예시 들기: For Example, Like, Such As
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'for example' to start sentences, 'such as' for lists, and 'like' for casual comparisons or informal speech.
- Use 'for example' or 'for instance' followed by a comma to introduce a full sentence.
- Use 'such as' to introduce specific items within a category in formal writing.
- Use 'like' for informal examples or when comparing things that are similar.
Overview
for example, like, such as를 모두 '예를 들어'라는 하나의 한국어 표현으로 퉁쳐서 생각하곤 합니다. 하지만 원어민의 직관에서 이 세 가지는 문법적 역할, 격식의 정도(formality), 그리고 논리적 연결 방식에서 뚜렷한 차이를 보입니다. 예를 들어, 학술적인 보고서에서 like를 남발하면 전문성이 떨어져 보일 수 있고, 반대로 친구와의 카톡 대화에서 지나치게 such as를 사용하면 문어체 특유의 딱딱함 때문에 어색함이 느껴질 수 있습니다.for example, such as, like 역시 이와 유사한 기능을 수행하지만, 문장 내에서의 문법적 지위가 각기 다릅니다.- 1
For example(부사적 연결어):
- 1
Such as(전치사적 성격의 구):
such as는 주로 명사나 명사구 바로 뒤에 붙어, 그 명사가 속한 범주(category)의 구체적인 구성원을 나열할 때 사용합니다. 한국어의 «~와 같은»에 해당하며, 문법적으로는 전치사구처럼 행동하여 뒤에 명사(구)나 동명사를 취합니다. for example보다 훨씬 더 범주 지향적이고 분류적인 느낌을 줍니다.- 1
Like(비교와 예시의 경계):
like는 본래 «~와 비슷한»이라는 비교의 의미를 담고 있습니다. 예시를 들 때 사용하면 such as보다 덜 격식적이며, «~같은 것들 있잖아»라는 식의 가벼운 뉘앙스를 풍깁니다. 한국어의 «~ 같은 거», «~처럼»과 유사합니다. 현대 영어에서는 such as와 혼용되기도 하지만, 엄밀한 학술적 글쓰기에서는 여전히 such as를 선호하는 경향이 있습니다.For example의 배치와 문장 부호- 문장 시작 시:
[Statement]. For example, [Example sentence]. - 예:
The company culture is very flexible.
For example, employees can choose their own working hours. - 문장 중간 삽입 시:
[Subject], for example, [Verb]...또는[Clause]; for example, [Clause]. - 예:
Many tech giants,
for example, Google and Apple, invest heavily in AI. - 예:
The project requires diverse skills;
for example, you need to be proficient in both coding and design.
Such as의 배치와 문장 부호such as는 '제한적 용법(restrictive)'과 '비제한적 용법(non-restrictive)'에 따라 콤마 사용 여부가 달라집니다.- 콤마가 없는 경우 (필수 정보): 예시가 앞의 명사를 정의하는 데 필수적일 때.
[Category] such as [A, B, and C]- 예:
Vegetables
such asspinach and broccoli are high in iron. - 콤마가 있는 경우 (부가 정보): 앞의 명사가 이미 명확하고, 예시는 단순히 덧붙이는 것일 때.
[Category], such as [A, B, and C], [Verb]...- 예:
Citrus fruits,
such asoranges and lemons, are rich in Vitamin C.
Like의 형성like는 전치사로 기능하므로 뒤에 명사나 대명사, 동명사가 옵니다. 보통 콤마 없이 자연스럽게 연결합니다.[Noun] like [Example]- 예:
I need a vacation to a place
likeJeju Island or Bali.
For example | 부사구 | 문장 시작, 중간, 끝 | 시작 시 뒤에 콤마, 중간 삽입 시 양옆 콤마 |Such as | 전치사구 | 명사(구) 바로 뒤 | 필수 정보면 콤마 없음, 부가 정보면 앞뒤 콤마 |Like | 전치사 | 명사(구) 바로 뒤 | 보통 콤마 없음 |For example: 논리적 전개와 상세 설명이 필요할 때- 상황 (회식 문화):
Korean corporate culture is changing.
For example, many companies now prefer lunch gatherings over late-night drinking sessions.
Such as: 범주를 명확히 하고 격식을 갖춰야 할 때like보다 훨씬 전문적이고 정돈된 느낌을 줍니다.- 상황 (대학교 전공):
The university offers various STEM programs,
such asbiotechnology, aerospace engineering, and data science.
Like: 일상 대화나 부드러운 분위기에서- 상황 (배달 앱):
Do you want to order something
likefried chicken or pizza for the party?
For instance: For example의 세련된 변주for example과 거의 동일하게 사용되지만, 조금 더 격식 있고 문어체적인 느낌을 줍니다. 글의 단조로움을 피하기 위해 for example과 교대로 사용하면 좋습니다.- 상황 (학원 교육):
Private academies, or hagwons, provide specialized education.
For instance, some focus exclusively on competitive math olympiads.
such as를 배치하는 실수...such as A and B.로 끝내는 경우가 많습니다. 하지만 such as는 뒤에 오는 명사들을 앞의 카테고리에 연결하는 다리 역할을 하므로, 문장 중간에 삽입되거나 문장 구조 내에 안전하게 안착해야 합니다.- 잘못된 예:
We need to buy many things for the office.
Such aspaper, pens, and folders. - 수정:
We need to buy many office supplies,
such aspaper, pens, and folders. - 이유:
Such as구는 독립적인 문장이 될 수 없습니다. 반드시 수식하는 명사구와 연결되어야 합니다.
like 남발like를 쓰는 경우가 매우 많습니다. 하지만 like는 비교(comparison)의 의미가 강해, 자칫하면 «진짜 예시»가 아니라 «그것과 비슷한 무언가»라는 모호한 인상을 줄 수 있습니다.- 잘못된 예 (논문):
Economic indicators
likeGDP and inflation rate are crucial. - 수정:
Economic indicators
such asGDP and the inflation rate are crucial.
For example 뒤에 명사만 달랑 놓는 경우For example은 부사구이므로 뒤에 완전한 절(clause)이 오거나, 명사만 올 경우 문장 구조 내에서 콤마로 잘 분리되어야 합니다. 문장 시작 부분에서 For example, [Noun].으로 끝내는 것은 문법적으로 불완전합니다(Fragment).- 잘못된 예:
I enjoy outdoor activities.
For example, hiking. - 수정:
I enjoy outdoor activities;
또는for example, I go hiking every weekend.I enjoy outdoor activities,
such ashiking.
Such as | 범주 내의 실제 포함된 사례 (Inclusive) | ~와 같은, ~를 포함하여 |Like | 유사성을 강조하는 비격식적 예시 (Simulative) | ~ 같은 거, ~처럼 |Including | 전체 중 일부를 강조할 때 (Partitive) | ~를 포함한 |Namely | 예시가 아니라 '즉', '다시 말해' (Exhaustive/Specific) | 즉, 다시 말해 |e.g. | for example의 라틴어 약어 (학술/기술 문서용) | 예) |Such as vs IncludingSuch as는 범주를 예시로 보여주는 것이 목적이고, including은 전체 집합 안에 특정 항목이 포함되어 있음을 강조할 때 씁니다.The price covers all expenses,
(세금과 보험이 포함됨을 강조)includingtaxes and insurance.We offer various services
(서비스의 종류를 예로 듦)such astax consulting and insurance planning.
e.g. vs i.e.e.g.는 exempli gratia의 약자로 '예를 들어'라는 뜻이고, i.e.는 id est의 약자로 '즉(that is)'이라는 뜻입니다. 예시를 들 때는 반드시 e.g.를 써야 합니다.For example과 For instance는 완전히 똑같은가요?for example은 실제 존재하는 객관적인 사례를 들 때 더 많이 쓰이고, for instance는 가상의 상황이나 특정 단계를 가정하여 설명할 때(step-by-step illustration) 조금 더 자주 쓰이는 경향이 있습니다. C1 레벨에서는 문맥의 흐름에 따라 어휘의 다양성을 위해 섞어 쓰는 것을 권장합니다.such as 앞에 항상 콤마를 찍어야 하나요?- 예:
Fruits
(모든 과일이 아니라 사과 같은 종류의 과일임을 한정)such asapples are healthy. - 예:
My favorite fruits,
(내가 좋아하는 과일이 이미 무엇인지 아는 상태에서 부연 설명)such asapples and pears, are in season.
etc.를 such as와 함께 써도 되나요?such as나 for example 자체가 이미 '이것들은 예시일 뿐이며 더 많은 것들이 있다'는 의미를 내포하고 있기 때문에, 끝에 etc.를 붙이는 것은 역전앞(驛前-)과 같은 중복입니다. 하나만 선택해서 사용하세요.- Bad:
I like sports
such assoccer, baseball,etc. - Good:
I like sports
such assoccer and baseball.
like를 문장 중간에 쓸 때 콤마를 찍어야 할까요?like 대신 콤마와 함께 such as를 쓰는 것이 더 좋은 선택입니다.Placement and Punctuation of Exemplifiers
| Connector | Position | Punctuation | Register |
|---|---|---|---|
|
For example
|
Start of sentence
|
Followed by a comma
|
Neutral/Formal
|
|
For instance
|
Start of sentence
|
Followed by a comma
|
Formal
|
|
Such as
|
Middle of sentence
|
Comma before (if non-essential)
|
Formal
|
|
Like
|
Middle of sentence
|
Usually no comma
|
Informal
|
|
e.g.
|
Inside parentheses
|
Periods after letters, comma after
|
Technical/Written
|
|
Including
|
Middle of sentence
|
Often preceded by a comma
|
Neutral
|
Common Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Full Latin | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
|
e.g.
|
Exempli gratia
|
For example
|
|
i.e.
|
Id est
|
That is / In other words
|
|
viz.
|
Videlicet
|
Namely / Specifically
|
Meanings
The use of specific words and phrases to introduce instances that illustrate a general statement or category.
Sentence-Level Exemplification
Using a connector to introduce a complete sentence that serves as an example of a previous point.
“The company has faced many challenges. For example, the recent supply chain issues delayed production by months.”
“Exercise is vital for health. For instance, a daily walk can significantly improve cardiovascular fitness.”
Intra-sentential Listing
Introducing a list of examples within a sentence to define a category.
“Citrus fruits such as lemons and oranges are high in Vitamin C.”
“Large predators, such as lions and tigers, require vast territories to hunt.”
Informal Comparison/Listing
Using 'like' to provide examples in casual conversation or less formal writing.
“I love spicy food, like Thai or Mexican.”
“She has a lot of hobbies, like painting and hiking.”
Written Abbreviations
Using Latin-derived abbreviations in formal or technical writing.
“The study focused on several European countries (e.g., France, Germany, and Italy).”
“Please bring the necessary equipment, e.g., a laptop and a charger.”
Reference Table
| 표현 | 용법 | 격식 | 구두점 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
For example
|
일반적인 설명, 구체적인 사례
|
다용도 (격식/비격식)
|
보통 쉼표로 구분
|
|
Such as
|
범주 내 특정 항목 목록 소개
|
중간-높음
|
필수 정보면 쉼표 없음, 부가 정보면 쉼표 사용
|
|
Like
|
비격식 비교, 간단한 예시 또는 유사성
|
비격식
|
보통 쉼표 없음 (하지만 대화 중 멈춤을 나타낼 수 있음)
|
|
E.g.
|
'for example'의 라틴어 약어, 비포괄적인 목록
|
격식/학술적
|
종종 괄호 안에 있거나 문장 뒤에 옴
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
One should consume nutrient-dense foods, such as kale. (Health advice)
You should eat healthy food, for example, kale. (Health advice)
You should eat healthy stuff, like kale. (Health advice)
Get some superfoods in ya, like kale and stuff. (Health advice)
예시 표현 방법
격식/다용도
- For example 구체적인 설명을 도입합니다.
- E.g. 'for example'의 라틴어 약어, 비포괄적.
예시 나열하기
- Such as 범주 내 항목을 소개합니다 (더 격식 있음).
비격식/비교
- Like 비격식적인 예시 또는 비교 (유사함).
예시 표현: 어떤 것을 선택할까요?
예시 표현 선택하기
일반적인 설명이나 완전한 아이디어를 도입하고 있나요?
범주에 속하는 특정 항목들을 나열하고 있나요?
맥락이 비격식적이거나 직접적인 비교를 하고 있나요?
실생활 예시 표현
학술적 글쓰기
- • For example
- • Such as
- • E.g.
비즈니스/전문
- • For example
- • Such as
일상 대화
- • For example
- • Like
문자/소셜 미디어
- • Like
- • For example
수준별 예문
I like pets like dogs.
I like pets like dogs.
For example, I play football.
For example, I play football.
I eat fruit, like an orange.
I eat fruit, like an orange.
She has toys, for example, a doll.
She has toys, for example, a doll.
I want to visit countries like Italy.
I want to visit countries like Italy.
He is good at sports. For example, he swims well.
He is good at sports. For example, he swims well.
You need tools, such as a hammer.
You need tools, such as a hammer.
I like cold drinks, for instance, iced tea.
I like cold drinks, for instance, iced tea.
The city has many problems, such as pollution.
The city has many problems, such as pollution.
There are many ways to save energy. For instance, you can turn off the lights.
There are many ways to save energy. For instance, you can turn off the lights.
I enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and cycling.
I enjoy outdoor activities like hiking and cycling.
Some animals, for example, the panda, are endangered.
Some animals, for example, the panda, are endangered.
Large corporations, such as Google and Apple, dominate the market.
Large corporations, such as Google and Apple, dominate the market.
The policy has several flaws; for example, it ignores the needs of rural communities.
The policy has several flaws; for example, it ignores the needs of rural communities.
You should bring identification (e.g., a passport or driver's license).
You should bring identification (e.g., a passport or driver's license).
He has a lot of experience in the field, for instance, working for three years in Dubai.
He has a lot of experience in the field, for instance, working for three years in Dubai.
The curriculum focuses on STEM subjects, such as advanced calculus and organic chemistry.
The curriculum focuses on STEM subjects, such as advanced calculus and organic chemistry.
Cognitive biases, for instance, the confirmation bias, can skew research results.
Cognitive biases, for instance, the confirmation bias, can skew research results.
The legislation was designed to curb unethical practices; for example, it prohibits insider trading.
The legislation was designed to curb unethical practices; for example, it prohibits insider trading.
Many modernist writers, such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, experimented with stream of consciousness.
Many modernist writers, such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, experimented with stream of consciousness.
The socio-economic ramifications, for example, the widening wealth gap, are profound.
The socio-economic ramifications, for example, the widening wealth gap, are profound.
The project requires specialized software (e.g., AutoCAD or Revit) for architectural modeling.
The project requires specialized software (e.g., AutoCAD or Revit) for architectural modeling.
The treaty addresses several environmental concerns, namely carbon emissions and deforestation.
The treaty addresses several environmental concerns, namely carbon emissions and deforestation.
One might argue that certain linguistic features, such as the use of the subjunctive mood, are declining in colloquial speech.
One might argue that certain linguistic features, such as the use of the subjunctive mood, are declining in colloquial speech.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners use 'i.e.' when they mean 'for example'. 'i.e.' means 'that is' (clarification), while 'e.g.' means 'for example' (illustration).
Learners use 'like' to introduce a clause, but 'as' is traditionally required for clauses.
Learners use 'such as' when they are listing every single item in a category.
자주 하는 실수
I like fruit for example apples.
I like fruit. For example, apples.
I like pets such like dogs.
I like pets such as dogs.
I like sports like, football.
I like sports like football.
For example I am happy.
For example, I am happy.
He has many cars, for example, a Ford.
He has many cars; for example, a Ford.
I like fruits like apples, etc.
I like fruits like apples.
Such as I said, it is raining.
As I said, it is raining.
The company sells electronics, e.g. phones.
The company sells electronics, e.g., phones.
I need a person such as can help me.
I need a person who can help me.
I like movies, for instance, horror.
I like movies—for instance, horror.
The study included several variables such as, age and gender.
The study included several variables, such as age and gender.
We discussed the main issues, namely, the budget.
We discussed the main issues, namely the budget.
He loves poets like Shakespeare.
He loves poets such as Shakespeare.
The results (i.e. the data) were good.
The results (e.g., the data) were good.
문장 패턴
I enjoy ___ like ___ and ___.
There are many ___; for example, ___.
The company faces several ___, such as ___ and ___.
One must consider the ___; for instance, ___.
Real World Usage
Several factors, such as socioeconomic status, influence educational outcomes.
Do you want to see a movie like the new Marvel one?
I have extensive experience; for instance, I led the marketing team for two years.
Ensure all peripherals (e.g., mouse, keyboard) are connected.
Do you have any dairy-free options, such as almond milk?
I love autumn colors, like the deep reds and oranges of the leaves.
다양한 표현 사용하기
Usingfor example,such as, and like interchangeably makes your writing and speaking more dynamic and engaging.
격식 있는 글에서는 'Like' 피하기
While like is fantastic for casual chats, steer clear of it when introducing examples in academic papers or professional emails.
구두점의 중요성
Pay close attention to commas around for example.'Like'의 미묘한 뉘앙스
In some English-speaking cultures, particularly among younger demographics, like can be used as a discourse marker.
간결함을 위한 'E.g.'
In academic or technical writing,e.g.(exempli gratia) is an excellent, concise alternative tofor example.
Smart Tips
Try replacing every second 'like' with 'such as' or 'for instance' to instantly sound more professional.
Use 'e.g.' followed by a comma. It looks cleaner and more technical.
Use 'For instance' at the start of the sentence to give the reader a clear signal.
Use 'particularly' or 'specifically' instead of 'such as'.
발음
Parenthetical Intonation
When 'for example' is in the middle of a sentence, your pitch should drop slightly and you should pause briefly before and after.
The 'Such as' Glide
In 'such as', the 'ch' and 'a' often link together in fast speech.
Rising-Falling for Examples
I like fruit, ↗ such as ↘ apples.
The rising tone on 'such as' prepares the listener for the list.
암기하기
기억법
Remember 'F.L.S.' - Formal (For instance), Loose (Like), Standard (Such as).
시각적 연상
Imagine a magnifying glass hovering over a large group of items, highlighting just one or two specific ones. The magnifying glass is the connector.
Rhyme
When writing for a boss, 'such as' is the gloss; when talking to a mate, 'like' is really great.
Story
A professor (Formal) uses 'Such as' to explain physics. A student (Informal) uses 'Like' to explain his weekend. They both use 'For example' to meet in the middle.
Word Web
챌린지
Write three sentences about your favorite city using 'for instance', 'such as', and 'like' correctly in each.
문화 노트
In US academic circles, 'e.g.' and 'i.e.' are strictly differentiated. Using them interchangeably is seen as a sign of poor editing.
British English is often more relaxed about the comma after 'e.g.' compared to American English.
Using 'for instance' instead of 'for example' can make you sound more sophisticated and persuasive in a boardroom setting.
'Such as' comes from Middle English 'swich as'. 'For example' is a direct translation of the Latin 'exempli gratia'.
대화 시작하기
What are some hobbies you'd like to try, such as skydiving or painting?
Can you name some global issues, for instance, climate change, that worry you?
In your professional opinion, what are the traits of a good leader, such as empathy or decisiveness?
Discuss the impact of disruptive technologies, for example, AI, on the modern workforce.
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Test Yourself
Many birds, ___ sparrows and robins, are common in this park.
Choose the correct sentence:
Find and fix the mistake:
She has many skills, like coding and problem-solving, that are useful.
Translate into English: 'Disfruto de muchas frutas, por ejemplo, manzanas y plátanos.'
Answer starts with: ["I...
Score: /4
연습 문제
8 exercisesThe government has implemented several new taxes, ___ the carbon tax.
Find and fix the mistake:
I love winter sports, for example, skiing is my favorite.
Please bring your ID (___, a passport).
I like fruits like apples.
You should use 'etc.' at the end of a list that starts with 'such as'.
Select the sentence-starting connectors.
A: Why do you like this city? B: Well, it has great culture. ___, there are many museums.
Connect the pairs.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesWe need certain ingredients, ___ flour and sugar, for the cake recipe.
Arrange these words into a sentence: ['example,', 'For', 'she', 'reads', 'historical', 'fiction', 'loves', 'books.']
He has many hobbies, like playing guitar and painting, to relax.
Translate into English: 'Ella tiene varias mascotas, como perros y gatos.'
Which sentence is correct?
Match the example phrase with its formality:
The company offers various benefits, ___ health insurance and paid leave, to its employees.
Arrange these words into a sentence: ['skills', 'like', 'Problem-solving', 'and', 'are', 'communication', 'crucial', 'for', 'this', 'role.']
Find and fix the mistake: 'She loves animals, for example a cat or a dog, living with her.'
Translate into English: 'Muchos países europeos, por ejemplo Francia y Alemania, son parte de la UE.'
Which sentence correctly uses an example phrase?
Match the phrase with its use:
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
It is generally discouraged. Use `such as` or `for instance` instead to maintain a formal tone.
`e.g.` stands for 'exempli gratia' (for example), while `i.e.` stands for 'id est' (that is). Use `e.g.` for a list of examples and `i.e.` for a definition or clarification.
Yes, when it starts a sentence or follows a semicolon, a comma is required to set it off from the rest of the sentence.
They are very similar, but `for instance` is often perceived as slightly more formal or sophisticated in professional writing.
Generally, no. `Such as` is a prepositional phrase that should follow the noun it is illustrating. Use `For example` to start a sentence.
Because `such as` already indicates that you are providing a partial list. Adding `etc.` is repetitive and considered poor style.
The correct phrase is `such as`. `Such like` is non-standard and should be avoided.
The comma goes *before* `such as`, never after it. For example: 'I like fruit, such as apples.'
Scaffolded Practice
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In Other Languages
por ejemplo / como
English distinguishes between 'like' (preposition) and 'as' (conjunction).
par exemple / comme
French 'comme' is used more broadly than English 'like'.
zum Beispiel / wie
German 'wie' can also mean 'how', leading to different sentence structures.
tatoeba / nado
Japanese uses particles and end-of-sentence markers for examples.
mathalan / mithla
Arabic exemplifiers can change form based on the case of the noun.
liru / xiang
Chinese does not use commas as strictly as English for these connectors.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
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