a purely spatial or physical description to a metaphorical one, denoting things that are of secondary importance, insignificant, or minor in the grander scheme of a situation. When you describe a problem as marginalny, you are suggesting that while it exists, it does not warrant the primary focus of your attention. It is the 'noise' in the background rather than the 'signal' in the foreground.

The Spatial Edge: Originally, this referred to things literally written in the margins of a book or located at the physical boundary of a territory. In modern Polish, this usage is rarer but still present in academic contexts, such as notatki marginalne (marginal notes).
The Statistical Significance: In economics and sociology, it describes values or groups that are at the lower threshold or have very little impact on the overall data set. A marginalny zysk is a profit so small it hardly changes the financial standing of a company.
Social Exclusion: It is frequently used to describe social groups that are marginalized. People who live on the 'margins' of society—homeless individuals, or those in extreme poverty—are often described through the lens of marginalizacja (marginalization).

To jest jedynie marginalny przypadek, który nie wpływa na ogólny wynik naszych badań naukowych.

Translation: This is only a marginal case that does not affect the overall result of our scientific research.

Understanding the nuance of marginalny requires recognizing that it is not necessarily a synonym for 'bad.' It is a descriptor of scale and relevance. In a political debate, a candidate might dismiss an opponent's argument as marginalny to imply it isn't worth the public's time. In business, a manager might decide to ignore a marginalna usterka (minor glitch) to meet a deadline. It is a word of prioritization. It tells the listener: 'Don't look here; look at the bigger picture.'

Wpływ tych zmian na budżet państwa będzie całkowicie marginalny.

Register and Tone: You will rarely hear this word in a casual conversation between friends about what to eat for dinner. It belongs to the realms of journalism, formal reporting, academic papers, and serious political discourse. It carries an air of objectivity and detached observation.

Jego rola w tym projekcie była marginalna, mimo że bardzo się starał.

Using marginalny correctly in Polish requires a solid grasp of adjective-noun agreement. Since Polish adjectives change their endings based on the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe, you must be prepared to modify marginalny accordingly. It follows the standard hard-stem adjective declension pattern.

Masculine Singular (Mianownik): Used with masculine nouns like problem, sukces, zysk. Example: To jest marginalny problem. (This is a marginal problem.)
Feminine Singular (Mianownik): Used with feminine nouns like sprawa, rola, kwestia. Example: To marginalna sprawa. (This is a marginal matter.) Note the -a ending.
Neuter Singular (Mianownik): Used with neuter nouns like znaczenie, zjawisko, wydarzenie. Example: To ma marginalne znaczenie. (This has marginal significance.) Note the -e ending.

Musimy skupić się na priorytetach, a nie na marginalnych detalach.

Translation: We must focus on priorities, not on marginal details.

In plural forms, the distinction between 'virile' (groups containing at least one male human) and 'non-virile' (everything else) is crucial. For non-virile plural nouns like problemy or sprawy, the form is marginalne. For virile nouns like politycy, the form becomes marginalni.

Wielu ekspertów uważa te dowody za całkowicie marginalne.

The word often appears with adverbs of degree to emphasize how unimportant something is. Common pairings include całkowicie marginalny (completely marginal), czysto marginalny (purely marginal), or raczej marginalny (rather marginal). These intensifiers help calibrate the exact level of insignificance you wish to convey.

Czy uważasz, że ten incydent był marginalny, czy może zwiastuje większy kryzys?

If you are watching the evening news on TVP, Polsat, or TVN, you are highly likely to encounter marginalny in the context of political analysis. Journalists use it to describe the influence of small political parties or the impact of a specific policy on the general population. It is a staple of the 'expert' vocabulary—the kind of word a professor of political science uses when being interviewed about election results.

The Business Meeting: In a corporate setting in Warsaw or Kraków, a manager might say, 'Koszt tej operacji jest marginalny w porównaniu do potencjalnych zysków.' (The cost of this operation is marginal compared to potential profits.) It is used here to justify an expense or to dismiss a risk.
Academic Lectures: In universities, especially in humanities and social sciences, marginalny is used to describe phenomena that are not central to the main thesis. A history professor might discuss the marginalne znaczenie of a minor treaty that was overshadowed by a major war.
Legal and Official Documents: You will find this word in court rulings or administrative decisions where a judge might rule that a specific piece of evidence is marginalne for the outcome of the case.

To zjawisko społeczne, choć ciekawe, pozostaje marginalne w skali całego kraju.

Another common place to hear it is in the tech industry. When discussing software bugs or user edge cases, developers might refer to them as marginalne przypadki (edge cases). This usage closely mirrors the English 'marginal' or 'edge' in a technical sense, referring to things that happen only under very specific, rare conditions.

Większość wyborców uważa tę kwestię za marginalną w nadchodzących wyborach.

The most common mistake learners make with marginalny is overusing it in casual contexts. While it is technically correct to say 'Mój głód jest marginalny' (My hunger is marginal), it sounds incredibly stiff and unnatural. In everyday life, Poles would say 'Jestem trochę głodny' or 'To mało ważne.' Save marginalny for situations that require a bit of intellectual weight.

Confusing with 'Mały': While 'marginalny' implies something is small in importance, it shouldn't be used to describe physical size. You wouldn't say a marginalny pies (a marginal dog) when you mean a small dog (mały pies). It refers to abstract scale, not physical dimensions.
Misusing the Adverb Form: The adverb is marginalnie. Learners often forget the 'ie' ending or try to use the adjective where an adverb is needed. 'On traktuje to marginalnie' (He treats it marginally/lightly) is correct, whereas 'On traktuje to marginalny' is a grammatical error.

✗ To jest marginalny pudełko.
✓ To jest małe pudełko.

Don't use 'marginalny' for physical size.

Another nuance is the difference between marginalny and znikomy. While both mean small or insignificant, znikomy (negligible) suggests that something is so small it is almost non-existent. Marginalny suggests it exists on the periphery but might still be there. If there is a 0.01% chance of rain, it is znikoma szansa. If a political party has 2% support, it is a marginalna partia.

To truly master Polish, you need to know when to swap marginalny for a synonym to avoid repetition or to strike a slightly different tone. Polish is rich in words that describe insignificance, each with its own 'flavor.'

Peryferyjny (Peripheral): This is the closest synonym to the physical meaning of 'marginal.' It describes things that are on the outer edges. It is often used in geography or anatomy.
Comparison: 'Marginalny' is more about importance; 'Peryferyjny' is more about location.
Drugoplanowy (Background/Secondary): Literally 'second-plan.' Used for supporting actors in films (aktor drugoplanowy) or secondary issues in a plan.
Comparison: Use this when something is intentionally kept in the background.
Nieistotny (Unimportant): The most common, everyday word for 'not important.' It lacks the academic 'edge' of marginalny.
Comparison: 'Nieistotny' is general; 'Marginalny' is analytical.

Zamiast skupiać się na marginalnych kwestiach, zajmijmy się sednem sprawy.

Alternative: ...nieistotnych kwestiach...

If you want to describe something that is so small it's barely there, use śladowy (trace/minimal). For example, śladowe ilości orzechów (trace amounts of nuts) on a food label. You wouldn't use marginalny there. Conversely, if something is secondary but still part of a hierarchy, podrzędny (subordinate) is a great choice, especially in organizational structures.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word 'margines' (margin) in Polish is also used to describe social outcasts, known as 'margines społeczny'.

発音ガイド

UK /mar.ɡʲiˈnal.nɨ/

US /mɑːr.dʒɪˈnɑːl.ni/

Penultimate syllable (nal).

韻が合う語

fajny banalny aktualny specjalny lokalny fatalny moralny idealny

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'g' as 'j' like in English 'marginal'. In Polish, it is always a hard 'g'.
Stress on the first syllable.
Missing the soft 'i' after 'g'.
Replacing 'y' with 'i' at the end.
Mispronouncing the 'r' (should be rolled/tapped).

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize due to English cognate.

ライティング 5/5

Requires correct adjective endings for various cases.

スピーキング 4/5

Pronunciation of 'gi' and 'y' can be tricky.

リスニング 3/5

Clear rhythm makes it easy to spot in speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

mały ważny nieważny margines strona

次に学ぶ

marginalizacja peryferyjny istotny kontekst hierarchia

上級

krańcowy znikomy drugoplanowy epizodyczny

知っておくべき文法

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Marginalny (M) problem, Marginalna (F) sprawa.

Instrumental Case with 'być'

To jest marginalnym problemem.

Adverb Formation

Adjectives ending in -ny often form adverbs with -nie (marginalnie).

Virile vs Non-virile Plural

Marginalni (men), Marginalne (things/women).

Comparison of Adjectives

Bardziej marginalny, najbardziej marginalny.

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レベル別の例文

To jest marginalny problem.

This is a marginal problem.

Masculine singular form.

Ta sprawa jest marginalna.

This matter is marginal.

Feminine singular form.

To ma marginalne znaczenie.

This has marginal significance.

Neuter singular form.

On ma marginalny zysk.

He has a marginal profit.

Refers to masculine 'zysk'.

To są marginalne błędy.

These are marginal errors.

Non-virile plural form.

Jego rola była marginalna.

His role was marginal.

Feminine because of 'rola'.

Czy to jest marginalny temat?

Is this a marginal topic?

Question form.

To jest tylko marginalny koszt.

It is only a marginal cost.

Used with the adverb 'tylko' (only).

Mamy tylko marginalne opóźnienie.

We have only a marginal delay.

Neuter plural accusative.

To jest marginalna część projektu.

This is a marginal part of the project.

Feminine singular.

Jego wpływ na decyzję był marginalny.

His influence on the decision was marginal.

Masculine singular.

Nie martw się tym marginalnym detalem.

Don't worry about this marginal detail.

Instrumental case after 'tym'.

Oni są marginalną grupą w tym mieście.

They are a marginal group in this city.

Instrumental case after 'są'.

To zjawisko jest całkowicie marginalne.

This phenomenon is completely marginal.

Neuter singular with adverb 'całkowicie'.

Czy te zmiany są marginalne?

Are these changes marginal?

Plural question.

To był marginalny incydent na drodze.

It was a marginal incident on the road.

Masculine singular.

Wielu uważa ten problem za marginalny.

Many consider this problem marginal.

Accusative masculine singular.

Marginalne znaczenie tej ustawy jest oczywiste.

The marginal significance of this law is obvious.

Nominative neuter.

Zajmujemy się marginalnymi kwestiami zamiast głównymi.

We are dealing with marginal issues instead of main ones.

Instrumental plural.

Jego sukces był marginalny w porównaniu do brata.

His success was marginal compared to his brother's.

Comparison structure.

To jest marginalna partia polityczna.

This is a marginal political party.

Feminine singular adjective-noun pair.

Interesuję się tym tematem tylko marginalnie.

I am only marginally interested in this topic.

Adverbial form 'marginalnie'.

Marginalne koszty produkcji wzrosły.

Marginal production costs have increased.

Plural non-virile.

To był marginalny przypadek w historii medycyny.

It was a marginal case in the history of medicine.

Masculine singular.

Zjawisko marginalizacji dotyka wielu seniorów.

The phenomenon of marginalization affects many seniors.

Noun form 'marginalizacja'.

Wpływ mediów społecznościowych na ten wybór był marginalny.

The influence of social media on this choice was marginal.

Masculine singular.

Nie możemy pozwolić sobie na marginalne traktowanie tej sprawy.

We cannot afford a marginal treatment of this matter.

Neuter singular adjective.

To są marginalne zyski, które nie pokrywają kosztów.

These are marginal profits that do not cover costs.

Plural non-virile.

Jego wypowiedź została uznana za marginalną.

His statement was considered marginal.

Passive voice with feminine adjective.

W skali globalnej ten problem jest marginalny.

On a global scale, this problem is marginal.

Prepositional phrase 'W skali...'.

Skupienie się na marginalnych detalach spowolniło prace.

Focusing on marginal details slowed down the work.

Locative plural.

Czy marginalny wzrost podatków wpłynie na konsumpcję?

Will a marginal tax increase affect consumption?

Masculine singular.

Marginalny charakter tych uwag świadczy o ich niskiej wadze.

The marginal nature of these remarks testifies to their low weight.

Adjective modifying 'charakter'.

W dyskursie publicznym ta opinia pozostaje marginalna.

In public discourse, this opinion remains marginal.

Feminine singular.

Należy odróżnić błędy systemowe od marginalnych uchybień.

One must distinguish systemic errors from marginal lapses.

Genitive plural.

Jego wkład w rozwój teorii był, niestety, marginalny.

His contribution to the development of the theory was, unfortunately, marginal.

Masculine singular with parenthetical 'niestety'.

Marginalizacja grup mniejszościowych jest poważnym wyzwaniem.

Marginalization of minority groups is a serious challenge.

Noun 'Marginalizacja' as subject.

Te dowody mają charakter czysto marginalny.

This evidence is purely marginal in nature.

Accusative masculine singular.

Analiza marginalna jest kluczowa dla mikroekonomii.

Marginal analysis is key to microeconomics.

Technical term usage.

To marginalne zjawisko zyskało na znaczeniu w dobie internetu.

This marginal phenomenon gained significance in the age of the internet.

Neuter singular.

Eksploatacja marginalnych złóż ropy stała się opłacalna.

The exploitation of marginal oil deposits has become profitable.

Genitive plural.

Autor spycha te wątki na marginalny plan opowieści.

The author pushes these threads to the marginal plane of the story.

Accusative masculine singular.

Wobec ogromu tragedii, te straty materialne są marginalne.

In the face of the enormity of the tragedy, these material losses are marginal.

Plural non-virile.

Marginalność tego problemu jest jedynie pozorna.

The marginality of this problem is only apparent.

Noun 'Marginalność'.

Dostrzeżenie marginalnych sygnałów zmian wymaga intuicji.

Perceiving marginal signals of change requires intuition.

Genitive plural.

Jego rola w spisku była marginalna, lecz brzemienna w skutki.

His role in the conspiracy was marginal, yet consequential.

Feminine singular with contrast.

Teoria ta została zepchnięta do marginalnej roli w nauce.

This theory was relegated to a marginal role in science.

Dative feminine singular.

Współczesna kultura często absorbuje zjawiska marginalne.

Contemporary culture often absorbs marginal phenomena.

Accusative plural neuter.

類義語

nieistotny drugorzędny peryferyjny znikomy poboczny uboczny śladowy mało znaczący

反対語

kluczowy istotny główny centralny

よく使う組み合わせ

marginalne znaczenie

marginalna rola

marginalny problem

marginalny zysk

marginalna grupa

marginalny przypadek

marginalne koszty

marginalna kwestia

marginalny wpływ

marginalne uwagi

よく使うフレーズ

Zepchnięty na margines

— To be pushed to the sidelines or ignored.

Został zepchnięty na margines życia politycznego.

Na marginesie

— By the way; as a side note.

Na marginesie dodam, że spotkanie odwołano.

Marginalizacja społeczna

— The process of social exclusion.

Walczymy z marginalizacją społeczną.

Koszty marginalne

— The cost of producing one more unit.

Obliczamy koszty marginalne dla nowej linii.

Grupa marginalna

— A group outside the mainstream.

Oni należą do grupy marginalnej.

Marginalny błąd

— A negligible error.

To tylko marginalny błąd pomiarowy.

W sposób marginalny

— In a marginal way.

Wspomniał o tym tylko w sposób marginalny.

Marginalne korzyści

— Small, additional benefits.

Te zmiany przyniosły marginalne korzyści.

Marginalne zjawisko

— A fringe phenomenon.

Wandalizm to marginalne zjawisko w tej okolicy.

Marginalny sukces

— A very small success.

To był marginalny sukces naszej kampanii.

よく混同される語

marginalny vs mały

Mały is for size; marginalny is for importance.

marginalny vs marginalizowany

Marginalizowany is a participle (marginalized); marginalny is the state (marginal).

marginalny vs peryferyjny

Peryferyjny is often more about physical location.

慣用句と表現

"być na marginesie"

— To be excluded or unimportant.

On czuje się na marginesie klasy.

neutral

"pisać na marginesie"

— To make side notes (literal or figurative).

Piszę to tylko na marginesie naszej rozmowy.

neutral

"spychać na margines"

— To marginalize someone intentionally.

System spycha biednych na margines.

formal

"żyć na marginesie"

— To live outside of social norms.

Artyści często żyją na marginesie społeczeństwa.

neutral

"notatki na marginesie"

— Marginalia; side comments.

Znalazłem ciekawe notatki na marginesie książki.

neutral

"marginalny udział"

— A tiny share in something.

Miał tylko marginalny udział w zyskach.

formal

"marginalna egzystencja"

— A life of poverty or insignificance.

Prowadził marginalną egzystencję w Londynie.

literary

"marginalny nurt"

— A fringe movement.

To marginalny nurt w sztuce nowoczesnej.

academic

"marginalny problemik"

— A tiny, cute (diminutive) marginal problem.

To tylko taki marginalny problemik.

informal

"marginalny ślad"

— A trace so small it's barely there.

Został po nim tylko marginalny ślad.

neutral

間違えやすい

marginalny vs znikomy

Both mean small.

Znikomy means almost non-existent; marginalny means on the edge.

Znikoma szansa vs marginalny problem.

marginalny vs nieistotny

Synonyms.

Nieistotny is general; marginalny implies a position in a system.

Nieistotny fakt vs marginalna grupa.

marginalny vs drugorzędny

Both mean secondary.

Drugorzędny implies a ranking; marginalny implies being on the periphery.

Drugorzędny cel vs marginalny zysk.

marginalny vs poboczny

Both mean side-related.

Poboczny is often for paths/threads; marginalny is for scale.

Wątek poboczny vs marginalny wpływ.

marginalny vs śladowy

Both mean tiny.

Śladowy is for physical traces or amounts.

Śladowe ilości vs marginalne błędy.

文型パターン

To jest [adjective] [noun].

To jest marginalny błąd.

[Noun] ma [adjective] znaczenie.

To ma marginalne znaczenie.

Interesuję się [noun] tylko [adverb].

Interesuję się tym tylko marginalnie.

Nie możemy [verb] [adjective] spraw.

Nie możemy ignorować marginalnych spraw.

Zjawisko to ma charakter [adjective].

Zjawisko to ma charakter marginalny.

Spychać kogoś na [noun] plan.

Spychać kogoś na marginalny plan.

Uważać coś za [adjective].

Uważam to za marginalne.

W porównaniu do [noun], [noun] jest [adjective].

W porównaniu do kryzysu, to jest marginalne.

語族

名詞

margines

marginalizacja

marginalność

動詞

marginalizować

zmarginalizować

形容詞

marginalny

使い方

frequency

Common in media and academic writing; rare in slang.

よくある間違い

On jest marginalny. → On jest mało ważny / Jest na marginesie.
Calling a person 'marginalny' sounds like a direct translation and is slightly awkward.
To jest marginalny budynek. → To jest mały budynek.
Don't use 'marginalny' for physical size.
Marginalny sprawa. → Marginalna sprawa.
Gender disagreement.
Mówił o tym marginalny. → Mówił o tym marginalnie.
Used adjective instead of adverb.
To ma marginalny znaczenie. → To ma marginalne znaczenie.
Neuter noun 'znaczenie' requires 'marginalne'.

ヒント

Academic Writing

Use this word to describe variables that don't significantly change your results.

Gender Agreement

Double-check the noun gender! Sprawa = marginalna, Problem = marginalny.

The Hard G

Don't say 'mar-jinalny'. It's 'mar-gi-nal-ny' with a hard G like 'gold'.

True Friends

Remember it's a cognate with English 'marginal' - use that to your advantage!

Register

Avoid using it with friends while drinking coffee; it sounds too formal.

Sensitivity

When discussing people, 'marginalizowany' is often more empathetic than 'marginalny'.

Business Polish

Learn the phrase 'koszty marginalne' if you work in finance.

News Context

When you see this word in a headline, the article is likely about something minor.

Synonym Variety

Don't use it three times in one paragraph; swap with 'nieistotny' or 'drugorzędny'.

Visual Cue

Think of the white space on the side of this text; that is the 'margines'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of the 'margins' of your notebook. Anything written there is 'marginalny'—it's on the edge and usually less important than the main text.

視覚的連想

Visualize a giant pizza (the main issue) and one tiny grain of salt on the very edge of the crust. That grain is 'marginalny'.

Word Web

margines edge unimportant small side secondary limit threshold

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your room right now that are 'marginalne' to your life and describe them in Polish.

語源

Derived from the Latin 'marginalis', which comes from 'margo' (meaning edge, border, or margin). It entered Polish likely through French or directly from Latin during the Renaissance when academic terminology was being standardized.

元の意味： Pertaining to the margin of a page.

Indo-European (Latin branch).

文化的な背景

Be careful when calling people or groups 'marginalny', as it can sound dehumanizing or dismissive of their struggles.

Very similar to the English 'marginal', making it an easy bridge for learners.

Used in Polish translations of Karl Marx (marginal utility) Frequently appears in 'Gazeta Wyborcza' editorials Common in Polish sociology textbooks

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Politics

marginalna partia
marginalny elektorat
marginalne znaczenie w sejmie
marginalizacja opozycji

Business

marginalny zysk
marginalne koszty
marginalny udział w rynku
marginalna poprawa

Academia

marginalne uwagi
marginalny wątek
marginalne zjawisko
analiza marginalna

Daily Life

marginalny błąd
marginalna sprawa
marginalny szczegół
marginalne zainteresowanie

Sociology

grupy marginalne
marginalizacja społeczna
byt marginalny
marginalność kulturowa

会話のきっかけ

"Czy uważasz, że ten problem jest marginalny, czy kluczowy?"

"Jakie marginalne grupy społeczne potrzebują pomocy?"

"Czy marginalny wzrost cen wpłynie na twoje zakupy?"

"Jaka marginalna postać z filmu najbardziej ci się podobała?"

"Czy uważasz, że rola technologii w nauce języków jest marginalna?"

日記のテーマ

Opisz sytuację, w której marginalny błąd doprowadził do dużych problemów.

Czy czułeś się kiedyś marginalny w jakiejś grupie? Opisz to.

Jakie marginalne zjawisko w twoim kraju staje się coraz ważniejsze?

Dlaczego ludzie często ignorują marginalne sygnały ostrzegawcze?

Opisz marginalną postać z twojej ulubionej książki.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, but it's usually dismissive. 'On jest marginalnym politykiem' means he has no influence.

Yes, especially in statistics and economics (e.g., marginal utility).

'Margines' is the noun (margin), 'marginalny' is the adjective (marginal).

Usually neutral, but in social contexts, it often carries a negative connotation of exclusion.

You would say 'marginalnie lepszy'.

No, but it can describe a 'marginalny koszt' (a very low, insignificant cost).

Only in formal discussions or intellectual debates.

No, adjectives like this rarely have diminutives, though people might say 'marginalny problemik' for irony.

'Integracja' (integration) or 'włączenie' (inclusion).

Yes, 'marginalne przypadki' or 'przypadki brzegowe' are used.

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