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A2 noun #7,500 가장 일반적인 17분 분량

judías

상위 7,500

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 judías 30초 만에

설명 judías in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word 'judías' is introduced as a basic vocabulary item related to food and shopping. Students learn that 'judías' means beans and is a feminine plural noun. The focus is on simple identification and preference. For example, a student might learn to say 'Me gustan las judías' (I like beans) or 'Compro judías en el mercado' (I buy beans at the market). At this stage, learners are not expected to know the complex regional variations like 'porotos' or 'caraotas', but they should be able to distinguish between 'judías verdes' (green beans) and 'judías blancas' (white beans). The emphasis is on building a foundation of essential nouns to describe everyday life and basic meals. Exercises often involve matching pictures of beans to the word or practicing the plural article 'las'. The goal is for the student to feel comfortable recognizing the word on a simple menu or in a grocery store setting. Pronunciation is also a key focus, specifically mastering the aspirated 'j' sound which is characteristic of the Spanish language. By the end of A1, a student should be able to include 'judías' in a list of vegetables they know and use it in very basic subject-verb-object sentences.

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At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'judías' in more varied contexts and with more descriptive language. They move beyond simple preference to describing how they cook or eat them. For example, 'Suelo cocinar judías con patatas para cenar' (I usually cook beans with potatoes for dinner). Students at this level should be aware of the most common adjectives used with 'judías', such as 'frescas' (fresh), 'en conserva' (canned), or 'tiernas' (tender). They also start to learn about the cultural importance of beans in the Spanish diet, perhaps encountering the word in short texts about traditional dishes like 'cocido'. Grammatically, the focus shifts to using 'judías' with different tenses, such as the past tense to describe what they ate: 'Ayer comí judías verdes'. Learners are also introduced to the idea that different regions might use different words, though they primarily stick to 'judías' or 'alubias'. Exercises might include following a simple three-step recipe for boiling beans or participating in a role-play at a vegetable stall. The A2 student is expected to handle basic interactions involving the word, such as asking for a specific quantity or price in a market setting.

At the B1 level, the use of 'judías' becomes more sophisticated as students gain the ability to express opinions, give advice, and discuss health and nutrition. A B1 learner might explain why they prefer one type of bean over another: 'Prefiero las judías blancas porque son más cremosas que las pintas'. They can also understand and use the word in the context of healthy eating habits, such as 'Es recomendable comer judías al menos dos veces por semana por su alto contenido en fibra'. At this stage, students are expected to be familiar with more complex culinary verbs like 'saltear', 'aliñar', or 'estofar'. They should also be able to understand more detailed recipes and cooking tips, such as the concept of 'asustar las judías' mentioned in cultural notes. Regional variations become more important, and a B1 student should recognize that 'frijoles' and 'habichuelas' are synonyms they might encounter in different Spanish-speaking countries. Exercises at this level often involve reading longer texts about Mediterranean gastronomy or writing a paragraph about a traditional meal from their own country, comparing it to Spanish bean dishes. The B1 learner is moving towards fluency and can use 'judías' in a wider range of social and practical situations.

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At the B2 level, students are expected to use 'judías' with a high degree of accuracy and nuance. They can participate in debates about food production, organic farming, or the environmental impact of certain diets, using 'las judías' as an example of a sustainable protein source. Their vocabulary expands to include more technical terms related to the plant, such as 'vainas' (pods) or 'cultivo' (cultivation). A B2 learner can understand nuanced descriptions in literature or high-level journalism, such as an article discussing the 'recuperación de variedades antiguas de judías' (recovery of ancient bean varieties). They are also comfortable with idiomatic expressions or metaphors that might involve food, although specific idioms for 'judías' are rarer than for other vegetables. At this level, the student should be able to effortlessly switch between regional terms if they are speaking to someone from Latin America, showing a broad linguistic awareness. Exercises might include analyzing a documentary clip about Spanish agriculture or writing a formal letter to a food supplier. The B2 student's command of the word is firm, allowing them to use it in both formal and informal registers without hesitation.

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At the C1 level, the word 'judías' is treated with the depth of a native speaker. The student understands the historical, etymological, and sociological implications of the word. They can discuss how the introduction of beans from the Americas transformed European agriculture and how the word itself evolved from its Arabic roots. A C1 learner can appreciate the subtle differences in meaning and connotation between 'judías', 'alubias', and 'habichuelas' in different literary contexts. They can follow complex culinary demonstrations that use specialized terminology and can describe the sensory experience of eating different types of beans with great detail. For example, they might describe the 'textura mantecosa' (buttery texture) of a 'judión de la Granja' or the 'aroma terroso' (earthy aroma) of 'judías negras'. Their writing is sophisticated, using 'judías' in essays about culture, health, or history with ease. Exercises at this level might involve translating complex culinary texts or participating in a seminar about the history of the Mediterranean diet. The C1 student has a complete grasp of the word's place in the Spanish language and culture.

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At the C2 level, mastery of 'judías' is absolute. The learner can navigate any context, from a highly technical botanical paper to a regional dialectal conversation in a remote village. They are aware of the rarest regionalisms and the most obscure historical uses of the word. A C2 speaker can identify the origin of a speaker based on whether they use 'judías', 'habichuelas', or 'porotos' and can adapt their own speech perfectly to match. They can appreciate wordplay, puns, and deep cultural references involving beans in Spanish cinema, theatre, or poetry. For example, they might analyze the symbolism of a simple plate of beans in a post-war Spanish novel as a sign of poverty and resilience. Their use of the word is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, characterized by precision, stylistic flexibility, and a deep understanding of the cultural 'weight' the word carries. At this level, the learner doesn't just know the word; they inhabit the culture that created it. Exercises involve critiquing academic papers on food history or creating complex creative writing pieces that use culinary metaphors to explore human themes.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

judías 30초 만에

Judías is the standard word for beans in Spain, encompassing both fresh green pods and dried seeds.
It is a feminine plural noun (las judías) and is a cornerstone of the healthy Mediterranean diet.
Common types include judías verdes (green beans), judías blancas (white), and judías pintas (pinto).
In Latin America, synonyms like frijoles, porotos, or habichuelas are more frequently used than judías.

The word judías is a fundamental noun in the Spanish culinary lexicon, primarily used in Spain to refer to various types of beans. Botanically, it encompasses the seeds and pods of the Phaseolus vulgaris plant. When you walk into a Spanish market, or 'mercado', you will encounter this word frequently, but its meaning can shift slightly depending on the adjective that follows it. For instance, 'judías verdes' refers to the long, slender green pods often served as a side dish or in stews, while 'judías blancas' refers to the dried white seeds used in hearty winter soups. Understanding this word is essential for anyone wishing to navigate a Spanish menu or cook traditional Iberian recipes. The term is deeply rooted in the agricultural history of the peninsula, representing a staple protein source for centuries. It is important to note that while 'judías' is the standard term in Spain, you will hear different words for beans in Latin America, such as 'frijoles', 'habichuelas', or 'porotos'. However, in a European Spanish context, 'judías' is the undisputed king of the bean world.

Common Varieties: Judías verdes (green beans), judías blancas (white beans), and judías pintas (pinto or speckled beans).

In daily conversation, 'judías' is used in both domestic and professional kitchen settings. You might hear a mother telling her child to finish their 'judías verdes' to ensure they get enough vitamins, or a chef in a high-end restaurant describing a 'crema de judías blancas con trufa'. The versatility of the bean in Spanish cuisine—ranging from the simple 'judías con jamón' to the complex 'fabada' (though the latter specifically uses a variety called 'fabas')—means the word is ubiquitous. It carries a connotation of wholesomeness, tradition, and nutritional value. In some regions, the word is also used metaphorically, though less commonly than other food items like 'pan' or 'leche'.

Para la cena de hoy, he preparado unas judías verdes con un poco de ajo y aceite de oliva.

The usage of 'judías' also extends to historical and cultural discussions about the Mediterranean diet. Nutritionists frequently cite 'las judías' as a key component of a healthy lifestyle due to their high fiber and protein content. When discussing food security or agricultural history, 'las judías' are often mentioned alongside chickpeas (garbanzos) and lentils (lentejas) as the 'legumbres' that sustained the population during difficult times. This historical weight gives the word a sense of reliability and groundedness. It is not a 'fancy' word, but it is a vital one.

Culinary Category: Classified as 'legumbres' (legumes), they are a cornerstone of the Mediterranean diet.

Furthermore, the word 'judías' is phonetically distinct and easy to recognize once you become familiar with the Spanish 'j' sound (the voiceless velar fricative). It is often one of the first vegetable words students learn after 'patata' and 'tomate'. In a restaurant context, you will see it in the 'primeros platos' (first courses) section, often served as a vegetable starter or as part of a 'menú del día'. Because beans are so central to the Spanish identity, knowing the nuances of 'judías' allows you to participate more fully in the social act of eating, which is central to Spanish culture.

¿Prefieres las judías blancas en ensalada o en un guiso caliente?

Finally, it is worth noting the regional variations within Spain itself. While 'judías' is common in Madrid and the central regions, in the north, you might hear 'alubias', and in the south, 'habichuelas'. Despite these variations, 'judías' remains the most widely understood term and is the one used in most official contexts, cookbooks, and supermarket labeling. Mastery of this word demonstrates a specific familiarity with Peninsular Spanish that will serve you well in any Spanish city.

Las judías de la Granja son famosas por su gran tamaño y su textura suave.

Regional Synonyms: Alubias (North), Habichuelas (South/Andalusia), Frijoles (Latin America).

Es tradicional comer judías con chorizo durante los meses de invierno.

Using 'judías' correctly in a sentence requires an understanding of basic Spanish grammar, specifically gender and number agreement. 'Judías' is a feminine, plural noun. Therefore, any articles or adjectives modifying it must also be feminine and plural. You will almost always see it preceded by 'las' (the) or 'unas' (some). For example, 'Las judías están deliciosas' (The beans are delicious). If you are referring to a single bean, you would use 'la judía', but this is rare unless you are discussing a specific botanical specimen or a single bean left on a plate.

Grammar Rule: Always use feminine plural agreement: 'las judías verdes', 'muchas judías', 'esas judías'.

When talking about cooking, 'judías' often acts as the direct object of verbs like 'cocer' (to boil/cook), 'limpiar' (to clean), 'saltar' (to sauté), or 'remojar' (to soak). A typical instruction in a recipe might read: 'Remoja las judías blancas durante toda la noche' (Soak the white beans overnight). In a restaurant, you might use it with the verb 'querer' (to want) or 'pedir' (to order): 'Quisiera las judías verdes de primero, por favor' (I would like the green beans as a first course, please). Notice how the adjective 'verdes' remains the same regardless of gender, but other adjectives like 'blancas' or 'pintas' must match the feminine 'judías'.

Primero hay que quitar las puntas de las judías antes de hervirlas.

Another common construction involves the preposition 'con' (with) to describe dishes. 'Judías con patatas' (Beans with potatoes) is a classic, humble Spanish dish. You can also use 'de' to indicate the type: 'un plato de judías' (a plate of beans). When describing the state of the beans, you might use 'tiernas' (tender) or 'duras' (hard/undercooked). For example, 'Estas judías todavía están un poco duras' (These beans are still a bit hard). Using these descriptive adjectives helps provide more specific information about the food you are eating or preparing.

Common Verb Pairings: Cocer (to boil), Saltear (to sauté), Aliñar (to season/dress), Cultivar (to grow).

In more advanced usage, you might use 'judías' in comparative sentences. 'Estas judías son más sabrosas que las que compramos la semana pasada' (These beans are tastier than the ones we bought last week). Or in superlative forms: 'Son las judías más ricas que he probado nunca' (They are the most delicious beans I have ever tasted). Because food is such a frequent topic of conversation in Spanish-speaking cultures, being able to express opinions about 'las judías' using these comparative structures is very useful.

¿Has probado ya las judías que cultivamos en el huerto este verano?

Context is also key when using the word in its singular form, 'judía'. While it primarily means a single bean, it can also refer to the bean plant itself. 'La judía es una planta trepadora' (The bean is a climbing plant). However, in 99% of culinary contexts, you will use the plural. If you are in a shop and want to buy a specific amount, you would say 'un kilo de judías' or 'un bote de judías' (a jar of beans). This quantitative approach is standard for all legumes in Spanish.

Me gusta añadir un puñado de judías a la ensalada para que sea más nutritiva.

Quantifiers: Un kilo de (a kilo of), un puñado de (a handful of), un bote de (a jar of), una ración de (a portion of).

Si no tienes judías frescas, puedes usar las que vienen en conserva.

The most common place to hear the word 'judías' is in the 'mercados de abastos' (traditional food markets) across Spain. As you walk past the vegetable stalls, you will hear vendors shouting their daily offers: '¡A euro el kilo de judías tiernas!' (Fresh beans for one euro a kilo!). These markets are the heartbeat of Spanish social life, and 'judías' are a staple item on every shopping list. You will also hear it in supermarkets, where the 'legumbres' aisle is filled with dried, canned, and jarred versions of 'judías blancas', 'judías pintas', and 'judías negras'. Listening to how locals ask for their 'medio kilo de judías' is a great way to pick up natural phrasing and intonation.

Market Phrases: '¿A cuánto están las judías hoy?' (How much are the beans today?) or 'Póngame una bolsa de judías, por favor.'

In Spanish households, 'judías' is a word associated with 'comida casera' (home-cooked food). You might hear a grandmother explaining how she makes her famous 'guiso de judías', emphasizing the importance of 'asustar las judías' (scaring the beans)—a traditional technique of adding cold water to the boiling pot to stop the cooking briefly and make them softer. This cultural knowledge is often passed down orally, making the word part of a rich domestic vocabulary. If you are invited to a Spanish home for lunch, 'judías verdes con patatas' is a very likely 'primer plato', and you will certainly hear the word mentioned during the meal.

En el mercado, siempre busco las judías que no tienen hilos para que sean más fáciles de comer.

Restaurants, particularly those serving 'cocina tradicional' or 'menús del día', are another primary location for hearing this word. The waiter might list the daily specials: 'De primero tenemos ensalada mixta, lentejas o judías con jamón'. In this context, 'judías' almost always refers to green beans unless specified as 'blancas' or 'pintas'. On more formal menus, you might see 'judiones' (large beans), which are a specific, highly-prized variety of 'judías' from the La Granja region near Segovia. Hearing a waiter describe the 'suavidad de los judiones' is a treat for any food lover.

Restaurant Contexts: Look for them in 'Primeros Platos' (First Courses) or as 'Guarniciones' (Sides).

Television cooking shows, which are immensely popular in Spain (like 'MasterChef España' or programs hosted by Karlos Arguiñano), frequently feature 'judías'. These shows are excellent for hearing the word used in a variety of technical and creative ways. You will hear chefs discuss the 'punto de cocción' (cooking point) of the beans or how to 'envasar las judías al vacío' (vacuum-pack the beans). This exposure helps learners understand that 'judías' is not just a basic food item but a versatile ingredient capable of being used in sophisticated gastronomy.

El camarero nos recomendó las judías blancas con almejas, una especialidad de la casa.

Finally, you might hear 'judías' in educational or health-related contexts. Radio programs or podcasts about healthy living often discuss 'el poder nutritivo de las judías'. In these discussions, the word is used more formally, often accompanied by terms like 'fibra', 'proteína vegetal', and 'índice glucémico'. This variety of contexts—from the noisy market to the sterile doctor's office to the warm family kitchen—ensures that 'judías' is a word that remains firmly embedded in the linguistic consciousness of Spanish speakers.

He escuchado en la radio que las judías son excelentes para controlar el colesterol.

Media Usage: Cookery shows, health podcasts, and agricultural news segments.

¿Viste la receta de judías con perdiz que hicieron ayer en la tele?

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with the word 'judías' is a linguistic one: confusing it with the word for 'Jewish'. In Spanish, 'judío' (masculine) and 'judía' (feminine) are the adjectives for 'Jewish'. Because 'judía' is also the singular form of 'bean', learners sometimes feel confused or hesitant to use the word. However, in practice, the context almost always makes the meaning clear. You are unlikely to be talking about a 'Jewish green bean' or a 'white Jewish woman' in a way that causes real ambiguity. The key is to remember that for the vegetable, we almost always use the plural 'judías'.

The 'Jewish' Confusion: Context is king. 'Una mujer judía' (A Jewish woman) vs 'Una judía verde' (A green bean). Note the plural 'judías' is standard for the food.

Another common error is gender agreement. Many learners assume that because many food items like 'arroz' (rice) or 'pan' (bread) are masculine, 'judías' might be too. They might say 'los judías' or 'unos judías'. It is vital to internalize that 'judías' is feminine: 'las judías'. This mistake is particularly common for those who have previously learned the Latin American word 'frijoles', which is masculine ('los frijoles'). If you switch between dialects, you must be careful to switch the gender of your articles and adjectives accordingly.

Los judías están buenos.
Las judías están buenas.

Mispronunciation of the initial 'j' is another hurdle. English speakers often try to pronounce the 'j' in 'judías' like the 'j' in 'judge' or 'juice'. In Spanish, the 'j' is a raspy, aspirated sound, similar to the 'ch' in the Scottish word 'loch' or the German 'Bach'. If you pronounce it with an English 'j', you might not be understood. Practicing the 'h-sound' with a bit of friction at the back of the throat is essential for saying 'judías' correctly. Also, ensure you don't stress the wrong syllable; the stress is on the 'dí' (ju-DÍ-as).

Pronunciation Pitfall: Avoid the English 'J'. It should be an aspirated 'H' sound: /xuˈði.as/.

Learners also struggle with the regional synonyms. A common mistake is using 'judías' in Mexico or Colombia and expecting to be understood perfectly. While most people will know what you mean, it will sound very 'foreign' or 'bookish'. In those regions, you should use 'frijoles'. Conversely, using 'frijoles' in a traditional Spanish village might occasionally lead to a moment of confusion, though it is becoming more common due to cultural exchange. The mistake here isn't one of grammar, but of 'register' and 'regional appropriateness'.

En México, no pidas judías si quieres comer frijoles refritos.

Finally, there is the confusion between 'judías' and other legumes like 'habas' (broad beans/fava beans). While they are related, they are distinct ingredients with different tastes and cooking times. Calling 'habas' 'judías' is a common mistake for beginners who see any bean-like shape and use the generic term. Learning to distinguish between 'judías', 'habas', 'lentejas', and 'garbanzos' is a key milestone in reaching an A2 or B1 level of Spanish proficiency.

No confundas las judías con las habas; las habas suelen ser más grandes y amargas.

Legume Distinction: Judías = Beans; Habas = Broad beans; Garbanzos = Chickpeas; Lentejas = Lentils.

¡Cuidado! Si dices 'judías' en Argentina, puede que no te entiendan; allí dicen 'porotos'.

The world of Spanish beans is linguistically diverse, and 'judías' has several synonyms and near-synonyms that vary by region and bean type. The most common alternative in Spain is alubias. In many parts of Northern Spain, 'alubias' is actually more common than 'judías'. They are virtually interchangeable when referring to the dried seeds (white, red, or black). However, you would rarely hear 'alubias verdes'; for the green pods, 'judías verdes' remains the standard. Understanding the 'judías vs. alubias' distinction is helpful for reading menus in places like Asturias, Cantabria, or the Basque Country.

Comparison: Judías vs. Alubias: In Spain, 'judías' is general, while 'alubias' often refers specifically to the dried seeds used in stews.

Another significant alternative is habichuelas. This term is predominantly used in Andalusia (Southern Spain) and also in some Caribbean countries like the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. In Andalusia, if you ask for 'habichuelas con jamón', you are getting exactly what a Madrileño would call 'judías con jamón'. It is a regional preference that adds flavor to the language. If you are traveling through the south of Spain, using 'habichuelas' will make you sound much more like a local and show a high level of cultural integration.

En Sevilla, es muy común pedir un plato de habichuelas blancas en invierno.

As mentioned previously, frijoles is the go-to term in Mexico, Central America, and several South American countries. This is perhaps the most well-known synonym globally due to the popularity of Mexican cuisine. While 'judías' sounds formal or European to a Mexican speaker, 'frijoles' sounds everyday and essential. In Chile and Argentina, the word changes again to porotos. If you are in Buenos Aires and want a bean salad, you would look for 'ensalada de porotos'. In Venezuela, black beans are famously called caraotas. This diversity illustrates how a single plant can have a multitude of names across the Spanish-speaking world.

Global Variations: Spain: Judías/Alubias. Mexico: Frijoles. Argentina/Chile: Porotos. Venezuela: Caraotas. Caribbean: Habichuelas.

Beyond synonyms, there are related words that describe different forms of beans. Legumbres is the category name for all pulses, including beans, lentils, and chickpeas. Vainas is often used in the north of Spain to refer specifically to the green bean pods (the 'sheaths'). If you are in a vegetable garden, you might talk about the 'vainas de las judías'. There is also judiones, which refers to the extra-large, creamy white beans that are a delicacy in Castilian cuisine. Knowing these specific terms allows you to be much more precise in your descriptions.

Las vainas de estas judías están muy frescas y crujientes.

In summary, while 'judías' is your primary tool, being aware of 'alubias', 'habichuelas', 'frijoles', and 'porotos' will greatly expand your comprehension. Each word carries its own regional identity and subtle shade of meaning. By choosing the right word for the right place, you don't just speak Spanish—you speak the specific Spanish of the people around you, which is the ultimate goal of language learning.

¿Sabías que en Venezuela a las judías negras las llaman caraotas?

Summary Table: Judías (Spain, general); Alubias (Spain, dried); Habichuelas (South Spain/Caribbean); Frijoles (Latin America).

Prefiero las alubias rojas para hacer este tipo de estofado.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

Although 'judía' also means 'Jewish woman', the two words have different origins. The bean name comes from Arabic, while the religious term comes from the Latin 'Iudaeus'. They converged phonetically in Spanish.

발음 가이드

UK /xuˈði.as/

US /xuˈdi.as/

Second syllable (dí).

라임이 맞는 단어

frías días guías tías vías crías rías mías

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'j' like the 'j' in 'jump'.
Stressing the first syllable (JU-di-as) instead of the second.
Pronouncing 'u' like the English 'u' in 'unit'.
Making the 's' sound like a 'z'.
Failing to aspirate the 'j' enough.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, though regional synonyms can be confusing.

쓰기 3/5

Requires remembering the feminine plural agreement and the 'j'.

말하기 4/5

The aspirated 'j' and stress on the second syllable can be tricky for beginners.

듣기 3/5

Generally clear, but spoken quickly it can blend with adjectives.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

verdura comer cocinar verde blanco

다음에 배울 것

lentejas garbanzos guisantes estofado receta

고급

leguminosa proteína vegetal fibra dietética nitrógeno vainilla (botanically related)

알아야 할 문법

Feminine Plural Agreement

Las judías son buen**as**.

Use of 'de' for composition

Un plato **de** judías.

Preterite vs Imperfect with food

Ayer **comí** judías (specific event) vs Siempre **comía** judías (habit).

Subjunctive for recipes/commands

Es mejor que **limpies** las judías.

Direct Object Pronouns

Las judías... **las** cocino con sal.

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수준별 예문

Me gustan las judías verdes.

I like green beans.

Plural feminine agreement with 'las'.

¿Comes judías blancas?

Do you eat white beans?

Interrogative sentence structure.

Las judías son una verdura.

Beans are a vegetable.

Simple definition sentence.

Compro judías en el mercado.

I buy beans at the market.

Present tense verb 'comprar'.

No quiero judías hoy.

I don't want beans today.

Negative sentence with 'no'.

Las judías están calientes.

The beans are hot.

Use of 'estar' for temporary state.

Hay judías en la sopa.

There are beans in the soup.

Use of 'hay' for existence.

Mi madre cocina judías.

My mother cooks beans.

Third person singular present tense.

Ayer compré un kilo de judías verdes frescas.

Yesterday I bought a kilo of fresh green beans.

Preterite tense and quantifier 'un kilo de'.

Para esta receta, necesitamos judías blancas de bote.

For this recipe, we need canned white beans.

Use of 'necesitar' and 'de bote' (canned/jarred).

Las judías con jamón son un plato típico de España.

Beans with ham are a typical Spanish dish.

Descriptive sentence with 'con'.

Tienes que limpiar las judías antes de cocinarlas.

You have to clean the beans before cooking them.

Periphrasis 'tener que' + infinitive.

¿Prefieres las judías hervidas o salteadas?

Do you prefer the beans boiled or sautéed?

Participles used as adjectives.

Estas judías están muy ricas con un poco de aceite.

These beans are very tasty with a bit of oil.

Demonstrative adjective 'estas'.

Mi abuela siempre ponía judías en el cocido.

My grandmother always put beans in the stew.

Imperfect tense for habitual actions.

No me gustan las judías cuando están demasiado blandas.

I don't like beans when they are too soft.

Temporal clause with 'cuando'.

Es importante que remojes las judías durante al menos ocho horas.

It is important that you soak the beans for at least eight hours.

Present subjunctive after impersonal expression.

Si tuviera judías frescas, haría una ensalada ahora mismo.

If I had fresh beans, I would make a salad right now.

Second conditional (Si + imperfect subjunctive + conditional).

Las judías son una fuente excelente de proteína vegetal para los vegetarianos.

Beans are an excellent source of plant protein for vegetarians.

Noun phrase as subject complement.

He decidido añadir unas judías pintas al arroz para darle más sabor.

I have decided to add some pinto beans to the rice to give it more flavor.

Present perfect tense.

Aunque no te gusten las judías, deberías probar este guiso.

Even if you don't like beans, you should try this stew.

Concessive clause with 'aunque' + subjunctive.

Las judías se cultivan en muchas regiones de la península ibérica.

Beans are cultivated in many regions of the Iberian Peninsula.

Passive 'se' construction.

Me pregunto si estas judías habrán caducado ya.

I wonder if these beans have already expired.

Future perfect used for conjecture in the past.

Para que las judías queden tiernas, hay que cocerlas a fuego lento.

For the beans to turn out tender, they must be cooked over low heat.

Final clause with 'para que' + subjunctive.

El consumo regular de judías contribuye significativamente a la salud cardiovascular.

Regular consumption of beans contributes significantly to cardiovascular health.

Formal academic register.

A pesar de ser un alimento humilde, las judías son la base de grandes platos gourmet.

Despite being a humble food, beans are the basis of great gourmet dishes.

Contrastive connector 'A pesar de'.

Se dice que el truco para unas buenas judías es el tiempo y la paciencia.

It is said that the trick to good beans is time and patience.

Impersonal 'se' construction.

Las judías de la Granja destacan por su gran tamaño y su textura mantecosa única.

La Granja beans stand out for their large size and unique buttery texture.

Verbal phrase 'destacar por'.

Debido a la sequía, la cosecha de judías de este año ha sido bastante escasa.

Due to the drought, this year's bean harvest has been quite scarce.

Causal connector 'Debido a'.

Es fundamental que el consumidor sepa distinguir entre las distintas variedades de judías.

It is fundamental that the consumer knows how to distinguish between the different varieties of beans.

Subjunctive after evaluative adjective.

Las judías verdes deben estar crujientes, no pasadas de cocción.

Green beans should be crunchy, not overcooked.

Modal verb 'deber' + infinitive.

Siempre que cocino judías, me acuerdo de los veranos en el pueblo de mis abuelos.

Whenever I cook beans, I remember the summers in my grandparents' village.

Temporal connector 'Siempre que'.

La versatilidad de las judías permite su integración en dietas tanto tradicionales como vanguardistas.

The versatility of beans allows their integration into both traditional and avant-garde diets.

Sophisticated abstract nouns.

No podemos obviar el papel sociológico que las judías han desempeñado en la historia de España.

We cannot ignore the sociological role that beans have played in the history of Spain.

Complex verbal structures.

La denominación de origen protege la calidad de ciertas variedades locales de judías.

The designation of origin protects the quality of certain local bean varieties.

Technical legal/culinary terminology.

Resulta fascinante cómo el término 'judías' ha convivido con otros regionalismos durante siglos.

It is fascinating how the term 'judías' has coexisted with other regionalisms for centuries.

Impersonal 'resultar' + adjective.

La textura de las judías blancas debe ser fina al paladar, sin que la piel se desprenda.

The texture of white beans should be fine on the palate, without the skin peeling off.

Adverbial clause with 'sin que' + subjunctive.

Las judías, al ser ricas en saponinas, poseen propiedades beneficiosas para el metabolismo.

Beans, being rich in saponins, possess beneficial properties for metabolism.

Gerund used as a causal connector.

A poco que te esfuerces, conseguirás un guiso de judías digno de un chef profesional.

With just a little effort, you will achieve a bean stew worthy of a professional chef.

Idiomatic connector 'A poco que'.

Las judías pintas aportan un matiz cromático y un sabor terroso muy apreciado en el norte.

Pinto beans provide a chromatic nuance and an earthy flavor much appreciated in the north.

Precise descriptive adjectives.

La transmutación semántica de 'judías' en el habla popular revela estratos históricos profundos.

The semantic transmutation of 'judías' in popular speech reveals deep historical layers.

Highly academic linguistic analysis.

Sería un reduccionismo considerar las judías meramente como un sustento de las clases desfavorecidas.

It would be a reductionism to consider beans merely as sustenance for the underprivileged classes.

Conditional mood for hypothetical academic statements.

La excelencia de una fabada reside, en gran medida, en la selección meticulosa de las judías.

The excellence of a fabada lies, to a great extent, in the meticulous selection of the beans.

Elevated literary style.

A tenor de las investigaciones, las judías fueron aclimatadas con éxito poco después del Descubrimiento.

According to research, beans were successfully acclimated shortly after the Discovery.

Prepositional phrase 'A tenor de'.

No es de extrañar que las judías figuren de forma prominente en los bodegones del Siglo de Oro.

It is no wonder that beans figure prominently in Golden Age still-life paintings.

Complex subjunctive construction.

La sutil amargura de ciertas judías silvestres evoca paisajes ancestrales ya casi olvidados.

The subtle bitterness of certain wild beans evokes ancestral landscapes now almost forgotten.

Poetic and evocative language.

Cualquier chef que se precie debe dominar la alquimia de la cocción de las judías secas.

Any chef worth their salt must master the alchemy of cooking dried beans.

Relative clause with 'que se precie'.

Las judías actúan como un hilo conductor en la narrativa gastronómica de la España rural.

Beans act as a common thread in the gastronomic narrative of rural Spain.

Metaphorical use of language.

자주 쓰는 조합

judías verdes

judías blancas

judías pintas

cocer judías

remojar las judías

un bote de judías

judías con jamón

ensalada de judías

cultivar judías

plato de judías

자주 쓰는 구문

judías con patatas

— A very common, simple Spanish dish of boiled green beans and potatoes.

Hoy para comer hay judías con patatas.

judías de bote

— Refers to pre-cooked beans sold in glass jars or cans.

Si tienes prisa, usa judías de bote.

judías frescas

— Freshly harvested beans, as opposed to dried or canned ones.

Prefiero comprar judías frescas en el mercado.

judías secas

— Dried beans that need to be soaked and cooked for a long time.

Las judías secas se conservan durante meses.

judías de la Granja

— A famous variety of large white beans from Segovia, Spain.

Los judiones de la Granja son exquisitos.

un puñado de judías

— A handful of beans, often used as a measurement in home cooking.

Echa un puñado de judías a la olla.

judías tiernas

— Very young, tender beans that are easy to cook and eat.

Estas judías están muy tiernas y sabrosas.

limpiar las judías

— The process of removing the ends and strings from green beans.

Ayúdame a limpiar las judías para la cena.

judías en ensalada

— Beans served cold as part of a salad, usually with vinaigrette.

Las judías en ensalada son muy refrescantes.

guiso de judías

— A hearty bean stew, usually containing vegetables and meat.

El guiso de judías de mi madre es el mejor.

자주 혼동되는 단어

judías vs judío

Means 'Jewish' (masculine). 'Judía' is the feminine form. Context prevents confusion.

judías vs habas

Broad beans or fava beans. Larger and different taste than common 'judías'.

judías vs guisantes

Peas. Small, round, and green, but not 'judías'.

관용어 및 표현

"no valer una judía"

— To be worth nothing or very little. Similar to 'not worth a bean'.

Ese coche viejo no vale una judía.

informal

"importar una judía"

— To not care at all about something. (Less common than 'pimiento').

Me importa una judía lo que digan.

slang

"asustar las judías"

— A culinary technique: adding cold water to boiling beans to soften them.

Recuerda asustar las judías tres veces durante la cocción.

culinary

"ser una judía"

— Occasionally used to describe someone small or skinny (rare/regional).

Estás hecho una judía de lo poco que comes.

informal

"ganarse las judías"

— To earn one's living/bread. (Similar to 'ganarse el pan').

Trabaja duro para ganarse las judías cada día.

informal

"estar como una judía"

— To be very thin or slender.

Después de la dieta, se ha quedado como una judía.

informal

"contar judías"

— To be very stingy or meticulous with money.

Es tan tacaño que siempre está contando las judías.

informal

"no tener ni una judía"

— To be completely broke/penniless.

Después del viaje, no me queda ni una judía.

slang

"sacar las judías del fuego"

— To solve a difficult problem or save a situation.

Él siempre nos saca las judías del fuego cuando hay crisis.

informal

"meter la judía"

— To make a mistake or 'put one's foot in it' (Regional/Old).

Creo que he metido la judía con ese comentario.

regional

혼동하기 쉬운

judías vs alubias

They mean the same thing in many contexts.

Judías is more general; alubias usually refers to the dried seeds. Judías is used for green beans, alubias is not.

Usa alubias para el guiso, pero judías verdes para la ensalada.

judías vs frijoles

English speakers learn 'frijoles' first due to Mexican influence.

Frijoles is the Latin American term; Judías is the Spanish (Spain) term. Using 'frijoles' in Spain is understood but sounds foreign.

En Madrid pido judías; en Ciudad de México pido frijoles.

judías vs habas

Both are legumes and look somewhat similar when dried.

Habas are Vicia faba; Judías are Phaseolus vulgaris. Habas are usually thicker-skinned and larger.

Las habas con poleo son típicas, pero prefiero las judías blancas.

judías vs lentejas

Both are common 'legumbres' eaten in stews.

Lentejas are lentils (small, flat discs); Judías are beans (kidney or pod shaped).

Hoy toca lentejas, mañana comeremos judías.

judías vs garbanzos

Part of the same food group and often used in the same types of dishes.

Garbanzos are chickpeas (round, beige); Judías are beans.

El cocido lleva garbanzos, no judías.

문장 패턴

Me gustan las [noun].

Me gustan las judías.

Quiero un kilo de [noun].

Quiero un kilo de judías.

Es bueno que comas [noun].

Es bueno que comas judías.

[Noun] con [ingredient].

Judías con jamón.

A pesar de [infinitive], [noun]...

A pesar de ser baratas, las judías son nutritivas.

Se dice que las [noun]...

Se dice que las judías de aquí son las mejores.

Debido a [noun], las [noun]...

Debido a la lluvia, las judías han crecido mucho.

Sea como fuere, las [noun]...

Sea como fuere, las judías son esenciales.

어휘 가족

명사

judión (large bean)

judihuelo (small bean/dwarf bean)

judería (Jewish quarter - related to the other meaning of judío)

형용사

judío/a (Jewish - related homonym)

사용법

frequency

Very high in Spain, especially in culinary and shopping contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Los judías son buenos. → Las judías son buenas.
Judías is a feminine noun. The article and adjective must agree in gender.
Quiero frijoles (in a traditional Spanish village). → Quiero judías / alubias.
'Frijoles' is Latin American. In Spain, 'judías' is the natural choice.
Pronouncing 'judías' like 'Jew-de-as'. → Pronounce the 'j' as a raspy 'h'.
The Spanish 'j' is never pronounced like the English 'j'.
Using 'judías' for peas. → Guisantes.
Peas (guisantes) are different from beans (judías).
Comí una judía verde para la cena. → Comí judías verdes para la cena.
We use the plural for food items that are eaten in quantities.

팁

Gender Check

Always remember 'judías' is feminine. If you are used to 'frijoles' (masculine), this is the most common mistake you will make. Practice saying 'las judías' ten times!

Regional Awareness

If you travel to Andalusia, try using 'habichuelas'. If you go to Asturias, look for 'fabas'. Using regional terms is the fastest way to make friends with locals.

The 'Asustar' Trick

When boiling dried beans, add a splash of cold water when they start to boil. This 'scares' them and makes them creamier. It's a classic Spanish grandma secret!

Color Matters

Don't just say 'judías'. Always add the color: verdes, blancas, pintas, or negras. It changes the dish entirely!

The Raspy J

Practice the 'J' in judías by pretending you are fogging up a window with your breath, but with more force. Hoo-dee-as!

Jar vs Can

In Spain, high-quality pre-cooked beans often come in glass jars ('botes'). These are usually better than the ones in metal cans.

Arabic Roots

Knowing that 'judía' comes from Arabic helps you remember that many Spanish food words (like arroz, azúcar, and aceituna) share this history.

Plurality

Even if you are talking about a dish in general, use the plural. 'Me gusta la judía' sounds like you like one single bean. Use 'Me gustan las judías'.

Menu Reading

If you see 'Primer Plato: Judías...', expect a vegetable-heavy dish. If it's a 'Guiso', expect something much heavier with meat.

Comparison

Compare 'judías' to 'lentils' (lentejas). They are both feminine plural. Learning them as a pair helps reinforce the grammar.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a **Jewel** (sounds slightly like Ju-) inside every **Bean** (judía). It's a precious vegetable!

시각적 연상

Picture a green bean shaped like the letter 'J' for 'judía'.

Word Web

Verdes Blancas Pintas Cocer Guiso Legumbre Mercado Cena

챌린지

Go to a grocery store or look at a Spanish menu online and find three different types of 'judías'. Write down their full names.

어원

Derived from the Arabic word 'ŷudiyā’', which refers to a type of pulse or bean.

원래 의미: A type of legume or bean plant.

Semitic influence on Ibero-Romance.

문화적 맥락

Be aware of the homonym 'judía' (Jewish woman). In culinary contexts, there is no sensitivity issue, but avoid making puns that could be seen as disrespectful.

English speakers often call 'judías verdes' 'green beans' or 'string beans'. In the UK, they might be 'runner beans'.

Fabada Asturiana (famous bean stew) Judiones de la Granja (famous large beans) Cocido Madrileño (sometimes contains beans, though usually chickpeas)

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At the market

¿A cuánto están las judías?
Deme medio kilo de judías verdes.
¿Son frescas estas judías?
¿Tiene judías blancas de riñón?

In a restaurant

¿Qué tipo de judías lleva el guiso?
De primero, quiero las judías con jamón.
¿Las judías son naturales o de bote?
¿Vienen las judías acompañadas de algo?

Cooking at home

Hay que poner las judías en remojo.
Corta las puntas de las judías.
Las judías necesitan diez minutos más.
Añade un poco de sal a las judías.

Discussing health

Las judías tienen mucha fibra.
Como judías tres veces por semana.
Las judías son buenas para el corazón.
Prefiero las judías a la carne.

Gardening

He plantado judías en el huerto.
Las judías están creciendo rápido.
Hay que regar las judías cada día.
Ya podemos recoger las judías.

대화 시작하기

"¿Cuál es tu forma favorita de cocinar las judías verdes?"

"¿Sabías que en España hay cientos de tipos de judías diferentes?"

"¿Prefieres las judías blancas en un guiso caliente o en ensalada fría?"

"¿Has probado alguna vez los judiones de la Granja en Segovia?"

"¿Cómo llaman a las judías en tu país o región?"

일기 주제

Describe un plato tradicional de tu infancia que lleve judías u otras legumbres.

Escribe una lista de la compra imaginaria para preparar un gran guiso de judías para tus amigos.

¿Crees que las judías son un alimento infravalorado? Explica por qué sí o por qué no.

Imagina que eres un chef. Inventa una receta moderna y creativa usando judías verdes.

Relata una experiencia que hayas tenido en un mercado español comprando verduras.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

The singular is 'judía' and the plural is 'judías'. However, because you usually eat many beans at once, the plural 'judías' is used 95% of the time in conversation and on menus.

There is no botanical difference; they are the same plant. The difference is purely regional. 'Judías' is the word used in Spain, while 'frijoles' is used in Mexico and most of Latin America.

Yes, exactly. 'Judías verdes' is the direct translation and refers to the fresh green pods eaten as a vegetable.

It is a feminine word. You must say 'las judías' and use feminine adjectives, like 'las judías blancas' or 'unas judías ricas'.

It is a linguistic coincidence (homonymy). The word for the bean comes from Arabic, while the word for Jewish comes from Latin. They just happen to be spelled and pronounced the same way in the feminine form.

You will be understood because of movies and books, but it will sound very strange. It's like using the word 'maize' instead of 'corn' in a casual American conversation.

In Spain, you usually say 'judías de bote' or 'judías en conserva'. 'Bote' refers to the glass jar they often come in.

Judiones are a very large, high-quality variety of white beans, famous in the region of Segovia. They are much bigger than standard 'judías blancas'.

No, 'judías verdes' are fresh vegetables. You only need to soak 'judías secas' (dried beans) like white or pinto beans.

Yes, in Spain they are synonyms. 'Alubia' is more common in the north and usually refers to the dried seed, not the green pod.

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