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A1 verb #1,800 よく出る 8分で読める

descansar

上位1,800

At the A1 level, 'descansar' is a vital vocabulary word for describing daily routines and basic needs. Learners focus on the present tense ('eu descanso', 'você descansa') and the immediate future ('vou descansar'). The context is usually physical: resting after school, work, or a walk. It is one of the first verbs learned to express personal well-being. At this stage, the distinction between 'descansar' and 'dormir' is introduced to ensure students don't say they are 'resting' when they mean they are going to sleep for the night. Simple sentences like 'Eu descanso no sábado' are typical.

At A2, learners expand into the past tenses (Pretérito Perfeito and Imperfeito). They use 'descansar' to describe past vacations or how they spent their weekend. They begin to use the word in the context of health, such as following a doctor's advice. The concept of 'descansar a vista' (resting the eyes) or 'descansar um pouco' (resting a bit) becomes common. Learners also start to recognize the noun 'descanso' and how it pairs with the verb. They can handle slightly more complex structures like 'Eu precisava descansar porque trabalhei muito'.

By B1, the usage becomes more nuanced, including the mental and emotional aspects of resting. Learners use 'descansar' to talk about stress management and work-life balance. They can use the subjunctive mood ('Espero que você descanse') to express wishes for others. The transitive use of the verb (resting specific body parts or letting food rest) is mastered. B1 learners also start to encounter the word in more varied media, such as news reports about athletes resting before a game or culinary shows discussing dough preparation.

At the B2 level, 'descansar' is used in abstract and metaphorical ways. A student might talk about letting a 'tema' (theme) or 'assunto' (subject) rest before revisiting it. They understand the idiomatic 'ficar descansado' (to be at ease/not worry). The verb is used in professional contexts to discuss 'períodos de descanso' (rest periods) in labor law. B2 learners are comfortable with all tenses, including the conditional ('Eu descansaria se pudesse'), and can distinguish between 'descansar' and more formal synonyms like 'repousar' in different registers.

C1 learners use 'descansar' with stylistic flair. They might use it in literary analysis or complex social discussions. They understand the philosophical implications of 'rest' in Portuguese literature (like in the works of Fernando Pessoa). They are familiar with rare or regional uses and can use the verb to describe the 'resting' of a legal case or the 'resting' of a soul in a theological discussion. They can navigate the subtle differences between 'descansar', 'folgar', and 'resfolegar' in high-level writing and formal speeches.

At C2, the learner has a native-like grasp of 'descansar'. They can use it in highly specialized fields, such as technical culinary arts, advanced medical terminology, or legal statutes regarding mandatory rest. They appreciate the word's etymology and its evolution in the Portuguese language. They can use it ironically or with deep emotional resonance in creative writing. The C2 speaker knows exactly when 'descansar' is the only word that fits and when a synonym would change the entire tone of the sentence.

練習する例文メモとヒント

descansar 30秒で

Descansar is a regular -ar verb meaning 'to rest' or 'to take a break' from physical or mental effort.
It is used for people, animals, and even inanimate objects like cooking dough or legal cases.
Commonly paired with 'um pouco' (a bit) or 'de' (from) to specify what you are resting from.
Essential for daily conversation, medical advice, and describing leisure activities across all CEFR levels.

The Portuguese verb descansar is a cornerstone of daily life, representing the vital act of pausing physical or mental exertion to replenish one's strength. At its core, it translates to 'to rest,' but its semantic range covers everything from a quick five-minute breather to the eternal rest of the deceased. In a culture that values both hard work and the 'dolce far niente' (the sweetness of doing nothing), understanding descansar is essential for navigating social and professional environments in Lusophone countries.

Physical Recovery: The most common usage refers to stopping physical labor. After a long day of hiking or working in the fields, one needs to sit down and let the muscles recover. It is the cessation of movement to prevent fatigue.

Depois de correr dez quilômetros, eu preciso descansar um pouco antes de tomar banho.

Mental Repose: In the modern era, descansar frequently applies to the mind. 'Descansar a cabeça' or 'descansar a mente' implies stepping away from stressors, screens, or complex problems to find clarity and peace.

O médico disse que ela deve descansar a vista e evitar o computador.

Beyond the human element, the word is used for objects and processes. For instance, in culinary contexts, dough must 'descansar' (rise/rest) before being baked. In a metaphorical sense, a topic might 'descansar' if it is no longer being debated. The depth of this verb lies in its universality; it is the antidote to the 'cansado' (tired) state that defines much of human experience.

Deixe a massa descansar por trinta minutos para que o glúten relaxe.

The Eternal Rest: In religious or formal contexts, 'descansar em paz' (rest in peace) is the standard euphemism for death, mirroring the English equivalent but carrying a deep Catholic cultural resonance in many Portuguese-speaking regions.

Que ele descanse em paz após uma vida tão longa e produtiva.

Vou descansar um pouco no sofá enquanto o café fica pronto.

Using descansar correctly requires an understanding of its conjugation as a regular '-ar' verb and its syntactic flexibility. It can function as an intransitive verb (standing alone) or a transitive verb (taking an object, usually a body part or a concept).

Intransitive Usage: When you simply want to say 'I am resting,' use the verb alone. Example: 'Eu estou descansando.' This is the most common way to express that you are taking a break.

Não me ligue agora, pois eu vou descansar.

Transitive Usage (Body Parts): You can 'rest' specific parts of your body. 'Descansar as pernas' (rest the legs) or 'descansar os olhos' (rest the eyes). This is often used when one part of the body is more fatigued than the rest.

Sente-se aqui e descanse os pés por um momento.

The verb also appears in the reflexive form descansar-se, though this is much less common and often considered archaic or highly literary. In modern speech, the simple form is preferred. Another important aspect is the preposition 'de'. You rest *from* something: 'descansar de uma longa viagem' (to rest from a long trip).

Finalmente posso descansar de toda essa preocupação.

Tense Nuances: The Pretérito Perfeito ('descansei') implies a completed rest, while the Imperfeito ('descansava') implies a habit or an ongoing state in the past. 'Eu descansava todos os domingos' (I used to rest every Sunday).

Ontem eu descansei o dia inteiro porque estava exausto.

Você precisa descansar para estar bem na reunião de amanhã.

The word descansar echoes through various layers of Portuguese-speaking society, from the clinical setting of a hospital to the relaxed atmosphere of a beach holiday. Its presence is a reminder of the human need for balance.

At the Doctor's Office: Medical professionals frequently prescribe 'repouso' (rest), but they will use the verb 'descansar' when giving advice. 'Você precisa descansar mais' is a common refrain for patients suffering from stress or recovering from illness.

O médico recomendou que eu descansasse por pelo menos três dias.

In the Workplace: During lunch breaks or after a major project, colleagues might ask each other, 'Conseguiu descansar no fim de semana?' (Did you manage to rest over the weekend?). It serves as a social lubricant to discuss work-life balance.

Aproveite o feriado para descansar e recarregar as energias.

In travel and tourism, marketing materials often promise places where you can 'descansar e relaxar.' Hotels, spas, and rural retreats use the word to evoke a sense of tranquility. It's also common in sports, where 'descansar os titulares' means to bench the starting players to keep them fresh for a future game.

O treinador decidiu descansar os principais jogadores nesta partida.

Family and Home: Parents often tell children to 'descansar um pouco' after playing. It's also a polite way to end a conversation at night: 'Vou deixar você descansar' (I'll let you rest/I'll stop bothering you).

Boa noite, pai. Vá descansar que o dia foi longo.

Não consigo descansar com tanto barulho na rua.

Even though descansar seems straightforward, learners often stumble over its relationship with other verbs of repose or its specific prepositional requirements.

Descansar vs. Dormir: The most frequent error is using 'descansar' when 'dormir' (to sleep) is intended. While sleeping is a form of resting, 'descansar' does not necessarily imply unconsciousness. If you say 'Eu descansei por 8 horas,' it sounds like you were just lying down, not necessarily sleeping.

Errado: Eu preciso descansar agora (when you mean you are going to bed to sleep).

Preposition Pitfalls: Learners often forget the preposition 'de' when resting from an activity. It's not 'descansar o trabalho,' but 'descansar do trabalho.' Without the 'de,' it might sound like you are giving the work itself a break.

Correto: Quero descansar da rotina estressante da cidade.

Another mistake involves the reflexive usage. In Spanish, 'descansar' is never reflexive, but in some Portuguese dialects, learners might try to say 'me descansar,' which is generally incorrect in standard modern Portuguese. Stick to the non-reflexive form unless you are writing high-level poetry.

Evite: Eu me descansei no sofá (Just use 'Eu descansei').

Confusion with 'Ficar': Sometimes learners use 'ficar' (to stay/be) with 'descansado' (the adjective) incorrectly. 'Ficar descansado' actually means 'to be relieved' or 'to stop worrying,' not necessarily to physically rest.

Pode ficar descansado, eu cuidarei de tudo (Don't worry, I'll handle it).

Eu preciso de um descanso (noun) vs. Eu preciso descansar (verb).

Portuguese offers a rich palette of words related to the concept of rest. Choosing the right one depends on the intensity and the context of the repose.

Repousar: More formal than 'descansar.' It is often used in medical contexts (repouso absoluto) or in literature. It implies a deeper, more still state of rest.

O paciente deve repousar em um ambiente silencioso.

Relaxar: Focuses on the release of tension. You might 'descansar' because you are tired, but you 'relaxar' because you are stressed. It often involves leisure activities like watching a movie or going to a spa.

Gosto de relaxar ouvindo música clássica.

Other related terms include 'folgar' (to be off work), 'resfolegar' (to catch one's breath after intense effort), and 'cochilar' (to nap). 'Folgar' is specific to employment, while 'resfolegar' is very physical, often used after running or heavy lifting.

Amanhã eu folgo, então podemos ir ao cinema.

Pausar: A more modern, often technical term meaning to stop an action temporarily. Used for videos, music, or work processes.

Vamos pausar o projeto por uma semana.

Estou me sentindo muito mais descansado hoje.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

カジュアル

スラング

難易度

知っておくべき文法

レベル別の例文

Eu descanso no sofá.

I rest on the sofa.

Present tense, 1st person singular.

Você quer descansar?

Do you want to rest?

Interrogative with 'querer'.

Nós descansamos aos domingos.

We rest on Sundays.

Present tense, 1st person plural.

Vou descansar agora.

I'm going to rest now.

Immediate future 'ir + infinitive'.

O bebê descansa no berço.

The baby rests in the crib.

3rd person singular.

Eles não descansam muito.

They don't rest much.

Negative sentence.

É bom descansar aqui.

It's good to rest here.

Impersonal expression with infinitive.

Por favor, descanse.

Please, rest.

Imperative mood (formal).

Ontem eu descansei o dia todo.

Yesterday I rested all day.

Pretérito Perfeito.

Nós descansávamos na praia todos os verões.

We used to rest on the beach every summer.

Pretérito Imperfeito (habitual past).

Você precisa descansar os olhos.

You need to rest your eyes.

Transitive use with body part.

Ela descansou depois da caminhada.

She rested after the walk.

Preposition 'depois de'.

Eles descansaram bem no hotel.

They rested well at the hotel.

Adverb 'bem'.

Não pude descansar por causa do barulho.

I couldn't rest because of the noise.

Compound verb 'poder + infinitive'.

Vamos descansar um pouco antes de sair.

Let's rest a bit before going out.

Adverbial phrase 'um pouco'.

O médico disse para ele descansar.

The doctor told him to rest.

Indirect speech.

Espero que você descanse bastante nas férias.

I hope you rest a lot on your vacation.

Present Subjunctive.

É importante descansar a mente do trabalho.

It's important to rest the mind from work.

Preposition 'de' (from).

Se eu tivesse tempo, descansaria mais.

If I had time, I would rest more.

Conditional mood.

Deixe a carne descansar antes de cortar.

Let the meat rest before cutting.

Culinary context.

Ela não descansará enquanto não terminar o livro.

She won't rest until she finishes the book.

Future tense + 'enquanto não'.

Mesmo descansando, ele continuava preocupado.

Even while resting, he remained worried.

Gerund 'descansando'.

Você deve descansar para recuperar as energias.

You must rest to recover your energy.

Finality with 'para'.

Onde você costuma descansar aos fins de semana?

Where do you usually rest on weekends?

Verb 'costumar' + infinitive.

Pode ficar descansado, eu resolverei o problema.

You can rest assured, I will solve the problem.

Idiomatic 'ficar descansado'.

O projeto vai descansar por uns meses.

The project will be put on hold for a few months.

Metaphorical use for projects.

É fundamental que os funcionários descansem adequadamente.

It is fundamental that employees rest adequately.

Subjunctive after 'é fundamental que'.

A massa precisa descansar para o glúten relaxar.

The dough needs to rest for the gluten to relax.

Technical culinary use.

Ele descansou a cabeça no ombro dela.

He rested his head on her shoulder.

Transitive use with 'cabeça'.

Descansar é um direito garantido por lei.

Resting is a right guaranteed by law.

Infinitive as a noun.

Não descanse sobre os louros da vitória.

Don't rest on your laurels.

Idiomatic expression.

O solo precisa descansar entre as colheitas.

The soil needs to rest between harvests.

Agricultural context.

A alma finalmente descansa após a tormenta.

The soul finally rests after the storm.

Poetic/Literary use.

O autor deixa o conflito descansar antes do clímax.

The author lets the conflict rest before the climax.

Literary technique context.

A decisão judicial descansou sobre provas sólidas.

The judicial decision rested on solid evidence.

Figurative use meaning 'to be based on'.

Que o seu espírito descanse em paz eterna.

May your spirit rest in eternal peace.

Formal/Religious register.

O orador descansou a voz antes do grande discurso.

The speaker rested his voice before the big speech.

Specific transitive use.

Não descansarei enquanto a justiça não for feita.

I will not rest until justice is done.

Emphatic future negative.

O olhar descansava na linha do horizonte.

The gaze rested on the horizon line.

Descriptive/Poetic use.

É preciso descansar o assunto para evitar discussões inúteis.

It is necessary to let the matter rest to avoid useless discussions.

Abstract transitive use.

A legitimidade da pretensão descansa no direito consuetudinário.

The legitimacy of the claim rests on customary law.

High-level legal register.

O vinhos de guarda devem descansar em caves escuras.

Age-worthy wines must rest in dark cellars.

Enology context.

A narrativa descansa numa estrutura circular complexa.

The narrative rests on a complex circular structure.

Literary criticism.

Descansar o intelecto é o prelúdio da criatividade.

Resting the intellect is the prelude to creativity.

Philosophical statement.

A responsabilidade descansa inteiramente sobre os seus ombros.

The responsibility rests entirely on your shoulders.

Metaphorical burden.

O silêncio descansava sobre a cidade adormecida.

Silence rested over the sleeping city.

Personification.

A eficácia do fármaco descansa na sua biodisponibilidade.

The efficacy of the drug rests on its bioavailability.

Scientific/Pharmacological register.

Deixe o pincel descansar; a obra está terminada.

Let the brush rest; the work is finished.

Artistic metaphor.

よく使う組み合わせ

descansar um pouco

descansar a mente

descansar os olhos

descansar em paz

deixar descansar

precisar descansar

descansar da viagem

período de descanso

dia de descansar

descansar as pernas

よく使うフレーズ

Vou descansar.

Descanse bem!

Você precisa descansar.

Deixe descansar por 10 minutos.

Não consigo descansar.

Quero descansar um pouco.

Ele está descansando.

Vamos descansar aqui.

Pode ficar descansado.

Descansar a cabeça.

よく混同される語

descansar vs Dormir (to sleep)

descansar vs Relaxar (to relax/leisure)

descansar vs Pausar (to pause a process)

慣用句と表現

間違えやすい

descansar vs

文型パターン

使い方

social

Used to politely end conversations.

culinary

Crucial for bread and meat preparation.

mental rest

Frequently used for 'resting the mind' from stress.

よくある間違い

Using 'descansar' instead of 'dormir' for overnight sleep.
Forgetting the nasal sound in the second syllable.
Omitting the preposition 'de' when necessary.
Confusing 'descanso' (noun) with 'descanso' (verb first person).
Using reflexive 'me descansar' in standard speech.

ヒント

Conjugation

Practice the present tense: eu descanso, você descansa, nós descansamos, eles descansam.

Synonyms

Use 'repousar' in formal writing to sound more sophisticated.

Socializing

Saying 'Vou deixar você descansar' is a very polite way to hang up the phone.

Medical

If a doctor says 'repouso', they mean you must 'descansar' completely.

Recipes

Look for 'deixe a massa descansar' in Portuguese recipes.

Nasal Sounds

The 'an' in descansar is nasal, like the 'an' in 'pancake' but without the 'n' sound touching the roof of the mouth.

Laurels

Don't 'descansar sobre os louros'—keep working hard even after a win!

From vs Of

Always use 'de' to indicate the source of fatigue.

Adjectives

Use 'descansado' to describe someone who looks refreshed.

Context

If you hear it at a funeral, it's a wish for the deceased.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'De-Scanning'. You are turning off the scanner (your brain/eyes) to rest.

語源

Latin

文化的な背景

Frequently used in the context of community and family gatherings.

Commonly used in the phrase 'ficar descansado' to mean 'don't worry'.

Often used in a more formal sense in daily greetings.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"O que você gosta de fazer para descansar?"

"Você conseguiu descansar no fim de semana?"

"Onde é o melhor lugar para descansar nesta cidade?"

"Você prefere descansar lendo ou assistindo TV?"

"Quantas horas você precisa descansar por dia?"

日記のテーマ

Descreva o seu dia de descanso ideal.

Por que é difícil descansar na sociedade moderna?

Como você se sente quando não consegue descansar?

Escreva sobre um lugar onde você sempre descansa bem.

Qual a diferença entre descansar e dormir para você?

よくある質問

10 問

Technically yes, but 'dormir' is more specific. 'Descansar' is broader and usually means just taking a break.

Yes, it follows the standard pattern for all -ar verbs in Portuguese.

You say 'Descanse em paz'.

The noun is 'o descanso'.

Yes, 'descansar os olhos' or 'descansar a vista' is very common.

No, it should be 'descansar do trabalho' (rest from work).

It means to be relieved or to stop worrying about something.

Yes, for letting dough rise or meat juices redistribute.

Rarely. Usually, you just say 'Eu descansei' instead of 'Eu me descansei'.

The most direct opposite is 'trabalhar' (to work) or 'cansar' (to tire).