A2 Pronouns 20 min read 쉬움

스페인어 대명사 위치: 동사 앞일까, 뒤일까? (Posición de pronombres)

대명사는 활용된 동사 앞에는 그대로 오지만, «부정사», «동명사», 그리고 «긍정 명령문» 뒤에는 «붙을 수» 있어요.

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Spanish, object pronouns usually go before the conjugated verb, but they can attach to the end of infinitives or gerunds.

  • Before conjugated verbs: 'Lo veo' (I see it).
  • Attached to infinitives: 'Quiero verlo' (I want to see it).
  • Attached to gerunds: 'Estoy viéndolo' (I am seeing it).
Pronoun + Verb (conjugated) OR Verb (infinitive/gerund) + Pronoun

Overview

스페인어 단어로 테트리스를 하는 기분을 느낀 적이 있나요... (Full translation in Korean)

Pronoun Placement Rules

Verb Type Placement Example
Conjugated
Before
Lo veo
Infinitive
After (or Before)
Quiero verlo / Lo quiero ver
Gerund
After (or Before)
Estoy viéndolo / Lo estoy viendo
Negative
Before
No lo veo

Meanings

This rule governs where direct and indirect object pronouns (me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los, las) are placed relative to the verb.

1

Standard Placement

Pronouns precede the conjugated verb.

“La llamo mañana.”

“Te escribo pronto.”

2

Infinitive Attachment

Pronouns attach to the end of an infinitive verb.

“Voy a llamarla.”

“Necesito comprarlo.”

3

Gerund Attachment

Pronouns attach to the end of a gerund (-ando/-iendo).

“Estoy leyéndolo.”

“Sigue explicándomelo.”

Reference Table

Reference table for 스페인어 대명사 위치: 동사 앞일까, 뒤일까? (Posición de pronombres)
동사 형태 대명사 위치 예시 번역
활용된 동사
앞에
`Me` encanta
나는 그것을 아주 좋아해
부정사
앞 또는 뒤
Quiero ver`te` / `Te` quiero ver
나는 너를 보고 싶어
동명사
앞 또는 뒤
Está leyéndo`lo` / `Lo` está leyendo
그/그녀는 그것을 읽고 있어
긍정 명령문
뒤에 붙임
¡Cómpralo!
그것을 사!
부정 명령문
앞에
¡No lo compres!
그것을 사지 마!
이중 (간접+직접)
간접 목적격 다음 직접 목적격
Te `lo` doy
내가 너에게 그것을 줘

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Deseo verlo.

Deseo verlo. (Expressing desire)

중립
Quiero verlo.

Quiero verlo. (Expressing desire)

비격식체
Lo quiero ver.

Lo quiero ver. (Expressing desire)

속어
Quiero verlo, tío.

Quiero verlo, tío. (Expressing desire)

스페인어 대명사 종류

대명사

직접 목적격

  • lo 그것/그
  • la 그것/그녀

간접 목적격

  • me 나에게
  • te 너에게

동사 앞 vs. 뒤

동사 앞
Lo como 나는 그것을 먹는다
Te llamo 나는 너에게 전화한다
동사 뒤
Comerlo 그것을 먹는 것
¡Llamame! 나에게 전화해!

대명사는 어디에 가나요?

1

동사가 활용되었나요?

YES
동사 앞에 놓으세요.
NO
다음 단계로 가세요.
2

부정사 또는 동명사인가요?

YES
구 전체 앞에 놓거나 끝에 붙이세요.
NO ↓

RID 순서

🔄

1. 재귀 대명사

  • me
  • te
  • se
🎁

2. 간접 목적격

  • me
  • te
  • le
📦

3. 직접 목적격

  • lo
  • la
  • los

수준별 예문

1

Lo veo.

I see it.

2

La quiero.

I love her.

3

Te llamo.

I call you.

4

Los compro.

I buy them.

1

Quiero verlo.

I want to see it.

2

Voy a comprarlo.

I am going to buy it.

3

No lo quiero ver.

I don't want to see it.

4

Puedes ayudarme?

Can you help me?

1

Estoy leyéndolo.

I am reading it.

2

Sigue explicándomelo.

Keep explaining it to me.

3

Me lo tienes que dar.

You have to give it to me.

4

Debes terminarlo hoy.

You must finish it today.

1

Lo quiero terminar ya.

I want to finish it now.

2

No te lo puedo decir.

I can't tell it to you.

3

Había que hacerlo.

It had to be done.

4

Podrías explicármelo?

Could you explain it to me?

1

Lo vengo pensando hace días.

I've been thinking about it for days.

2

No se lo ha querido decir.

He hasn't wanted to tell it to him.

3

Debió haberlo hecho antes.

He should have done it before.

4

Se lo voy a estar enviando.

I will be sending it to him.

1

Habiéndolo visto, cambié de opinión.

Having seen it, I changed my mind.

2

No me lo habría imaginado jamás.

I would never have imagined it.

3

Quisiera poder explicártelo mejor.

I would like to be able to explain it better to you.

4

Se lo ha de haber dicho ya.

He must have told him already.

혼동하기 쉬운

Spanish Pronoun Placement: Before or After? (Posición de pronombres) Direct vs Indirect Pronouns

Learners mix up 'lo' and 'le'.

Spanish Pronoun Placement: Before or After? (Posición de pronombres) Imperative Placement

Learners think commands follow the same rules as conjugated verbs.

Spanish Pronoun Placement: Before or After? (Posición de pronombres) Negative Imperatives

Learners attach pronouns to negative commands.

자주 하는 실수

Veolo

Lo veo

Pronouns must precede conjugated verbs.

Compro lo

Lo compro

Pronouns are not separate words in this position.

Lo quiero

Lo quiero

Wait, this is correct! But learners often say 'Quiero lo'.

Ayuda me

Ayúdame

Imperatives also attach pronouns.

Quiero lo ver

Quiero verlo

Pronouns attach to the end of infinitives.

Estoy lo viendo

Estoy viéndolo

Pronouns attach to gerunds.

No quiero verlo

No lo quiero ver

In negative sentences, the pronoun must go before the conjugated verb.

Comiendolo

Comiéndolo

Missing accent mark on gerund.

Lo estoy viéndolo

Lo estoy viendo

Don't double the pronoun.

No lo quiero verlo

No lo quiero ver

Redundant pronoun usage.

Lo he querido haberlo hecho

He querido haberlo hecho

Complex verb chains require careful placement.

Se lo ha de haberlo dicho

Se lo ha de haber dicho

Avoid redundant clitics.

Habiendo lo visto

Habiéndolo visto

Accent placement in complex gerunds.

문장 패턴

___ (pronoun) + ___ (conjugated verb).

Quiero ___ (infinitive + pronoun).

Estoy ___ (gerund + pronoun).

No ___ (pronoun) + ___ (conjugated verb).

Real World Usage

Texting constant

Te lo digo luego.

Ordering food very common

Quiero pedirlo para llevar.

Job interview common

Puedo hacerlo.

Travel common

¿Dónde puedo encontrarlo?

Social media constant

¡Lo estoy viendo!

Customer support common

Se lo enviamos pronto.

⚠️

동사 사이 끼워 넣기 금지

동사 두 개 사이에 대명사를 넣는 건 절대 안 돼요! 마치 커플을 억지로 떼어놓는 것과 같아요. quiero lo comprar처럼 말하면 안 된답니다.
🎯

악센트의 비밀

동명사(-ndo) 뒤에 대명사를 붙이면, 원래 강세가 있던 모음(주로 'a'나 'e')에 악센트 표시를 해야 할 때가 많아요. 예를 들어 haciéndolo처럼요.
💬

문자 메시지 스타일

요즘 메시지 보낼 때는 부정사 뒤에 대명사를 붙이는 게 (voy a decirte) 더 빠르고 직접적인 느낌이라 많이 쓰여요.

Smart Tips

Try moving the pronoun to the end to see if it sounds better.

Lo quiero comprar. Quiero comprarlo.

Always check for the accent mark.

Estoy haciendolo. Estoy haciéndolo.

Keep the pronoun before the verb.

No quiero verlo. No lo quiero ver.

Don't put the pronoun between the two verbs.

Quiero lo ver. Quiero verlo.

발음

comiendo -> comiéndolo

Accent marks

When you attach a pronoun to a gerund, the stress moves, so you must add an accent.

Falling

Lo veo ↓

Statement of fact

암기하기

기억법

Conjugated verbs are like magnets: they pull the pronoun to the front. Infinitives are like glue: they stick the pronoun to the back.

시각적 연상

Imagine a magnet (the conjugated verb) pulling a metal ball (the pronoun) to its front. Then imagine a piece of tape (the infinitive) sticking the ball to the back.

Rhyme

Conjugated verb, put it in front. Infinitive, stick it to the back, that's the hunt.

Story

Maria wants to buy a dress. She says 'Quiero comprarlo' (sticking it to the back). But her friend says 'Lo quiero comprar' (pulling it to the front). Both are happy because both are correct.

Word Web

lolaloslasmetenosos

챌린지

Write 5 sentences using 'querer' + infinitive and place the pronoun in both possible positions.

문화 노트

Use of 'os' is standard for 'you all'.

Pronoun placement is very standard.

Voseo doesn't change pronoun placement.

Spanish pronouns are derived from Latin clitics that were unstressed.

대화 시작하기

¿Puedes ayudarme con esto?

¿Lo has visto?

¿Estás buscándolo?

¿Me lo puedes explicar?

일기 주제

Describe your daily routine using object pronouns.
Write about what you want to do this weekend.
Explain a process you are currently learning.
Discuss a difficult decision you had to make.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답


Incorrect

정답

Test Yourself

빈칸에 올바른 대명사 위치를 채워보세요.

Yo (it) ___ quiero comprar.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lo
단순히 활용된 동사 문장에서는 직접 목적격 대명사(lo)가 동사 앞에 와요.
문법적으로 올바른 문장을 고르세요. 객관식

'I want to see you'를 올바르게 말하는 방법을 고르세요.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Te quiero ver.
대명사를 조동사 앞에 놓거나 부정사에 붙일 수 있어요. 'Quiero te ver'는 대명사가 두 동사 사이에 올 수 없기 때문에 틀린 문장이에요.
실수를 찾아 고치세요. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Le lo doy a mi hermano.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Se lo doy a mi hermano.
'le'와 'lo'가 함께 올 때, 'le'는 이중 'L' 소리를 피하기 위해 'se'로 바뀌어야 해요.

Score: /3

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the correct pronoun.

Yo ___ veo. (I see it)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lo
Direct object 'it' is 'lo'.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Both 1 and 3
Both positions are correct for infinitives.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Estoy comiendolo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Estoy comiéndolo
Gerunds need an accent.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

ver / quiero / lo

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Both 1 and 2
Both are correct.
Translate to Spanish. 번역

I am buying it.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Both
Both are correct.
True or False? True False Rule

Can you attach a pronoun to a conjugated verb?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: False
Never attach to conjugated verbs.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: ¿Tienes el libro? B: Sí, ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: lo tengo
Conjugated verb needs pronoun before.
Build a sentence. Sentence Building

No / querer / verlo

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: No lo quiero ver
Negative sentences require pronoun before.

Score: /8

Practice Bank

5 exercises
단어들을 올바른 순서로 배열하세요. Sentence Reorder

lo / comprar / quiero

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Lo quiero comprar.
스페인어로 번역하세요. 번역

Give it to me! (Affirmative command)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ¡Dámelo!
빈칸을 채우세요. 빈칸 채우기

No (me) ___ digas la verdad.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: me
다음과 일치하는 것을 고르세요. Match Pairs

다음과 일치하는 것을 고르세요:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Match successfully
대명사 위치를 고치세요. Error Correction

Estoy lo haciendo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Lo estoy haciendo.

Score: /5

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

Because the pronoun must either be before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive.

They are both correct, but 'Quiero verlo' is slightly more common.

Yes, if you attach a pronoun, you must add an accent to the original stressed syllable.

They follow the exact same rules as direct objects.

Yes, the placement rules are consistent, though pronoun choice (le/lo) varies.

No, pronouns cannot attach to past participles.

They both move together as a block.

Direct receives the action; indirect receives the benefit.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

In Other Languages

French high

Je le vois

French does not allow attachment to infinitives.

German low

Ich sehe es

German word order is fixed differently.

Japanese none

Sore o miru

Japanese doesn't use clitic pronouns.

Arabic partial

Arahu

Arabic is strictly enclitic.

Chinese none

Wo kan ta

Chinese has no pronoun movement.

Italian high

Lo vedo

Italian has more complex clitic combinations.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

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