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B1 中級 英語 13:03 Educational

The Brain-Changing Benefits of Exercise | Wendy Suzuki | TED

TED · 11,599,962 回視聴 · 追加日 2週間前

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00:12

What if I told you there was something that you can do right now

00:17

that would have an immediate, positive benefit for your brain

00:20

including your mood and your focus?

00:24

And what if I told you that same thing could actually last a long time

00:29

and protect your brain from different conditions

00:32

like depression, Alzheimer's disease or dementia.

00:36

Would you do it?

00:37

Yes!

00:39

I am talking about the powerful effects of physical activity.

00:43

Simply moving your body,

00:46

has immediate, long-lasting and protective benefits for your brain.

00:51

And that can last for the rest of your life.

00:54

So what I want to do today is tell you a story

00:56

about how I used my deep understanding of neuroscience,

01:01

as a professor of neuroscience,

01:02

to essentially do an experiment on myself

01:05

in which I discovered the science underlying

01:08

why exercise is the most transformative thing

01:12

that you can do for your brain today.

01:15

Now, as a neuroscientist, I know that our brains,

01:19

that is the thing in our head right now,

01:22

that is the most complex structure known to humankind.

01:27

But it's one thing to talk about the brain,

01:29

and it's another to see it.

01:31

So here is a real preserved human brain.

01:34

And it's going to illustrate two key areas that we are going to talk about today.

01:38

The first is the prefrontal cortex, right behind your forehead,

01:42

critical for things like decision-making, focus, attention and your personality.

01:49

The second key area is located in the temporal lobe, shown right here.

01:53

You have two temporal lobes in your brain, the right and the left,

01:56

and deep in the temporal lobe is a key structure

01:59

critical for your ability

02:01

to form and retain new long-term memories for facts and events.

02:05

And that structure is called the hippocampus.

02:08

So I've always been fascinated with the hippocampus.

02:12

How could it be that an event that lasts just a moment,

02:17

say, your first kiss,

02:19

or the moment your first child was born,

02:23

can form a memory that has changed your brain,

02:26

that lasts an entire lifetime?

02:28

That's what I want to understand.

02:30

I wanted to start and record the activity of individual brain cells

02:35

in the hippocampus

02:37

as subjects were forming new memories.

02:39

And essentially try and decode how those brief bursts of electrical activity,

02:44

which is how neurons communicate with each other,

02:47

how those brief bursts either allowed us to form a new memory, or did not.

02:52

But a few years ago, I did something very unusual in science.

02:56

As a full professor of neural science,

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