Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use sequencing words like 'First', 'Then', and 'Finally' to organize your thoughts and help people follow your story or instructions.
- Start with 'First' or 'Firstly' to introduce your very first point or action.
- Use 'Then', 'Next', or 'After that' to move between middle steps in any order.
- Always use 'Finally' or 'Lastly' for the very last step to signal you are finished.
Overview
then, next, finally 같은 특정 단어들을 사용합니다. 이 단어들이 없다면 여러분의 문장은 그저 무작위로 쌓인 사건 더미에 불과해요.How This Grammar Works
Next(다음으로), 수분 크림을 발랐죠.Then(그러고 나서), 이 귀여운 옷을 골랐어요. Finally(마지막으로), 열쇠를 챙겨 나왔답니다." 차이가 느껴지시나요? 각 단어가 청자에게 신호를 보냅니다.Next와 then은 이야기 중간에서 열일하는 일꾼들이에요. 이 둘은 형제 같은 사이라 하는 일은 같지만 느낌이 조금 달라요. Next는 체크리스트의 바로 다음 항목처럼 좀 더 즉각적인 느낌을 줍니다.Then은 좀 더 여유롭고 긴 시간 동안 일어난 일들을 연결할 때 좋습니다. 그리고 finally가 있죠. 이건 '마침표' 같은 단어예요.
Formation Pattern
First나 First of all 같은 단어로 시작하세요. 예: First, open the app.
next, then, 또는 after that을 사용하세요. 이들은 서로 바꿔 쓸 수 있으니 걱정 마세요! 예: Next, select your favorite pizza.Then, enter your discount code.
finally를 사용하세요. 예: "Finally, hit the 'order' button."
Next, [주어] + [동사]...
Then, [주어] + [동사]...
Finally, [주어] + [동사]...
When To Use It
라고 할 거예요.Next, plug in the power supply...then, connect the monitor.
- 여행 브이로그:
도쿄에 도착했어요.
Next호텔을 찾았죠.Then인생 라멘을 먹었어요.Finally침대에 쓰러졌답니다. - 비즈니스 이메일: Slack에서 상사에게 프로젝트 일정을 설명할 때:
오늘 초안을 끝낼게요.
Next검토를 요청할게요.Finally금요일에 드라이브에 올릴게요. - 취업 면접: 면접관이 «전형적인 하루 일과를 말해보세요»라고 할 때:
First 이메일을 확인합니다.
Next회의에 참석하죠.Then코딩 작업에 집중합니다. - SNS 캡션:
나의 주말: First 갓생 살 줄 알았다.
NextTikTok을 켰다.Finally월요일 아침이었다.
Common Mistakes
- 1
ThenvsThan함정: 정말 자주 틀리는 거예요.Then은 시간(그러고 나서),Than은 비교(~보다)입니다.I am taller
가 맞아요. 헷갈리지 마세요!thanyou - 2너무 빠른
Finally: 아직 세 단계가 더 남았는데finally를 쓰지 마세요. 사람들이 혼란스러워합니다. - 3
And Then반복: 초보자들은 «자고 일어나서 그러고 나서 씻고 그러고 나서 먹고...»라며and then만 반복하곤 해요.Next,After that으로 변화를 주세요. - 4쉼표 생략: 글을 쓸 때
next나finally뒤에 쉼표를 빼먹으면 문장이 독자를 앞질러 달려가는 느낌이 듭니다. - 5지나치게 격식 차리기: A2 레벨에서 굳이
Subsequently같은 어려운 말을 쓸 필요는 없어요. 일상 대화에서는next와then이면 충분합니다.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
then과 after를 헷갈려 해요. After는 뒤에 명사나 절이 꼭 와야 하는 '의존적인' 단어예요(After lunch). 그냥 After, I went home이라고만 할 순 없어요. 반면
then은 '외로운 늑대'처럼 혼자 쓰일 수 있어요. I ate lunch. Then, I went home. 완벽하죠.Next vs Next to예요. Next는 시간, Next to는 물리적인 위치(~옆에)를 뜻합니다.Lastly vs Finally입니다. 거의 같지만 lastly는 목록의 항목들을 나열할 때 주로 써요. Finally는 긴 여정의 끝 같은 느낌이 더 강합니다.Quick FAQ
Then으로 이야기를 시작해도 되나요?
보통은 안 돼요. Then은 그전에 뭔 일이 있었다는 걸 전제로 해요. First로 시작하세요.
Next와 Then은 완전히 똑같나요?
거의요! 90%의 상황에서 서로 바꿔 쓸 수 있어요. Next는 설명서 느낌, then은 자연스러운 이야기 느낌이 납니다.
쉼표는 꼭 찍어야 하나요?
격식 있는 글에서는 찍어야 해요. 친구에게 보내는 짧은 문자라면 없어도 되지만, 찍으면 훨씬 영어를 잘해 보인답니다!
Finally는 격식 있는 말인가요?
둘 다 가능해요! 논문에서도 쓸 수 있고, 느린 친구가 마침내 음료를 다 마셨을 때도 쓸 수 있어요.
Common Sequencing Connectors
| Position | Word/Phrase | Formality | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Beginning
|
First / Firstly
|
Neutral / Formal
|
First, boil water.
|
|
Middle
|
Then
|
Informal / Neutral
|
Then, add salt.
|
|
Middle
|
Next
|
Neutral
|
Next, stir it.
|
|
Middle
|
After that
|
Neutral
|
After that, wait.
|
|
End
|
Finally
|
Neutral
|
Finally, eat.
|
|
End
|
Lastly
|
Formal
|
Lastly, clean up.
|
Meanings
Words used to link sentences and paragraphs together by showing the chronological or logical order of events.
Chronological Narrative
Describing a series of events that happened in the past or happen habitually.
“First, we went to the museum, then we had lunch.”
“Next, the hero enters the dark cave.”
Instructional Steps
Giving clear, step-by-step directions or recipes.
“First, boil the water. Next, add the pasta.”
“Then, stir the sauce for five minutes.”
Logical Argumentation
Organizing points in a speech or essay to build a case.
“First, the cost is too high. Next, we don't have enough staff.”
“Finally, the project is not necessary right now.”
Reference Table
| 순서 표현 | 문장 내 위치 | 주로 쓰이는 상황 |
|---|---|---|
|
First / First of all
|
시작
|
이야기나 레시피 시작할 때
|
|
Then
|
중간
|
이야기하거나 일상적인 일
|
|
Next
|
중간
|
지시사항, 체크리스트
|
|
After that
|
중간
|
어휘를 다양하게
|
|
Finally
|
끝
|
과정이나 이야기 마무리
|
|
Lastly
|
끝
|
요점 목록 마무리
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Firstly, depress the power button. Subsequently, enter your credentials. (Tech support)
First, press the power button. Then, type your password. (Tech support)
First off, hit the power. Then just log in. (Tech support)
First, boot it up. Then, do your thing. (Tech support)
순서 연결어
시작
- First Zuerst
- First of all Als allererstes
중간
- Then Dann
- Next Danach / Als nächstes
- After that Nachher
끝
- Finally Schließlich
- Lastly Zuletzt
'Then'과 'Than' 비교
어떤 단어가 필요할까?
시작하는 부분인가요?
가장 마지막 단계인가요?
사용 상황
지시사항
- • Next, click here
- • Then, add salt
이야기하기
- • Then, he laughed
- • Finally, they met
안도감 표현
- • Finally, it's over!
- • Finally, lunch!
수준별 예문
First, I drink water.
Primero, bebo agua.
Then, I go to work.
Luego, voy al trabajo.
Finally, I sleep.
Finalmente, duermo.
First, open the door.
Primero, abre la puerta.
First, wash the apples. Next, cut them.
Primero, lava las manzanas. Después, córtalas.
After that, we went to the park.
Después de eso, fuimos al parque.
Then, he called his mother.
Entonces, él llamó a su madre.
Finally, the movie finished at 10 PM.
Finalmente, la película terminó a las 10 PM.
To begin with, we need to discuss the budget.
Para empezar, necesitamos discutir el presupuesto.
Subsequently, the company decided to hire more staff.
Posteriormente, la empresa decidió contratar más personal.
Lastly, I would like to thank my family.
Por último, me gustaría agradecer a mi familia.
Afterwards, we all went out for a celebratory drink.
Después, todos salimos a tomar algo para celebrar.
Firstly, the evidence suggests a significant shift in climate.
En primer lugar, la evidencia sugiere un cambio significativo en el clima.
Furthermore, the data indicates a rise in sea levels.
Además, los datos indican un aumento en el nivel del mar.
In conclusion, we must act immediately.
En conclusión, debemos actuar de inmediato.
Following this, the participants were asked to complete a survey.
A continuación, se pidió a los participantes que completaran una encuesta.
First and foremost, we must address the ethical implications.
Ante todo, debemos abordar las implicaciones éticas.
To conclude, the findings underscore the need for reform.
Para concluir, los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de una reforma.
Thereafter, the treaty was signed by all parties.
A partir de entonces, el tratado fue firmado por todas las partes.
By way of conclusion, let us examine the long-term effects.
A modo de conclusión, examinemos los efectos a largo plazo.
To commence, one must acknowledge the inherent biases in the study.
Para comenzar, uno debe reconocer los sesgos inherentes en el estudio.
Whereupon, the protagonist realized the futility of his quest.
Tras lo cual, el protagonista se dio cuenta de la futilidad de su búsqueda.
In the final analysis, the policy proved to be a resounding success.
En última instancia, la política resultó ser un éxito rotundo.
Heretofore, such discoveries were considered impossible.
Hasta ahora, tales descubrimientos se consideraban imposibles.
혼동하기 쉬운
They sound almost identical in fast speech. Learners often swap the spelling.
Learners use 'At first' to start a simple list.
Both mean the end, but 'At last' has an emotional component.
자주 하는 실수
I eat and finally I go.
I eat and then I go.
First I wake up.
First, I wake up.
Then I am happy.
I am happy then.
First, I go. Second, I eat.
First, I go. Then, I eat.
At first, I go to the gym.
First, I go to the gym.
He is better then me.
He is better than me.
Finally! I finished.
Finally, I finished.
Firstly... Secondly... Thirdly... Finally...
First... Next... Also... Finally...
In the end, add the salt.
Finally, add the salt.
문장 패턴
First, I ___. Then, I ___.
Next, you need to ___.
Real World Usage
First, chop the onions. Next, fry them in oil.
First, turn left on Main St. Then, go straight for 2 miles.
First, I finished the slides. Next, I'll send the invite.
First we went to the bar, then we saw Dave!
Firstly, the author argues that... Secondly, he suggests...
First, please restart your router. Then, check the cables.
'Then'과 'Than' 함정 조심!
Incorrect: I am taller then you. Correct: I am taller than you.
다양하게 쓰는 것이 중요해요!
First, I went to the store. Next, I bought milk. After that, I went home.
기다리던 순간의 'Finally!'
Finally! The weekend is here!
Smart Tips
Replace every second 'and then' with 'After that' or 'Next'. It makes you sound much more fluent.
Use 'Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly' instead of 'First, Next, Then'. It sounds more logical and persuasive.
Use 'First off' instead of 'First'. It's a very common native-speaker expression.
You don't need a comma if 'then' follows 'and'.
발음
The Comma Pause
When a sequencing word starts a sentence, there is a slight rising intonation followed by a brief pause.
Rising-Falling
Next, ↗ we go to the park. ↘
Signals that the sequence is continuing.
암기하기
기억법
Remember 'TNF': The Next Flight. (Then, Next, Finally).
시각적 연상
Imagine a set of stairs. 'First' is the bottom step, 'Then/Next' are the middle steps, and 'Finally' is the top landing.
Rhyme
First you start, then you play, finally you finish the day.
Story
Imagine making a peanut butter sandwich. First, you get the bread. Next, you spread the peanut butter. Finally, you eat it.
Word Web
챌린지
Write down 3 things you did this morning using First, Then, and Finally.
문화 노트
British speakers are slightly more likely to use 'Firstly, Secondly' in semi-formal speech than Americans.
Americans often drop the '-ly' and just say 'First, Second, Third' even in formal writing.
In international meetings, using these words is considered very polite because it helps non-native speakers follow the logic.
'Then' comes from the Old English 'thanne', which was used to indicate time.
대화 시작하기
What is your morning routine?
How do you make your favorite sandwich?
Tell me about your last vacation.
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
First, I woke up. ____, I made coffee.
Choose the best ending:
Find and fix the mistake:
I am smarter then you.
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercises___, I wake up. Then, I eat breakfast. Finally, I go to work.
Mix the flour and eggs. Next, add milk. ___, bake for 20 minutes.
Find and fix the mistake:
He is much taller then his brother.
1. Finally, eat it. 2. First, buy a pizza. 3. Then, cook it.
Match the following:
Choose the correct one:
I went to the store. ___, I went to the bank.
___, the train has arrived! I've been waiting for hours.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesFirst, download the app. ____, create an account.
Finally, I ate breakfast. Then, I woke up.
A) Finally, eat the pizza. B) Then, put it in the oven. C) First, make the dough.
Zuerst lerne ich, dann mache ich die Prüfung.
____, click the bell icon to get notifications.
Match the sequencing words:
I waited for two hours. ____, the bus arrived!
Next I will call you.
1) Finally, go to sleep. 2) Next, go to work. 3) First, have coffee.
Schließlich sind wir da!
Score: /10
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Yes, you can! Just remember to put a comma after it: `Then, we went home.`
`First` is more common in speaking. `Firstly` is more formal and used in academic writing or speeches.
You can use `Next` or `Then` as many times as you want in the middle of a list, but it's better to vary them so you don't sound repetitive.
No, it is two words. It acts as a single connector phrase.
Usually, no. You need a `First` to establish the beginning before you can have a `Next`.
Yes, but `Lastly` is the more common adverb form for the end of a list.
In formal writing, yes. In casual texting, people often skip it, but it's better to keep it for clarity.
Use `First` and `Then`. You don't need `Finally` for just two things.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Primero, luego, finalmente
Spanish often uses 'después' where English might prefer 'next'.
D'abord, ensuite, enfin
French speakers often use 'puis' at the start of sentences more than English speakers use 'then'.
Zuerst, dann, schließlich
In German, the verb must be the second element, so it's 'Zuerst trinke ich' (First drink I) instead of 'First, I drink'.
Mazu, sorekara, saigo ni
Japanese connectors often end with a particle like 'wa' or 'ni', and the sentence structure is SOV.
Awwalan, thumma, akhiran
Arabic often uses the prefix 'wa-' (and) in front of these connectors.
Shouxian, ranhou, zuihou
Chinese doesn't require the comma as strictly as English does in writing.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
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