The word '牢骚' captures the act of venting pent-up frustrations or grumbling about daily injustices.
30秒でわかる単語
- Refers to grumbling or complaints caused by dissatisfaction.
- Commonly used in the phrase '发牢骚' (to grumble).
- Often implies venting frustration about work or life.
Overview
- 1概述：“牢骚”是一个汉语中非常地道的词汇，主要用于描述一种积压在内心的不满情绪及其言语表达。它不仅指抱怨的行为，也指这种负面的心理状态。2) 用法模式：在语法上，“牢骚”最常与动词“发”连用，构成“发牢骚”，意为“抱怨”或“吐苦水”。此外，它常与量词词组连用，如“满腹牢骚”或“一肚子牢骚”，用以强调不满程度之深。3) 常见语境：该词多见于非正式场合，如职场间的私下吐槽、朋友间的抱怨或家庭成员对生活琐事的不满。它带有一种“虽然不满意但又无可奈何”的色彩。4) 词义辨析：与“抱怨”相比，“牢骚”更侧重于情绪的宣泄，且往往是反复的、琐碎的；而“抱怨”通常有更明确的对象和具体的原因。与“怨言”相比，“牢骚”显得更加口语化和生活化，而“怨言”则带有一种更沉重、更正式的委屈感。总的来说，“牢骚”是一个能够生动刻画人们负面情绪宣泄的词汇。
例文
他整天对工资太低发牢骚。
everydayHe grumbles all day about his salary being too low.
领导应该倾听基层员工的牢骚。
formalLeaders should listen to the grievances of grassroots employees.
别发牢骚了，赶紧干活吧！
informalStop grumbling and get to work!
文学作品中常以“牢骚”来表现文人的怀才不遇。
academicLiterature often uses 'grievances' to express the frustration of scholars whose talents are unrecognized.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
牢骚话
grumbling talk
太盛的牢骚
excessive grievances
よく混同される語
'抱怨' is a general verb for complaining about specific things/people, while '牢骚' is a noun focusing on the emotional venting of dissatisfaction.
'怨言' is more formal and implies a more serious, often silent, bitterness or resentment.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
The word is neutral but leans towards informal. It is most frequently used as the object of the verb '发' (to emit/release). While not vulgar, using it to describe someone's speech can imply that their complaints are somewhat annoying or repetitive.
よくある間違い
Avoid saying '讲牢骚' or '说牢骚'; although sometimes understood, '发牢骚' is the only standard collocation. Do not use '牢骚' to describe a formal legal complaint (use '控告' or '申诉' instead).
Tips
Master the verb-noun collocation '发牢骚'
In 90% of cases, you will use '发' (fā) as the verb. It is the most natural way to express grumbling.
Avoid using it for serious protests
For formal legal or social protests, use '抗议' or '申诉' instead of '牢骚'.
Cultural perspective on grumbling
Chinese culture often values '忍耐' (endurance), so excessive '牢骚' may be seen as a sign of emotional immaturity.
語源
'牢' originally referred to a pen for animals, and '骚' meant disturbance or sorrow (as in Qu Yuan's 'Li Sao'). Together, they evolved to mean the restless venting of one's inner troubles.
文化的な背景
In modern Chinese society, '发牢骚' is often seen as a way for workers to bond over shared hardships, though excessive grumbling is discouraged by the Confucian ideal of emotional restraint.
覚え方のコツ
Think of the character '牢' (prison) and '骚' (disturb/agitated). It's like being trapped in a prison of agitation and needing to let the noise out.
よくある質問
4 問它通常是中性偏贬义的。虽然发牢骚是正常的情绪宣泄，但如果一个人“满腹牢骚”，通常会被认为性格消极或缺乏建设性。
“吐槽”是现代网络流行语，更具幽默感和调侃意味；而“发牢骚”则显得更传统，且往往带有更多的负面情绪和不满。
在非正式谈话中可以使用，但在正式报告或绩效评估中，建议使用“建议”或“反馈”来代替，以显得更专业。
可以使用成语“牢骚满腹”，意思是一个人肚子里装满了怨言，形容非常不满意。
自分をテスト
他工作不顺心，回家总是向妻子___。
“发牢骚”是固定搭配，表示抱怨。
老王最近满腹牢骚，谁也不想理。
“满腹牢骚”形容一个人心中充满了怨气和不满。
别 / 总是 / 没用的 / 发 / 牢骚
正确的语序是：祈使词(别) + 频率副词(总是) + 动词(发) + 形容词(没用的) + 名词(牢骚)。
スコア： /3
Summary
The word '牢骚' captures the act of venting pent-up frustrations or grumbling about daily injustices.
- Refers to grumbling or complaints caused by dissatisfaction.
- Commonly used in the phrase '发牢骚' (to grumble).
- Often implies venting frustration about work or life.
Master the verb-noun collocation '发牢骚'
In 90% of cases, you will use '发' (fā) as the verb. It is the most natural way to express grumbling.
Avoid using it for serious protests
For formal legal or social protests, use '抗议' or '申诉' instead of '牢骚'.
Cultural perspective on grumbling
Chinese culture often values '忍耐' (endurance), so excessive '牢骚' may be seen as a sign of emotional immaturity.
例文
4 / 4他整天对工资太低发牢骚。
He grumbles all day about his salary being too low.
领导应该倾听基层员工的牢骚。
Leaders should listen to the grievances of grassroots employees.
别发牢骚了，赶紧干活吧！
Stop grumbling and get to work!
文学作品中常以“牢骚”来表现文人的怀才不遇。
Literature often uses 'grievances' to express the frustration of scholars whose talents are unrecognized.
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