довольный 30秒で
- Feeling pleased and content.
- Satisfied with a situation or outcome.
- Expresses general happiness.
- Common in everyday Russian.
- Core Meaning
- Feeling happy and content with something or someone. It implies a sense of fulfillment and lack of dissatisfaction.
- Emotional State
- It describes a positive emotional state, often a result of achieving a goal, receiving something good, or experiencing a pleasant situation.
- Contexts of Use
- People use 'довольный' when they are pleased with a service, a gift, a result, a person's behavior, or their own achievements. It's a versatile adjective for expressing general satisfaction.
After a long day, he felt довольный with his accomplishments.
She was довольная with the delicious meal.
- Nuance of Satisfaction
- 'Довольный' often implies that the person's expectations have been met or exceeded, leading to a sense of contentment. It's not necessarily ecstatic joy, but a solid feeling of being okay with the situation.
- Common Scenarios
- Imagine a student receiving a good grade, a customer getting excellent service, or someone enjoying a peaceful evening at home. In these situations, 'довольный' is the perfect word.
- Describing People
- You can use 'довольный' to describe how someone feels after a positive experience. For example, 'Он был доволен результатами экзамена.' (He was pleased with the exam results.)
- Describing Actions or Outcomes
- It can also describe a situation or outcome that brings satisfaction. For instance, 'Это было довольное решение.' (It was a satisfactory decision.) While less common for inanimate outcomes, it's more natural when referring to a person's reaction to an outcome.
- Expressing General Contentment
- It's frequently used to express a general state of happiness with life or a specific aspect of it. 'Я очень доволен своей работой.' (I am very satisfied with my job.)
The chef was довольный with the presentation of the dish.
The children were довольные after receiving their gifts.
- Common Verb Pairings
- It often pairs with verbs like 'быть' (to be), 'чувствовать себя' (to feel), or can be used predicatively after certain verbs. For example, 'Он выглядел довольным.' (He looked pleased.)
- Using with Prepositions
- When specifying what someone is pleased with, the preposition 'от' (from) followed by the genitive case is very common: 'Я доволен от поездки.' (I am satisfied with the trip.) Alternatively, 'с' (with) followed by the instrumental case can be used: 'доволен с результатом' (pleased with the result).
- Everyday Conversations
- You'll hear 'довольный' constantly in casual chats. Friends might ask each other, 'Ты доволен новой работой?' (Are you happy with your new job?), or comment, 'Он выглядит таким довольным сегодня.' (He looks so pleased today.) It's a go-to word for expressing general good feelings.
- Customer Service Interactions
- In shops, restaurants, or when dealing with services, 'довольный' is used to gauge customer satisfaction. A waiter might ask, 'Вам всё понравилось? Вы довольны?' (Did you like everything? Are you satisfied?). Or a manager might say, 'Мы хотим, чтобы каждый клиент был доволен.' (We want every customer to be satisfied.)
- Family and Friends
- Parents express satisfaction with their children's behavior or achievements: 'Я довольна твоими оценками.' (I am pleased with your grades.). Children might say they are 'довольный' with a gift or a treat.
After a successful picnic, everyone was довольный.
The teacher smiled, довольная by the students' progress.
- Workplace Scenarios
- In meetings or performance reviews, you might hear 'сотрудники довольны условиями труда' (employees are satisfied with working conditions) or 'руководство довольно результатами проекта' (management is pleased with the project results).
- Media and Public Discourse
- News reports or reviews might mention a 'довольный покупатель' (satisfied customer) or a 'довольный зритель' (pleased spectator). It's a standard term for expressing positive reception.
- Incorrect Gender/Number Agreement
- The most frequent error for learners is failing to make 'довольный' agree with the noun it modifies. For example, saying 'Я довольный' when referring to oneself as a female speaker is incorrect; it should be 'Я довольная'. Similarly, for plural nouns, it must be 'довольные'.
- Confusing with 'Счастливый' (Happy)
- While both express positive emotions, 'счастливый' implies a deeper, more profound state of happiness or joy, often related to life in general or significant events. 'Довольный' is more about contentment with a specific situation or outcome. Using 'счастливый' when you mean 'довольный' can sound overly dramatic or inaccurate.
- Incorrect Preposition Usage
- As mentioned, the prepositions 'от' (genitive) and 'с' (instrumental) are used to indicate what someone is pleased with. Learners might incorrectly use other prepositions or the wrong case. For example, saying 'Я доволен с поездкой' (incorrect) instead of 'Я доволен поездкой' (using genitive without 'от' is less common, but 'Я доволен от поездки' or 'Я доволен поездкой' with instrumental is more standard). The most common and safe construction is 'доволен/довольна/довольны + чем (instrumental case)' or 'доволен/довольна/довольны + от чего (genitive case)'.
Incorrect: Он был довольный с погодой.
Correct: Он был доволен погодой.
- Overuse or Underuse
- Some learners might overuse 'довольный' for any positive feeling, diluting its meaning. Others might avoid it, opting for simpler expressions, thus missing opportunities to sound more natural. It's important to use it when the specific nuance of satisfaction is intended.
- Confusing with Similar Adjectives
- Words like 'удовлетворённый' (satisfied, often more formal or in response to a specific need) can be confused. While similar, 'довольный' is generally more common and less formal for everyday satisfaction.
- Счастливый (Schastlivyy)
- Meaning: Happy, fortunate.
Difference: 'Счастливый' implies a deeper, more general state of happiness, often related to one's life or significant positive events. 'Довольный' is more about satisfaction with a specific situation, outcome, or object.
Example: Он был счастливый от того, что нашёл свою любовь. (He was happy about finding his love.) vs. Он был довольный новой машиной. (He was pleased with the new car.) - Радостный (Radostnyy)
- Meaning: Joyful, glad.
Difference: 'Радостный' denotes an outward expression of joy or gladness, often in response to something specific and exciting. 'Довольный' is more internal contentment.
Example: Дети были радостные от подарков. (The children were joyful about the gifts.) vs. Ребёнок был довольный своей игрушкой. (The child was pleased with his toy.) - Удовлетворённый (Udovletvoryonnyy)
- Meaning: Satisfied (often in a more formal or specific sense, like needs being met).
Difference: 'Удовлетворённый' can be more formal and often implies a deeper level of satisfaction where needs or expectations are fully met, sometimes in a more professional or academic context. 'Довольный' is more general and common for everyday satisfaction.
Example: Клиент был удовлетворён качеством обслуживания. (The client was satisfied with the quality of service.) vs. Он был довольный обедом. (He was pleased with the lunch.) - Благодарный (Blagodarnyy)
- Meaning: Grateful.
Difference: This word expresses thankfulness for something received or done, which is different from general satisfaction. While you might be grateful for something that makes you довольный, they are distinct emotions.
Example: Она была благодарна за помощь. (She was grateful for the help.)
The student was довольный with his progress, but not yet счастливый about his future.
A довольный customer is often a благодарный customer.
豆知識
The concept of 'fullness' leading to satisfaction is present in many languages. For example, the Latin word 'satisfacere' (to satisfy) literally means 'to do enough'. The Russian 'довольный' shares this underlying idea of having 'enough' to be content.
発音ガイド
- Misplacing stress: Stressing the first syllable 'DO-volnyy' is incorrect.
- Pronouncing unstressed 'o' as a clear 'o': It should sound more like 'a' or 'uh'.
- Incorrect 'ы' sound: The final 'ы' is a unique Russian vowel that doesn't have a direct English equivalent. It's a back, unrounded vowel.
- Not softening the initial 'д': The 'д' should be slightly softer than in English 'dog'.
レベル別の例文
Мальчик доволен игрушкой.
The boy is pleased with the toy.
'Мальчик' is masculine singular, so 'довольный' is used in its masculine form.
Девочка довольна конфетой.
The girl is pleased with the candy.
'Девочка' is feminine singular, so 'довольная' is used in its feminine form. 'Конфетой' is in the instrumental case.
Ребёнок доволен.
The child is pleased.
Implied masculine or general noun. 'Доволен' is the short form masculine of 'довольный'.
Кот доволен.
The cat is pleased.
Implied masculine. 'Доволен' is the short form masculine.
Мы довольны.
We are pleased.
'Мы' is plural, so 'довольны' (short plural form) is used.
Он доволен.
He is pleased.
'Он' is masculine singular, 'доволен' is the short form masculine.
Она довольна.
She is pleased.
'Она' is feminine singular, 'довольна' is the short form feminine.
Это хорошо, я доволен.
That's good, I am pleased.
Expressing satisfaction with a situation. 'Доволен' agrees with the masculine speaker.
Я очень доволен своим новым телефоном.
I am very pleased with my new phone.
'Телефон' is masculine singular. 'Своим' is instrumental case, modifying 'телефоном'.
Она была довольна подарком.
She was pleased with the gift.
'Подарком' is in the instrumental case, indicating what she is pleased with.
Учитель доволен успехами учеников.
The teacher is pleased with the students' progress.
'Успехами' is in the instrumental case. 'Учеников' is genitive plural.
Мы были довольны поездкой.
We were pleased with the trip.
'Поездкой' is in the instrumental case.
Этот ресторан делает клиентов довольными.
This restaurant makes customers happy.
'Клиентов' is accusative plural. 'Довольными' is instrumental plural.
Он выглядел довольным после обеда.
He looked pleased after lunch.
'Обеда' is genitive case.
Дети довольны результатом игры.
The children are pleased with the game's result.
'Результатом' is in the instrumental case.
Я довольна своей работой.
I am satisfied with my work.
Feminine speaker. 'Работой' is in the instrumental case.
После долгих переговоров стороны остались довольны достигнутым соглашением.
After long negotiations, the parties remained satisfied with the reached agreement.
'Стороны' is plural. 'Довольны' is the short plural form. 'Соглашением' is instrumental case.
Она была приятно удивлена и довольна неожиданным комплиментом.
She was pleasantly surprised and pleased by the unexpected compliment.
'Комплиментом' is instrumental case.
Несмотря на трудности, он оставался довольным своим выбором.
Despite the difficulties, he remained satisfied with his choice.
'Выбором' is instrumental case.
Заказчик был полностью доволен выполненной работой и сроками.
The client was fully satisfied with the completed work and deadlines.
'Работой' and 'сроками' are in the instrumental case.
Жители города довольны новым парком, который открылся на прошлой неделе.
The city residents are pleased with the new park that opened last week.
'Жители' is plural. 'Довольны' is short plural form. 'Парком' is instrumental case.
Её довольное выражение лица говорило о том, что она получила то, что хотела.
Her satisfied facial expression indicated that she had received what she wanted.
'Довольное' agrees with the neuter noun 'выражение'.
Он был доволен, что смог помочь старому другу.
He was pleased that he could help an old friend.
Used with a clause introduced by 'что'.
Мы остались очень довольны отдыхом на море.
We were very pleased with our vacation by the sea.
'Отдыхом' is instrumental case.
Эксперты дали высокую оценку проекту, и команда чувствовала себя абсолютно довольной.
The experts gave a high rating to the project, and the team felt absolutely satisfied.
'Команда' is singular, but refers to a group, hence 'довольной' (feminine singular). 'Проекту' is dative case.
Несмотря на критику, автор остался доволен своим произведением.
Despite the criticism, the author remained pleased with his work.
'Произведением' is instrumental case.
Она выразила своё искреннее удовлетворение и была довольна каждым аспектом мероприятия.
She expressed her sincere satisfaction and was pleased with every aspect of the event.
'Аспектом' is instrumental case.
По окончании реставрации, владелец музея был чрезвычайно доволен результатом.
Upon completion of the restoration, the museum owner was extremely pleased with the result.
'Результатом' is instrumental case.
Студенты, получившие высокие баллы, были довольны своими стараниями.
Students who received high scores were pleased with their efforts.
'Студенты' is plural. 'Довольны' is short plural form. 'Стараниями' is instrumental case.
Он получил долгожданное признание, и это сделало его по-настоящему довольным.
He received long-awaited recognition, and this made him truly satisfied.
'Признание' is accusative case. 'Довольным' is instrumental case.
Путешественники были довольны своим выбором отеля и его расположением.
The travelers were pleased with their choice of hotel and its location.
'Отеля' is genitive case. 'Расположением' is instrumental case.
Мастер был доволен качеством своей работы, несмотря на усталость.
The craftsman was pleased with the quality of his work, despite his fatigue.
'Качеством' and 'работы' are instrumental and genitive cases respectively.
После тщательного анализа, руководство компании пришло к выводу, что сотрудники довольны условиями труда.
After thorough analysis, the company management concluded that the employees are satisfied with the working conditions.
'Сотрудники' is plural. 'Довольны' is short plural form. 'Условиями' is instrumental case.
Её довольное мурлыканье, когда она гладила кошку, было лучшим подтверждением её благополучия.
Her contented purr, as she petted the cat, was the best confirmation of her well-being.
'Довольное' agrees with the neuter noun 'мурлыканье'. 'Кошку' is accusative case.
Несмотря на первоначальные сомнения, он остался весьма доволен результатом своего инвестиционного портфеля.
Despite initial doubts, he remained very satisfied with the performance of his investment portfolio.
'Результатом' is instrumental case. 'Портфеля' is genitive case.
Она с трудом скрывала своё довольное лицо, получив долгожданное повышение.
She could hardly hide her pleased face upon receiving the long-awaited promotion.
'Довольное' agrees with the neuter noun 'лицо'. 'Повышение' is accusative case.
Благодарные зрители долго аплодировали, и актёры были довольны своим выступлением.
The grateful audience applauded for a long time, and the actors were pleased with their performance.
'Зрители' is plural. 'Довольны' is short plural form. 'Выступлением' is instrumental case.
Философ считал, что истинное счастье заключается в умении быть довольным тем, что имеешь.
The philosopher believed that true happiness lies in the ability to be content with what one has.
Used in an infinitive construction: 'быть довольным'.
Её довольный вздох после вкусного ужина свидетельствовал о полном расслаблении.
Her contented sigh after a delicious dinner testified to complete relaxation.
'Довольный' agrees with the masculine noun 'вздох'. 'Ужина' is genitive case.
После долгих поисков, он нашёл идеальное место для своего бизнеса и был доволен.
After a long search, he found the ideal location for his business and was pleased.
Used predicatively after 'был'.
Архитектор был искренне доволен тем, как его новаторский дизайн был воспринят публикой.
The architect was genuinely pleased with how his innovative design was received by the public.
Used with a clause introduced by 'тем, как'. 'Дизайн' is accusative case.
Она достигла такого уровня мастерства, что была довольна лишь безупречным исполнением.
She reached such a level of mastery that she was satisfied only with flawless execution.
'Исполнением' is instrumental case.
Финансовый аналитик остался доволен прогнозами, которые подтверждали его первоначальные расчеты.
The financial analyst was pleased with the forecasts that confirmed his initial calculations.
'Прогнозами' is instrumental case. 'Расчеты' is accusative plural.
Его довольное выражение лица, когда он смотрел на свои творения, говорило о глубоком самодовольстве.
His satisfied facial expression, as he looked at his creations, spoke of deep self-satisfaction.
'Довольное' agrees with the neuter noun 'выражение'. 'Творения' is accusative plural.
Преподаватель был доволен тем, как студенты усвоили сложный материал.
The professor was pleased with how the students assimilated the complex material.
Used with a clause introduced by 'тем, как'.
Хотя задача была сложной, он был доволен собой, что справился с ней.
Although the task was difficult, he was pleased with himself for having coped with it.
'Собой' is instrumental case. 'Справился' is followed by instrumental case.
Она чувствовала себя совершенно довольной, достигнув пика своей карьеры.
She felt completely content, having reached the peak of her career.
'Довольной' agrees with the feminine pronoun 'она'.
Несмотря на внешнюю сдержанность, в его глазах читалось довольное предвкушение.
Despite outward restraint, his eyes showed a satisfied anticipation.
'Довольное' agrees with the neuter noun 'предвкушение'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Are you satisfied with your work?
Начальник спросил: '<mark>Доволен своей работой?</mark>'
— Makes [someone] pleased/satisfied.
Эта музыка <mark>делает меня довольным</mark>.
— Pleased with oneself.
После решения сложной задачи, он был <mark>доволен собой</mark>.
慣用句と表現
— This idiom means extremely happy or overjoyed, which is a stronger emotion than simply being 'довольный'. While related to positive feelings, it's not a direct synonym.
Когда он выиграл лотерею, он был на седьмом небе от счастья.
General— Literally 'the soul sings', this idiom describes a state of extreme joy and contentment, much stronger than 'довольный'. It implies a deep, inner happiness.
После долгих лет ожидания, он наконец получил работу мечты, и его душа пела.
General— This idiom means to live in clover, to be very well-off and comfortable, enjoying all the good things in life. It implies a state of being very pleased and satisfied with one's circumstances.
Он живёт в большом доме, ездит на дорогой машине, катается как сыр в масле.
Informal— Literally 'to eat one's fill', this can lead to a feeling of being 'довольный' (content) after a good meal. It's more about physical fullness and satisfaction from food.
Мы наелись до отвала и теперь довольны.
Informal— Everything is going well, everything is fine. This idiom implies a positive and satisfying situation, making one feel 'довольный'.
После успешной сделки, у него всё в шоколаде.
Informal— Happy as an elephant. This is an expression for extreme happiness, similar to 'на седьмом небе'.
Когда он увидел свою новую собаку, он был счастлив как слон.
Informal— To live happily and without worries. This implies a state of contentment and satisfaction with life.
После выхода на пенсию они стали жить припеваючи.
General— To smile broadly. This outward expression often accompanies a feeling of being 'довольный'.
Он улыбался во весь рот, получив диплом.
General— Eyes are shining. This indicates happiness and excitement, often associated with being 'довольный'.
Её глаза светились от радости.
General— To find one's place. This implies finding contentment and satisfaction in life or career.
После долгих поисков, она наконец нашла своё место.
General語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a person who has just eaten a huge, delicious meal and is leaning back with a big smile, patting their full stomach. They are 'довольный' because they are full and happy. Think of 'ДОм' (house) and 'ВОЛ' (ox) - a farmer who has a strong ox for his farm and a cozy house feels 'довольный' with his life.
視覚的連想
Picture a person with a wide, relaxed smile, perhaps holding a cup of tea or looking out a window at a pleasant scene. Their posture is relaxed, and their expression conveys deep contentment. Imagine a full harvest basket – the farmer is 'довольный'.
語源
The word 'довольный' originates from the Proto-Slavic root '*dol-*', which is related to concepts of 'fullness' or 'completeness'. Over time, it evolved to signify a state of being full or complete in terms of satisfaction or happiness.
元の意味： Originally, it likely meant 'full' or 'filled up', implying a state of having enough, which naturally leads to contentment.
Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > East Slavic > RussianSummary
Use 'довольный' to express a state of being pleased and content with something specific or a general life situation. Remember to adjust its ending for gender and number.
- Feeling pleased and content.
- Satisfied with a situation or outcome.
- Expresses general happiness.
- Common in everyday Russian.
関連コンテンツ
emotionsの関連語
агрессивный
B1Ready or likely to attack or confront.
беда
B1A serious problem or misfortune.
безумный
B1Acting in a wild or irrational way.
беречь
B1何かを大切に守る、あるいは保存すること。
беспокоить
B1誰かを邪魔したり、心配させたりすること。
беспокоиться
B1何かや誰かについて心配すること。
беспокойство
B1A state of anxiety or worry.
благодарный
B1Feeling or showing gratitude
близость
B1空間的、時間的、または関係的な近さ。
бояться
A2何かや誰かを怖がる。
