B2 noun ニュートラル

samvete

/ˈsamˌveːtɛ/
メモとヒント

よく使う組み合わせ

gott samvete
dåligt samvete
rent samvete
samvetsfråga

使い方

'Samvete' is a singular noun, generally used in a straightforward manner. Common phrases include 'dåligt samvete' (bad conscience/guilt) and 'gott samvete' (good conscience/clear conscience). For example, 'Jag har dåligt samvete för att jag åt den sista kakan' (I have a bad conscience because I ate the last cookie). Another common expression is 'ha rent samvete' (to have a clear conscience), meaning one has nothing to feel guilty about. It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'mitt samvete tvingar mig att agera' (my conscience compels me to act). It’s rarely pluralized in everyday language. While 'moralisk känsla' (moral sense) is a direct translation, 'samvete' is more frequently used and encompasses a broader, more personal ethical dimension in Swedish speech.

よくある間違い

A common mistake is mispronouncing the 'e' at the end; it should be a soft 'eh' sound, almost like the 'a' in 'sofa'. Another common error for English speakers is to over-emphasize the 'v', which is softer in Swedish, more like a 'w' sound. Also, ensure the stress is on the first syllable: SAM-veh-te. Sometimes, non-native speakers might confuse it with similar-sounding words or concepts related to 'samvaro' (togetherness) or 'sammanfatta' (summarize) due to the 'sam-' prefix, but the 'vete' part distinctly refers to the moral aspect.

語源

Old Swedish 'samvithe', from Middle Low German 'samweten' (literally 'co-knowing' or 'knowing with oneself'). Related to German 'Gewissen' and Dutch 'geweten'. The prefix 'sam-' means 'together' or 'co-', and '-vete' relates to 'veta' (to know).

文化的な背景

In Swedish culture, 'samvete' (conscience) holds significant weight, deeply intertwined with Lutheran ethics that historically shaped societal norms. The concept emphasizes personal responsibility, moral reflection, and an inner compass guiding right from wrong. It's often linked to themes of guilt, duty, and integrity. Swedes tend to value honesty and transparency, and a strong 'samvete' is seen as a cornerstone of a trustworthy individual. Discussions around 'samvete' can appear in various contexts, from personal dilemmas to public discourse on ethical policies, reflecting a societal inclination towards moral introspection and accountability. It's less about external religious adherence and more about an internalized sense of moral obligation that contributes to the collective good and individual peace of mind.

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a 'sum' (sam) of 'vet' (knowledge) guiding your inner thoughts, representing your conscience.

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