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B1 verb #3,500 よく出る 9分で読める

划分

huafen 上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント划分 30秒で

解説划分 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you might not use '划分' (huàfèn) very often because it is a bit formal. However, it is good to know that it means 'to divide' or 'to group.' Imagine you have a big pile of toys and you want to put them into 'big toys' and 'small toys.' You are doing a simple 划分. In simple Chinese, we usually just say '分' (fēn). For example, '分水果' (divide the fruit). But as you learn more, '划分' helps you talk about more organized ways of dividing things. Think of it like drawing a line with a pencil to show where one part ends and another begins. You can 划分 your day into 'morning,' 'afternoon,' and 'night.' It is about making clear parts from one big thing. Just remember: 划分 is like 'planning how to divide.'

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At the A2 level, you can start using '划分' (huàfèn) to talk about basic categories and groups. It is more precise than just '分.' You might use it to talk about dividing your study time or dividing a group of people. For example, '老师把学生划分成小组' (The teacher divided the students into small groups). This shows that the teacher didn't just split them randomly; they likely had a plan or a reason. You will also see this word when looking at maps or talking about different areas of a city. If a city has a 'shopping area' and a 'living area,' those areas have been 划分 (partitioned). It's a useful word for organizing your thoughts and describing how things are structured into different sections.

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At the B1 level, '划分' (huàfèn) becomes a key vocabulary word for discussing professional and academic topics. You should use it when explaining how a whole is separated into parts based on a specific standard (标准). For instance, when writing an essay, you might 划分 your arguments into different points. In a business context, you could talk about 划分职责 (partitioning responsibilities) between colleagues. The grammar often involves the phrase '按照...划分' (partition according to...). For example, '按照年龄划分' (partition by age). This word is essential for describing administrative divisions, project phases, and logical classifications. It sounds much more professional than '分开' and shows that you understand the systematic nature of the division you are describing.

At the B2 level, you should be comfortable using '划分' (huàfèn) in complex and abstract discussions. This includes social issues, scientific theories, and historical analysis. You might discuss how a society is 划分 into different classes (阶层) or how a historical era is 划分 into distinct periods. At this level, you should also understand its use in passive structures ('被划分成') and its collocations with words like '界限' (boundaries) or '范畴' (categories). You can use 划分 to describe the nuances of policy-making, such as how economic zones are 划分 to attract investment. It is also important to distinguish 划分 from more forceful words like '分割' (to carve up) or more analytical words like '区分' (to distinguish), choosing the one that best fits the tone of your discourse.

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At the C1 level, '划分' (huàfèn) is used with high precision in specialized fields. You might encounter it in legal texts regarding the 划分 of jurisdiction (管辖权) or in technical manuals discussing data 划分 (partitioning) in computer science. You should be able to use it to describe subtle conceptual boundaries, such as the 划分 between private and public spheres in social philosophy. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's formal register. For example, in a formal presentation, you might say '本研究将受试者划分为四个象限' (This study partitions subjects into four quadrants). You can also use it metaphorically to discuss how language 划分 our perception of reality. At this stage, you are not just using the word to describe simple divisions, but to articulate complex structures and systems of thought.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '划分' (huàfèn) allows you to use it in the most nuanced literary, philosophical, and diplomatic contexts. You might use it to critique the way historical narratives 划分 'civilization' and 'barbarism,' or to discuss the 划分 of power in a complex geopolitical landscape. You understand that 划分 is not just a descriptive act but often a performative one—that the act of 划分 boundaries can create the very categories it purports to describe. You can use it in high-level academic writing to discuss the '划分 criteria' (划分标准) of various theoretical frameworks. Your command of the word includes an awareness of its historical weight in Chinese administrative culture, from the ancient 'Well-Field System' (井田制) to modern 'Administrative Divisions' (行政区划), allowing you to use the term with deep cultural and historical resonance.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

划分 30秒で

划分 (huàfèn) is a formal verb meaning to divide or partition a whole into parts based on a logical standard or official criteria.
It is commonly used for administrative regions, time periods, project phases, and social or scientific classifications in professional and academic settings.
The word emphasizes the 'drawing of boundaries' and is often seen in structures like '按照...划分' (partition according to...) or '把...划分成...'.
It differs from simple 'splitting' (分开) by requiring a rational basis for the division, making it essential for structured organization and analysis.

The Chinese verb 划分 (huàfèn) is a sophisticated yet essential term used to describe the act of dividing, partitioning, or categorizing a whole into distinct parts based on a specific set of criteria or standards. Unlike simple verbs for 'cutting' or 'breaking,' 划分 implies a systematic, often official or logical, separation. It is most commonly applied to abstract concepts like time, space, responsibilities, and categories, as well as physical entities like land or administrative regions.

Geographical Context: When a government decides how to split a country into provinces or a city into districts, they are performing a 划分. It suggests the establishment of clear boundaries (界限).
Temporal Context: Historians use 划分 to periodize history, such as dividing Chinese history into the 'Ancient,' 'Medieval,' and 'Modern' eras. Each segment is a 阶段 (stage) created through 划分.

政府正在重新划分城市的发展区域，以促进经济增长。(The government is re-partitioning the city's development zones to promote economic growth.)

In a professional or academic setting, you will hear this word when discussing project management or scientific classification. For instance, a manager might 划分 tasks among team members (though 分配 is also used, 划分 emphasizes the boundary of responsibilities). In biology, scientists 划分 species into different families and genera. The core of the word lies in the character '划' (to plan/delimit) and '分' (to divide), suggesting a planned division rather than a random break.

我们需要明确划分每个人的职责范围。(We need to clearly define and partition everyone's scope of responsibility.)

Furthermore, 划分 is frequently used in the context of social or economic status. Sociologists might 划分 a population into different 'income brackets' or 'social classes' (阶层). This usage highlights that the division is not just physical but conceptual, serving as a tool for analysis and organization. It is a 'high-level' word, suitable for formal writing, news reports, and serious discussions, though it remains accessible enough for daily use when talking about organizing one's life or work.

按照年龄，我们可以将受访者划分为三个群体。(According to age, we can divide the respondents into three groups.)

Administrative Usage: Commonly paired with '行政区' (administrative region) to discuss how a country is organized internally.

历史学家将这段时期划分为四个不同的阶段。(Historians partition this period into four distinct stages.)

这个项目的预算被划分到了不同的部门。(The budget for this project was partitioned among different departments.)

Using 划分 (huàfèn) correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure and the types of objects it typically takes. The most common pattern is '划分 + Object' or '把 + A + 划分成 + B'. This structure emphasizes the transformation of a single entity into multiple parts.

Structure: 划分 + [Noun Phrase]: Example: 划分等级 (huàfèn děngjí) - To divide into grades/levels. This is used when assigning quality or rank to items.
Structure: 把...划分成...: Example: 把土地划分成小块 (bǎ tǔdì huàfèn chéng xiǎokuài) - To partition the land into small plots. The '成' indicates the result of the division.

我们应该按照功能来划分办公室的区域。(We should partition the office areas according to function.)

Another key aspect is the use of '按照' (ànzhào - according to) or '根据' (gēnjù - based on). Since 划分 implies a standard, you will almost always see the criteria mentioned. For example, '按照年龄划分' (divide by age) or '根据收入划分' (partition by income). This clarifies the logic behind the separation.

这篇文章被划分为引言、正文和结论三个部分。(This article is divided into three parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.)

In passive sentences, '被' (bèi) is frequently used. '被划分成' (is divided into) is a standard way to describe how something is structured. For instance, '世界被划分成不同的时区' (The world is divided into different time zones). This focuses on the state of the division rather than the actor performing it.

Collocation: 划分界限: This means to draw a line or set a boundary. It can be literal (property lines) or metaphorical (professional vs. personal life).

在处理公事时，我们要清晰地划分个人情感与职业判断。(When dealing with official business, we must clearly partition personal emotions and professional judgment.)

科学家们通过划分不同的地质年代来研究地球的历史。(Scientists study the Earth's history by partitioning different geological eras.)

这块区域被划分为禁猎区。(This area has been partitioned as a no-hunting zone.)

You will encounter 划分 (huàfèn) in a variety of formal and semi-formal contexts in modern China. It is a staple of news broadcasts, academic literature, legal documents, and corporate meetings. Understanding these contexts helps in grasping the word's weight and nuance.

News and Governance: Reports on urban planning often mention '划分城市功能区' (partitioning urban functional zones). This refers to designating areas for residential, commercial, or industrial use. Political news might discuss '划分选区' (partitioning electoral districts).
Education and Science: In textbooks, you'll see phrases like '划分文章段落' (dividing an article into paragraphs) or '划分生物类别' (categorizing biological types). It’s the standard verb for classification in scientific inquiry.

在地理课上，老师教我们如何划分气候带。(In geography class, the teacher taught us how to partition climate zones.)

In the business world, 划分 is used during organizational restructuring. A CEO might talk about '划分部门职责' (partitioning departmental responsibilities) to ensure efficiency. It also appears in marketing when discussing '划分目标市场' (segmenting target markets), which is crucial for any business strategy. The word suggests a deliberate, strategic decision rather than a haphazard one.

市场部根据消费者的购买习惯来划分用户群。(The marketing department partitions user groups based on consumers' buying habits.)

Legal and historical documents are another major source. When discussing treaties or historical land reforms, 划分 is the go-to word for describing how borders were drawn. For example, '划分界线' (drawing the boundary line) is a phrase that appears in international law. It carries a sense of permanence and authority.

Daily Professional Life: If you are in a meeting and want to suggest that a project be broken down into phases, you could say: '我们可以把项目划分成三个阶段' (We can partition the project into three stages).

我们需要重新划分工作任务，因为有人请假了。(We need to re-partition the work tasks because someone is on leave.)

这份报告将经济增长划分为几个关键驱动因素。(This report partitions economic growth into several key driving factors.)

在讨论这个复杂的问题时，我们需要先划分不同的讨论范畴。(When discussing this complex issue, we need to first partition different categories of discussion.)

While 划分 (huàfèn) is a versatile word, learners often confuse it with other verbs that mean 'to divide' or 'to separate.' Understanding the nuances between these words is key to sounding natural in Chinese.

划分 vs. 分开 (fēnkāi): 分开 is a general term meaning to separate things that were together. It is often physical and simple. For example, '把这两个盒子分开' (Separate these two boxes). 划分 is much more formal and implies a systematic division based on criteria. You wouldn't '划分' two boxes unless you were categorizing them into a logical system.
划分 vs. 分配 (fēnpèi): 分配 means to distribute or allocate resources, tasks, or money. While 划分 can be used for responsibilities, it focuses on the boundaries of those responsibilities. 分配 focuses on the act of giving them out to people. '分配奖金' (distribute bonuses) is correct; '划分奖金' sounds like you are logically categorizing the money into types rather than giving it away.

错误用法：请把苹果划分成两半。(Incorrect: Please partition the apple into two halves. Use '切' or '分' instead.)

Another common mistake is using 划分 for purely physical splitting without any organizational intent. If you break a stick in half, you don't 划分 it. If you are a geologist and you are defining the layers of the earth, you are 划分 those layers. The intent behind the action is the defining characteristic of 划分.

正确用法：我们按照收入水平来划分社会阶层。(Correct: We partition social classes according to income levels.)

Finally, remember that 划分 is a transitive verb. It needs an object. You cannot just say '我们划分了' (We partitioned). You must say what you partitioned, such as '我们划分了区域' (We partitioned the area). Also, ensure that the criteria (like '按照...' or '根据...') are clear if the context requires it, as 划分 without a standard often feels incomplete in formal Chinese.

划分 vs. 分割 (fēngē): 分割 often implies a more forceful or physical cutting up, like '分割财产' (splitting up assets in a divorce) or '分割领土' (partitioning territory in war). 划分 is more neutral and administrative.

注意：划分通常用于大范围或抽象的事物。(Note: 划分 is usually used for large-scale or abstract things.)

错误：把书划分给学生。(Incorrect: Partition the books to students. Use '发' or '分给'.)

正确：把书的内容划分为五个章节。(Correct: Partition the book's content into five chapters.)

To truly master 划分 (huàfèn), it is helpful to compare it with similar words that deal with the concept of division or classification. Each of these words has a specific 'flavor' or register that makes it suitable for different situations.

1. 区分 (qūfēn): Meaning: To distinguish or differentiate. Usage: When you want to tell the difference between two things. Example: '区分真假' (distinguish true from false). Unlike 划分, it doesn't necessarily mean you are creating parts; you are just identifying differences.
2. 分割 (fēngē): Meaning: To cut up or split. Usage: Often used for physical division or the splitting of assets/territory. It can sound more aggressive or final than 划分. Example: '分割市场' (to carve up a market among competitors).
3. 分类 (fēnlèi): Meaning: To classify. Usage: Specifically for putting things into groups or categories. While 划分 is the act of creating the boundaries, 分类 is the act of putting items into those categories. Example: '把垃圾分类' (to sort/classify trash).

比较：划分阶段 vs. 区分阶段。(Comparing: Partitioning stages vs. Distinguishing between stages.)

In more formal or legal contexts, you might use 界定 (jièdìng), which means 'to define' or 'to demarcate.' This is often used for abstract boundaries, like '界定职责' (to define responsibilities). It is very close to 划分 but emphasizes the 'defining' aspect over the 'dividing' aspect.

我们按照性格特征将学生划分为不同的类型。(We partition students into different types according to personality traits.)

Another alternative is 归类 (guīlèi), which means 'to group' or 'to categorize.' This is used when you already have categories and you are assigning things to them. 划分 is the broader term that covers the creation of those categories in the first place.

Summary Table of Nuance: - 划分: Systematic partitioning (maps, stages, logic). - 分割: Physical or forceful splitting (territory, assets). - 区分: Identifying differences (twins, true/false). - 分类: Sorting into groups (books, trash).

政府对这片土地进行了重新划分。(The government carried out a re-partitioning of this land.)

通过划分重点，我们可以更有效地学习。(By partitioning key points, we can study more effectively.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient China, 划分 was a critical task for the Emperor's officials to ensure that 'Well-Field' (井田) systems were correctly measured for tax purposes. The character '划' is actually a simplified version; the traditional '劃' shows the complexity of the brush strokes needed to 'plan' a division.

発音ガイド

UK huà fèn

US huà fèn

Both syllables carry equal stress as they are both 4th tones.

韻が合う語

大分 (dàfèn) 水分 (shuǐfèn) 养分 (yǎngfèn) 备份 (bèifèn) 年份 (niánfèn) 身份 (shēnfèn) 月份 (yuèfèn) 过分 (guòfèn)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'huà' as 'huā' (1st tone), which can mean 'flower'.
Pronouncing 'fèn' as 'fēn' (1st tone), which is the verb 'to divide' but lacks the specific nuance of 'partition'.
Confusing 'huà' with 'huà' (speech/words), although they are the same tone, the character is different.
Mumbling the 'u' in 'huà', making it sound like 'hà'.
Ending 'fèn' with a 'ng' sound ('fèng'), which is a different character.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize the 'divide' component, but requires knowing the specific nuance.

ライティング 4/5

The character '划' has several strokes and is easily confused with other 'Hua' characters.

スピーキング 3/5

Standard 4th-4th tone pattern is easy to pronounce but must be sharp.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news and formal speech, usually clear from context.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

分 (To divide) 开 (To open/separate) 标准 (Standard) 区域 (Area) 类别 (Category)

次に学ぶ

界定 (To define/demarcate) 范畴 (Category/Domain) 行政 (Administrative) 阶段 (Stage) 职责 (Responsibility)

上級

瓜分 (To carve up/partition aggressively) 离析 (To separate/analyze) 剖析 (To dissect/analyze deeply)

知っておくべき文法

The 'Ba' Sentence with 划分

请把这些资料划分到不同的文件夹里。

Resultative Complements (成)

书被划分成了三个部分。

Prepositional Phrases (按照/根据)

根据成绩，我们将学生划分为三个班。

Passive Voice (被)

领土被重新划分了。

Verb-Object Collocations

划分等级、划分界限、划分区域。

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レベル別の例文

老师把我们划分成两个小组。

The teacher divided us into two groups.

Uses '把...划分成' structure.

我把这一天划分成三个部分。

I divide this day into three parts.

划分 is used for time management.

我们可以按照颜色来划分。

We can divide them according to color.

Uses '按照...划分' (according to...).

这个大房间被划分成了两个小房间。

This big room was divided into two small rooms.

Passive voice '被...划分成'.

请划分一下这些书。

Please categorize these books.

Used as a simple command.

我们把苹果划分成红的和绿的。

We divide the apples into red ones and green ones.

Categorizing physical objects.

这里的土地被划分为不同的区域。

The land here is divided into different areas.

Geographical division.

划分这些东西很容易。

Dividing these things is very easy.

Used as a subject/gerund.

城市被划分为五个区。

The city is divided into five districts.

Administrative division context.

你应该划分好你的学习时间。

You should divide your study time well.

Used for personal organization.

我们按照年龄划分了不同的组。

We divided into different groups according to age.

Common '按照...划分' pattern.

这本教材被划分成十个单元。

This textbook is divided into ten units.

Organizational structure.

请帮我划分一下这些文件的类别。

Please help me categorize these documents.

Professional categorization.

这个公园被划分为运动区和休息区。

The park is divided into a sports area and a rest area.

Functional partitioning.

我们把任务划分给了每个人。

We partitioned the tasks to everyone.

Task management.

根据大小，我们可以这样划分。

According to size, we can divide them like this.

Standard-based division.

我们需要明确划分每个员工的职责。

We need to clearly define and partition each employee's responsibilities.

Abstract partitioning of responsibility.

历史学家将中国历史划分为多个朝代。

Historians divide Chinese history into many dynasties.

Temporal/Historical division.

这家公司按地区划分了销售市场。

The company divided the sales market by region.

Business market segmentation.

这篇文章可以划分为三个主要部分。

This article can be divided into three main parts.

Structural analysis of text.

科学家根据特征来划分生物的种类。

Scientists divide biological species based on characteristics.

Scientific classification.

政府正在讨论如何划分新的行政区域。

The government is discussing how to partition new administrative regions.

Formal governance context.

我们应该划分公事和私事的界限。

We should draw a boundary between public and private matters.

Metaphorical boundary setting.

这个项目被划分成了四个阶段，每个阶段三个月。

The project was divided into four stages, each lasting three months.

Project management timing.

社会学家根据收入水平来划分社会阶层。

Sociologists partition social classes based on income levels.

Sociological analysis.

这种分类方法划分得不够细致。

This classification method isn't detailed enough in its partitioning.

Evaluating the quality of division.

法律明确划分了中央与地方的权力范围。

The law clearly partitions the scope of power between the central and local governments.

Legal/Political division of power.

为了方便研究，我们将数据划分为不同的样本集。

For ease of research, we partitioned the data into different sample sets.

Research methodology.

他在演讲中重新划分了这一领域的学术范畴。

In his speech, he re-partitioned the academic categories of this field.

Conceptual/Theoretical restructuring.

该地区的领土划分一直存在争议。

The territorial partitioning of this region has always been controversial.

Geopolitical context.

通过划分重点，学生可以更有针对性地复习。

By partitioning key points, students can review in a more targeted manner.

Educational strategy.

心理学家将人类的性格划分为几种基本类型。

Psychologists partition human personalities into several basic types.

Psychological categorization.

管辖权的划分是这起法律案件的核心争议点。

The partitioning of jurisdiction is the central point of contention in this legal case.

Legal terminology (管辖权 - jurisdiction).

在这一哲学框架内，主观与客观的划分被模糊了。

Within this philosophical framework, the partitioning of subjective and objective is blurred.

Philosophical discourse.

数据库的水平划分可以显著提高系统的并发处理能力。

Horizontal partitioning of a database can significantly improve the system's concurrent processing capacity.

Technical/IT term (水平划分 - horizontal partitioning).

这种行政区划的重新划分旨在优化资源配置。

This re-partitioning of administrative divisions aims to optimize resource allocation.

Public policy/Governance.

文学批评家对现代主义时期的划分仍有不同见解。

Literary critics still have differing views on the partitioning of the Modernist period.

Academic debate.

该政策根据风险等级对投资项目进行了严格划分。

The policy strictly partitioned investment projects according to risk levels.

Financial regulation.

词义的划分往往取决于上下文语境。

The partitioning of word meanings often depends on the context.

Linguistic analysis.

在城市规划中，红线的划分直接影响土地的商业价值。

In urban planning, the partitioning of the 'red line' (boundary) directly affects the land's commercial value.

Specialized urban planning term.

后殖民主义学者批判了西方对‘东方’与‘西方’的二元划分。

Post-colonial scholars have criticized the Western binary partitioning of 'East' and 'West'.

Critical theory/Sociology.

这种权力的精细划分防止了任何单一机构的过度扩张。

This fine partitioning of power prevents the over-expansion of any single institution.

Political science/Constitutional law.

在量子力学中，观测者与被观测系统之间的划分是一个基本命题。

In quantum mechanics, the partitioning between the observer and the observed system is a fundamental proposition.

Theoretical physics.

该条约对大陆架的划分确立了国际法的新准则。

The treaty's partitioning of the continental shelf established new norms in international law.

International maritime law.

史学界对于‘中世纪’起讫时间的划分存在着长期的学术博弈。

In historical circles, there has been a long-standing academic game regarding the partitioning of the start and end times of the 'Middle Ages'.

Historiography.

这种对人类基因组的功能性划分为精准医疗奠定了基础。

This functional partitioning of the human genome laid the foundation for precision medicine.

Genetics/Medicine.

美学上对‘崇高’与‘优美’的划分在十八世纪达到了高峰。

The aesthetic partitioning of 'the sublime' and 'the beautiful' reached its peak in the 18th century.

Aesthetics/Philosophy.

社会契约论探讨了自然状态与社会状态之间的人为划分。

Social contract theory explores the artificial partitioning between the state of nature and the social state.

Political philosophy.

類義語

区分分割分类界定

反対語

合并统一整合

よく使う組み合わせ

划分区域

划分等级

划分阶段

划分界限

划分职责

行政划分

划分标准

划分范畴

划分领土

划分流派

よく使うフレーズ

划分归属

— To determine which category or owner something belongs to.

这笔资金的划分归属还在讨论中。

重新划分

— To re-partition or reorganize the existing divisions.

选举前需要重新划分选区。

细致划分

— To divide something in a very detailed or granular way.

由于客户群庞大，我们需要进行细致划分。

地理划分

— To divide something based on geographical features.

秦岭是南北方的地理划分线。

功能划分

— To divide based on the specific function of each part.

这个软件的功能划分非常清晰。

责任划分

— The division of responsibility among parties.

事故后的责任划分非常复杂。

等级划分

— The act of ranking things into levels.

酒店的等级划分通常用星级表示。

范畴划分

— Dividing concepts into specific categories or domains.

心理学中的范畴划分多种多样。

阶段划分

— Breaking a process into time-based stages.

学习汉语的阶段划分因人而异。

区域划分

— The partitioning of a physical space into zones.

商场的区域划分引导了客流。

よく混同される語

划分 vs 分开

分开 is just separating things; 划分 is systematic partitioning.

划分 vs 分配

分配 is distributing resources to people; 划分 is creating categories or boundaries.

划分 vs 区分

区分 is seeing the difference between things; 划分 is splitting a whole into parts.

慣用句と表現

"划清界限"

— To draw a sharp line of demarcation; to distance oneself from someone/something.

他决定和那些不诚实的朋友划清界限。

Very Common

"泾渭分明"

— As different as the Jing and Wei rivers; clearly different/partitioned.

这两件事情性质不同，泾渭分明。

Literary

"各司其职"

— Each does his duty; related to the result of partitioning tasks.

在职责划分清楚后，大家各司其职。

Formal

"分门别类"

— To classify things into different categories; the result of 划分.

图书管理员把书分门别类地放好。

Common

"一分为二"

— One divides into two; to look at both sides of a matter.

我们要一分为二地看待问题。

Common

"划地为牢"

— To draw a circle on the ground as a prison; to restrict oneself.

我们不能划地为牢，要勇于创新。

Literary

"壁垒森严"

— Strictly guarded ramparts; clearly partitioned and hard to cross.

这两个学科之间曾经壁垒森严。

Formal

"井井有条"

— In perfect order; the ideal state after a good 划分.

他的房间被划分得井井有条。

Common

"名正言顺"

— Perfectly justifiable; used when a 划分 is done correctly by authority.

只有划分清楚，才能名正言顺地管理。

Formal

"判若两人"

— To be like two different people; used when a person's behavior is clearly partitioned.

他在工作和生活中判若两人。

Common

間違えやすい

划分 vs 分割

Both mean to divide.

分割 is often physical, forceful, or related to splitting assets/market. 划分 is more administrative, logical, and neutral.

分割公司资产 (splitting assets) vs. 划分公司部门 (partitioning departments).

划分 vs 分类

Both involve groups.

分类 is the act of sorting items into categories. 划分 is the act of creating those categories or boundaries in the first place.

把书分类 (sort books) vs. 划分图书类别 (define book categories).

划分 vs 分派

Both involve dividing work.

分派 focuses on assigning tasks to specific people. 划分 focuses on defining the scope of the tasks themselves.

分派任务 (assign tasks) vs. 划分职责 (partition responsibilities).

划分 vs 分界

Both involve lines.

分界 is usually a noun meaning the boundary line itself. 划分 is the verb meaning the act of creating that boundary.

这是两国的分界线 (This is the boundary line) vs. 划分两国国界 (Partition the national borders).

划分 vs 分段

Both involve segments.

分段 specifically means to divide something into segments (often physical or temporal). 划分 is broader and can be used for any logical categorization.

分段施工 (construct in segments) vs. 划分项目阶段 (partition project stages).

文型パターン

按照 [标准] 划分 [对象]

按照地区划分销售部。

把 [整体] 划分成 [部分]

把土地划分成小块。

[整体] 被划分为 [部分]

世界被划分为不同的国家。

根据 [原则] 对 [对象] 进行划分

根据风险对投资进行划分。

明确划分 [抽象概念]

明确划分法律界限。

[对象] 的划分取决于 [因素]

词义的划分取决于语境。

重新划分 [复杂系统]

重新划分行政区划。

[理论/观念] 的二元划分

善与恶的二元划分。

語族

名詞

区划 (qūhuà) - regional division/partitioning.

划分者 (huàfènzhě) - partitioner.

動詞

划 (huà) - to draw, to plan, to delimit.

分 (fēn) - to divide, to separate.

形容詞

已划分的 (yǐ huàfèn de) - partitioned.

可划分的 (kě huàfèn de) - partitionable.

使い方

frequency

Common in professional and academic writing; moderate in daily conversation.

よくある間違い

把蛋糕划分成四块。 → 把蛋糕分成四块。
划分 is too formal for simple food division. Use '分' for daily items.
划分真假。 → 区分真假。
When telling the difference between two things, use 区分 (distinguish), not 划分 (partition).
把钱划分给穷人。 → 把钱分给/分配给穷人。
划分 is about boundaries and categories, not about the act of giving or distributing resources to people.
这个划分是不对的。 → 这个划分（结果/标准）是不对的。
While 划分 can be a noun, it often sounds better to specify 'the result of the partitioning' or 'the standard of partitioning' in informal speech.
我们划分了两个小时。 → 我们划分了两个小时的时间来开会。
划分 needs a specific object like 'time' (时间) or 'stages' (阶段). You can't just 'partition two hours' without context.

ヒント

Use '成' for Results

When you want to show what the whole has become after the division, always add '成' (chéng) after 划分. Example: '划分成三份' (partition into three parts).

Pair with '标准'

To sound like a native speaker, often include the word '标准' (standard) in your sentence. Example: '根据这套标准进行划分' (Carry out partitioning according to this set of standards).

Professionalism

In a workplace, use 划分 when discussing organizational charts or workflows. It shows you are thinking about the structure of the company systematically.

Boundary Focus

Remember that 划分 is as much about where the boundary *is* as it is about the parts themselves. Use it when the line between things is important.

The 'Map' Trick

Whenever you see 划分, imagine a map with lines being drawn. This will help you remember that it's about partitioning a space or concept.

Avoid for Food

Unless you are a food scientist categorizing types of apples, don't use 划分 for food on your plate. Stick to '分' or '切'.

Formal Reports

In reports, use '重新划分' instead of '改一下' to describe changes in regional or departmental structures. It sounds much more authoritative.

Historical Eras

When writing about history, 划分 is the standard verb for 'periodization.' Example: '划分历史时期' (periodizing history).

Transitive Nature

Never use 划分 without an object. You must always specify *what* is being divided.

Tone Accuracy

The double 4th tone (huàfèn) can be tiring. Practice saying it quickly and sharply to avoid sounding like you are using different tones.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Hua' (Painter) using a 'Fen' (Pen) to divide a map. A 'Hua-Fen' is someone who plans divisions with precision.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant map of a city where someone is drawing thick, purple lines to separate the park from the office buildings. Those lines are the act of '划分'.

Word Web

划分界限 (Draw a line) 划分区域 (Partition area) 划分阶段 (Divide stages) 划分等级 (Grade levels) 划分责任 (Divide duty) 划分标准 (Division standard) 划分范畴 (Categorize) 重新划分 (Re-partition)

チャレンジ

Try to describe your daily routine using 划分. Divide your day into four 划分 sections and name them in Chinese.

語源

The word 划分 is composed of two characters. '划' (huà) originally depicted a knife (刂) making a mark or incision, evolving to mean 'to plan' or 'to delimit.' '分' (fēn) depicts a knife (刀) splitting something into two (八), meaning 'to divide.' Together, they form the concept of dividing something by making planned marks or boundaries.

元の意味： To mark out and divide land or property.

Sino-Tibetan (Sinitic).

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 划分 in political contexts regarding territory, as border 划分 can be a sensitive topic.

English speakers often use 'divide' for everything. In Chinese, using 划分 instead of just 分 shows a higher level of education and a focus on the logic behind the division.

The 'Partition of Poland' in Chinese history books is referred to as '瓜分' (carving up like a melon), which is a more aggressive form of 划分. Urban planning documents in China constantly use '功能划分' to describe city layouts. The 'Three-Stage Theory' of development often uses 划分 to define periods.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Urban Planning

划分住宅区
划分工业区
划分商业中心
土地划分

Project Management

划分项目阶段
划分团队职责
划分工作量
划分优先级

Academic Writing

划分研究范畴
划分文章段落
划分时间轴
划分理论模型

Daily Organization

划分学习计划
划分家务劳动
划分储物空间
划分个人开支

Computer Science

划分硬盘分区
划分数据块
划分网络子网
划分权限等级

会話のきっかけ

"你认为应该如何划分这个项目的不同阶段？"

"在这个城市里，哪个区域是被划分成商业区的？"

"我们该怎么划分这次活动的预算？"

"你觉得按照什么标准划分这些学生最公平？"

"在你的工作中，同事之间的职责划分得清楚吗？"

日記のテーマ

写一写你如何划分你一天的生活。你觉得这种划分有效吗？

描述一下你理想中的城市应该如何划分不同的功能区域。

如果你是一个历史学家，你会如何划分过去十年的历史阶段？

讨论一下在处理人际关系时，是否需要明确划分‘朋友’和‘熟人’的界限。

分析一下你的学习目标，并尝试将其划分为几个可以实现的小目标。

よくある質問

10 問

No, 划分 is very commonly used for abstract concepts such as time (划分阶段), responsibilities (划分职责), and categories (划分类别). In fact, its use for abstract logical divisions is one of its most important functions in formal Chinese.

分 (fēn) is a very general word for 'divide' or 'share' and can be used in almost any context. 划分 (huàfèn) is more formal and specific, implying that the division follows a plan or standard. You would '分' an apple, but you would '划分' a city into districts.

While you could technically use it, the standard word for sorting trash is '分类' (fēnlèi). However, if you were a government official deciding the rules for how trash categories should be created, you would be '划分' those categories.

You use the '被' (bèi) structure. For example: '这个地区被划分为两个市' (This area was partitioned into two cities). This focuses on the result of the division.

Yes, it is the standard term for 'partitioning.' For example, '磁盘划分' (disk partitioning) or '数据划分' (data partitioning) in databases.

Yes, but usually in a sociological or organizational sense. You can '划分受众' (partition an audience) or '划分阶层' (partition social classes). It is not used to physically separate two people who are fighting; for that, use '拉开' or '分开'.

Common objects include: 区域 (area), 阶段 (stage), 等级 (rank), 职责 (responsibility), 界限 (boundary), and 范畴 (category).

Not necessarily. It implies logic and system, but the division itself could be seen as unfair depending on the criteria used. However, because it is logical, it often feels more 'fair' than a random split.

Yes, you can say '划分等级' to describe the process of setting the score ranges for A, B, C, etc. For actually giving a student a grade, use '打分' or '评级'.

Yes, it is typically encountered at the HSK 5 or 6 level (New HSK B1/B2/C1) and is essential for higher-level reading and writing.

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