بطری 30초 만에
- Botri is the Persian word for bottle, used for glass or plastic containers holding liquids like water, milk, or juice.
- It is a loanword from European languages but is used universally across all Persian-speaking regions and social classes.
- Grammatically, it is a simple noun that requires the Ezafe construction (botri-ye...) when linked to its contents.
- The word is essential for basic survival Persian, shopping, dining, and discussing environmental topics like recycling.
The Persian word بطری (pronounced 'bot-ri') is a fundamental noun in the Persian language, primarily used to describe a container with a narrow neck, typically made of glass, plastic, or metal, used for storing liquids. While it is a loanword—likely entering Persian via French (bouteille) or Russian (butylka)—it has become fully integrated into the daily lexicon of Iranians. In its most basic sense, it refers to the physical object found in every kitchen, refrigerator, and store shelf. However, the concept of 'botri' extends beyond just the physical vessel; it represents a unit of measurement in casual conversation and a central object in various social and domestic rituals in Iran.
- Material Composition
- Modern Persian speakers distinguish between 'botri-ye pelastiki' (plastic bottle) and 'botri-ye shishe-i' (glass bottle), reflecting the global shift in packaging materials.
- Functional Utility
- It is the primary vessel for 'ab' (water), 'dough' (yogurt drink), and 'sharbat' (syrups), which are staples of the Iranian diet.
- Morphological Structure
- The word is a simple noun that follows standard Persian pluralization rules, becoming 'botri-hā'.
"لطفاً یک بطری آب معدنی از یخچال بیاور." (Please bring a bottle of mineral water from the fridge.)
In the context of Iranian history, the transition from traditional ceramic jars (kuzeh) to the modern 'botri' signifies the modernization of the Iranian household. Today, the word is ubiquitous. You will see it on recycling bins ('bazyaft-e botri'), in supermarkets, and in sports contexts. The word carries no inherent gender, as Persian is a gender-neutral language, making it straightforward for English speakers to learn. Its phonetic simplicity—two syllables with a clear 'o' and 'i' sound—makes it one of the first nouns taught to Persian language learners.
این بطری خالی است؛ آن را پر کن.
درِ بطری را محکم ببند تا نریزد.
او یک بطری شیر خرید.
شما چند بطری نیاز دارید؟
- Etymological Root
- Derived from European languages during the Qajar or Pahlavi eras.
- Usage Frequency
- Extremely high in both spoken and written Persian.
Using the word بطری is relatively simple, but understanding its placement in a sentence requires knowledge of the Persian 'Ezafe' construction. When you want to say 'a bottle of [liquid]', you link 'botri' to the liquid using a short 'e' sound (the Ezafe). For example, 'botri-ye āb' (a bottle of water). Without this link, the phrase is grammatically incomplete. In formal writing, the Ezafe might be represented by a small 'ye' over the final 'ye' of botri, but in modern digital Persian, it is often just understood from context.
- As a Subject: بطری روی میز است (The bottle is on the table).
- As an Object: من بطری را شکستم (I broke the bottle). Note the use of 'rā' as the definite object marker.
- With Quantifiers: دو بطری شیر (Two bottles of milk). Notice that the noun 'botri' stays singular when preceded by a number.
In more advanced usage, 'botri' can be used metaphorically. For instance, 'botri-ye gham' (a bottle of sorrow) in poetry, though this is less common than more traditional vessels like 'jām' (cup) or 'sāghar' (goblet). In technical contexts, such as manufacturing or environmental science, you might encounter terms like 'botri-ye yek-bar-masraf' (disposable/single-use bottle). Understanding the distinction between the physical container and its contents is key; Iranians will often say 'botri-rā khordam' (I drank the bottle) as a shorthand for drinking the contents, similar to English.
When shopping, you might ask: 'In botri chand ast?' (How much is this bottle?). If you are at a recycling center, you might ask: 'Botri-hā-ye shishe-i rā kojā begozāram?' (Where should I put the glass bottles?). The versatility of the word makes it essential for navigating daily life in an Iranian city or household.
You will encounter the word بطری in a variety of settings, ranging from the mundane to the commercial. In a typical Iranian supermarket (baqqāli or supermarket), the word is heard constantly. Customers ask for 'botri-ye āb-madani' (mineral water bottle) or 'botri-ye dūgh'. In the kitchen, a mother might tell her child, 'Botri-ye sharbat rā az dākhel-e dar-e yakhchāl bardār' (Take the syrup bottle from inside the fridge door).
In media and advertising, 'botri' is used to describe product packaging. Television commercials for soft drinks or cooking oils frequently use the word to highlight new designs or sizes. On the news, you might hear it in reports about environmental pollution, specifically 'ālūdegi-ye nashi az botri-hā-ye pelastiki' (pollution caused by plastic bottles). In sports, coaches tell athletes to always have their 'botri-ye āb' ready. Even in traditional medicine (Teb-e Sonnati), practitioners might prescribe herbal distillates (araghijāt) that are sold in specific glass 'botri' containers.
Furthermore, in social gatherings, particularly during 'Sizdah Bedar' (Nature Day), you'll hear people organizing supplies: 'Ki botri-hā-ye āb rā āvord?' (Who brought the water bottles?). It is a word that bridges the gap between the traditional Iranian lifestyle and modern consumer culture.
One of the most common mistakes for learners is forgetting the Ezafe when connecting 'botri' to its contents. Saying 'botri āb' instead of 'botri-ye āb' sounds disjointed and incorrect. Another common error is pluralizing the noun after a number. In Persian, we say 'panj botri' (five bottle), not 'panj botri-hā'. This is a rule that applies to all Persian nouns, but 'botri' is a frequent victim of this mistake due to its similarity to English usage.
Learners also sometimes confuse 'botri' with 'shishe'. While 'shishe' means glass, it is often used colloquially to mean a glass bottle. However, you cannot use 'shishe' for a plastic bottle. Using 'botri' is always safer as it covers all materials. Additionally, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'o' sound. It should be a short 'o' as in 'boat' (but shorter), not a long 'u' sound. Mispronouncing it as 'butri' might make it harder for locals to understand you immediately.
Finally, avoid using 'botri' when referring to a large jug or a small vial unless you qualify it. A large 5-liter container is better called a 'gālon' (gallon), and a tiny medicine vial is a 'shishe-ye dārū'. Using 'botri' for everything can make your Persian sound limited.
Several words in Persian share a semantic field with بطری. The most common is شیشه (shishe). While it literally means 'glass', it is frequently used to refer to glass bottles, especially for medicine, perfume, or traditional distillates. For example, 'shishe-ye atr' (perfume bottle). Another related word is ظرف (zarf), which is a general term for any container or dish. A 'botri' is a type of 'zarf'.
For larger containers, Persians use دبه (dabbeh), which usually refers to large plastic tubs or vats used for pickles (torshi) or yogurt. تنگ (tong) is a more specific word for a carafe or a decorative glass bottle used for serving water or wine (in literature) at the table. پارچ (pārch) refers to a pitcher or jug with a handle and a spout, usually used for water or dough during meals. Understanding these nuances helps a learner choose the right word for the right occasion. While you can drink from a 'botri', you usually pour from a 'pārch' into a 'livān' (glass).
How Formal Is It?
난이도
알아야 할 문법
Ezafe construction
Pluralization with -hā
Definite object marker 'rā'
Numbers and nouns
Adjective-Noun agreement
수준별 예문
این یک بطری است.
This is a bottle.
Simple 'Subject + Noun + Verb' structure.
بطری کجاست؟
Where is the bottle?
Interrogative sentence.
من یک بطری آب دارم.
I have a bottle of water.
Use of the verb 'dāshtan' (to have).
بطری روی میز است.
The bottle is on the table.
Prepositional phrase 'ru-ye' (on).
این بطری بزرگ است.
This bottle is big.
Adjective placement after the noun.
آن بطری آبی است.
That bottle is blue.
Color adjective.
یک بطری شیر، لطفاً.
One bottle of milk, please.
Polite request.
بطری خالی است.
The bottle is empty.
Predicate adjective.
او دو بطری آب خرید.
He bought two bottles of water.
Past tense of 'kharidan'.
آیا بطری را شستی؟
Did you wash the bottle?
Question in the past tense with 'rā'.
من بطریهای پلاستیکی را جمع میکنم.
I collect plastic bottles.
Plural noun with 'rā'.
درِ بطری را باز کن.
Open the bottle cap.
Imperative mood.
این بطری شیشهای است.
This bottle is made of glass.
Adjective derived from a noun.
یک بطری روغن در آشپزخانه هست.
There is a bottle of oil in the kitchen.
Existential 'hast'.
لطفاً بطری را در یخچال بگذار.
Please put the bottle in the fridge.
Compound verb 'gozāshtan'.
قیمت این بطری چند است؟
What is the price of this bottle?
Asking for price.
اگر بطری را نیاندازی، نمیشکند.
If you don't drop the bottle, it won't break.
Conditional sentence.
او تمام محتوای بطری را در لیوان ریخت.
He poured the entire contents of the bottle into the glass.
Use of 'tamām-e' (all of).
ما باید بطریها را بازیافت کنیم.
We must recycle the bottles.
Modal verb 'bāyad'.
بطری که روی زمین بود، سبز بود.
The bottle that was on the ground was green.
Relative clause with 'ke'.
او با یک بطری آب سرد به خانه آمد.
He came home with a bottle of cold water.
Prepositional phrase with 'bā'.
این بطری برای نگهداری آب لیمو مناسب است.
This bottle is suitable for keeping lemon juice.
Gerund/Noun of purpose.
او بطری را محکم در دستش گرفت.
He held the bottle firmly in his hand.
Adverbial usage.
چرا بطری را نیمهپر رها کردی؟
Why did you leave the bottle half-full?
Compound adjective 'nime-por'.
طراحی این بطری بسیار ارگونومیک است.
The design of this bottle is very ergonomic.
Academic vocabulary.
او بطری را به نشانهی اعتراض روی زمین کوبید.
He smashed the bottle on the ground as a sign of protest.
Formal 'be nešāne-ye'.
تولید بطریهای پلاستیکی آسیب زیادی به محیط زیست میزند.
Producing plastic bottles causes a lot of damage to the environment.
Gerund subject.
او پیامی را درون یک بطری قرار داد و به دریا انداخت.
He put a message inside a bottle and threw it into the sea.
Narrative past.
این بطریها از مواد بازیافتی ساخته شدهاند.
These bottles are made from recycled materials.
Passive voice.
او بطری را تا آخرین قطره سر کشید.
He drank the bottle to the last drop.
Idiomatic 'sar keshidan'.
فشار هوا باعث شد بطری مچاله شود.
Air pressure caused the bottle to crumple.
Causative structure.
هر بطری دارای یک برچسب مشخصات است.
Each bottle has a specification label.
Formal 'dārā-ye'.
تجمع بطریهای رها شده در اقیانوسها به یک بحران جهانی تبدیل شده است.
The accumulation of abandoned bottles in the oceans has become a global crisis.
Complex noun phrases.
او با ظرافت تمام، بطریهای عتیقه را تمیز میکرد.
He was cleaning the antique bottles with utmost delicacy.
Adverbial phrase of manner.
ساختار مولکولی این بطری در برابر حرارت مقاوم است.
The molecular structure of this bottle is resistant to heat.
Technical terminology.
او خاطراتش را مانند عطری در یک بطری حبس کرده بود.
He had imprisoned his memories like perfume in a bottle.
Simile and metaphor.
این کارخانه ظرفیت تولید هزار بطری در ساعت را دارد.
This factory has the capacity to produce a thousand bottles per hour.
Quantification and capacity.
شفافیت بطری نشاندهنده کیفیت بالای شیشه است.
The clarity of the bottle indicates the high quality of the glass.
Abstract noun 'shaffāfiyat'.
او از بطری به عنوان ابزاری برای آزمایشهای فیزیک استفاده کرد.
He used the bottle as a tool for physics experiments.
Instrumental usage.
در این تحقیق، نرخ تجزیه بطریهای زیستتخریبپذیر بررسی شد.
In this research, the decomposition rate of biodegradable bottles was examined.
Academic passive.
واژهی بطری، علیرغم ریشهی انیرانیاش، در تار و پود زبان فارسی تنیده شده است.
The word 'botri', despite its non-Iranian root, is woven into the fabric of the Persian language.
Highly formal/literary.
او در کتابش، بطری را نمادی از انزوای انسان مدرن میداند.
In his book, he considers the bottle a symbol of modern human isolation.
Symbolic interpretation.
تحول شکل بطریها در طول تاریخ، گویای تغییر ذائقهی بصری جوامع است.
The evolution of bottle shapes throughout history speaks to the changing visual tastes of societies.
Sociological analysis.
او با استادی تمام، صدای باد را در بطریهای خالی بازتولید کرد.
With complete mastery, he reproduced the sound of wind in empty bottles.
Artistic description.
صنعت بطریسازی در ایران باستان ریشههایی در سفالگری سنتی دارد.
The bottle-making industry in ancient Iran has roots in traditional pottery.
Historical context.
او به بررسی تأثیرات روانی رنگ بطری بر مصرفکننده پرداخت.
He investigated the psychological effects of bottle color on the consumer.
Complex research focus.
بطری، در مقام یک ابژه، مرز میان هنر و صنعت را درنوردیده است.
The bottle, as an object, has crossed the boundary between art and industry.
Philosophical discourse.
او از منظر پدیدارشناسی به ماهیت بطری نگریست.
He looked at the nature of the bottle from a phenomenological perspective.
Advanced philosophical terminology.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
자주 혼동되는 단어
관용어 및 표현
혼동하기 쉬운
문장 패턴
사용법
Usually liquid, but can be small grains.
Can be glass, plastic, or metal.
Used in all registers.
- Saying 'botri āb' instead of 'botri-ye āb'.
- Pluralizing after a number (e.g., 'do botri-hā').
- Spelling it with 'ت' instead of 'ط'.
- Confusing it with 'bātri' (battery).
- Using 'shishe' for a plastic bottle.
팁
The Ezafe Rule
Always remember the 'ye' sound when connecting 'botri' to its contents. It is 'botri-ye āb', not 'botri āb'. This is the most common mistake for beginners. Practice saying it as one word.
Material Matters
Specify the material if it's important. Use 'pelastiki' for plastic and 'shishe-i' for glass. This helps in recycling or shopping contexts. Iranians value this distinction.
Reuse Culture
In Iran, high-quality glass bottles are rarely thrown away. They are washed and used for homemade juices. If you are a guest, don't be surprised to see a soda bottle filled with water. It's a common eco-friendly habit.
Short 'O'
The 'o' in 'botri' is short, like in 'hot' (in some accents) or 'boat' but clipped. Don't drag it out. The 'i' at the end is long like 'ee'. Practice 'bot-ree'.
Buying Water
When buying water, just say 'āb-madani'. The shopkeeper will know you want a 'botri'. You don't always have to say the word 'botri' if the context is clear. It makes you sound more native.
European Roots
Recognizing 'botri' as a cousin of 'bottle' makes it easier to remember. Many modern Persian words for technology or household items are loanwords. This is a great shortcut for English speakers.
Spelling Tip
The letter 't' in 'botri' is 'ط' (ta), not 'ت' (te). This is important for correct spelling. Think of it as a 'stronger' T sound in your mind to remember the 'ط'.
Offering Drinks
When offering a drink, you can say 'Botri-rā barāyat bāz konam?' (Shall I open the bottle for you?). It's a polite gesture. Iranians appreciate such small acts of hospitality.
Recycling
Look for bins labeled 'khoshk' (dry) for your plastic bottles. Recycling is becoming more structured in Iran. Knowing the word 'botri' helps you follow the signs.
Unit of Measure
Use 'botri' as a counter. 'Do botri shir' (Two bottles of milk). It functions just like 'cup' or 'glass' in English. It's a very practical unit for recipes or shopping.
암기하기
어원
French 'bouteille' or Russian 'butylka'
문화적 맥락
Common in traditional households.
Increasing awareness in big cities.
Offering a bottle of water to guests is standard.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
대화 시작하기
"آیا این بطری مال شماست؟"
"کجا میتوانم بطریهای خالی را بگذارم؟"
"یک بطری آب میخواهی؟"
"چرا درِ این بطری باز نمیشود؟"
"چند بطری شیر در یخچال داریم؟"
일기 주제
امروز چند بطری آب خوردی؟
درباره اهمیت بازیافت بطریها بنویس.
یک بطری جادویی پیدا میکنی؛ داخلش چیست؟
تفاوت بطری شیشهای و پلاستیکی چیست؟
آخرین باری که یک بطری شکستی کی بود؟
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문No, it is a loanword from European languages. It likely entered Persian during the 19th or 20th century. Despite this, it is now considered a standard part of the language. You will find it in all modern dictionaries. It is used more often than traditional terms for similar containers.
You say 'botri-ye āb'. The 'ye' is the Ezafe that links the two words. In spoken Persian, it sounds like one fluid phrase. This is the most common way to refer to it. You can also say 'botri-ye āb-madani' for mineral water.
Yes, 'botri-ye sharāb' is the correct term. While alcohol is restricted in Iran, the terminology remains the same in literature and history. You might also see 'shishe-ye sharāb'. The word 'botri' is neutral regarding the liquid inside. It only describes the container.
The plural is 'botri-hā'. You simply add the suffix '-hā' to the end. For example, 'botri-hā-ye khāli' means empty bottles. In formal writing, you might see 'botri-yāt', but it is extremely rare and not recommended. Stick to 'botri-hā' for all situations.
Yes, 'shishe' means glass (the material). While people often say 'shishe' to mean a glass bottle, you cannot use it for a plastic one. 'Botri' is a more general term that covers all materials. If the bottle is plastic, you must use 'botri'. If it is glass, you can use either.
The most common term is 'dar-e botri'. 'Dar' means door or lid. So, it literally translates to 'the door of the bottle'. You might also hear 'sar-e botri' (the head of the bottle). Both are understood, but 'dar-e botri' is more common.
In classical poetry, you are more likely to see 'jām', 'sāghar', or 'tong'. 'Botri' is considered a more modern, prosaic word. However, modern Persian poets use it frequently. It represents the objects of contemporary life. It lacks the romantic connotations of 'sāghar'.
You say 'yek botri-ye kuchek'. 'Kuchek' means small. If you want a large one, say 'yek botri-ye bozorg'. Adjectives always come after the noun in Persian. This follows the standard grammar rules you learn early on.
It refers to the game 'Spin the Bottle'. It is a direct translation of the English term. It is played by younger generations in social settings. The rules are generally the same as the international version. It is a colloquial term.
No, 'botri' is strictly a noun. To express 'to bottle something', you would use a compound verb like 'dar botri rikhtan' (to pour into a bottle) or 'botri kardan'. These are not very common in daily speech. Usually, you just describe the action.
셀프 테스트 180 질문
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'botri' is an indispensable part of Persian vocabulary. Whether you are buying a drink, recycling, or describing a kitchen scene, 'botri' is the go-to term for any narrow-necked liquid container, bridging modern life with daily necessity.
- Botri is the Persian word for bottle, used for glass or plastic containers holding liquids like water, milk, or juice.
- It is a loanword from European languages but is used universally across all Persian-speaking regions and social classes.
- Grammatically, it is a simple noun that requires the Ezafe construction (botri-ye...) when linked to its contents.
- The word is essential for basic survival Persian, shopping, dining, and discussing environmental topics like recycling.
The Ezafe Rule
Always remember the 'ye' sound when connecting 'botri' to its contents. It is 'botri-ye āb', not 'botri āb'. This is the most common mistake for beginners. Practice saying it as one word.
Material Matters
Specify the material if it's important. Use 'pelastiki' for plastic and 'shishe-i' for glass. This helps in recycling or shopping contexts. Iranians value this distinction.
Reuse Culture
In Iran, high-quality glass bottles are rarely thrown away. They are washed and used for homemade juices. If you are a guest, don't be surprised to see a soda bottle filled with water. It's a common eco-friendly habit.
Short 'O'
The 'o' in 'botri' is short, like in 'hot' (in some accents) or 'boat' but clipped. Don't drag it out. The 'i' at the end is long like 'ee'. Practice 'bot-ree'.
예시
یک بطری آب معدنی خریدم.
관련 콘텐츠
관련 표현
home 관련 단어
آب پاش
A2물조리개. 식물에 물을 주기 위해 사용하는, 손잡이와 주둥이가 달린 용기입니다.
آباژور
A2갓이 달린 전등이나 스탠드. 빛을 부드럽게 분산시키기 위해 사용되는 가구입니다.
آبگرم
B1뜨거운 물 또는 천연 온천.
آبگرمکن
A2온수기는 가정에서 물을 데우는 데 사용하는 가전제품입니다.
آبکش
A2체, 물을 빼기 위해 구멍이 뚫린 그릇.
آبمیوه گیری
A2An appliance used for extracting juice from fruit or vegetables.
آبنما
B1아브나마(آبنما)는 정원이나 공공장소에 흔히 있는, 물줄기나 분수를 만드는 장식적인 구조물입니다.
آبیاری کردن
B1성장을 돕기 위해 땅이나 식물에 물을 공급하는 것; 물을 주는 것. 농부들은 작물이 번성하도록 정기적으로 밭에 물을 주어야 합니다.
اجاق
A1Stove or cooker, for heating or cooking food.
اجاق گاز
A1가스레인지. 이란 주방에서 음식을 조절하는 데 사용되는 주요 가전제품입니다.
