When something is '反常', it is behaving in a way that contradicts established norms or expectations.
30秒でわかる単語
- Deviating from the usual or expected norm.
- Used to describe unusual weather, behavior, or data.
- Indicates a departure from established patterns.
Overview
- 1概览：反常（fǎncháng）是一个由“反”（违反、背离）和“常”（常态、规律）组成的词。它表示某事物超出了人们通常认为的正常范围或逻辑规律。在B2水平中，理解这个词对于描述异常天气、突发状况或心理状态至关重要。2) 用法模式：该词通常作定语（反常的现象）或谓语（行为很反常）。它不仅可以修饰具体的物理状态，还可以修饰抽象的心理或社会现象。3) 常见语境：常用于气象报道（如反常的天气）、心理分析（如反常的举动）以及学术或工作报告中描述数据偏离（如反常的数据波动）。4) 近义词辨析：与“异常”相比，“反常”更侧重于与“常态”的对比，即“不正常”；而“异常”则更侧重于“不同寻常”，有时带有中性甚至褒义（如异常聪明）。
例文
他今天的表现有些反常，话比平时少了很多。
everydayHis behavior today is a bit unusual; he is talking much less than usual.
近期气候反常，导致农作物减产。
formalRecent abnormal climate has led to a reduction in crop yields.
这简直太反常了，机器竟然自动启动了。
informalThis is simply too abnormal; the machine started automatically.
该实验数据表现出明显的反常趋势。
academicThe experimental data shows a clear anomalous trend.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
反常现象
abnormal phenomenon
反常举动
unusual action
反常心理
abnormal psychology
よく混同される語
Anomalous or extraordinary. '异常' can sometimes have a positive connotation (e.g., unusually talented), whereas '反常' almost always implies a negative or puzzling deviation.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
The word '反常' is versatile and works well in both formal reports and casual conversation. It specifically targets the deviation from a established norm or pattern. Unlike 'strange' (奇怪), which focuses on something being odd or unfamiliar, '反常' emphasizes the break from a known standard.
よくある間違い
Learners often use it to mean 'weird' in a general sense, but it is better reserved for when a specific baseline exists. Do not use it to describe something that is simply 'new' or 'unfamiliar'. It requires a comparison to what is usually expected.
Tips
Focus on the root meaning
Break it down: '反' means opposite/against, '常' means constant/normal. It literally means 'against the norm'.
Avoid overusing in casual speech
While common, using it too frequently in casual conversation might sound overly analytical. Use '奇怪' for simple weirdness.
Weather and agricultural context
In Chinese culture, '反常' is frequently used in agricultural contexts to describe weather that ruins harvests, as harmony with nature is highly valued.
語源
Derived from '反' (opposing/reversing) and '常' (the constant/norm). It reflects the ancient Chinese philosophical view of maintaining balance and order.
文化的な背景
In Chinese culture, maintaining '常' (normality/harmony) is highly valued. Therefore, labeling something as '反常' often signals a need to investigate or restore balance.
覚え方のコツ
Think of a clock running backward. That is clearly '反常' (against the norm).
よくある質問
4 問大部分情况下可以互换。但“反常”更强调“与常理不符”，而“异常”范围更广，有时也指“非常、特别”。
可以。形容人的情绪或行为不符合平时的习惯，例如“他今天表现得很反常”。
它属于中性词，既可用于书面语，也可用于口语，适用范围非常广泛。
“反常”的反义词是“正常”。在正式语境中，也可以用“合乎常理”或“如常”。
自分をテスト
今年夏天的气温非常___，竟然出现了降雪。
因为降雪与夏天的高温常态不符，所以用“反常”。
哪种情况可以用“反常”形容？
这违背了一个人平时的行为习惯。
请根据提示完成句子：他的举动十分___，大家都感到很困惑。
配合后半句“感到困惑”，说明行为是不正常的。
スコア： /3
Summary
When something is '反常', it is behaving in a way that contradicts established norms or expectations.
- Deviating from the usual or expected norm.
- Used to describe unusual weather, behavior, or data.
- Indicates a departure from established patterns.
Focus on the root meaning
Break it down: '反' means opposite/against, '常' means constant/normal. It literally means 'against the norm'.
Avoid overusing in casual speech
While common, using it too frequently in casual conversation might sound overly analytical. Use '奇怪' for simple weirdness.
Weather and agricultural context
In Chinese culture, '反常' is frequently used in agricultural contexts to describe weather that ruins harvests, as harmony with nature is highly valued.
例文
4 / 4他今天的表现有些反常，话比平时少了很多。
His behavior today is a bit unusual; he is talking much less than usual.
近期气候反常，导致农作物减产。
Recent abnormal climate has led to a reduction in crop yields.
这简直太反常了，机器竟然自动启动了。
This is simply too abnormal; the machine started automatically.
该实验数据表现出明显的反常趋势。
The experimental data shows a clear anomalous trend.
Related Content
関連語彙
daily_lifeの関連語
朝九晚五
B2From nine to five; regular working hours.
废弃
B2To abandon; to discard; to cease to use.
恪守
B2To scrupulously observe; to strictly adhere to.
未免
B2Rather; a bit too; truly (implies something excessive).
充裕
B2Abundant; ample.
充沛
B2Abundant; plentiful; full of energy.
门禁卡
B2Access card; entry card.
门禁
B2Access control (system).
配件
B2Fittings; accessories; spare parts.
随同
B2To accompany; to go with.
