bureau
A bureau is an office that handles specific business or a piece of furniture with drawers.
Explanation at your level:
A bureau is a place where people work. It is an office. Sometimes, it is also a piece of furniture with drawers for your clothes. You put your shirts in the bureau.
You can use the word bureau to talk about a government office, like the FBI. You can also use it to describe a wooden dresser in your bedroom. It is a very useful word for both work and home.
The word bureau has two main meanings. First, it is an administrative department, often in a government. Second, it is a piece of furniture with drawers. It is important to know which one you mean based on the sentence!
Bureau is a noun that carries a sense of formality when used to describe organizations. It is often used in compound nouns like 'Weather Bureau.' In interior design, it refers to a specific style of chest of drawers, often with a writing surface.
The term bureau is intrinsically linked to the concept of bureaucracy. When used in a political or academic context, it implies a hierarchical structure. Its dual meaning—as both an office and a piece of furniture—demonstrates the evolution of language from physical objects to abstract institutions.
Etymologically, bureau serves as a bridge between the tactile world of 17th-century textiles and the modern administrative state. Its usage in literature often evokes a sense of stuffy, organized, or rigid environments. Mastering this word requires recognizing its shift from a specific type of fabric-covered desk to a broad term for organized institutional power.
30초 단어
- A bureau is an office or department.
- It is also a chest of drawers.
- The plural is bureaus or bureaux.
- It comes from French.
The word bureau is a fascinating example of how language changes over time. At its core, it acts as a bridge between the world of bureaucracy and the world of interior design.
When you hear it in the news, it almost always refers to an office or a department. Think of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). It implies a structured, organized group of people working toward a common, often official, goal.
On the other hand, if you are shopping for furniture, you might encounter a bureau as a chest of drawers. It is a classic piece of furniture that helps keep your room tidy. Understanding context is key here; if someone says they are 'going to the bureau,' they are definitely not walking into a dresser!
The word bureau comes directly from the French language. Interestingly, it originally referred to a coarse woolen cloth used to cover desks.
Over time, the word shifted from describing the cover of the desk to the desk itself. By the 17th century, it was being used to describe the office where such desks were kept. This is a perfect example of metonymy, where the object associated with a place becomes the name of the place itself.
It is related to the French word burel, which means a dark brown cloth. It is a fun historical fact that our modern government agencies are named after a piece of fabric that once covered a writer's table!
In professional settings, bureau is almost exclusively used in formal titles. You will see it paired with words like federal, national, or information. It sounds official, authoritative, and structured.
When talking about furniture, it is a bit more casual, though it can sound slightly old-fashioned or sophisticated depending on the region. In some parts of the US, people prefer 'dresser' or 'chest of drawers,' but 'bureau' remains a standard term in interior design.
Remember: use it to sound professional when discussing organizations, and use it to sound descriptive when discussing home organization.
While 'bureau' itself isn't the base of many common idioms, it is the root of bureaucracy, which appears in many phrases.
- Red tape: Refers to excessive bureaucracy. Example: 'The bureau was tied up in red tape.'
- Bureaucratic nightmare: A situation involving too many rules. Example: 'Getting the permit was a bureaucratic nightmare.'
- Bureaucratic shuffle: Moving tasks between departments to avoid work.
- Bureau of missing persons: A metaphorical term for a place where things are lost.
- Bureau-style: Referring to a specific organized way of doing things.
The plural of bureau is bureaus or bureaux. Both are correct, though bureaus is more common in American English, while bureaux reflects the French origin.
Pronunciation is tricky! In US English, it is BYUR-oh. In UK English, it is often BYU-roh. It rhymes with thorough, furrow, and burrow.
It is a countable noun. You can have 'one bureau' or 'many bureaus.' Always use an article (a/the) when referring to it as a piece of furniture.
Fun Fact
The word evolved from the fabric covering the desk to the desk itself, and finally to the office.
Pronunciation Guide
Sounds like 'BYUR-oh'
Sounds like 'BYUR-oh'
Common Errors
- Mispronouncing the 'eau' as 'ee-ow'
- Putting stress on the second syllable
- Confusing with 'burrow'
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Easy to read
Easy to use
Easy to pronounce
Easy to hear
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
고급
Grammar to Know
Pluralization of French loanwords
bureau -> bureaus
Countable vs Uncountable
a bureau
Compound Nouns
weather bureau
Examples by Level
The bureau is in the office.
office room
noun
My clothes are in the bureau.
dresser
noun
He works at the bureau.
workplace
noun
The bureau is big.
large size
adjective
I bought a new bureau.
purchased
past tense
The bureau is brown.
color
adjective
She cleaned the bureau.
tidied
past tense
This is my bureau.
possession
possessive
The weather bureau predicted rain.
She keeps her socks in the bureau.
The FBI is a famous bureau.
He organized his files at the bureau.
The bureau has four large drawers.
I visited the information bureau.
The bureau is made of oak.
They closed the local employment bureau.
The travel bureau helped us book our trip.
He leaned against the old wooden bureau.
The statistics bureau released a new report.
She polished the top of the bureau.
The bureau is responsible for public safety.
I found the letter inside the bureau.
The bureau requires a lot of paperwork.
We need to move the bureau to the other wall.
The bureau operates under strict government guidelines.
Her bedroom features an antique mahogany bureau.
The bureau was established to monitor trade.
He kept his secret journals in the bottom drawer of the bureau.
The bureau's director announced a new policy.
It is a classic bureau with a drop-down writing desk.
The bureau coordinates between various departments.
She inherited a beautiful Victorian bureau.
The bureau acts as the primary regulatory body for the region.
His office was cluttered with files, a stark contrast to the neatness of his bureau.
The bureau's mandate includes oversight of all local infrastructure.
The bureau is a relic of a more formal administrative era.
She meticulously organized her correspondence within the bureau.
The bureau functions as a clearinghouse for international data.
The bureau's influence has grown significantly over the last decade.
The antique bureau serves as the centerpiece of the library.
The bureau represents the quintessence of mid-century administrative architecture.
The bureau's internal structure is notoriously opaque to outsiders.
He discovered a hidden compartment within the bureau's ornate frame.
The bureau serves as a bastion of institutional stability.
The bureau's policies are often criticized for their rigidity.
The bureau is a testament to the era's focus on structured organization.
She curated the collection within the bureau with great care.
The bureau's history is inextricably linked to the city's development.
동의어
반의어
자주 쓰는 조합
Idioms & Expressions
"Bureau of missing persons"
A place where lost things or people are handled
My keys are in the bureau of missing persons.
informal"Bureaucratic red tape"
Excessive rules
We are stuck in bureaucratic red tape.
neutral"Bureaucratic shuffle"
Moving work around to avoid it
It was just a bureaucratic shuffle.
neutral"By the book"
Following rules strictly (bureaucratic style)
He does everything by the book.
neutral"Bureau-style"
Organized and rigid
The meeting was very bureau-style.
casualEasily Confused
Sounds similar
Burrow is an animal hole
The rabbit is in its burrow.
Same object
Dresser is more common for furniture
I put clothes in the dresser.
General workplace
Bureau is a specific type of office
I work in a general office.
Similar function
Agency is a broader term
The travel agency is open.
Sentence Patterns
The [bureau] is [location]
The bureau is in the city.
I keep [item] in the [bureau]
I keep my shirts in the bureau.
The [bureau] handles [task]
The bureau handles public complaints.
He works for the [bureau]
He works for the statistics bureau.
She bought an antique [bureau]
She bought an antique bureau for her room.
어휘 가족
Nouns
Adjectives
관련
How to Use It
7/10
Formality Scale
자주 하는 실수
It implies a specific department.
The 'eau' is a French ending.
The spelling rules for French words.
Phonetic similarity.
It has two distinct meanings.
Tips
Memory Palace
Visualize a bureau in your house filled with government files.
Context Clues
If it's in a bedroom, it's furniture. If it's in the news, it's an agency.
The FBI
Remember the FBI is a 'Bureau'.
Pluralization
Use 'bureaus' for standard English.
The French Ending
Don't pronounce the 'eau' like 'out'.
Don't confuse with burrow
Bureau is for people/clothes, burrow is for rabbits.
Fabric Origins
It started as a cloth!
Sentence Building
Write two sentences: one for furniture, one for work.
Stress
Stress the first syllable.
Formal Tone
Use 'bureau' to sound more professional.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
BUREAU: Big Units Really Enjoy Organizing
Visual Association
Imagine a large wooden dresser that is actually a tiny office with people working inside the drawers.
Word Web
챌린지
Use the word 'bureau' in a sentence about your furniture and one about a government agency today.
어원
French
Original meaning: A coarse woolen cloth (burel) used to cover desks.
문화적 맥락
None, though 'bureaucratic' can have negative connotations.
Commonly used in government titles (FBI).
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
At work
- The bureau head
- Bureau policy
- Report to the bureau
At home
- Wooden bureau
- Clean the bureau
- Inside the bureau
In the news
- Federal bureau
- Bureau investigation
- Bureau report
Shopping
- Antique bureau
- Buy a bureau
- Check the drawers
Conversation Starters
"Do you have a bureau in your bedroom?"
"What do you think of government bureaus?"
"Is it hard to find a good antique bureau?"
"Have you ever visited a government bureau?"
"What is the difference between a desk and a bureau?"
Journal Prompts
Describe the furniture in your room.
Write about a time you had to deal with a government office.
Why do you think the word 'bureau' has two meanings?
Imagine a bureau that is also a secret office.
자주 묻는 질문
8 질문Sometimes, but a bureau is often a chest of drawers.
Bureaus or bureaux.
Yes, especially when referring to agencies.
French.
Usually only for specific, named departments.
Yes, though 'chest of drawers' is more common for furniture.
Yes, in many contexts.
Because it is a specific investigative department.
셀프 테스트
I keep my socks in the ___.
A bureau is furniture for clothes.
Which of these is a bureau?
A bureau is an office or furniture.
A bureau can be a piece of furniture.
Yes, it is a chest of drawers.
Word
뜻
Matching concepts.
Subject-verb-prepositional phrase.
점수: /5
Summary
A bureau is either a place where business is done or a place where your clothes are kept.
- A bureau is an office or department.
- It is also a chest of drawers.
- The plural is bureaus or bureaux.
- It comes from French.
Memory Palace
Visualize a bureau in your house filled with government files.
Context Clues
If it's in a bedroom, it's furniture. If it's in the news, it's an agency.
The FBI
Remember the FBI is a 'Bureau'.
Pluralization
Use 'bureaus' for standard English.
예시
He kept his birth certificate in the top drawer of the antique bureau.
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