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A2 adjective 8分で読める

mal-passado

練習する例文メモとヒント mal-passado 30秒で

解説 mal-passado in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'mal-passado' as a vocabulary item for ordering food. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet. Just remember that it means 'rare' for meat. If you go to a restaurant, you can simply point to the menu and say 'mal-passado' to the waiter. It is helpful to learn it alongside 'carne' (meat) and 'bife' (steak). At this stage, you might not always remember to change it to 'mal-passada' for feminine words, and that is okay—people will still understand you. Focus on the sound: 'mahl-pah-SAH-doo'. Think of it as a magic word to get your steak exactly how you like it. You will mostly use it in simple sentences like 'Eu quero mal-passado' (I want rare).

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At the A2 level, you are expected to handle basic social situations, like dining out. You should start paying attention to gender agreement. Since 'carne' is feminine, you must say 'carne mal-passada'. You should also learn the other levels of cooking: 'ao ponto' (medium) and 'bem-passado' (well-done). You can start using 'mal-passado' with the verb 'estar' to describe your food, such as 'O meu bife está mal-passado'. This level also involves understanding simple questions from the waiter, such as 'Como deseja a carne?' (How do you want the meat?). You should be able to respond clearly using the correct form of the adjective.

By B1, you should be comfortable using 'mal-passado' in more descriptive contexts. You might explain why you prefer your meat rare, perhaps mentioning that it is more 'suculento' (juicy). You can use adverbs to modify the term, like 'um pouco mal-passado' (a little rare) or 'bem mal-passado' (very rare). You should also understand the use of the hyphen in writing and the difference between 'mal' and 'mau'. At this stage, you can participate in more complex conversations about food and cooking techniques, and you should be able to handle situations where your meat is not cooked to your preference by using polite requests for the kitchen to adjust it.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuances of 'mal-passado' across different cultures, such as the importance of 'ponto da carne' in Brazilian churrasco. You can use the word in more abstract or metaphorical ways, though rare, to describe something under-developed. You should be fluent in switching between masculine, feminine, singular, and plural forms effortlessly. You might also start using more advanced culinary terms like 'selado' (seared) to further specify your preferences. You can discuss the health aspects or culinary traditions associated with eating 'carne mal-passada' versus 'carne bem-passada' in a debate or a detailed conversation.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'mal-passado' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's. You understand the regional variations in how 'mal-passado' is interpreted—for example, a 'mal-passado' in a traditional Portuguese village might be different from one in a modern São Paulo steakhouse. You can use the term in professional culinary critiques or detailed writing about gastronomy. You are also aware of the historical and etymological roots of the word. You can use the term fluidly in complex sentences, such as 'Embora a maioria prefira ao ponto, há uma elegância rústica em apreciar um corte nobre estritamente mal-passado'.

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At the C2 level, you possess a complete mastery of the term and its place in the broader Portuguese lexicon. You can appreciate and use puns or wordplay involving 'mal-passado' and 'bem-passado'. You are familiar with literary uses where the state of meat might be used as a metaphor for raw emotion or primitive states. You understand the technicalities of the 'Acordo Ortográfico' regarding the hyphenation of such compound words and can discuss the evolution of food-related vocabulary in the Portuguese language. Your command of the word extends to all registers, from the most informal street slang to high-level academic or culinary discourse.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

mal-passado 30秒で

Means 'rare' when referring to how meat is cooked.
A compound word: 'mal' (barely) + 'passado' (cooked).
Must agree in gender: mal-passado (m) / mal-passada (f).
Essential for ordering food in Brazil and Portugal.

The Portuguese adjective mal-passado is an essential term for any culinary enthusiast or traveler visiting a Lusophone country. At its core, it describes meat—most commonly beef—that has been cooked for a very short duration, resulting in a warm, red center. For English speakers, the most direct translation is rare. However, the linguistic construction of the word provides a fascinating look into how Portuguese speakers perceive the levels of cooking. The word is a compound of mal (poorly or barely) and passado (the past participle of 'passar', meaning to pass through or, in this context, to cook/sear). Thus, it literally suggests something that has 'barely passed' through the heat of the grill or pan.

The Culinary Spectrum: In a Brazilian churrascaria or a Portuguese restaurante, you will encounter three primary levels of 'doneness': mal-passado (rare), ao ponto (medium), and bem-passado (well-done). Choosing 'mal-passado' signals a preference for the natural juices and tenderness of the meat, a choice highly respected by professional grill masters known as churrasqueiros.
Grammatical Agreement: As an adjective, it must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. If you are ordering a picanha (feminine), you would say 'a picanha está mal-passada'. If you are ordering multiple bifes (masculine plural), you would say 'os bifes estão mal-passados'. This flexibility is key to sounding natural.

Garçom, eu gostaria do meu filé mignon mal-passado, por favor.

Translation: Waiter, I would like my filet mignon rare, please.

Beyond the literal kitchen, the term can occasionally be used metaphorically to describe something that is underprepared or 'half-baked' in terms of planning, though this is much less common than its culinary application. When you hear this word, your mind should immediately go to a sizzling grill, a rich red interior, and a succulent dining experience. It is one of the first words any meat-lover should master to ensure their dining experiences in Lisbon, Rio, or Luanda are exactly to their taste.

Using mal-passado correctly requires an understanding of Portuguese sentence structure and adjective placement. In most cases, it follows the noun it describes. For instance, 'rare meat' becomes 'carne mal-passada'. It is also frequently used with the linking verb estar (to be - temporary state) because the level of cooking is a state resulting from an action.

Standard Sentence Structure: The most common way to use this word is in the pattern: [Noun] + [Verb Estar] + [mal-passado]. Example: 'O hambúrguer está mal-passado.' (The hamburger is rare). This indicates the current state of the food served to you.
Expressing Preferences: When ordering, you use verbs like querer (to want) or gostar (to like). Example: 'Eu quero a carne mal-passada.' Note how the adjective 'mal-passada' changes to the feminine form to match 'carne'. If you prefer a very rare steak, you might add the word bem before it: 'bem mal-passado' (very rare/blue).

Este bife de tira está perfeito, bem mal-passado como eu pedi.

Translation: This strip steak is perfect, very rare just as I ordered.

It is also important to recognize the plural forms. If you are hosting a barbecue and asking guests how they want their steaks, you would ask: 'Vocês preferem os bifes mal-passados ou ao ponto?' (Do you prefer the steaks rare or medium?). The addition of the '-s' at the end of both 'mal' and 'passado' is technically not how compound words always work, but for 'mal-passado', the plural is indeed 'mal-passados'.

Negation and Comparison: 'Não gosto de carne mal-passada' (I don't like rare meat). 'Esta carne está mais mal-passada que a outra' (This meat is rarer than the other one). Note that while 'mal' usually becomes 'pior' in comparisons, in the context of cooking levels, we stick to 'mais mal-passada'.

The word mal-passado is most frequently heard in social and commercial settings involving food. Whether it's a casual Sunday churrasco with friends or a formal dinner at a Michelin-starred steakhouse in Porto, the vocabulary of meat preparation is a constant thread in Lusophone social life.

No Rio Grande do Sul, o churrasco tradicional é servido quase sempre mal-passado.

Translation: In Rio Grande do Sul, traditional barbecue is almost always served rare.

In Brazil, the rodízio culture (all-you-can-eat meat service) makes this word ubiquitous. As the servers (passadores) walk around with large skewers of meat, they will often ask you: 'Como o senhor/a senhora prefere a carne?'. Your response of 'Mal-passada, por favor' will ensure you get the slices from the center of the roast where the meat is juiciest. In Portugal, you'll hear it in tascas when ordering a 'prego' (steak sandwich) or a 'bitoque' (steak with an egg on top). A 'bitoque mal-passado' is a staple lunch for many locals.

Television and Media: Cooking competition shows like MasterChef Brasil or MasterChef Portugal are incredibly popular. You will often hear judges critiquing a contestant by saying, 'A carne está crua, não está mal-passada!' (The meat is raw, it's not rare!). This highlights the fine line between cru (raw) and mal-passado (rare) that professional chefs must master.
Social Gatherings: At a family gathering, the person at the grill (the 'churrasqueiro') acts as a conductor. They might shout out, 'Quem quer um pedaço mal-passado?' (Who wants a rare piece?). The enthusiastic responses are a hallmark of Brazilian social dynamics.

In summary, if there is a grill nearby, you will likely hear mal-passado. It is a word of preference, quality, and specific taste that bridges the gap between the kitchen and the dining table.

Learning to use mal-passado involves avoiding a few common pitfalls that English speakers often encounter due to direct translation or grammatical confusion.

1. Confusing 'Mal' with 'Mau': A frequent error is writing or saying 'mau-passado'. In Portuguese, mal is an adverb (the opposite of bem), while mau is an adjective (the opposite of bom). Since it modifies the participle 'passado', the adverb mal is required. Think of it as 'badly cooked' (in terms of time, not quality) rather than 'bad cooked'.
2. Forgetting Gender Agreement: English speakers often forget that 'mal-passado' must change to 'mal-passada' when referring to feminine nouns like carne or picanha. Saying 'eu quero a carne mal-passado' is a very common beginner mistake. Always check the gender of the meat you are ordering!

Errado: Eu gosto de carne mau-passado.
Correto: Eu gosto de carne mal-passada.

3. Confusing 'Mal-passado' with 'Cru': New learners might use 'cru' (raw) when they actually want 'rare'. While 'mal-passado' implies the meat has been seared and is warm inside, 'cru' means it hasn't been cooked at all (like steak tartare or sushi). Ordering a 'bife cru' might lead to a very different meal than you expected!
4. Misplacing 'Bem': Adding 'bem' to 'mal-passado' (bem mal-passado) means 'very rare'. However, adding 'bem' to 'passado' (bem-passado) means 'well-done'. It's easy to get these flipped in the heat of a busy restaurant. Remember: bem + mal = very rare; bem + passado = well done.

While mal-passado is the standard term for rare meat, there are several related words and alternatives depending on the level of cooking and the specific region where you are dining.

Ao Ponto (Medium): This is the most common alternative. If 'mal-passado' is too rare for you, ask for 'ao ponto'. It literally means 'at the point' (the perfect point). You can also ask for 'ao ponto para mal' (medium-rare) or 'ao ponto para bem' (medium-well).
Selado (Seared): Often used in high-end cooking, 'selado' means the meat was quickly browned on the outside at high heat but remains almost raw inside. This is often even rarer than a standard 'mal-passado'.

Comparação:
1. Cru: No heat.
2. Mal-passado: Seared, red/pink center.
3. Ao ponto: Pink throughout.
4. Bem-passado: Brown throughout.

Juicy vs. Dry: Instead of focusing on the cooking level, you might describe the result. Suculento (juicy) is often the goal of a 'mal-passado' steak. Conversely, a 'bem-passado' steak might be described as seco (dry).

Understanding these nuances allows you to communicate exactly how you want your food prepared, ensuring a much better dining experience in any Portuguese-speaking country.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The use of 'mal' as a prefix for 'under-' is common in Romance languages, but Portuguese is unique in how it specifically pairs with 'passado' for meat.

発音ガイド

UK /ˌmæl pæˈsɑːdəʊ/

US /ˌmɑl pəˈsɑdoʊ/

The primary stress is on the penultimate syllable 'sa' (mal-pas-SA-do).

韻が合う語

cansado passado casado gelado pesado molhado ferrado engraçado

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'l' as a hard English 'l' (it should be softer, like 'u' in Brazil).
Stress on the 'mal' instead of 'sa'.
Forgetting to change the ending to 'a' for feminine nouns.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in context of food.

ライティング 3/5

Remember the hyphen and gender agreement.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward.

リスニング 2/5

Commonly heard in restaurants.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

carne bife ponto mal passado

次に学ぶ

bem-passado ao ponto selado grelhado assado

上級

suculência textura maturação marmorização

知っておくべき文法

Adjective Agreement

A carne (f) está mal-passada (f).

Compound Word Hyphenation

Mal-passado uses a hyphen because 'mal' precedes a 'p'.

Use of 'Estar' for States

O bife ESTÁ mal-passado (temporary state of the food).

Adverbial Modification

BEM mal-passado (using 'bem' as 'very').

Pluralization of Compounds

Bifes mal-passados (both parts pluralize in this case).

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レベル別の例文

Eu quero o bife mal-passado.

I want the steak rare.

Simple SVO structure with masculine agreement.

A carne está mal-passada?

Is the meat rare?

Feminine agreement with 'carne'.

Não gosto de bife mal-passado.

I don't like rare steak.

Negation 'Não gosto de'.

Um hambúrguer mal-passado, por favor.

A rare hamburger, please.

Noun-adjective pair.

O bife é mal-passado.

The steak is rare.

Using 'ser' for definition (though 'estar' is more common for state).

Você gosta de mal-passado?

Do you like rare?

Using the adjective as a noun in a general sense.

Carne mal-passada é bom.

Rare meat is good.

General statement.

Mal-passado, por favor.

Rare, please.

Elliptical sentence typical of ordering.

Eu prefiro a picanha mal-passada.

I prefer the picanha rare.

Verb 'preferir' + feminine noun.

O garçom perguntou se eu queria mal-passado.

The waiter asked if I wanted it rare.

Indirect speech.

Estes bifes estão muito mal-passados.

These steaks are very rare.

Plural masculine agreement.

Ela não come carne se não estiver mal-passada.

She doesn't eat meat if it isn't rare.

Conditional 'se' with subjunctive 'estiver'.

Você pode fazer o meu bife mal-passado?

Can you make my steak rare?

Using 'fazer' to mean 'cook'.

Eu sempre peço mal-passado na churrascaria.

I always ask for rare at the steakhouse.

Adverb of frequency 'sempre'.

O meu bife veio mal-passado, obrigado.

My steak came rare, thank you.

Verb 'vir' (to come) describing state.

A carne mal-passada é mais suculenta.

Rare meat is juicier.

Comparative 'mais... que'.

Se a carne não estiver mal-passada, ela fica muito dura.

If the meat isn't rare, it gets very tough.

Future subjunctive 'estiver' + result.

Gostaria que o senhor trouxesse o filé mal-passado.

I would like you to bring the filet rare.

Imperfect subjunctive 'trouxesse' after 'gostaria que'.

Apesar de estar mal-passado, o bife está frio.

Despite being rare, the steak is cold.

Concession 'Apesar de'.

Muitas pessoas têm receio de comer carne mal-passada.

Many people are afraid of eating rare meat.

Noun phrase 'ter receio de'.

O ponto ideal para este corte é mal-passado.

The ideal point for this cut is rare.

Defining an 'ideal point'.

Ele pediu o bife mal-passado, mas veio bem-passado.

He asked for the steak rare, but it came well-done.

Contrast using 'mas'.

Para mim, o hambúrguer perfeito tem que ser mal-passado.

For me, the perfect hamburger has to be rare.

Opinion phrase 'Para mim'.

Você sabe como preparar um bife mal-passado corretamente?

Do you know how to prepare a rare steak correctly?

Interrogative with 'saber como'.

A técnica de selar a carne garante que ela fique mal-passada por dentro.

The technique of searing the meat ensures it remains rare on the inside.

Complex sentence with relative clause 'que'.

É uma questão de preferência, mas o chef recomenda mal-passado.

It's a matter of preference, but the chef recommends rare.

Formal recommendation.

Caso o bife não venha mal-passado, terei que devolvê-lo.

In case the steak doesn't come rare, I will have to return it.

Conditional 'Caso' with present subjunctive.

Diz-se que a carne mal-passada preserva melhor os nutrientes.

It is said that rare meat preserves nutrients better.

Passive voice 'Diz-se que'.

O cliente insistiu que a carne fosse servida mal-passada.

The client insisted that the meat be served rare.

Past subjunctive 'fosse' after 'insistir que'.

Não há nada melhor do que um churrasco mal-passado no domingo.

There is nothing better than a rare barbecue on Sunday.

Superlative construction.

A textura da carne mal-passada é inigualável.

The texture of rare meat is incomparable.

Abstract noun 'textura'.

Ele se orgulha de sempre acertar o ponto mal-passado.

He prides himself on always getting the rare point right.

Reflexive verb 'orgulhar-se'.

A apreciação de um corte mal-passado exige um paladar habituado à suculência.

The appreciation of a rare cut requires a palate accustomed to juiciness.

High-level vocabulary like 'apreciação' and 'habituado'.

Embora polêmico para alguns, o bife mal-passado é a joia da gastronomia.

Although controversial for some, the rare steak is the jewel of gastronomy.

Concessive 'Embora' with an adjective.

O debate sobre a segurança da carne mal-passada é recorrente na saúde pública.

The debate about the safety of rare meat is recurrent in public health.

Academic tone.

Ao pedir mal-passado, você permite que o sabor intrínseco da carne se destaque.

By asking for rare, you allow the intrinsic flavor of the meat to stand out.

Gerundial 'Ao pedir' (Upon asking).

A linha que separa o mal-passado do cru é tênue e exige perícia do cozinheiro.

The line that separates rare from raw is thin and requires the cook's expertise.

Metaphorical 'linha que separa'.

Raramente encontramos alguém que aprecie tanto uma carne mal-passada quanto ele.

We rarely find someone who appreciates rare meat as much as he does.

Negative adverb 'Raramente' inducing inversion/subjunctive.

A carne, outrora mal-passada, agora repousava sobre o prato, perdendo seu calor.

The meat, formerly rare, now rested on the plate, losing its heat.

Literary 'outrora'.

É imperativo que o lombo seja retirado do fogo ainda mal-passado para não ressecar.

It is imperative that the loin be removed from the fire while still rare so as not to dry out.

Impersonal expression 'É imperativo que'.

A semântica de 'mal-passado' evoca uma crueza controlada, essencial à alta cozinha.

The semantics of 'rare' evoke a controlled rawness, essential to haute cuisine.

Abstract philosophical tone.

Submeter um corte de Wagyu a qualquer ponto além do mal-passado seria um sacrilégio.

Subjecting a cut of Wagyu to any point beyond rare would be a sacrilege.

Conditional mood for hypothetical outrage.

A dicotomia entre o bem-passado e o mal-passado reflete clivagens culturais profundas.

The dichotomy between well-done and rare reflects deep cultural cleavages.

Sociological terminology.

O termo, conquanto simples, encerra em si a complexidade da reação de Maillard.

The term, although simple, contains within itself the complexity of the Maillard reaction.

Conjunction 'conquanto'.

Instaurou-se uma querela na mesa sobre se o pato deveria ser servido mal-passado.

A quarrel broke out at the table about whether the duck should be served rare.

Pronominal passive 'Instaurou-se'.

A translucidez central da carne mal-passada é o que define sua perfeição estética.

The central translucency of rare meat is what defines its aesthetic perfection.

Complex noun phrases.

Ainda que a norma culta dite o hífen, muitos negligenciam a grafia de mal-passado.

Even though the standard norm dictates the hyphen, many neglect the spelling of rare.

Meta-linguistic commentary.

A efemeridade do ponto mal-passado exige um sincronismo absoluto entre cozinha e salão.

The ephemerality of the rare point requires absolute synchronism between kitchen and dining room.

Elevated vocabulary 'efemeridade'.

よく使う組み合わせ

Carne mal-passada

Bife mal-passado

Pedir mal-passado

Ponto mal-passado

Servir mal-passado

Gostar de mal-passado

Filé mal-passado

Hambúrguer mal-passado

Bem mal-passado

Meio mal-passado

よく使うフレーズ

Eu queria o meu mal-passado.

— I would like mine rare.

Waiter: 'Como o senhor quer o bife?' Me: 'Eu queria o meu mal-passado.'

Está muito mal-passado.

— It is too rare.

Can you cook this more? Está muito mal-passado.

Gosto da carne mal-passada.

— I like the meat rare.

Em churrascos, eu sempre digo que gosto da carne mal-passada.

O ponto está mal-passado.

— The level of cooking is rare.

Chef: 'Veja, o ponto está mal-passado como solicitado.'

Mal-passado ou ao ponto?

— Rare or medium?

The most common question a waiter asks.

Um pouco mal-passado.

— A little rare.

Não quero cru, apenas um pouco mal-passado.

Prefere mal-passado?

— Do you prefer it rare?

Asking a guest at your home.

Vem mal-passado?

— Does it come rare?

Checking the default cooking style.

Não aguento carne mal-passada.

— I can't stand rare meat.

My sister doesn't like the blood; she says: 'Não aguento carne mal-passada'.

Sempre mal-passado.

— Always rare.

How do you take your steak? 'Sempre mal-passado'.

よく混同される語

mal-passado vs Mau-passado

Incorrect spelling; 'mau' is an adjective, 'mal' is the correct adverb here.

mal-passado vs Cru

Cru means raw; mal-passado is cooked but rare.

mal-passado vs Ao ponto

Ao ponto is medium; some people confuse the two when they want medium-rare.

慣用句と表現

"Estar mal-passado"

— To be underprepared or not fully developed (rare metaphorical use).

Esse plano ainda está mal-passado.

Informal

"Nem mal-passado nem bem-passado"

— To be indecisive or in the middle.

Ele não se decide, fica nem mal-passado nem bem-passado.

Colloquial

"Comer carne mal-passada"

— Sometimes used to imply someone is tough or 'savage'.

Aquele ali é bruto, só come carne mal-passada.

Slang/Regional

"Ponto de mal-passado"

— The perfect timing for something.

Chegamos no ponto de mal-passado da festa.

Metaphorical

"Ficar mal-passado"

— To feel embarrassed or 'half-baked' in a situation.

Fiquei mal-passado com aquele comentário.

Very Informal

"Cheiro de mal-passado"

— The smell of fresh seared meat.

Que cheiro bom de mal-passado!

Neutral

"Vida mal-passada"

— A life that hasn't been fully 'cooked' or lived (Poetic).

Levava uma vida mal-passada e sem rumo.

Literary

"Coração mal-passado"

— A raw or bleeding heart (Poetic).

Tinha o coração mal-passado de tanto sofrer.

Literary

"Negócio mal-passado"

— A deal that was not well-negotiated.

Esse negócio está mal-passado, vamos revisar.

Business Slang

"Conversa mal-passada"

— A conversation that left things unresolved.

Não gosto de conversa mal-passada, vamos terminar isso.

Informal

間違えやすい

mal-passado vs Mal

Often confused with 'mau'.

'Mal' is the opposite of 'bem' (adverb). 'Mau' is the opposite of 'bom' (adjective).

Ele cozinha mal. Ele é um mau cozinheiro.

mal-passado vs Passado

Can mean 'past' or 'cooked'.

Context determines if it's time or food.

O tempo passou. O bife está passado.

mal-passado vs Bem-passado

Opposite meaning.

Well-done vs. rare.

Eu quero mal-passado, não bem-passado.

mal-passado vs Ponto

Has many meanings (dot, point, bus stop).

In a restaurant, it specifically refers to the level of cooking.

Qual o ponto da carne?

mal-passado vs Sangue

People think rare meat is full of blood.

The red liquid is actually myoglobin, not blood, but people use the word 'sangue' informally.

A carne está com sangue (meaning it's rare).

文型パターン

Eu quero [noun] mal-passado.

Eu quero bife mal-passado.

[Noun] está mal-passado.

A carne está mal-passada.

Eu prefiro [noun] mal-passado porque...

Eu prefiro carne mal-passada porque é suculenta.

Se você [verb], a carne fica mal-passada.

Se você grelhar rápido, a carne fica mal-passada.

Apesar de [verb], o ponto é mal-passado.

Apesar de ser grosso, o bife está mal-passado.

A essência de [noun] reside no ponto mal-passado.

A essência da picanha reside no ponto mal-passado.

Any

Mal-passado, por favor.

Any

Não gosto de mal-passado.

語族

名詞

passado (the past)

passagem (passage)

passadeira (treadmill/rug)

動詞

passar (to pass/cook)

repassar (to review/pass again)

形容詞

passado (past/cooked)

bem-passado (well-done)

ultrapassado (outdated)

使い方

frequency

Very frequent in culinary and social contexts.

よくある間違い

Using 'mau-passado' → mal-passado
Adverbs (mal) modify verbs/participles, not adjectives (mau).
O bife mal-passada → O bife mal-passado
Bife is masculine, so the adjective must be masculine.
A carne mal-passado → A carne mal-passada
Carne is feminine, so the adjective must be feminine.
Writing 'malpassado' → mal-passado
The hyphen is required by current orthographic rules.
Saying 'cru' when you want 'rare' → mal-passado
'Cru' means completely raw, which is usually not what you want for a steak.

ヒント

Precision

If you are picky, say 'bem mal-passado' to ensure it stays very red.

Agreement

Always match the ending: 'o bife mal-passado' but 'a carne mal-passada'.

Churrascaria Tip

In a rodízio, the 'picanha' is best when requested 'mal-passada'.

The 'L' sound

In Brazil, don't say 'mal' with a hard L. It sounds like 'mow' (rhymes with cow).

The Opposite

Learn 'bem-passado' at the same time so you know what to avoid!

Safety

If you have a sensitive stomach, 'ao ponto' might be a safer start than 'mal-passado'.

Hosting

When hosting a BBQ, always ask guests: 'Qual o ponto de preferência?'

Home Cooking

To get 'mal-passado' at home, use high heat and short time.

Literal Meaning

Thinking of it as 'badly passed' through the fire helps remember it's undercooked.

Informality

Use 'sangrando' only with close friends; it's too graphic for a nice restaurant.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a steak that had a 'MAL' (bad) time in the pan because it was only there for a 'PASS' (second). So it's still red!

視覚的連想

Imagine a red traffic light. 'MAL-passado' means 'Stop the cooking now' while it's still red.

Word Web

carne bife churrasco sangue grelhado fogo garçom restaurante

チャレンジ

Go to a local Portuguese restaurant or find a menu online and identify all the meats you would like to order 'mal-passado'.

語源

From the Latin 'male' (badly/poorly) and 'passare' (to step/pass).

元の意味： In a culinary sense, it developed to mean meat that has 'barely' passed through the cooking process.

Romance (Latin root).

文化的な背景

Some cultures or individuals avoid rare meat for health or religious reasons. Always be polite when declining.

English speakers use 'rare'. Note that 'blue' (very rare) is 'bem mal-passado' in Portuguese.

MasterChef Brasil judges often argue about the 'ponto mal-passado'. Brazilian singer Erasmo Carlos mentions 'churrasco' in his songs. Anthony Bourdain praised the 'mal-passado' steaks in Lisbon.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Restaurant

Como é o ponto?
Quero mal-passado.
Está muito cru.
Pode passar mais?

Barbecue

Quem quer mal-passado?
Sai um mal-passado!
A picanha está no ponto.
Tira a carne agora.

Cooking Class

Sele a carne.
Mantenha mal-passado.
Verifique a temperatura.
Deixe descansar.

Grocery Store

Este corte é bom para mal-passado?
Quero carne macia.
Para grelhar rápido.
Qual bife você recomenda?

Dinner Party

Espero que goste de mal-passado.
Eu prefiro assim.
Está uma delícia.
O ponto está perfeito.

会話のきっかけ

"Você prefere o seu bife mal-passado ou bem-passado?"

"Qual é o melhor restaurante para comer carne mal-passada aqui?"

"Você acha que carne mal-passada é mais saborosa?"

"No seu país, as pessoas costumam comer carne mal-passada?"

"Como você prepara o bife mal-passado perfeito em casa?"

日記のテーマ

Descreva a melhor refeição que você já teve com carne mal-passada.

Por que algumas pessoas têm medo de comer carne mal-passada?

Escreva um diálogo entre um garçom e um cliente exigente sobre o ponto da carne.

Você prefere hambúrguer mal-passado? Explique sua preferência.

Fale sobre a importância do churrasco na cultura brasileira ou portuguesa.

よくある質問

10 問

'Mal-passado' is rare (red center), while 'ao ponto' is medium (pink throughout). If you want something in between, ask for 'ao ponto para mal'.

The most common way is to say 'ao ponto para mal' or simply 'mal-passado' if you like it redder.

Yes, in reputable restaurants and churrascarias, 'mal-passado' is standard and safe. However, always use your judgment with street food.

Generally, no. Chicken and pork are usually served 'bem-passado' (well-done) for safety reasons. It mostly applies to beef and sometimes duck or tuna.

The plural is 'mal-passados'. If referring to 'carnes', it is 'mal-passadas'.

According to Portuguese grammar rules, compounds with 'mal' use a hyphen when the second word starts with 'h', 'l', or 'p'.

It is rare. For vegetables, people usually say 'al dente' or 'crocante'. 'Mal-cozido' might be used if they are undercooked in a bad way.

You can say: 'Pode passar mais um pouco, por favor?' (Can you cook it a bit more, please?).

Yes, the term is identical and used the same way in both countries.

Ask for 'bem mal-passado' or 'apenas selado'.

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