このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A2 noun 11分で読める

pomidor

練習する例文メモとヒント pomidor 30秒で

解説 pomidor in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'pomidor' means tomato. You should be able to recognize it on a menu and ask for it at a store. You might say 'Poproszę pomidory' (Tomatoes, please) or 'Ile kosztuje pomidor?' (How much is a tomato?). The focus is on basic identification and shopping. You should also recognize it in the context of colors, as 'czerwony' (red) is the primary color associated with it. Learning this word early is helpful because tomatoes are a very common food item in Poland, and you will see them in almost every grocery store and on many breakfast plates. It's a simple, masculine noun that follows standard declension patterns for the most part, making it a good introductory word for learning about Polish noun cases.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'pomidor' in more varied sentences. You should understand the difference between 'pomidor' (nominative) and 'pomidora' (accusative/genitive). You can describe your likes and dislikes: 'Lubię pomidory' or 'Nie lubię soku pomidorowego'. You also start to learn about varieties, like 'pomidorki koktajlowe' (cherry tomatoes). You might use it in simple recipes or while describing a meal you had. Understanding that it is a masculine noun is important here, as you will need to match it with adjectives like 'czerwony pomidor' or 'duży pomidor'. You are also introduced to the diminutive 'pomidorek', which is frequently used in casual conversation.

At the B1 level, you can discuss the role of tomatoes in Polish culture and cuisine in more detail. You can explain how to make 'zupa pomidorowa' and use the related adjective 'pomidorowy' correctly in various contexts. You should be comfortable with all the cases for 'pomidor', including the plural genitive 'pomidorów'. You might participate in a discussion about healthy eating where tomatoes are mentioned as a source of vitamins. You should also be aware of the children's game 'Pomidor' and understand its basic rules, as this is a common cultural touchstone. Your ability to use the word in different grammatical roles should be fluid, allowing you to handle more complex social interactions involving food and shopping.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the B2 level, you can use 'pomidor' in idiomatic expressions and understand more subtle linguistic nuances. You might use the phrase 'czerwony jak pomidor' to describe someone's embarrassment. You can read and understand articles about agriculture or food science that mention tomatoes, such as the impact of greenhouse farming on the flavor of 'pomidory szklarniowe'. You are comfortable using the word in professional culinary contexts or when discussing gardening. You understand the 'animate' accusative usage ('jem pomidora') and use it naturally. You can also distinguish between various tomato-based products like 'koncentrat', 'przecier', and 'passata' and explain their different uses in cooking.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the word 'pomidor' and its place in the Polish language. You can discuss the history of the tomato in Poland and its evolution from an ornamental plant to a culinary staple. You can use the word in sophisticated metaphors or in technical discussions about plant pathology or culinary chemistry. You are aware of the subtle differences in meaning when using the word in different registers, from the very formal 'owoc pomidora' to the informal 'pomidorek'. You can follow complex culinary shows or read high-level food criticism where the quality and provenance of tomatoes are analyzed with great detail. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like mastery of 'pomidor'. You understand all regional variations in how the word might be used or how tomatoes might be prepared across Poland. You can engage in high-level debates about food policy, organic farming, or the cultural significance of traditional Polish dishes like 'pomidorowa'. You understand the word's role in literature and film, and you can play with the language, creating puns or using the word in creative, non-standard ways. You can explain the etymology of the word and its linguistic relationship to other Slavic and European languages. The word 'pomidor' is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced expression within the Polish cultural and linguistic framework.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

練習する例文メモとヒント

pomidor 30秒で

Pomidor is the Polish word for tomato, a masculine noun essential for daily life and traditional Polish cooking, especially soups and salads.
It is famous for the 'Pomidor' game where players must answer every question with this word without laughing, showing its cultural depth.
Grammatically, it often behaves like an animate noun in the accusative case (jem pomidora), a common feature of food items in Polish.
Poland produces many high-quality varieties, with the 'malinowy' (raspberry) tomato being a national favorite for its sweet and fleshy texture.

The word pomidor is the fundamental Polish term for the tomato, a botanical fruit that is culinarily treated as a vegetable. In Poland, the tomato is more than just a salad ingredient; it is a cultural staple that appears in daily meals, from breakfast to dinner. When you enter a Polish warzywniak (vegetable shop), you will find that the pomidor is a subject of great pride and specific preference. Poles distinguish between many varieties, such as the pomidor malinowy (raspberry tomato), known for its sweet, fleshy interior, or the pomidor koktajlowy (cherry tomato), used for snacks and decoration. The term is utilized in every social context, from a simple grocery list to complex culinary discussions. It is also the name of a popular children's game where the person being questioned must answer every question with the word pomidor without laughing. This game has cemented the word in the childhood memories of every Pole, making it a word associated with playfulness and stubbornness. In a culinary sense, the pomidor is the backbone of the Polish Monday tradition: zupa pomidorowa. This soup is traditionally made using the broth left over from Sunday's rosół (chicken soup), showcasing the practical and resourceful nature of Polish domestic life.

Culinary Identity: The pomidor is central to Polish cuisine, appearing in salads with sour cream (mizeria-style but with tomatoes) and as the base for the beloved tomato soup.
Linguistic Classification: It is a masculine inanimate noun, though in colloquial speech, it often takes the animate genitive ending '-a' in the accusative case (jem pomidora instead of jem pomidor).
Cultural Game: The game 'Pomidor' is a rite of passage for children, teaching them self-control and the absurdity of repetitive language.

Ten pomidor jest wyjątkowo słodki i soczysty.

Kup dwa kilogramy pomidorów na targowisku.

Nie lubię, gdy pomidor jest zbyt miękki.

Zróbmy sałatkę, bo ten pomidor zaraz się zepsuje.

Dzieci grają w pomidora na przerwie w szkole.

Beyond the plate, the pomidor symbolizes the transition of seasons. In late summer, Polish markets are flooded with deep red, irregularly shaped tomatoes that smell of the earth and sun. This is the peak time for canning and making homemade przecier pomidorowy (tomato puree). The word is also used figuratively; someone might be 'czerwony jak pomidor' (red as a tomato) when they are embarrassed or have spent too much time in the sun. Understanding the nuances of this word requires recognizing its presence in the garden, the kitchen, and the playground. It is a word that carries the warmth of Polish summers and the comfort of a warm bowl of soup on a rainy Monday afternoon.

Using the word pomidor correctly in Polish involves navigating the language's case system. Because it is a masculine noun, its endings change depending on its role in the sentence. For beginners, the most important forms are the nominative (the subject), the accusative (the direct object), and the genitive (used for negation or quantities). For example, if you are describing a tomato, you use the nominative: Ten pomidor jest duży. If you are buying one, you use the accusative: Poproszę tego pomidora. Notice how the ending changes from '-or' to '-ora' in the accusative; while technically an inanimate noun, food items like tomatoes often adopt the animate ending in casual speech. This is a subtle nuance that marks a fluent speaker. When you have none, you use the genitive: Nie mam pomidora. In the plural, the word becomes pomidory for the nominative and pomidorów for the genitive (e.g., dużo pomidorów).

Singular Forms: Nominative: pomidor | Genitive: pomidora | Accusative: pomidor / pomidora.
Plural Forms: Nominative: pomidory | Genitive: pomidorów | Dative: pomidorom.
Adjectival Form: The adjective pomidorowy (tomato-related) is essential for dishes like zupa pomidorowa or sos pomidorowy.

Czy możesz pokroić ten pomidor na plastry?

W sałatce brakuje tylko pomidora.

Mój dziadek hoduje najlepsze pomidory w okolicy.

Kupiłam kilogram dojrzałych pomidorów.

Ten sos jest zrobiony ze świeżych pomidorów.

In more complex sentences, the pomidor can be the recipient of various actions. You can parzyć (scald) a tomato to remove its skin, drążyć (hollow out) a tomato to stuff it with cheese, or smażyć (fry) it for a breakfast shakshuka. In the kitchen, precision matters: pokroić w kostkę (dice) or pokroić w plastry (slice). If you are at a restaurant and want to ask for a burger without tomatoes, you would say: Poproszę burgera bez pomidora. The preposition 'bez' (without) always requires the genitive case. Mastering these variations allows you to navigate everything from a simple grocery trip to a high-end dining experience in Poland.

The word pomidor echoes through various layers of Polish life. One of the most common places is the local targowisko (open-air market). Here, vendors shout about the quality of their produce: Świeże pomidory prosto z krzaka! (Fresh tomatoes straight from the bush!). You will hear customers asking specifically for pomidory na wagę (tomatoes by weight) or debating which variety is best for a specific soup. In Polish households, the word is heard every morning during breakfast preparation, as sliced tomatoes with salt and pepper are a standard accompaniment to bread and ham. On Mondays, the word is ubiquitous in schools and offices as people discuss what was for lunch—almost inevitably pomidorowa. The word also appears in the media, especially in health segments or gardening shows where experts discuss the benefits of lycopene or the best way to fight tomato blight (zaraza ziemniaczana na pomidorach).

At the Market: 'Po ile te pomidory?' (How much are these tomatoes?) is a standard inquiry for shoppers.
In the Kitchen: 'Podaj mi pomidora z lodówki' (Pass me a tomato from the fridge) is a common domestic command.
Pop Culture: The game 'Pomidor' is often referenced in interviews when a celebrity wants to avoid an uncomfortable question by jokingly saying 'Pomidor!'.

Na targu pani zachwalała te pomidory jako najsłodsze.

W telewizji mówili, że pomidor to tak naprawdę owoc.

Mama zawsze dodaje pomidora do kanapek do szkoły.

Słyszałeś? On na każde pytanie odpowiadał pomidor.

Restauracja serwuje carpaccio z pomidora z mozzarellą.

Another interesting context is the world of fitness and health. In Poland, the 'tomato diet' or simply the inclusion of tomatoes in every meal is highly promoted because of their low calorie count and high potassium content. You will hear personal trainers and dieticians frequently mention pomidory as a 'superfood'. Furthermore, in the arts, the tomato has made its way into Polish music and poetry, often as a symbol of the simplicity of rural life or the vibrant colors of summer. Whether you are at a high-end bistro in Warsaw or a small garden in Podlasie, the word pomidor is a constant, reliable presence in the Polish linguistic landscape.

For English speakers learning Polish, the word pomidor presents a few specific challenges, primarily related to grammatical case and gender. One common mistake is treating it as a feminine noun because it ends in a vowel in many other languages (like 'la tomate' in French or 'tomate' in Spanish). In Polish, however, it is strictly masculine. Another frequent error involves the accusative case. While textbooks might teach that inanimate masculine nouns don't change in the accusative (widzę dom - I see a house), food items are an exception. Many learners say Jem pomidor, which sounds slightly robotic. A native speaker will almost always say Jem pomidora. This 'animate' treatment of food extends to many fruits and vegetables, and mastering it will make your Polish sound significantly more natural.

The 'Animate' Accusative: Don't just say 'Kupuję pomidor'. Use 'Kupuję pomidora'. It follows the pattern of animate nouns (like 'widzę psa').
Plural Genitive Confusion: Learners often struggle with 'dużo pomidorów'. The '-ów' ending is crucial for masculine plural genitive, but some mistakenly use '-y'.
Adjective Agreement: When describing tomato soup, remember it's 'zupa pomidorowa' (feminine), not 'zupa pomidorowy'. The adjective must match 'zupa'.

Błąd: Chcę ten pomidor. Poprawnie: Chcę tego pomidora.

Błąd: Nie ma pomidory. Poprawnie: Nie ma pomidora.

Błąd: To jest sos pomidorowa. Poprawnie: To jest sos pomidorowy.

Błąd: Mam pięć pomidory. Poprawnie: Mam pięć pomidorów.

Błąd: Lubię pomidorowy zupę. Poprawnie: Lubię pomidorową zupę.

Furthermore, learners often confuse pomidor with its processed forms. If you are looking for tomato paste, don't ask for 'pasta pomidorowa' (which might be understood as a pasta dish with tomatoes), but rather koncentrat pomidorowy. If you want tomato juice, it's sok pomidorowy. Another nuance is the use of the word in the context of the game mentioned earlier. If someone says 'Pomidor!' to you in a conversation, they aren't offering you a snack; they are playfully refusing to answer your question. Mistaking this for a literal offer of food can lead to comical misunderstandings. Finally, pay attention to the plural genitive 'pomidorów'—the 'ó' changes the sound and is essential for correct grammar after numbers like 5, 6, 10, etc.

While pomidor is the specific name for the fruit, there are several related words and alternatives that a learner should know to navigate Polish culinary and botanical discussions. For instance, when discussing general vegetables, the word warzywo is used. If you are specifically talking about the varieties of tomatoes, you might encounter pomidory koktajlowe (cherry tomatoes), pomidory rzymskie (plum/Roma tomatoes), or the prized pomidory malinowe (raspberry tomatoes). In terms of processed versions, przecier (puree), koncentrat (paste), and passata are all distinct products found in Polish pantries. Knowing these distinctions is vital for following Polish recipes accurately.

Pomidor vs. Przecier: Pomidor is the whole fruit; przecier is the smooth, cooked-down puree often used as a base for soups.
Pomidor vs. Papryka: While both are red vegetables (botanically fruits), papryka (pepper) has a different crunch and flavor profile, though they are often used together in leczo.
Synonyms in Context: There are no direct synonyms for the word itself, but owoc pomidora (the fruit of the tomato) is used in botanical contexts.

Zamiast świeżych pomidorów, możesz użyć tych z puszki.

Wolisz pomidory malinowe czy zwykłe?

Ten koncentrat jest bardzo gęsty i aromatyczny.

Do tej potrawy pasuje zarówno pomidor, jak i papryka.

Czy te pomidorki koktajlowe są słodkie?

Comparing pomidor to other staples, it is often paired with ogórek (cucumber) in salads, though traditional Polish food wisdom suggests they shouldn't be mixed because the enzyme in cucumbers destroys the vitamin C in tomatoes. This is a common topic of conversation at Polish dinner tables. Another alternative in terms of color and use in sauces is dynia (pumpkin), especially in autumn. However, nothing quite replaces the specific acidity and sweetness of a ripe pomidor. Whether you are making a simple sandwich or a complex stew like bigos (where tomato paste is often added), understanding the role of the pomidor and its linguistic cousins will greatly enhance your Polish vocabulary and cultural competence.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Although the word comes from Italian, tomatoes actually originated in the Americas. In many other Slavic languages, the word is similar (e.g., Russian 'pomidor'), while some use 'rajčica' (Croatian), relating it to 'paradise'.

発音ガイド

UK /pɔˈmi.dɔr/

US /pɔˈmi.dɔr/

Penultimate syllable (po-MI-dor).

韻が合う語

monitor korytarz (near rhyme) horror humor telewizor traktor doktor opornik (near rhyme)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'o' as a diphthong (like 'oh').
Making the 'i' sound too much like 'y' (/ɨ/).
Failing to roll the 'r' at the end.
Stressing the first or last syllable.
Pronouncing the 'd' as an alveolar (English style) instead of dental (against the teeth).

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize; similar to other European languages.

ライティング 2/5

Simple spelling, but watch the 'o' and 'i' placement.

スピーキング 2/5

Requires a rolled 'r' and pure vowels.

リスニング 1/5

Clear, distinct syllables make it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

czerwony jeść warzywo sklep kupować

次に学ぶ

ogórek cebula sałatka zupa gotować

上級

likopen szklarnia sadzonka nawożenie zaraza

知っておくべき文法

Masculine Inanimate Noun Declension

Ten pomidor (Nom), tego pomidora (Gen).

Animate Accusative for Food

Jem pomidora (instead of 'jem pomidor').

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Czerwony pomidor, czerwona papryka.

Genitive after Negation

Nie lubię pomidorów.

Genitive after Numbers (5+)

Pięć pomidorów.

無料登録して完全な解説を読む

レベル別の例文

To jest czerwony pomidor.

This is a red tomato.

Nominative singular masculine.

Czy lubisz pomidory?

Do you like tomatoes?

Nominative plural.

Poproszę jeden pomidor.

One tomato, please.

Accusative singular (standard).

Pomidor jest na stole.

The tomato is on the table.

Nominative singular.

Gdzie jest mój pomidor?

Where is my tomato?

Nominative singular with possessive.

To są świeże pomidory.

These are fresh tomatoes.

Nominative plural with adjective.

Jem pomidora.

I am eating a tomato.

Accusative singular (animate form).

Pomidor jest smaczny.

The tomato is tasty.

Nominative singular with adjective.

Kupuję kilogram pomidorów.

I am buying a kilogram of tomatoes.

Genitive plural after a unit of measure.

Nie mam pomidora w lodówce.

I don't have a tomato in the fridge.

Genitive singular used for negation.

Chcę sałatkę bez pomidora.

I want a salad without tomato.

Genitive singular after 'bez'.

Te pomidorki koktajlowe są bardzo słodkie.

These cherry tomatoes are very sweet.

Nominative plural diminutive.

Czy możesz umyć te pomidory?

Can you wash these tomatoes?

Accusative plural.

Zróbmy zupę z tych pomidorów.

Let's make soup from these tomatoes.

Genitive plural after 'z'.

Mój brat nie lubi pomidorów.

My brother doesn't like tomatoes.

Genitive plural for negation.

Ten pomidor jest za miękki.

This tomato is too soft.

Nominative singular with adverb.

Zupa pomidorowa to klasyk polskiej kuchni.

Tomato soup is a classic of Polish cuisine.

Adjectival form 'pomidorowa' matching feminine 'zupa'.

Dodałam pokrojonego pomidora do kanapki.

I added a sliced tomato to the sandwich.

Genitive singular as a direct object (colloquial animate).

W ogrodzie rośnie mnóstwo pomidorów.

Plenty of tomatoes are growing in the garden.

Genitive plural after 'mnóstwo'.

Suszone pomidory w oliwie smakują wyśmienicie.

Sun-dried tomatoes in olive oil taste delicious.

Nominative plural with past participle adjective.

Piję sok pomidorowy codziennie rano.

I drink tomato juice every morning.

Accusative singular masculine adjective-noun phrase.

Dzieci bawią się w pomidora na podwórku.

The children are playing 'Pomidor' in the yard.

Accusative singular (game name).

Zawsze obieram pomidora ze skórki przed jedzeniem.

I always peel the tomato skin before eating.

Accusative singular (animate form).

Mamy nadmiar pomidorów w tym roku.

We have an excess of tomatoes this year.

Genitive plural after 'nadmiar'.

Gdy to usłyszał, zrobił się czerwony jak pomidor.

When he heard that, he turned red as a tomato.

Simile using 'jak'.

Ten sos pomidorowy ma idealną konsystencję.

This tomato sauce has the perfect consistency.

Nominative singular phrase.

Pomidory malinowe są znacznie droższe od zwykłych.

Raspberry tomatoes are significantly more expensive than regular ones.

Nominative plural with comparative.

Wybieraj tylko te pomidory, które mają intensywny zapach.

Choose only those tomatoes that have an intense smell.

Accusative plural with relative clause.

Koncentrat pomidorowy jest niezbędny do bigosu.

Tomato paste is essential for bigos.

Nominative singular masculine.

Zaleca się parzenie pomidorów przed robieniem przecieru.

It is recommended to scald tomatoes before making puree.

Genitive plural after a gerund.

Uprawa pomidorów w szklarni wymaga dużo pracy.

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse requires a lot of work.

Genitive plural after a verbal noun.

Nie kupuj tych pomidorów, wyglądają na niedojrzałe.

Don't buy those tomatoes; they look unripe.

Genitive plural after negation.

Degustacja różnych odmian pomidorów była fascynująca.

The tasting of different tomato varieties was fascinating.

Genitive plural after 'odmian'.

Pomidor stał się kluczowym elementem diety śródziemnomorskiej.

The tomato has become a key element of the Mediterranean diet.

Nominative singular as a subject.

Zjawisko 'pomidora' w polskiej polityce jest często komentowane.

The 'tomato' phenomenon in Polish politics is often commented upon.

Genitive singular (metaphorical use).

Właściwości antyoksydacyjne pomidora są powszechnie znane.

The antioxidant properties of the tomato are widely known.

Genitive singular.

Rolnicy narzekają na niskie ceny skupu pomidorów.

Farmers complain about the low purchase prices of tomatoes.

Genitive plural.

Ten przepis wymaga usunięcia gniazd nasiennych z pomidora.

This recipe requires removing the seed pockets from the tomato.

Genitive singular.

Krytyk kulinarny zachwycał się aromatem polskiego pomidora.

The food critic raved about the aroma of the Polish tomato.

Genitive singular.

Zupa była zbyt kwaśna, więc dodałem cukru, by zrównoważyć smak pomidorów.

The soup was too sour, so I added sugar to balance the taste of the tomatoes.

Genitive plural.

Ontologiczny status pomidora jako owocu budzi nieustanne spory.

The ontological status of the tomato as a fruit sparks constant disputes.

Genitive singular in a formal context.

W tej powieści pomidor symbolizuje utraconą niewinność dzieciństwa.

In this novel, the tomato symbolizes the lost innocence of childhood.

Nominative singular as a symbol.

Skomplikowana sieć dystrybucji pomidorów wpływa na ich ostateczną cenę.

The complex distribution network of tomatoes affects their final price.

Genitive plural.

Analiza genomu pomidora pozwoliła na wyhodowanie bardziej odpornych gatunków.

The analysis of the tomato genome allowed for the breeding of more resistant species.

Genitive singular.

W dyskursie publicznym termin 'pomidor' bywa używany jako unik przed odpowiedzią.

In public discourse, the term 'pomidor' is sometimes used as an evasion of an answer.

Nominative singular in quotes.

Malarz martwej natury z niezwykłą precyzją oddał teksturę dojrzałego pomidora.

The still-life painter captured the texture of a ripe tomato with extraordinary precision.

Genitive singular.

Nadprodukcja pomidorów doprowadziła do kryzysu na lokalnym rynku.

Overproduction of tomatoes led to a crisis in the local market.

Genitive plural.

Subtelna nuta pomidora w tym winie jest wynikiem specyficznego terroir.

The subtle hint of tomato in this wine is the result of a specific terroir.

Genitive singular.

よく使う組み合わせ

świeży pomidor

dojrzały pomidor

kroić pomidora

sadzić pomidory

zupa pomidorowa

sos pomidorowy

sok pomidorowy

koncentrat pomidorowy

pomidory suszone

sałatka z pomidorów

よく使うフレーズ

pomidory na wagę

— Tomatoes sold by weight rather than by the piece or package.

W tym sklepie pomidory na wagę są tańsze.

pomidory na gałązce

— Vine-ripened tomatoes still attached to the stem.

Wolę kupować pomidory na gałązce, bo dłużej są świeże.

pomidory w puszce

— Canned tomatoes, often used for sauces when fresh ones aren't in season.

Zawsze mam w szafce pomidory w puszce.

przecier pomidorowy

— Tomato puree, a standard base for Polish soups.

Kup dobry przecier pomidorowy na zupę.

ketchup pomidorowy

— Standard tomato ketchup.

Dzieci jedzą wszystko z ketchupem pomidorowym.

pomidor malinowy

— A specific sweet, pinkish variety of tomato very popular in Poland.

Pomidor malinowy to król polskich targowisk.

pomidory gruntowe

— Tomatoes grown in the ground (outdoors) rather than in a greenhouse.

Pomidory gruntowe pojawiają się dopiero w sierpniu.

plastry pomidora

— Slices of tomato.

Połóż dwa plastry pomidora na serze.

ćwiartki pomidora

— Tomato quarters.

Pokrój pomidora w ćwiartki do sałatki.

miąższ pomidora

— The flesh/pulp of the tomato.

Usuń miąższ pomidora przed faszerowaniem.

よく混同される語

pomidor vs pomidorówka

This specifically means tomato soup, not the tomato itself.

pomidor vs koncentrat

Tomato paste, often confused by learners who just ask for 'pomidor'.

pomidor vs papryka

Both are red and roundish, but they are different vegetables.

慣用句と表現

"czerwony jak pomidor"

— To be very red in the face, usually from embarrassment, anger, or sun exposure.

Spaliłem się na słońcu i jestem czerwony jak pomidor.

informal

"grać w pomidora"

— To play a game of 'Pomidor', or figuratively, to avoid giving a straight answer.

Przestań grać w pomidora i odpowiedz na pytanie.

informal

"mieć pomidora na twarzy"

— Similar to 'czerwony jak pomidor', specifically referring to blushing.

Gdy go zobaczyła, od razu miała pomidora na twarzy.

informal

"wyglądać jak pomidor"

— To look round and red, often said of someone wearing a lot of red clothing.

W tej czerwonej kurtce wyglądasz jak pomidor.

informal

"sezon ogórkowy i pomidorowy"

— Refers to the 'silly season' in journalism when there is little news, usually summer.

W mediach zaczął się sezon pomidorowy.

journalistic

"rzucać pomidorami"

— To express strong disapproval or boo someone (from the old tradition of throwing rotten tomatoes).

Publiczność chciała rzucać pomidorami w aktora.

informal

"pomidorowa niedziela"

— Rarely used, but can refer to a lazy summer Sunday spent in the garden.

To była prawdziwa pomidorowa niedziela.

literary

"być w pomidorach"

— Colloquial way of saying someone is in the middle of a tomato patch/garden.

Mama jest teraz w pomidorach, zaraz wróci.

informal

"zupa z wczorajszego pomidora"

— A joke about making tomato soup from leftovers.

U nas w poniedziałek zawsze jest zupa z wczorajszego pomidora.

humorous

"mieć głowę jak pomidor"

— To have a headache or feel 'heated' in the head.

Od tego hałasu mam głowę jak pomidor.

slang

間違えやすい

pomidor vs przecier

Both are tomato products.

Pomidor is the fruit; przecier is the cooked puree.

Kup pomidory i przecier.

pomidor vs ogórek

Often paired together.

One is red (pomidor), one is green (ogórek).

Sałatka z pomidora i ogórka.

pomidor vs pasta

English 'tomato paste' vs Polish 'pasta'.

In Polish, 'pasta' usually means a spread or noodles, not tomato paste.

Pasta pomidorowa to danie z makaronem.

pomidor vs ketchup

Both are red sauces.

Ketchup is a specific condiment; pomidor is the source.

Ketchup robi się z pomidorów.

pomidor vs dynia

Both can be large and round.

Dynia is orange and used differently in cooking.

Zupa z dyni nie jest jak pomidorowa.

文型パターン

To jest [przymiotnik] pomidor.

To jest duży pomidor.

Nie mam [rzeczownik w dopełniaczu].

Nie mam pomidora.

Poproszę [liczba] [rzeczownik w dopełniaczu].

Poproszę dwa pomidory.

Lubię [rzeczownik] z [rzeczownikiem w narzędniku].

Lubię kanapki z pomidorem.

Zróbmy [rzeczownik] z [rzeczownika w dopełniaczu].

Zróbmy sos z pomidora.

On jest czerwony jak [rzeczownik].

On jest czerwony jak pomidor.

Właściwości [rzeczownika w dopełniaczu] są [przymiotnik].

Właściwości pomidora są zdumiewające.

[Rzeczownik] symbolizuje [pojęcie].

Pomidor symbolizuje lato.

語族

名詞

pomidorek (diminutive)

pomidorówka (colloquial for tomato soup)

pomidorownia (greenhouse for tomatoes)

動詞

pomidorować (slang: to use tomatoes or play the game)

形容詞

pomidorowy (tomato-related)

pomidorkowy (related to cherry tomatoes)

使い方

frequency

Extremely high in daily life.

よくある間違い

Ta pomidor → Ten pomidor
Learners often think it's feminine, but it's masculine.
Jem pomidor → Jem pomidora
Native speakers use the animate accusative for food.
Pięć pomidory → Pięć pomidorów
Numbers 5 and above require the genitive plural.
Zupa pomidorowy → Zupa pomidorowa
The adjective must match the feminine noun 'zupa'.
Bez pomidory → Bez pomidora
'Bez' requires the genitive singular case.

ヒント

Animate vs Inanimate

Treat 'pomidor' like a person in the accusative case (ending in -a) when you are eating or buying it.

Market Etiquette

When at a Polish market, ask for 'malinowe' tomatoes if you want the best taste.

Diminutives

Use 'pomidorek' when talking about small tomatoes or to sound more friendly in a kitchen setting.

The Skin Secret

To peel a 'pomidor' easily, cut a cross on the bottom and soak it in boiling water for 30 seconds.

Pure Vowels

Make sure the 'o' in 'pomidor' doesn't sound like 'ow'. It's a short, rounded vowel.

Blushing

Use 'czerwony jak pomidor' to describe someone who is very embarrassed.

On the Vine

Look for 'pomidory na gałązce' for better aroma and freshness in supermarkets.

Health Tip

Cooked tomatoes (like in soup) actually provide more lycopene than raw ones.

The Game

The 'Pomidor' game is a great way to practice saying the word repeatedly with different intonations.

Case Check

After the word 'dużo' (a lot), always use 'pomidorów'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a **PO**lish **MI**nister eating a **DOR**king (a type of chicken) with a giant **TOMATO**. PO-MI-DOR.

視覚的連想

Visualize a bright red, round tomato wearing a small Polish flag. The roundness of the 'o' in 'pomidor' matches the shape of the fruit.

Word Web

czerwony zupa sałatka ogród ketchup nasiona soczysty warzywniak

チャレンジ

Go to a local market and try to identify three different types of 'pomidor' and ask the price for one kilogram of each.

語源

Derived from the Italian 'pomo d'oro', which literally means 'golden apple'. This reflects the fact that the first tomatoes introduced to Europe were likely yellow varieties.

元の意味： Golden apple.

Indo-European -> Italic -> Romance (loanword in Slavic).

文化的な背景

None; it is a neutral, everyday object.

While English speakers often debate if it's a fruit or vegetable, Poles generally accept it as a 'warzywo' in every practical sense.

The song 'Pomidor' by Maria Konopnicka (a classic children's poem). The 'Pomidor' game in various Polish films. Traditional recipes in 'Kuchnia Polska'.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Grocery Shopping

Poproszę kilogram pomidorów.
Czy te pomidory są słodkie?
Ile za te pomidorki?
Chcę tylko dwa pomidory.

Cooking

Pokrój pomidora w kostkę.
Obierz pomidory ze skóry.
Dodaj przecier pomidorowy.
Zróbmy zupę pomidorową.

Gardening

Muszę podlać pomidory.
Pomidory już dojrzewają.
Kiedy sadzimy pomidory?
To są pomidory gruntowe.

Dining Out

Czy w tej sałatce jest pomidor?
Poproszę burgera bez pomidora.
Czy macie sok pomidorowy?
Polecam zupę pomidorową.

Socializing/Games

Zagrajmy w pomidora!
Nie mów 'pomidor'!
On znowu gra w pomidora.
Czerwony jak pomidor!

会話のきっかけ

"Jaka jest twoja ulubiona odmiana pomidorów?"

"Czy wolisz zupę pomidorową z ryżem czy z makaronem?"

"Czy kiedykolwiek hodowałeś własne pomidory w ogrodzie?"

"Co sądzisz o soku pomidorowym? Lubisz go czy nie?"

"Jakie są najlepsze pomidory do zrobienia domowego sosu?"

日記のテーマ

Opisz swój idealny letni posiłek z wykorzystaniem świeżych pomidorów.

Napisz o wspomnieniu z dzieciństwa związanym z grą w pomidora.

Czy uważasz, że pomidory ze sklepu smakują inaczej niż te z ogrodu? Dlaczego?

Opisz proces przygotowania twojej ulubionej zupy pomidorowej.

Wyobraź sobie, że jesteś rolnikiem hodującym pomidory. Jak wygląda twój dzień?

よくある質問

10 問

It is masculine. You say 'ten pomidor' (this tomato) and 'czerwony pomidor' (red tomato).

While 'jem pomidor' is grammatically correct for an inanimate object, 'jem pomidora' is much more common and natural for native speakers.

It is a traditional Polish tomato soup, often served with rice or pasta and cream.

You say 'pomidor koktajlowy' or 'pomidorek koktajlowy'.

They are likely playing a joke or refusing to answer a question, referencing a popular children's game.

It is a 'raspberry tomato', a large, sweet, and fleshy variety highly prized in Poland.

The nominative plural is 'pomidory', and the genitive plural (for quantities) is 'pomidorów'.

Traditionally, it was made using the leftover chicken broth (rosół) from Sunday dinner.

Not directly, but 'czerwony jak pomidor' can be used to tease someone who is blushing.

It is spelled 'pomidorek'.

無料登録してヒントとメモを見る