At the A1 level, 'kapsamlı' might be a bit difficult. Think of it as 'very big' or 'full'. When a book has many pages and tells you everything about a topic, it is 'kapsamlı'. You don't need to use it yet, but you might see it in titles of big dictionaries or textbooks. Just remember: Kapsamlı = Full of information. It is like a suitcase that has everything you need for a long trip. If you see this word, it means the thing is not small or simple; it is detailed and has many parts.
At A2, you can start using 'kapsamlı' to describe your studies or projects. Instead of just saying 'büyük ödev' (big homework), you can say 'kapsamlı bir ödev' (a comprehensive homework). This shows you are learning more specific words. It is used for things that cover a lot of ground. For example, a 'kapsamlı temizlik' is a big house cleaning where you clean every room, not just the living room. It comes from 'kapsamak' (to include). So, if a plan includes many steps, it is 'kapsamlı'.
As a B1 learner, 'kapsamlı' should become part of your active vocabulary. You should use it to describe reports, research, and plans. It is a key word for the workplace and university. It means 'comprehensive'. It implies that you have done a thorough job and haven't missed any important details. You will often use it with the word 'bir' (a/an) in the middle: 'kapsamlı bir liste' (a comprehensive list). It is more professional than 'detaylı' (detailed) when you want to talk about the total scope of something.
At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between 'kapsamlı' and its synonyms like 'geniş çaplı' or 'ayrıntılı'. You use 'kapsamlı' to describe systemic things: 'kapsamlı bir reform' (a comprehensive reform) or 'kapsamlı bir analiz' (a comprehensive analysis). You should also be comfortable using it in the adverbial form 'kapsamlı bir şekilde' (comprehensively). At this level, you recognize that 'kapsamlı' refers to the boundaries of a subject—it means that the boundaries are wide enough to include everything relevant.
For C1 learners, 'kapsamlı' is a tool for precision. You use it to contrast with 'yüzeysel' (superficial) or 'dar kapsamlı' (narrow-scoped). You might use it in academic discussions to critique a source: 'Bu çalışma kapsamlı olsa da, metodolojik hatalar içeriyor' (Although this study is comprehensive, it contains methodological errors). You also understand its relationship to the root 'kap' (container/vessel) and how it functions in legal and official Turkish to define the limits of a law or a contract.
At the C2 level, 'kapsamlı' is used with total mastery of register. You can use it in high-level political analysis or complex scientific discourse. You might pair it with archaic synonyms like 'şümullü' for stylistic effect or use it to describe abstract philosophical frameworks. You understand the subtle difference between 'kapsamlı' (content-focused) and 'kapsayıcı' (socially/holistically focused). Your usage of the word reflects an understanding of its etymological depth and its role in constructing formal Turkish rhetoric.

kapsamlı 30秒で

  • Kapsamlı means 'comprehensive' or 'extensive' in Turkish.
  • It is derived from the verb 'kapsamak', which means to include or encompass.
  • It is a B1 level adjective used frequently in professional and academic settings.
  • It differs from 'ayrıntılı' (detailed) by focusing more on the total scope rather than just the depth.

The Turkish word kapsamlı is an essential adjective for intermediate learners, primarily used to describe things that are wide-ranging, thorough, and all-encompassing. At its core, it translates to comprehensive or extensive. It is derived from the noun kapsam (scope or coverage), which itself comes from the verb kapsamak (to include, to cover, or to encompass). When you use kapsamlı, you are signaling that something is not just surface-level; it reaches into every corner and addresses every detail of a particular subject. It is the opposite of yüzeysel (superficial) or dar (narrow).

Professional Usage
In business and academic environments, this word is a staple. You will hear about kapsamlı raporlar (comprehensive reports) or kapsamlı araştırmalar (extensive research). It implies a level of professional rigor and completeness.

Şirketimiz pazar hakkında kapsamlı bir analiz hazırladı.

Daily Life Context
In daily life, it might describe a thorough cleaning of a house (kapsamlı bir temizlik) or a detailed explanation someone gives you during a confusing situation.

Linguistically, the suffix -lı is an adjective-making suffix that indicates 'having' or 'containing'. Therefore, kapsamlı literally means 'having a scope'. This makes it very flexible. It can describe abstract concepts like a 'plan' or 'strategy', as well as concrete things like a 'book' or 'dictionary'. In the media, you will frequently see it in headlines regarding government reforms or international agreements, where the details are numerous and significant. Understanding this word allows you to move beyond basic adjectives like 'iyi' (good) or 'büyük' (big) and express a specific type of quality related to depth and breadth. It is a hallmark of the B1 level because it requires understanding how Turkish builds conceptual adjectives from functional roots.

Bu sınav, tüm dönemi kapsayan kapsamlı bir testtir.

Synonym Nuance
While 'ayrıntılı' means 'detailed', 'kapsamlı' is broader. A report can be detailed (focusing on small things) without being comprehensive (covering all topics). 'Kapsamlı' ensures nothing is left out of the boundary.

Using kapsamlı correctly involves placing it before the noun it modifies, as is standard for Turkish adjectives. However, its power lies in the nouns it pairs with. Because it suggests a 'total' or 'complete' nature, it is often found in sentences that describe intellectual work, physical processes, or systemic changes. Let's look at how to construct these sentences effectively across different registers.

Doktor, hastaya kapsamlı bir muayene yaptı.

In the sentence above, the use of kapsamlı tells us the doctor didn't just look at one symptom; they checked everything. If you were to replace it with genel (general), the meaning would change to a standard check-up. Kapsamlı implies intensity and thoroughness. When you want to emphasize that a task was done with great care for all its parts, this is your go-to word.

The 'Bir' Placement
In Turkish, the indefinite article 'bir' usually comes between the adjective and the noun. Example: Kapsamlı bir çalışma (A comprehensive study). Putting 'bir' before the adjective (Bir kapsamlı çalışma) is less common and usually emphasizes the 'oneness' rather than the quality.

Consider its use in negative or comparative contexts. You might say, 'Bu plan yeterince kapsamlı değil' (This plan is not comprehensive enough). Here, the word acts as a benchmark for quality. In comparisons, you can use daha (more) or en (most): 'Daha kapsamlı bir çözüm bulmalıyız' (We must find a more comprehensive solution). This shows that 'comprehensiveness' is a scale. Some things are more all-encompassing than others. In academic writing, you will often see it paired with verbs like sunmak (to present) or ele almak (to handle/deal with), such as 'Bu makale konuyu kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alıyor' (This article deals with the subject in a comprehensive manner).

Yeni yasalar, çevre kirliliğine karşı kapsamlı önlemler içeriyor.

Adverbial Usage
By adding 'bir şekilde' (in a ... way), you turn the adjective into an adverb. Kapsamlı bir şekilde means 'comprehensively'. Use this to describe how an action is performed.

If you turn on a Turkish news channel like NTV or Habertürk, you are almost guaranteed to hear kapsamlı within the first thirty minutes. It is a favorite of news anchors and politicians. They use it to give weight to their statements. Instead of saying they are making a 'change', they say they are making a kapsamlı bir reform (comprehensive reform). This sounds more serious, more planned, and more impressive to the public. It suggests that the change isn't just a small fix, but a total overhaul.

Hükümet, ekonomi alanında kapsamlı paketler açıklamaya devam ediyor.

In the corporate world of Istanbul or Ankara, kapsamlı is the language of the boardroom. During a performance review, a manager might say, 'Geçen yılki performansınız üzerine kapsamlı bir değerlendirme yaptık' (We did a comprehensive evaluation of your last year's performance). In this context, it reassures the employee (or warns them) that every aspect of their work was looked at. It is also very common in the insurance and legal sectors. An insurance policy might be described as kapsamlı sigorta, which is the Turkish equivalent of 'comprehensive insurance' or 'full coverage'.

Academic Lectures
University professors use this word to describe the scope of their courses or the literature they expect students to read. 'Bu ders, Türk tarihinin kapsamlı bir özetidir' (This course is a comprehensive summary of Turkish history).

In social settings, you might hear it when someone is telling a very long and detailed story. A friend might preface their story by saying, 'Bu olay çok kapsamlı, anlatması uzun sürer' (This event is very complex/comprehensive, it takes a long time to tell). Here, it's used slightly more informally to mean 'complicated' or 'having many layers'. Even in technology, software updates are often described as kapsamlı güncelleme, indicating that many bugs were fixed and many features were added. It is a word that bridges the gap between formal 'officialese' and descriptive everyday speech.

Yeni telefon güncellemesi kapsamlı yenilikler getiriyor.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing kapsamlı with its root noun kapsam or the verb kapsamak. Remember that kapsamlı is the adjective. You cannot say 'Bu raporun kapsamlısı çok' to mean 'The scope of this report is large'. Instead, you should say 'Bu raporun kapsamı çok geniş'. The adjective modifies the noun directly, while the noun kapsam is used to discuss the boundary itself.

Kapsamlı vs. Kapalı
Beginners often confuse these two because they both start with 'kap-'. However, kapalı means 'closed'. Saying 'Kapalı bir araştırma' means a 'closed research' (perhaps secret), whereas 'Kapsamlı bir araştırma' means a 'comprehensive research'. Don't let the shared root confuse you!

Yanlış: Bu kapsama bir kitap. (This is a coverage book.)
Doğru: Bu kapsamlı bir kitap. (This is a comprehensive book.)

Another mistake is using kapsamlı when you actually mean büyük (big) or uzun (long). While a comprehensive report is often long, the word kapsamlı specifically refers to the breadth of content, not the physical size or time duration. A three-page document can be kapsamlı if it covers every necessary point concisely. Conversely, a 100-page document might not be kapsamlı if it only talks about one narrow topic. Use the word only when you want to emphasize the 'completeness' of the information.

Finally, watch out for the suffix -lı vs -lık. Kapsamlı is an adjective (comprehensive), but kapsamlılık (comprehensiveness) is the abstract noun. Learners sometimes use the noun where the adjective should be. Always check if you are describing a thing (use kapsamlı) or talking about the quality of being comprehensive (use kapsamlılık).

Confusion with 'Detaylı'
While often interchangeable, 'detaylı' focuses on the depth of one point, whereas 'kapsamlı' focuses on covering many points. If you want to say you did a 'deep dive', 'detaylı' is better. If you want to say you 'covered all bases', 'kapsamlı' is the winner.

Turkish is rich with synonyms that can replace kapsamlı depending on the context and the level of formality you wish to achieve. Understanding these nuances will make your Turkish sound more natural and sophisticated.

Ayrıntılı / Detaylı
These mean 'detailed'. While kapsamlı suggests a wide horizontal reach (covering many topics), ayrıntılı suggests vertical depth (going deep into one topic). They are often used together: 'Kapsamlı ve ayrıntılı bir rapor' (A comprehensive and detailed report).
Geniş Çaplı
Literally 'wide-scaled'. This is a very common alternative in news reports, especially for events like police operations (geniş çaplı operasyon) or protests. It emphasizes the physical or social scale more than the intellectual completeness.
Şümullü
This is an older, Ottoman-rooted word. You will mostly encounter it in legal texts or very old academic books. It is the direct equivalent of 'comprehensive' but sounds very formal and somewhat archaic today.

Polis, şehir genelinde geniş çaplı bir araştırma başlattı.

Another interesting alternative is bütünsel (holistic). While kapsamlı looks at the parts to ensure they are all there, bütünsel looks at the whole as a single unit. If you are talking about a treatment plan in medicine, bütünsel yaklaşım (holistic approach) is common. If you are talking about the tests involved in that treatment, kapsamlı testler (comprehensive tests) is more appropriate.

Lastly, consider kapsayıcı (inclusive). Though sharing the same root, kapsayıcı is usually used in social contexts, like kapsayıcı eğitim (inclusive education), meaning education that includes everyone regardless of their background. Kapsamlı describes the content, while kapsayıcı describes the reach or the nature of the inclusion. Choosing between these words shows a high level of Turkish proficiency.

豆知識

The root 'kap' is also found in the word 'kapı' (door) and 'kaplan' (tiger - 'the seizer'). It suggests the idea of a boundary or a grip.

発音ガイド

UK /kɑp.sɑm.ˈɫɯ/
US /kɑp.sɑm.ˈɫə/
The stress is typically on the final syllable: kap-sam-Lı.
韻が合う語
şamlı namlı gamlı camlı damlı atamlı yaşamlı akşamlı
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing the final 'ı' as 'i' (ee).
  • Softening the 'k' too much.
  • Putting stress on the first syllable 'KAP-sam-lı'.

レベル別の例文

1

Bu çok kapsamlı bir kitap.

This is a very comprehensive book.

Basic adjective-noun placement.

2

Kapsamlı bir sözlük aldım.

I bought a comprehensive dictionary.

Indefinite article 'bir' between adjective and noun.

3

Okulda kapsamlı bir ders var.

There is a comprehensive lesson at school.

Using 'var' (there is) with an adjective phrase.

4

Bu liste çok kapsamlı.

This list is very comprehensive.

Adjective used as a predicate.

5

Kapsamlı bir çanta hazırladım.

I prepared a comprehensive bag (packed everything).

Metaphorical use for 'full/complete'.

6

Doktor kapsamlı bir kontrol yaptı.

The doctor did a comprehensive check.

Simple past tense 'yaptı'.

7

Bize kapsamlı bir harita lazım.

We need a comprehensive map.

Use of 'lazım' (needed).

8

Kapsamlı bir kahvaltı ettik.

We had a comprehensive breakfast (full spread).

Colloquial use for 'big/full'.

1

Hafta sonu kapsamlı bir temizlik yapacağım.

I will do a comprehensive cleaning this weekend.

Future tense suffix '-acağım'.

2

Öğretmen kapsamlı bir ödev verdi.

The teacher gave a comprehensive assignment.

Standard subject-object-verb order.

3

Şehirde kapsamlı bir tur attık.

We took a comprehensive tour of the city.

Compound verb 'tur atmak'.

4

Bu film kapsamlı bir hikaye anlatıyor.

This movie tells a comprehensive story.

Present continuous '-iyor'.

5

Yeni telefonun kapsamlı bir kılavuzu var.

The new phone has a comprehensive manual.

Possessive construction 'telefonun kılavuzu'.

6

Kapsamlı bir araştırma yapmamız gerekiyor.

We need to do a comprehensive research.

Infinitive with 'gerekiyor'.

7

Dün kapsamlı bir toplantı yaptık.

We had a comprehensive meeting yesterday.

Past tense 'yaptık'.

8

Kapsamlı bir yemek menüsü hazırladılar.

They prepared a comprehensive food menu.

Plural verb ending '-lar'.

1

Şirket, kapsamlı bir pazar araştırması başlattı.

The company started a comprehensive market research.

Noun compound 'pazar araştırması'.

2

Bu rapor, projenin tüm aşamalarını kapsamlı bir şekilde açıklıyor.

This report explains all stages of the project in a comprehensive way.

Adverbial phrase 'bir şekilde'.

3

Kapsamlı bir eğitim programına katıldım.

I participated in a comprehensive training program.

Dative case '-a' after 'katılmak'.

4

Yeni yasa, kapsamlı değişiklikler getiriyor.

The new law brings comprehensive changes.

Plural noun 'değişiklikler'.

5

Sorunu çözmek için kapsamlı bir plan yapmalıyız.

We must make a comprehensive plan to solve the problem.

Necessitative mood '-malıyız'.

6

Bu kitap, Osmanlı tarihini kapsamlı olarak ele alıyor.

This book treats Ottoman history comprehensively.

Adverbial suffix '-olarak'.

7

Kapsamlı bir sigorta poliçesi seçtim.

I chose a comprehensive insurance policy.

Specific noun phrase 'sigorta poliçesi'.

8

Müze, kapsamlı bir restorasyon sürecinden geçti.

The museum went through a comprehensive restoration process.

Ablative case '-den' with 'geçmek'.

1

Hükümet, vergi sisteminde kapsamlı bir reform yapmayı planlıyor.

The government plans to make a comprehensive reform in the tax system.

Gerund 'yapmayı' as an object.

2

Kapsamlı bir analiz yapmadan karar vermemeliyiz.

We should not decide without doing a comprehensive analysis.

Negative 'madan' (without doing).

3

Bu çalışma, konunun kapsamlı bir değerlendirmesini sunuyor.

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the subject.

Possessive 'konunun değerlendirmesi'.

4

Yazar, son kitabında kapsamlı bir toplumsal eleştiri yapıyor.

The author makes a comprehensive social critique in his latest book.

Locative 'kitabında'.

5

Kapsamlı bir iş birliği protokolü imzalandı.

A comprehensive cooperation protocol was signed.

Passive voice 'imzalandı'.

6

Şirket, kapsamlı bir dijital dönüşüm sürecine girdi.

The company entered a comprehensive digital transformation process.

Noun compound 'dijital dönüşüm süreci'.

7

Bu kurs, kapsamlı bir müfredata sahip.

This course has a comprehensive curriculum.

Structure '...-a sahip' (has ...).

8

Kapsamlı bir güvenlik soruşturması yürütülüyor.

A comprehensive security investigation is being conducted.

Passive present continuous 'yürütülüyor'.

1

Makale, kuantum fiziği üzerine kapsamlı bir literatür taraması içeriyor.

The article contains a comprehensive literature review on quantum physics.

Academic term 'literatür taraması'.

2

Kapsamlı bir perspektiften bakıldığında, durumun ciddiyeti anlaşılıyor.

When viewed from a comprehensive perspective, the seriousness of the situation is understood.

Passive 'bakıldığında' (when looked at).

3

Proje, kapsamlı bir risk yönetimi stratejisi gerektiriyor.

The project requires a comprehensive risk management strategy.

Complex noun compound.

4

Kapsamlı bir teorik çerçeve oluşturmak zaman alır.

Creating a comprehensive theoretical framework takes time.

Subject 'çerçeve oluşturmak'.

5

Bu rapor, iklim değişikliğinin kapsamlı bir bilançosunu çıkarıyor.

This report draws a comprehensive balance sheet of climate change.

Idiom 'bilançosunu çıkarmak'.

6

Kapsamlı bir dil eğitimi, sadece grameri değil, kültürü de kapsar.

A comprehensive language education covers not only grammar but also culture.

Correlative conjunction 'sadece ... değil, ... de'.

7

Şirketin kapsamlı bir yeniden yapılanma sürecine ihtiyacı var.

The company needs a comprehensive restructuring process.

Possessive + postposition 'ihtiyacı var'.

8

Kapsamlı bir veri analizi sonucunda ilginç bulgulara ulaşıldı.

Interesting findings were reached as a result of a comprehensive data analysis.

Passive 'ulaşıldı'.

1

Eser, dönemin ruhunu yansıtan kapsamlı bir panoramik bakış sunuyor.

The work offers a comprehensive panoramic view reflecting the spirit of the era.

Participle 'yansıtan' (reflecting).

2

Kapsamlı bir felsefi doktrin inşa etmek, ömür boyu süren bir çabadır.

Constructing a comprehensive philosophical doctrine is a lifelong effort.

Infinitive phrase as subject.

3

Hükümetin kapsamlı bir sosyal adalet vizyonu geliştirmesi bekleniyor.

The government is expected to develop a comprehensive vision of social justice.

Subordinate clause with '-mesi'.

4

Bu kapsamlı monografi, yazarın tüm külliyatını titizlikle inceliyor.

This comprehensive monograph meticulously examines the author's entire corpus.

Adverb 'titizlikle'.

5

Kapsamlı bir ekosistem analizi, tüm biyotik ve abiyotik faktörleri içermelidir.

A comprehensive ecosystem analysis should include all biotic and abiotic factors.

Scientific terminology.

6

Anayasa Mahkemesi, kapsamlı bir gerekçeli karar yayımladı.

The Constitutional Court published a comprehensive reasoned decision.

Legal term 'gerekçeli karar'.

7

Kapsamlı bir tarihsel diyalektik anlayışı, toplumsal dönüşümü açıklar.

A comprehensive understanding of historical dialectics explains social transformation.

Abstract academic language.

8

Şehrin kapsamlı bir kentsel dönüşüm projesine tabi tutulması planlanıyor.

The city is planned to be subjected to a comprehensive urban transformation project.

Passive structure 'tabi tutulması'.

よく使う組み合わせ

kapsamlı rapor
kapsamlı araştırma
kapsamlı temizlik
kapsamlı sigorta
kapsamlı reform
kapsamlı analiz
kapsamlı eğitim
kapsamlı inceleme
kapsamlı sözlük
kapsamlı değişiklik

よく使うフレーズ

en kapsamlı şekilde

— In the most comprehensive way possible.

Konuyu en kapsamlı şekilde anlattı.

kapsamlı bir bakış

— A comprehensive look or overview.

Projeye kapsamlı bir bakış açısı getirdi.

kapsamlı bir liste

— A comprehensive list of items.

İhtiyaçlar için kapsamlı bir liste hazırladık.

kapsamlı bir çalışma

— A comprehensive study or work.

Bu, yıllar süren kapsamlı bir çalışmadır.

kapsamlı bir test

— A comprehensive test or exam.

Öğrenciler kapsamlı bir testten geçtiler.

kapsamlı bir çözüm

— A comprehensive solution to a problem.

Geçici değil, kapsamlı bir çözüm arıyoruz.

kapsamlı bir yardım

— A comprehensive aid or assistance.

Depremzedelere kapsamlı bir yardım paketi sunuldu.

kapsamlı bir mülakat

— A comprehensive interview.

Adaylarla kapsamlı bir mülakat yapıldı.

kapsamlı bir menü

— A comprehensive menu (food).

Restoranın kapsamlı bir şarap menüsü var.

kapsamlı bir kütüphane

— A comprehensive library.

Üniversitenin kapsamlı bir kütüphanesi bulunuyor.

慣用句と表現

"iğneden ipliğe kapsamlı"

— Comprehensive from needle to thread (covering every tiny detail).

Evi iğneden ipliğe kapsamlı bir şekilde aradılar.

Informal
"tepeden tırnağa kapsamlı"

— Comprehensive from head to toe (total/complete).

Tepeden tırnağa kapsamlı bir muayene oldu.

Neutral
"enine boyuna kapsamlı"

— In length and width (thoroughly/comprehensively).

Meseleyi enine boyuna kapsamlıca tartıştık.

Neutral
"dört dörtlük kapsamlı"

— Perfect and comprehensive.

Dört dörtlük kapsamlı bir organizasyondu.

Informal
"kapsamlı bir el atmak"

— To take a comprehensive hand in something (to handle it fully).

Bahçeye kapsamlı bir el atmak lazım.

Colloquial
"ucu bucağı olmayan kapsamlılık"

— Endless comprehensiveness.

Konunun ucu bucağı olmayan kapsamlılığı bizi yordu.

Literary
"kılı kırk yaran kapsamlılık"

— Meticulous and comprehensive (splitting a hair into forty).

Kılı kırk yaran kapsamlı bir rapor hazırlamış.

Neutral
"baştan aşağı kapsamlı"

— Comprehensive from top to bottom.

Sistem baştan aşağı kapsamlı bir şekilde yenilendi.

Neutral
"her şeyi kapsayan"

— All-encompassing (literal synonym used idiomatically).

Her şeyi kapsayan kapsamlı bir sözleşme bu.

Neutral
"derinlemesine ve kapsamlı"

— In-depth and comprehensive.

Derinlemesine ve kapsamlı bir analiz sundu.

Formal

語族

名詞

kapsam (scope)
kapsama (coverage)
kapsamlılık (comprehensiveness)

動詞

kapsamak (to include/encompass)

形容詞

kapsamlı (comprehensive)
kapsayıcı (inclusive)
kapsanmış (included/covered)

関連

içerik
alan
sınır
detay
bütün

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'CAP' (kap) that covers your whole head. A 'KAPSAMlı' report covers the whole subject like a cap covers a head.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant circle drawn around a group of objects. Everything inside the circle is part of the 'kapsamlı' (comprehensive) group.

Word Web

Kapsam Kapsamak Kapsamlı Kapsayıcı Rapor Plan Analiz Geniş

チャレンジ

Try to describe your favorite book using 'kapsamlı'. Why is it comprehensive? Does it cover many characters or a long history?

語源

The word is of Turkic origin, derived from the root 'kap-'. This root historically means to close, cover, or seize. In modern Turkish, it evolved into 'kapsamak' (to include/contain).

元の意味: The original sense of 'kapsam' was the act of containing or the area contained within a boundary.

Turkic

文化的な背景

There are no major sensitivities, but using 'kapsamlı' for very trivial things (like a 'kapsamlı glass of water') would sound sarcastic or overly dramatic.

English speakers often use 'comprehensive' in insurance (comprehensive coverage). Turkish uses 'kapsamlı sigorta' in the exact same way.

Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK) uses 'kapsamlı' to describe its most authoritative dictionaries. The 'Kapsamlı Ortak Eylem Planı' is the Turkish name for the JCPOA (Iran Nuclear Deal). Academic papers in Turkey often start with 'Kapsamlı bir giriş...' (A comprehensive introduction...).
役に立った?
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう!