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- When it comes to illusions,
optical illusions get all the attention.
But the whole body you have
can be fooled and can fool the brain.
One of my favorite physical illusions
is the thermal grill illusion.
and you can do it right at home.
I have some hot dog halves in an ice bath.
I also have warm hot dog halves.
Now what I'm going to do is marry the halves together
so that they alternate, warm, cool.
Warm, cool.
When I'm done, I will have a torture device.
But not one that hurts your body,
one that hurts your mind. [laughing]
[electronic music]
♪ ♪
Rosanna Pansino. - Hello, Michael.
- Welcome to "Mind Field." - [chuckles]
- Rosanna Pansino is the host of the YouTube cooking show
"Nerdy Nummies."
- Brain cake. Mmm.
- So I thought she would be the perfect candidate
to try out our hot dog illusion.
- Oh, yeah.
- Now you didn't hear or see anything I just did, right?
- No. - Good, all right.
Well, you are in for a treat.
What I want you to do is take the bottom of your forearm
and place it, skin showing... - Okay.
Right onto these hot dogs.
- Oh!
- What'd you feel? - Ouch.
But now touch them individually.
- Oh, like, hurt.
Cold, warm, cold, warm, cold, warm.
- But none of them is as hot as they all felt together.
So what's going on? - I don't know. Magic?
What's going on over here? - Can I try?
Of course I can try. It's my show.
- Yeah, do it. - Oh, yeah.
What we've built here is a version
of the thermal grill illusion.
And for reasons that are still being debated,
this can cause a sensation of pain.
Maybe the sensors we have, specific to hot and cold,
are both also specific to extreme pain.
And getting them to fire right together
makes the body think, "Whoa, whoa, whoa."
If they're both firing that near to each other,
that means get away. - Red alert.
- Red alert, yeah. - That's what my arm did.
- So what I'm really trying to say is
this is a great way to hurt someone
without there ever being a mark or any actual damage.
- That's pretty sneaky. - Do try this at home.
[tranquil music]
♪ ♪
- The surface of the human body
contains millions of nerve endings
that send touch-related sensory information to the brain.
But in some cases, those sensations
don't even need to be generated by nerve endings.
Ever heard of sympathy pain?
The most well-known type of sympathy pain
is called couvade syndrome.
It's when a pregnant woman's husband
goes through labor pains.
Husbands can actually sympathize
with their pregnant wives so much
that they experience the same problems,
such as weight gain, insomnia,
nausea, mood swings, et cetera.
Sympathy pain is also known as synesthetic pain.
It's pain sparked by seeing someone else get hurt.
- Ooh!
- Amputees can actually be more susceptible to it
because experiencing trauma can make the brain more sensitive
to other people's pain.
Amputees can also feel pain in the limb
that is no longer there.
That is known as phantom pain.
But perhaps the most surprising way
that the brain and pain interact
can be demonstrated by the nocebo effect.
Have you ever heard of the placebo effect?
It's like when a fake pain pill
actually cures a person's pain
because they have a positive expectation it will work.
Well, today,
we're demonstrating the exact opposite.
If a subject expects
they're going to experience something unpleasant,
like pain, will they feel it
even if it actually exists only in their mind.
We've told our subject that she's participating in a study
to test a non-invasive bone density scanner.
But actually, it's a totally fake machine
that we built from a desk lamp, an air compressor,
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