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A1 verb 8分で読める

konuşmak

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解説 konuşmak in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'konuşmak' is one of the first verbs you learn. You use it to express your ability to speak a language (e.g., 'Türkçe konuşuyorum') or to ask someone else to speak slowly ('Yavaş konuşun'). It is primarily used in the present continuous tense ('-yor') to describe what you are doing right now. You learn that it connects to people using the suffix '-le' (with). The focus is on basic needs: talking on the phone, asking for help, or stating which languages you know. It's about the physical act and the simple social connection.
At A2, you start using 'konuşmak' in the past ('konuştum') and future ('konuşacağım') tenses. You begin to understand its use in social contexts, like 'arkadaşımla konuştum' (I talked with my friend). You also learn the imperative forms to give directions or requests ('Benimle konuş!', 'Burada konuşma!'). You might start to see it in simple compound structures and understand that it can mean 'to have a conversation' rather than just 'to utter words'. You also learn the negative form ('konuşmuyorum') to express that you aren't speaking or don't want to talk.
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By B1, you use 'konuşmak' in more complex grammatical structures, such as using it as a noun ('konuşma' - speech/talking). You understand the difference between 'konuşmak' and 'sohbet etmek' (to chat). You can talk about topics of conversation using 'hakkında' (about). You also start to encounter common idioms like 'ağzı olan konuşuyor' (everyone who has a mouth speaks/everyone has an opinion). You can describe how someone speaks using adverbs ('akıcı konuşuyor' - he speaks fluently). You also use the ability mood 'konuşabiliyorum' more naturally.
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At the B2 level, you use 'konuşmak' to describe professional interactions and negotiations. You understand subtle nuances, such as 'konuşup anlaşmak' (to talk and reach an agreement). You can use the verb in various subordinate clauses ('Konuştuğumuz konu...' - The subject we spoke about...). You also recognize the use of 'konuşmak' in media and literature, where it might be used figuratively. You are comfortable using it in the passive voice ('konuşuluyor' - it is being talked about) to describe rumors or general public opinion.
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At C1, you master the rhetorical and formal uses of 'konuşmak'. You can analyze a 'konuşma' (speech) for its tone and register. You understand and use complex idioms like 'konuşmaya değmez' (not worth talking about) or 'büyük konuşmak' (to boast/talk big). You can use the verb to discuss abstract concepts and participate in high-level debates. You are aware of the historical etymology and how the word functions in different Turkish dialects. Your use of the word is precise, choosing it over synonyms like 'beyan etmek' or 'ifade etmek' only when the conversational aspect is key.
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At the C2 level, 'konuşmak' is a tool for stylistic expression. You use it with total native-like fluency, including its most obscure idiomatic forms and cultural references. You can use it to critique linguistics or the philosophy of communication. You understand the nuances of silence versus speaking in Turkish literature (e.g., the works of Orhan Pamuk). You can effortlessly switch between the slang, standard, and academic registers of the word. You use it to navigate the most complex social hierarchies in Turkey, knowing exactly when 'konuşmak' implies authority, submission, or equality.
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練習する 例文 メモとヒント

konuşmak 30秒で

  • Konuşmak is the primary Turkish verb for 'to speak' or 'to talk'.
  • It requires the '-le/-la' suffix (with) when referring to a conversation partner.
  • It is used for language proficiency, casual chatting, and formal speeches alike.
  • It is a regular verb following standard Turkish conjugation and vowel harmony.

The Turkish verb konuşmak is a cornerstone of the language, primarily meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. At its most basic level, it describes the act of producing vocal sounds to communicate. However, in Turkish culture, 'konuşmak' carries a weight of social connection that often goes beyond the mere exchange of information. It is the bridge between strangers and the glue of friendships. Whether you are at a bustling bazaar in Istanbul or a quiet tea house in Anatolia, you will hear this word constantly. It is used for formal speeches, casual chats, and even the abstract idea of 'speaking' a language.

Literal Communication
The physical act of articulating words. Example: 'Bebek konuşmaya başladı' (The baby started to speak).
Social Interaction
Engaging in conversation or 'chatting'. In this context, it often implies a two-way exchange. Example: 'Dün akşam saatlerce konuştuk' (We talked for hours last night).
Linguistic Ability
The proficiency in a specific language. Example: 'Beş dil konuşuyor' (He/She speaks five languages).

Lütfen benimle yavaş konuşur musunuz? (Could you please speak slowly with me?)

Beyond the basics, 'konuşmak' can also imply negotiation or 'reaching an agreement'. In a business setting, 'şartları konuşmak' means to discuss terms. In romantic contexts, 'konuşuyoruz' (we are talking) can sometimes be a euphemism for the early stages of dating, similar to the English 'seeing each other' but more focused on the communication aspect. The word is incredibly versatile, adapting to the gravity of the situation—from a child's first word to a diplomat's high-stakes negotiation.

Onunla bu konuyu henüz konuşmadım. (I haven't spoken to him about this subject yet.)

Public Speaking
Delivering a speech or presentation. Example: 'Konferansta bir konuşma yaptı' (He gave a speech at the conference).

Understanding 'konuşmak' is essential because Turkish culture is highly verbal. People value eloquence and direct communication. When someone says 'Biraz konuşalım mı?' (Shall we talk a bit?), it usually signals a desire for a deeper or more serious conversation than just small talk. It is a word that invites connection, resolution, and clarity in all aspects of Turkish life.

Using konuşmak correctly requires an understanding of Turkish verb conjugation and postpositions. Unlike English where you 'talk to' someone, in Turkish, you 'talk with' someone using the suffix -(i)le or the word ile. This reflects a more reciprocal view of communication in the Turkish mindset.

Annemle telefonda konuşuyorum. (I am talking with my mother on the phone.)

The Language Object
When you speak a language, the language name acts as a direct object. Example: 'Türkçe konuşuyorum' (I speak Turkish).
The Topic of Conversation
To talk 'about' something, use the suffix '-hakkında' or the ablative case '-dan/-den' followed by 'bahsetmek' (though 'konuşmak' works with 'hakkında'). Example: 'Tatil hakkında konuştuk' (We talked about the holiday).

The verb can be conjugated into any tense. In the present continuous, it is 'konuşuyorum' (I am speaking). In the past tense, 'konuştum' (I spoke). In the future, 'konuşacağım' (I will speak). It can also take the ability suffix '-ebil/-abil', resulting in 'konuşabilirim' (I can speak). This is particularly useful for learners who want to ask if someone speaks English: 'İngilizce konuşabiliyor musunuz?'

Boş boş konuşma! (Don't talk nonsense! / Don't talk for the sake of talking!)

In formal settings, 'konuşmak' is often replaced by 'hitap etmek' (to address) or 'beyan etmek' (to declare), but 'konuşmak' remains the most common and natural choice for almost 90% of situations. It can also be used figuratively, such as 'Gözler konuşur' (Eyes speak), emphasizing the non-verbal power of communication.

You will hear konuşmak in every corner of Turkish life. In a Turkish household, the phrase 'Hadi gel, biraz konuşalım' (Come on, let's talk a bit) is the precursor to everything from gossip to serious family interventions. In schools, teachers frequently say 'Konuşmayın!' (Don't talk!) to maintain order. On television, news anchors might say 'Bakan bugün mecliste konuştu' (The minister spoke in parliament today).

Kendi kendine konuşuyor. (He/She is talking to him/herself.)

In the digital world, 'konuşmak' is used for voice calls. While 'mesajlaşmak' is for texting, 'konuşmak' implies a voice interaction. If someone says 'Dün akşam Ali ile konuştum,' they likely mean they had a phone call or a face-to-face meeting, rather than just an exchange of texts. In Turkish soap operas (diziler), dramatic confrontations always center around the act of 'konuşmak'—the revealing of secrets or the declaration of love.

In a Turkish bazaar, 'konuşmak' is the essence of bargaining. While 'pazarlık yapmak' is the specific term for haggling, the process involves a lot of 'konuşmak'—building a relationship with the seller before asking for a lower price. If you speak even a little Turkish, you will hear 'Ne güzel Türkçe konuşuyorsunuz!' (How beautifully you speak Turkish!), which is the ultimate compliment for any learner.

Arkamdan konuşmuşlar. (They talked behind my back.)

Finally, in the workplace, 'konuşmak' is used to define meetings and presentations. 'Toplantıda kim konuşacak?' (Who will speak at the meeting?) is a common question. The word is ubiquitous, making it one of the first and most important verbs any student of Turkish should master.

For English speakers, the most frequent mistake when using konuşmak is the prepositional error. In English, we say 'talk TO someone'. Translating this literally into Turkish using the dative case (-e/-a) is incorrect. You must use the comitative/instrumental case (-le/-la).

Incorrect
Ali'ye konuştum. (I spoke TO Ali - Incorrect structure in Turkish)
Correct
Ali'yle konuştum. (I spoke WITH Ali - Correct structure)

Another common error is confusing konuşmak with söylemek (to say/tell) or demek (to say). 'Konuşmak' refers to the general act of conversation or the ability to speak. 'Söylemek' and 'demek' are used when you are reporting specific words or telling someone specific information.

Learners also struggle with the difference between 'konuşmak' and 'sohbet etmek' (to chat). While 'konuşmak' is neutral and can be serious, 'sohbet etmek' is always friendly and informal. Using 'sohbet ettik' suggests a pleasant time spent together, whereas 'konuştuk' might just mean you exchanged necessary information.

Onun hakkında kötü konuşma. (Don't speak badly about him/her.)

Lastly, remember that 'konuşmak' is an intransitive verb in many of its uses, but it takes the language name as a direct object without the accusative case. Forgetting this and adding '-i/-ı/-u/-ü' to the language name makes the sentence sound 'translated' rather than native.

While konuşmak is the general term for speaking, Turkish offers several nuances depending on the context of the communication. Choosing the right alternative can make your Turkish sound much more sophisticated and precise.

Sohbet Etmek
Meaning 'to chat' or 'to have a conversation'. It implies a warm, friendly, and informal exchange. You wouldn't use this for a business meeting or a lecture.
Söylemek / Demek
These mean 'to say' or 'to tell'. Use these when you are quoting someone or conveying a specific piece of information. 'Bana ismini söyledi' (He told me his name).
Bahsetmek
Meaning 'to mention' or 'to talk about'. It takes the ablative case (-dan/-den). 'Havadan bahsettik' (We talked about the weather).
Hitap Etmek
Meaning 'to address' a crowd or 'to appeal to' someone. This is much more formal and used in public speaking or marketing.

Lütfen biraz daha sessiz konuşun. (Please speak a bit more quietly.)

In slang or very informal Turkish, you might hear 'laklak etmek' (to babble/chatter) or 'çene çalmak' (to wag one's tongue). On the other hand, 'mülakat yapmak' is specifically for interviewing. By mastering these alternatives, you move from A1 'basic communication' to B2 'nuanced expression'.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The root 'kon-' is the same one used in 'konak' (mansion/stopping place) and 'konmak' (to perch). Communication was seen as a way to settle or reach a common ground.

発音ガイド

UK /ko.nuʃ.ˈmak/
US /koʊ.nuʃ.ˈmɑk/
Final syllable: ko-nuş-MAK.
韻が合う語
Bakmak Çakmak Akmak Yakmak Takmak Sıkmak Korkmak Susmak
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'ş' as 's'.
  • Pronouncing 'u' as 'uh' (schwa).
  • Putting stress on the first syllable.
  • Making the 'o' sound like 'ow'.
  • Ignoring the hard 'k' at the end.

難易度

読解 1/5

Very easy to recognize in text due to its common root.

ライティング 2/5

Requires knowledge of vowel harmony for conjugation.

スピーキング 2/5

The 'ş' and 'u' sounds need practice for perfect pronunciation.

リスニング 1/5

Distinct sound makes it easy to pick out in conversation.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

Ben Sen Dil Evet Hayır

次に学ぶ

Anlatmak Dinlemek Sormak Cevaplamak Söylemek

上級

Müzakere etmek Tartışmak İstişare etmek Hitabet Retorik

知っておくべき文法

Comitative Case (-le/-la)

Ali ile (Ali'yle) konuşuyorum.

Present Continuous Tense (-yor)

Şu an konuşuyor.

Infinitive as Noun (-mak/-ma)

Konuşmak güzeldir.

Ability Mood (-ebil/-abil)

Türkçe konuşabilirim.

Negative Verb Formation (-ma/-me)

Konuşma!

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レベル別の例文

1

Ben Türkçe konuşuyorum.

I speak Turkish.

Present continuous tense (-yor) used for a general state.

2

O çok hızlı konuşuyor.

He/She speaks very fast.

Adverb 'hızlı' modifies the verb 'konuşuyor'.

3

Lütfen yavaş konuşun.

Please speak slowly.

Formal imperative/request form (-un).

4

Seninle konuşmak istiyorum.

I want to talk with you.

Infinitive form 'konuşmak' used with the auxiliary verb 'istemek'.

5

Bebek henüz konuşmuyor.

The baby is not speaking yet.

Negative present continuous (-muyor).

6

İngilizce konuşuyor musunuz?

Do you speak English?

Interrogative form of the present continuous.

7

Babamla telefonda konuştum.

I spoke with my father on the phone.

Past tense (-tum) and comitative suffix (-la).

8

Öğretmen sınıfta konuşuyor.

The teacher is speaking in the class.

Locative case 'sınıfta' indicating the place of action.

1

Yarın müdürle konuşacağım.

I will speak with the manager tomorrow.

Future tense (-acağım).

2

Dün akşam ne konuştunuz?

What did you talk about last night?

Past tense plural (-tunuz) with interrogative 'ne'.

3

Benimle böyle konuşma!

Don't talk to me like that!

Negative imperative (-ma).

4

Biraz daha yüksek sesle konuşabilir misiniz?

Can you speak a bit louder?

Ability mood (-abilir) in a polite question.

5

Onunla hiç konuşmadım.

I have never spoken with him/her.

Negative past tense (-madım) with 'hiç' (never).

6

Çocuklar bahçede konuşuyorlar.

The children are talking in the garden.

Plural verb agreement (-lar).

7

Doktorla konuşup geliyorum.

I'll talk to the doctor and come back.

Converb (-up) connecting two actions.

8

Hangi dilleri konuşuyorsun?

Which languages do you speak?

Interrogative 'hangi' with plural 'dilleri'.

1

Bu konu hakkında konuşmak istemiyorum.

I don't want to talk about this subject.

Using 'hakkında' for 'about'.

2

O, topluluk önünde çok iyi konuşur.

He speaks very well in front of a crowd.

Aorist tense (-ur) for general habits.

3

Konuşmamı bitirmeme izin verin.

Allow me to finish my speech.

Dative case on the verbal noun 'konuşmamı'.

4

Sürekli kendinden konuşuyor.

He is constantly talking about himself.

Ablative case 'kendinden' used with 'konuşmak'.

5

Onunla konuşmaya çalışıyorum ama dinlemiyor.

I am trying to talk to him, but he isn't listening.

Dative infinitive 'konuşmaya' with 'çalışmak'.

6

Dün çok güzel bir konuşma yaptı.

He gave a very beautiful speech yesterday.

Noun form 'konuşma' meaning 'speech'.

7

Sessiz konuşalım, bebek uyuyor.

Let's speak quietly, the baby is sleeping.

Optative mood (-alım) for 'let's'.

8

Konuşacak bir şeyimiz kalmadı.

We have nothing left to talk about.

Future participle 'konuşacak' as an adjective.

1

Şartları konuşup bir anlaşmaya vardık.

We discussed the terms and reached an agreement.

Serial verbs with '-up'.

2

Bu mesele her yerde konuşuluyor.

This issue is being talked about everywhere.

Passive voice 'konuşuluyor'.

3

Konuştuğumuz her şey aramızda kalsın.

Let everything we talked about stay between us.

Past participle 'konuştuğumuz' as a relative clause.

4

Onunla konuşmanın bir faydası yok.

There is no use in talking to him.

Genitive verbal noun 'konuşmanın'.

5

Başbakan ekonomi üzerine konuştu.

The Prime Minister spoke on the economy.

Using 'üzerine' for 'on/about' a topic.

6

Ağzı olan konuşuyor, kimse iş yapmıyor.

Everyone is talking, but no one is doing the work.

Idiomatic use of the aorist.

7

İngilizceyi ana dili gibi konuşuyor.

He speaks English like a native language.

Accusative 'İngilizceyi' used here for emphasis of the language as a whole.

8

Konuşurken gözlerimin içine bak.

Look into my eyes while speaking.

Adverbial suffix '-urken' (while).

1

Büyük konuşma, sonra pişman olursun.

Don't talk big, you'll regret it later.

Idiom 'büyük konuşmak'.

2

Bu iddialar hakkında konuşmaktan kaçındı.

He avoided speaking about these allegations.

Ablative infinitive 'konuşmaktan' with 'kaçınmak'.

3

Konuşma tarzı oldukça etkileyiciydi.

His style of speaking was quite impressive.

Possessive structure 'konuşma tarzı'.

4

Olayın perde arkasını konuşmalıyız.

We must discuss the behind-the-scenes of the event.

Necessitative mood '-malı'.

5

Sadece konuşmakla kalmadı, harekete de geçti.

He didn't just stop at talking; he also took action.

Structure '-makla kalmamak'.

6

Onunla konuşmak deveye hendek atlatmaktan zor.

Talking to him is harder than making a camel jump a ditch.

Proverbial comparison.

7

Konuşulanlar gerçeği yansıtmıyor.

What is being said does not reflect the truth.

Substantivized passive participle 'konuşulanlar'.

8

Retorik, güzel konuşma sanatıdır.

Rhetoric is the art of speaking well.

Definition using 'konuşma' as a gerund.

1

Dilin kemiği yok ki, herkes dilediğince konuşuyor.

The tongue has no bone, so everyone speaks as they wish.

Proverb about the ease of speaking without thinking.

2

Yazar, eserinde sessizliğin diliyle konuşuyor.

The author speaks with the language of silence in his work.

Metaphorical use of 'konuşmak'.

3

Konuşmaya mecalim kalmadı artık.

I no longer have the strength to speak.

Dative gerund with the noun 'mecal' (strength).

4

Diplomatik bir dille konuşmak ustalık gerektirir.

Speaking with a diplomatic language requires mastery.

Adverbial phrase 'diplomatik bir dille'.

5

Susmak bazen en etkili konuşmaktır.

Silence is sometimes the most effective speaking.

Philosophical paradox.

6

Konuşulanların satır aralarını okumak lazım.

One needs to read between the lines of what is being said.

Complex metaphor involving the passive participle.

7

Toplumun vicdanı adına konuşuyorum.

I am speaking on behalf of the conscience of society.

Formal phrase 'adına' (on behalf of).

8

Onunla konuşmak, dipsiz bir kuyuya taş atmak gibi.

Talking to him is like throwing a stone into a bottomless pit.

Simile for futile communication.

類義語

Sohbet etmek Laf atmak Beyan etmek Hitap etmek Dertleşmek Söyleşmek Gevezelik etmek İfade etmek

反対語

Susmak Sessiz kalmak Dili tutulmak Cevap vermemek

よく使う組み合わせ

Telefonda konuşmak
Yabancı dil konuşmak
Kendi kendine konuşmak
Mantıklı konuşmak
Açık konuşmak
Boş konuşmak
Yüz yüze konuşmak
Arkasından konuşmak
Siyaset konuşmak
Hızlı konuşmak

よく使うフレーズ

Biraz konuşabilir miyiz?

— A polite way to ask for someone's time to discuss something.

Müsait olduğunda biraz konuşabilir miyiz?

Lafı mı olur?

— Don't mention it / It's not even worth talking about (in a helpful sense).

Yardım ettiğin için teşekkürler. - Lafı mı olur?

Konuşmaya gerek yok.

— It's obvious or not worth discussing further.

Her şey ortada, konuşmaya gerek yok.

Ne konuştuğunuzu biliyor musunuz?

— Do you realize what you're saying? (Often a challenge).

Siz ne konuştuğunuzun farkında mısınız?

Söz gümüşse sükut altındır.

— If speaking is silver, silence is gold.

Bazen susmak iyidir; söz gümüşse sükut altındır.

Konuştuğuna pişman olmak.

— To regret what one has said.

O kadar ağır konuştu ki sonra pişman oldu.

Dilim varmıyor konuşmaya.

— I can't bring myself to say it (usually bad news).

Olanları anlatmaya dilim varmıyor.

Konuşa konuşa halletmek.

— To resolve something through dialogue.

Sorunlarımızı konuşa konuşa halletmeliyiz.

Lafı ağzına tıkamak.

— To interrupt someone or silence them abruptly.

Tam itiraz edecekti ki lafı ağzına tıkadılar.

Konuşmaya başlamak.

— To start speaking (can refer to a baby or a specific event).

Toplantıda ilk o konuşmaya başladı.

よく混同される語

konuşmak vs Söylemek

English speakers often use 'konuşmak' when they should use 'söylemek' (to tell/say a specific thing).

konuşmak vs Demek

Demek is used for direct quotes, while konuşmak is for the act of talking.

konuşmak vs Anlatmak

Anlatmak means to explain or tell a story, which is a specific type of speaking.

慣用句と表現

"Ağzı olan konuşuyor"

— Used when people give opinions on things they don't understand.

Kuantum fiziği hakkında ağzı olan konuşuyor.

Informal
"Büyük konuşmak"

— To boast or say you will never do something (often leading to irony).

Asla evlenmem diyerek büyük konuşma.

Neutral
"İki çift laf etmek"

— To have a brief chat or exchange a few words.

Seninle iki çift laf edelim diye geldim.

Informal
"Konuşan Türkiye"

— A political slogan referring to a free and expressive society.

Demokrasinin gereği konuşan Türkiye'dir.

Political
"Lafı ağzından kaçırmak"

— To accidentally reveal a secret.

Sürpriz partiyi lafı ağzımdan kaçırarak bozdum.

Neutral
"Dili çözülmek"

— To suddenly start talking a lot, often after being silent or shy.

İki bardak çaydan sonra dili çözüldü.

Neutral
"Burnundan konuşmak"

— To speak with a nasal voice or to speak grumpily.

Nezle olduğu için burnundan konuşuyor.

Neutral
"Lafı dolandırmak"

— To beat around the bush; not getting to the point.

Lafı dolandırma, sadede gel.

Neutral
"Ağzından bal damlamak"

— To speak very sweetly or give very good news.

Müjdeli haberi verirken ağzından bal damlıyordu.

Idiomatic
"Kulağına küpe olmak"

— To take a piece of advice to heart (often after a talk).

Babamın bu konuşması kulağına küpe olsun.

Neutral

間違えやすい

konuşmak vs Söylemek

Both translate to 'speak/say/tell' in some contexts.

Konuşmak is the act of conversation; söylemek is delivering information.

Bana gerçeği söyle. (Tell me the truth.) vs. Benimle konuş. (Talk with me.)

konuşmak vs Görüşmek

Both can mean 'to talk'.

Görüşmek implies a meeting or an appointment, or 'to see each other' to talk.

Yarın saat ikide görüşelim mi? (Shall we meet/talk tomorrow at two?)

konuşmak vs Tartışmak

Both involve talking.

Tartışmak specifically means to argue or discuss a topic from different angles.

Bu konuyu tartışmak istemiyorum. (I don't want to argue/discuss this subject.)

konuşmak vs Fısıldamak

It's a way of speaking.

Fısıldamak is specifically 'to whisper'.

Kulağına bir şeyler fısıldadı.

konuşmak vs Bağırmak

It's a way of speaking.

Bağırmak is 'to shout' or 'to yell'.

Lütfen bağırmadan konuş.

文型パターン

A1

[Subject] [Language] konuşuyor.

Ben Türkçe konuşuyorum.

A1

[Subject] [Person]-le konuşuyor.

Ayşe annesiyle konuşuyor.

A2

[Subject] [Time] konuşacak.

Biz yarın konuşacağız.

B1

[Subject] [Topic] hakkında konuşuyor.

Onlar siyaset hakkında konuşuyorlar.

B1

[Subject] [Adverb] konuşur.

O çok akıcı konuşur.

B2

[Topic] [Place]-de konuşuluyor.

Yeni yasa mecliste konuşuluyor.

C1

[Subject] [Gerund] konuşmaktan [Verb].

Hata yapmaktan korktuğu için konuşmaktan çekiniyor.

C2

[Metaphorical Subject] konuşuyor.

Gözleri her şeyi konuşuyor.

語族

名詞

Konuşma (Speech/Conversation)
Konuşmacı (Speaker)
Konuşkanlık (Talkativeness)

動詞

Konuşturmak (To make someone speak)
Konuşulmak (To be spoken/discussed)
Konuşuvermek (To speak suddenly/quickly)

形容詞

Konuşkan (Talkative)
Konuşan (Speaking/Talking)
Konuşulur (Speakable/Discussable)

関連

Söz (Word/Promise)
Laf (Talk/Word)
Dil (Language/Tongue)
Ses (Voice/Sound)
Anlatım (Expression)
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使い方

frequency

Extremely frequent; among the top 50 verbs used in daily Turkish.

よくある間違い
  • Ali'ye konuşuyorum. → Ali'yle konuşuyorum.

    You must use the comitative case (-le) for the person you are speaking with.

  • Türkçeyi konuşuyorum. → Türkçe konuşuyorum.

    Languages usually don't take the accusative case with 'konuşmak'.

  • Bana konuş. → Benimle konuş.

    'Talk to me' in Turkish is literally 'Talk with me'.

  • Hızlıca konuşuyor. → Hızlı konuşuyor.

    While 'hızlıca' is a word, 'hızlı' is the more common adverb for 'fast' in this context.

  • Konuşma yaptım (for a casual chat). → Konuştum.

    'Konuşma yapmak' sounds like giving a formal speech. For a simple talk, just use the verb.

ヒント

Language Names

When using 'konuşmak' with languages, do not add any case endings to the language name. Say 'Almanca konuşuyorum', not 'Almancayı konuşuyorum'.

The 'With' Rule

Always use '-le/-la' (with) for the person you are talking to. It emphasizes the reciprocal nature of conversation in Turkish culture.

Soft 'Ş'

The 'ş' in 'konuşmak' is soft. Don't let it sound like an 's'. Practice by saying 'shoe' and then applying that 'sh' to 'konuşmak'.

Büyük Konuşma

Avoid 'büyük konuşmak' (talking big). Turks are often superstitious about boasting, fearing it might bring bad luck or irony.

On the Phone

Use 'Telefonda konuşmak' for phone calls. It's the standard phrase for being on a call.

Akıcı Konuşmak

If you want to say someone is fluent, use 'akıcı' (fluent/flowing). 'Akıcı Türkçe konuşuyor' sounds very natural.

Don't Confuse with 'Söyle'

If you want someone to tell you a secret, say 'Söyle'. If you want them to have a chat, say 'Konuş'.

Verbal Nouns

The noun form 'konuşma' is used for everything from 'a lecture' to 'the act of talking'. Pay attention to the context.

Vowel Harmony

Notice how the suffixes change based on 'u' and 'a' in 'konuşmak'. This is a great word to practice 4-way vowel harmony.

Tea and Talk

In Turkey, 'konuşmak' and 'çay' go hand in hand. If someone invites you for tea, they are inviting you to 'konuşmak'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a group of people at a 'CON' (convention) who 'PUSH' (uş) their ideas through a 'MACK' (mak) truck microphone. CON-USH-MAK.

視覚的連想

Visualize a speech bubble with a 'KNOCK' (kon) sound inside, representing the impact of speaking.

Word Web

Dil Ses Sohbet Anlatmak Dinlemek Soru Cevap İnsan

チャレンジ

Try to use 'konuşmak' in three different tenses (past, present, future) before the end of the day.

語源

Derived from the Old Turkic root 'kon-' which meant to settle, place, or alight. The reciprocal suffix '-uş' was added to imply a mutual settling or 'settling things together' through words.

元の意味： To settle together / To converse.

Turkic

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'konuşmak' in the imperative ('Konuş!') as it can sound like an interrogation in certain contexts.

In English, 'talking' can be one-sided, but 'konuşmak' in Turkish strongly implies a shared activity, similar to 'conversing'.

The phrase 'Konuşan Türkiye' (A Speaking Turkey) was a major political theme in the 1990s. The movie 'Gözümün Nuru' features heavy themes of communication and 'konuşmak'. Many Turkish folk songs (Türkü) use 'konuşmak' to describe lovers communicating through nature.

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実際の使用場面

Language Learning

  • Türkçe konuşuyor musunuz?
  • Az konuşuyorum.
  • Daha yavaş konuşur musunuz?
  • Pratik yapmak için konuşalım.

Social Gatherings

  • Nelerden konuşuyorsunuz?
  • Biraz sohbet edelim.
  • Onunla hiç konuşmadım.
  • Eskilerden konuştuk.

Business

  • Maaş konusunu konuşmalıyız.
  • Toplantıda kim konuştu?
  • Şartları konuştuk.
  • Projeyi konuşalım.

Customer Service

  • Müşteri temsilcisiyle konuşmak istiyorum.
  • Yetkili biriyle konuşabilir miyim?
  • Sorunu telefonda konuştuk.
  • Lütfen kibar konuşun.

Conflict

  • Benimle bu tonda konuşma.
  • Arkamdan konuşma.
  • Açık konuşalım.
  • Konuşacak bir şey yok.

会話のきっかけ

"Hangi dilleri konuşabiliyorsun?"

"En son kiminle uzun uzun konuştun?"

"Yabancılarla konuşurken heyecanlanıyor musun?"

"Sence susmak mı daha zordur yoksa konuşmak mı?"

"Bugün en çok ne hakkında konuştun?"

日記のテーマ

Bugün kiminle konuştuğunu ve nelerden bahsettiğinizi yazın.

Türkçe konuşurken hissettiğiniz zorlukları anlatın.

Gelecekte hangi dilleri konuşmak istediğinizi hayal edin.

Bir topluluk önünde konuşma yapsaydınız konunuz ne olurdu?

Sessizliğin ne zaman konuşmaktan daha önemli olduğunu düşünüyorsunuz?

よくある質問

10 問

Mostly, yes. However, it can also mean 'to discuss' or 'to have a conversation'. In some contexts, it can even mean 'to be on speaking terms' with someone. For example, 'Onunla konuşmuyorum' can mean 'I am not on speaking terms with him'.

While grammatically possible, it sounds unnatural. 'Türkçe konuşuyorum' is the standard way to say 'I speak Turkish'. The accusative case is usually omitted for languages with 'konuşmak'.

'Konuşma' is the general noun for 'speech' or 'talking'. 'Sohbet' is more specific, meaning 'friendly chat' or 'conversation'. You have a 'sohbet' with friends, but you give a 'konuşma' at a wedding.

You say 'Seninle konuşuyorum'. Remember to use the suffix '-le' (with) instead of the dative '-e' (to).

Yes, if you are anthropomorphizing them or referring to parrots. 'Papağan konuşuyor' (The parrot is talking).

It is the passive form, meaning 'to be spoken' or 'to be talked about'. 'Bu olay çok konuşuldu' means 'This event was talked about a lot'.

'Konuşmak istemiyorum' is the correct and most common way to express this.

Indirectly. While 'pazarlık yapmak' is the real word, people might say 'Fiyatı konuşalım' (Let's talk about the price) as a way to start bargaining.

It is neutral. It can be used in any setting, from the most formal speech to the most casual chat.

A 'konuşmacı' is a speaker, such as a keynote speaker at a conference or a person giving a presentation.

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自分をテスト 180 問

writing

Write 'I am talking with my friend' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say 'Türkçe konuşuyorum' out loud.

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen to the word: 'Konuşuyor'. What tense is it?

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writing

Translate: 'We talked about the movie.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'He speaks like a native.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'I have nothing left to say to you.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write 'Please speak slowly' in Turkish (formal).

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write 'I don't speak English' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'We will talk tomorrow' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write 'They talked about the weather' in Turkish.

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writing

Write 'I want to speak with the manager' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'Don't talk behind my back' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'He is very talkative' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Write 'The baby started speaking' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write 'Could you speak a bit louder?' in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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writing

Write 'Silence is gold' (the Turkish idiom) in Turkish.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Pronounce: 'Konuşmacı'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Benimle konuşur musun?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Hangi dilleri konuşuyorsun?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Yarın müdürle konuşacağım.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Lütfen sessiz konuşun.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Onunla konuşmak çok zor.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Akıcı Türkçe konuşmak istiyorum.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Arkamdan konuşma!'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Biraz konuşalım mı?'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'Konuşacak bir şey kalmadı.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuştuk'. Is it singular or plural?

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşma'. Is it an imperative or a noun in 'Güzel bir konuşma'?

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşabilir misiniz?'. Is it a statement or a request?

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşuyorlar'. How many people are talking?

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşmamalıydın'. Does it express regret or permission?

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writing

Translate: 'I spoke on the phone for two hours.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
writing

Translate: 'We will talk about this later.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say: 'Konuşma tarzını beğendim.'

Read this aloud:

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writing

Translate: 'I am learning to speak Turkish.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'Benimle konuşmaya mecalim yok.'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşuluyor'. Is the subject active or passive?

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writing

Translate: 'Who is speaking?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'Boş boş konuşma!'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşmayacağız'. Is it positive or negative?

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writing

Translate: 'I spoke with the doctor yesterday.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say: 'Türkçe konuşabiliyor musunuz?'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuştuk'. What is the person suffix?

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writing

Translate: 'They are talking about you.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
speaking

Say: 'Biraz daha yavaş konuşur musunuz?'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşmayalım'. What is the mood?

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writing

Translate: 'Don't talk to me like that!'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'İngilizce konuşabiliyor musunuz?'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşmam'. What tense/mood is this?

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writing

Translate: 'I am talking to Ali.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

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speaking

Say: 'Hangi dilleri konuşabiliyorsun?'

Read this aloud:

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listening

Listen: 'Konuşmamı'. Is it 'my speech' or 'don't speak' (accusative)?

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/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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