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A1 noun 7분 분량

چراغ

cheragh
예시 چراغ 30초 만에
설명 چراغ in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners focus on the most basic and essential uses of 'چراغ' (cherāgh). This primarily involves identifying the object in a room and using simple verbs like 'روشن کردن' (to turn on) and 'خاموش کردن' (to turn off). A1 students learn that 'cherāgh' is a noun and that it requires the object marker 'rā' when it is the direct object of a sentence. Exercises at this level usually involve simple requests like 'Please turn on the light' or describing a room by saying 'There is a lamp on the table.' The focus is on physical objects in the immediate environment. Learners also encounter the word in the context of colors, specifically with traffic lights (red, yellow, green), which helps reinforce both vocabulary and basic cultural navigation.
At the A2 level, the vocabulary expands to include common compound nouns and more descriptive adjectives. Learners start using 'چراغ راهنمایی' (traffic light) and 'چراغ‌قوه' (flashlight) in more complex sentences. They begin to describe the quality of the light, such as 'چراغ پرنور' (bright lamp) or 'چراغ کم‌نور' (dim lamp). At this stage, students are introduced to the past tense, allowing them to say 'The light was off' or 'I turned on the lights yesterday.' They also learn the difference between 'cherāgh' (the fixture) and 'lāmp' (the bulb). Simple social scenarios, like asking someone to fix a broken light, become part of the curriculum.
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Level B1 introduces more abstract and idiomatic uses of 'چراغ.' Students learn common phrases like 'چراغ سبز نشان دادن' (to give the green light/approval). They begin to encounter the word in short stories or news articles, where it might describe street lighting or the atmosphere of a city at night. The grammar becomes more sophisticated, using conditional sentences like 'If the light is red, you must stop.' Learners also start to understand the role of 'cherāgh' in Persian hospitality and home life, such as the importance of keeping a house 'bright' (roshan) as a sign of welcome and prosperity. They can now discuss energy conservation and the types of lamps used in different rooms.
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At the B2 level, learners explore the word's presence in media, technical contexts, and moderately complex literature. They might read about the history of electricity in Iran or technical descriptions of different lighting technologies (LED, fluorescent, halogen). The metaphorical use of 'cherāgh' as a symbol of hope or knowledge becomes more prominent. Students can debate the environmental impact of city lights or the aesthetic choices in interior design. They are expected to use the word fluently in various registers, from informal chats with friends to more formal discussions about urban planning or safety regulations. The use of 'cherāgh' in proverbs starts to be introduced here.
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C1 learners delve into the deep literary and historical roots of 'چراغ.' They study classical Persian poetry where the lamp is a central motif for the soul, the teacher, or the beloved. At this level, students can analyze the nuances between 'cherāgh,' 'mash'al,' and 'fānoos' in a poetic text. They understand the philosophical implications of light in Persian culture, influenced by both pre-Islamic Zoroastrianism and Islamic mysticism (Sufism). Their vocabulary includes archaic forms and rare compound words. They can write essays on the symbolism of light in Iranian cinema or literature, using 'cherāgh' as a focal point for cultural analysis. They are also comfortable with legal or highly technical texts involving lighting.
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At the C2 level, the learner has a near-native grasp of 'چراغ' in all its dimensions. They can appreciate the subtle wordplay in sophisticated prose and poetry. They understand the historical evolution of the word from Old Persian roots to its modern multifaceted usage. C2 speakers can use 'cherāgh' in highly specialized professional contexts, such as electrical engineering, stage lighting for theater, or academic research into Persian linguistics. They can effortlessly switch between the most colloquial slang and the most formal literary registers. For a C2 learner, 'چراغ' is not just a word for a lamp; it is a cultural icon that represents the long history of Persian civilization's quest for light and knowledge.
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예시

چراغ 30초 만에

  • Cherāgh is the standard Persian word for lamp or any artificial light source used in daily life.
  • It is used for everything from desk lamps and ceiling lights to traffic signals and flashlights.
  • The most important verbs to learn with it are roshan kardan (turn on) and khāmush kardan (turn off).
  • Beyond its physical meaning, it is a powerful cultural symbol of hope, knowledge, and spiritual guidance.
The Persian word چراغ (pronounced cherāgh) is a fundamental noun in the Persian language that primarily translates to 'lamp' or 'light.' However, its usage extends far beyond a simple desk lamp. In the modern context, it encompasses any device that produces light, ranging from the ancient oil lamps of the Silk Road to the modern LED bulbs illuminating the streets of Tehran today. When an Iranian person enters a dark room, the first thing they seek is the کلید چراغ (light switch). The word carries a deep sense of warmth and guidance, both physically and metaphorically. Historically, the word is rooted in Middle Persian and has remained remarkably stable over centuries. In a household setting, you will hear it used for ceiling lights, bedside lamps, and even the small indicator lights on electronic appliances. It is a CEFR A1 level word because of its essential nature in daily life. You cannot navigate a home, a street, or a conversation about safety and visibility without it.
Common Usage
Used to describe any artificial light source in a domestic or urban environment.

لطفاً چراغ را روشن کن چون اتاق خیلی تاریک است.

Beyond the physical object, چراغ is deeply embedded in Persian literature and mystical traditions. In the poetry of Rumi or Hafez, the lamp often symbolizes the soul, the heart, or the divine guidance that leads a seeker through the darkness of ignorance. This duality makes the word fascinating for learners; while you use it to ask for a light at a dinner table, you are also using a word that has carried the weight of spiritual enlightenment for over a millennium.
Metaphorical Use
Referring to a child as the 'lamp of the house' (چراغ خانه) to signify they bring joy and hope.

او چراغ راه من در سختی‌ها بود.

این چراغ مطالعه برای میز من خیلی بزرگ است.

ما برای حیاط چند چراغ جدید خریدیم.

Technical Term
In automotive terms, 'cherāgh' refers to headlights (چراغ جلو) and taillights (چراغ عقب).

یکی از چراغ‌های ماشین سوخته است.

In summary, whether you are discussing interior design, driving through traffic, or reading classical poetry, this word is your primary tool for describing anything that conquers darkness.
Using the word چراغ in a sentence requires an understanding of its common collocations and the verbs that typically accompany it. For beginners, the most important verbs to pair with it are روشن کردن (to turn on/light) and خاموش کردن (to turn off/extinguish). For example, 'I turned on the lamp' is من چراغ را روشن کردم. Notice the use of the object marker 'rā' (را) because the lamp is a specific object. In Persian, the word 'cherāgh' remains the same regardless of whether it is an electric bulb or a candle-based lantern, though specific terms like شمع (candle) exist.
Basic Sentence Structure
Subject + چراغ + را + Verb (Roshan/Khāmush kardan).

مادرم همیشه قبل از خواب چراغ‌ها را چک می‌کند.

When talking about traffic, the word becomes part of a compound noun: چراغ راهنمایی (traffic light). You might say, 'The light turned red,' which is چراغ قرمز شد. This is a crucial phrase for anyone driving in Iran or navigating the busy streets of cities like Isfahan or Shiraz.

پشت چراغ قرمز منتظر بمان.

In more advanced usage, you can use the word to describe status or permission. 'Giving the green light' (چراغ سبز نشان دادن) is used exactly like in English to mean giving approval for a project or an idea.
Pluralization
The plural is 'cherāgh-hā' (چراغ‌ها). In formal writing, you might see 'cherāghāt,' but that is extremely rare and archaic.

او به من برای شروع کار چراغ سبز نشان داد.

چراغ نفتی قدیمی در موزه قرار دارد.

خورشید بزرگترین چراغ جهان است.

Descriptive Adjectives
Common adjectives include 'por-noor' (bright), 'kam-noor' (dim), and 'rangi' (colored).

این چراغ خیلی کم‌نور است و نمی‌توانم مطالعه کنم.

By mastering these sentence patterns, you can effectively communicate your needs regarding visibility and safety in any Persian-speaking environment.
The word چراغ is omnipresent in the daily auditory landscape of Iran. If you are walking down a street in Tabriz, you will hear shopkeepers calling out about their 'cherāgh-hā-ye LED' (LED lights). In a taxi, the driver might grumble about the چراغ قرمز (red light) lasting too long. It is a word that bridges the gap between the mundane and the poetic. In a typical Iranian home, the phrase چراغ را خاموش کن (turn off the light) is heard dozens of times a day as family members move between rooms. This frequent usage makes it one of the most reinforced words for a language learner.
In the Home
Parents telling children to turn off lights to save energy, or asking to 'turn on the lamp' for reading.

بچه‌ها، وقتی از اتاق خارج می‌شوید چراغ را خاموش کنید.

You will also hear it in news reports concerning infrastructure. For example, 'The city's street lights were repaired' would use the term چراغ‌های معابر. In the realm of entertainment, Persian songs often use the 'lamp' as a metaphor for a lover's eyes or the hope in one's heart. If you watch an Iranian film, you might see a character lighting a چراغ پیه‌سوز (an old tallow lamp) in a historical drama, or struggling with a flickering مهتابی (fluorescent light) in a gritty urban drama.

برق رفت، لطفاً چراغ‌قوه را بیاور.

تمام چراغ‌های خیابان به خاطر طوفان خاموش شدند.

او در تاریکی با یک چراغ کوچک دنبال کلیدش می‌گشت.

In Public Spaces
Airports, hospitals, and schools all use specialized 'cherāgh' terms for emergency exits and signaling.

چراغ راهنمایی در این تقاطع خراب است.

Because the word is so common, it is often slurred or shortened in rapid speech, but the core 'ch-r-gh' sound remains distinct. Hearing this word is a sign that you are engaging with the functional, everyday reality of Persian speakers.
For English speakers, the most common mistake when using چراغ is choosing the wrong verb for 'turning on' or 'turning off.' In English, we use 'turn,' which implies a rotation. In Persian, you must use روشن کردن (to make bright/light) or خاموش کردن (to extinguish). Beginners often try to translate 'turn' literally using 'pichāndan,' which would sound very strange to a native speaker. Another mistake involves confusing چراغ (the fixture) with نور (the light/illumination itself). While related, they are not always interchangeable. You turn on the چراغ to get more نور.
Verb Confusion
Incorrect: چراغ را باز کن (Open the light). Correct: چراغ را روشن کن (Light the light).

اشتباه: من چراغ را باز کردم. درست: من چراغ را روشن کردم.

Another nuance is the pluralization. While 'cherāgh-hā' is the standard plural, learners sometimes forget that in Persian, when a number precedes a noun, the noun remains singular. For example, 'five lamps' is panj cherāgh, not panj cherāgh-hā. This is a general rule in Persian but frequently forgotten with common objects like lamps.

او پنج چراغ برای اتاقش خرید. (Not چراغ‌ها)

نور این چراغ چشم را می‌زند. (Using 'noor' to describe the effect of the lamp).

نباید چراغ را بیهوده روشن بگذاری.

Confusion with 'Lamp'
While 'lāmp' (لامپ) is used in Persian, it usually refers specifically to the bulb itself, whereas 'cherāgh' refers to the whole fixture.

چراغ سالم است اما لامپش سوخته.

Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Persian sound much more natural and precise.
While چراغ is the most versatile word for light sources, Persian offers several alternatives depending on the context and the specific type of light. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker. The most common synonym is لامپ (lāmp), which is a loanword from European languages. As mentioned, لامپ usually refers to the actual glass bulb that you screw in, while چراغ is the lamp as an object (the stand, the shade, etc.).
Cherāgh vs. Lāmp
Cherāgh = The fixture/device. Lāmp = The light bulb.

من باید یک لامپ ۱۰۰ وات برای این چراغ بخرم.

Another related word is نور (noor), which means 'light' in the sense of the physical phenomenon or illumination. You cannot 'turn on a noor,' but a cherāgh produces noor. In poetic or religious contexts, مشعل (mash'al) refers to a torch or a beacon. For street lighting, you might hear فانوس (fānoos), which specifically refers to a lantern, often the portable kind or the decorative ones found in traditional bazaars.

فانوس در باد خاموش شد.

نور ماه از پنجره به داخل می‌تابید.

Specific Types
Looster (لوستر) for chandelier, Ābājour (آباژور) for a lampshade/floor lamp.

آن‌ها یک لوستر بزرگ در پذیرایی دارند.

علاءالدین چراغ جادو را لمس کرد.

In summary, while cherāgh is your 'go-to' word, knowing lāmp, noor, fānoos, and looster will allow you to describe any lighting scenario with precision.
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수준별 예문

1

این چراغ است.

This is a lamp.

Simple demonstrative sentence with the verb 'ast'.

2

چراغ را روشن کن.

Turn on the light.

Imperative form of 'roshan kardan'.

3

چراغ خاموش است.

The light is off.

Adjective 'khāmush' used as a predicate.

4

آن چراغ قرمز است.

That light is red.

Color adjective following the noun.

5

یک چراغ روی میز است.

There is a lamp on the table.

Use of 'yek' for indefinite article and 'ru-ye' for position.

6

چراغ کجاست؟

Where is the lamp?

Interrogative sentence using 'kojāst'.

7

من چراغ را می‌بینم.

I see the light.

Present continuous/simple form of 'didān'.

8

چراغ کوچک است.

The lamp is small.

Adjective 'kuchek' describing size.

1

چراغ مطالعه من خراب شده است.

My study lamp is broken.

Compound noun 'cherāgh-e motāle'eh' and present perfect 'kharāb shodeh ast'.

2

او یک چراغ‌قوه در دست دارد.

He has a flashlight in his hand.

Compound noun 'cherāgh-ghoveh'.

3

چراغ‌های خیابان روشن شدند.

The street lights turned on.

Plural noun 'cherāgh-hā' and passive-like construction.

4

لطفاً چراغ را خاموش کنید تا بخوابیم.

Please turn off the light so we can sleep.

Use of 'tā' (so that) with subjunctive 'bekhābim'.

5

این چراغ خیلی پرنور است.

This lamp is very bright.

Adjective 'por-noor' (full of light).

6

چراغ ماشین کار نمی‌کند.

The car light isn't working.

Genitive construction 'cherāgh-e māshin'.

7

ما به یک چراغ جدید نیاز داریم.

We need a new lamp.

Verb 'niyāz dāshtan' (to need).

8

چراغ راهنمایی زرد شد.

The traffic light turned yellow.

Verb 'shodan' (to become/turn).

1

اگر چراغ قرمز باشد، باید بایستید.

If the light is red, you must stop.

Conditional sentence with 'agar' and subjunctive 'bāshad'.

2

رئیس به پروژه ما چراغ سبز نشان داد.

The boss gave our project the green light.

Idiomatic use of 'cherāgh-e sabz neshān dādan'.

3

چراغ‌های شهر از دور می‌درخشیدند.

The city lights were shining from afar.

Past continuous verb 'midarakhshidand'.

4

او همیشه چراغ اتاقش را تا دیر وقت روشن می‌گذارد.

He always leaves his room light on until late.

Compound verb 'roshan gozāshtan'.

5

به نظر می‌رسد لامپ این چراغ سوخته است.

It seems the bulb of this lamp has burned out.

Verb 'soukhtan' for bulbs and 'be nazar mi-rasad' (it seems).

6

در قدیم از چراغ‌های نفتی استفاده می‌کردند.

In the old days, they used oil lamps.

Past habitual 'estefādeh mi-kardand'.

7

چراغ خواب کودکان معمولاً نور ملایمی دارد.

Children's night lights usually have a soft light.

Compound noun 'cherāgh-e khāb'.

8

او با چراغ‌قوه به دنبال کلیدهایش گشت.

He searched for his keys with a flashlight.

Preposition 'bā' (with) and past tense 'gasht'.

1

تکنولوژی ال‌ئی‌دی باعث صرفه‌جویی در مصرف برق چراغ‌ها شده است.

LED technology has led to energy savings in lamp consumption.

Complex noun phrases and 'bā'es-e ... shodan' construction.

2

چراغ‌های چشمک‌زن هشداردهنده در جاده نصب شده‌اند.

Flashing warning lights have been installed on the road.

Participial adjective 'cheshmak-zan' and passive voice.

3

او چراغ راه زندگی من در دوران سخت بود.

He was the guiding light of my life during hard times.

Metaphorical usage in a formal/literary tone.

4

طراح داخلی از چندین چراغ دیواری برای ایجاد فضا استفاده کرد.

The interior designer used several wall lamps to create atmosphere.

Technical vocabulary like 'tarrāh-e dākheli' and 'cherāgh-e divāri'.

5

چراغ‌های سالن تئاتر به آرامی خاموش شدند.

The theater hall lights dimmed slowly.

Adverbial phrase 'be ārāmi'.

6

بررسی چراغ‌های خودرو قبل از سفر الزامی است.

Checking the car lights before a trip is mandatory.

Formal vocabulary like 'elzāmi' and gerund 'barrasi'.

7

او با احتیاط از چراغ قرمز عبور کرد و جریمه شد.

He cautiously passed a red light and was fined.

Compound verb 'oboor kardan' and passive 'jarimeh shod'.

8

نور چراغ‌های فلورسنت گاهی باعث سردرد می‌شود.

The light from fluorescent lamps sometimes causes headaches.

Scientific term 'fluorescent' and cause-effect structure.

1

در اشعار کلاسیک، چراغ نمادی از پیر و مرشد است.

In classical poems, the lamp is a symbol of the elder and spiritual guide.

Literary analysis vocabulary: 'ash'ār-e kelāsik', 'namād'.

2

فانوس‌های دریایی به عنوان چراغ‌های راهنما برای کشتی‌ها عمل می‌کنند.

Lighthouses act as guiding lights for ships.

Compound term 'fānoos-e daryāyi' and 'be onvān-e' (as/in the role of).

3

نورپردازی با چراغ‌های مخفی جلوه‌ای مدرن به ساختمان می‌بخشد.

Lighting with hidden lamps gives a modern look to the building.

Abstract verb 'jelveh bakhshidan'.

4

او با چراغ دانش، تاریکی جهل را از میان برد.

With the lamp of knowledge, he dispelled the darkness of ignorance.

High literary style using 'az miyān bordan'.

5

نوسانات برق ممکن است به مدار چراغ‌های حساس آسیب برساند.

Power fluctuations may damage the circuitry of sensitive lamps.

Technical term 'nosānāt-e bargh' and 'āsib rasāndan'.

6

چراغ‌های شهر همچون مرواریدهایی بر سینه شب می‌درخشیدند.

The city lights shone like pearls on the chest of the night.

Use of 'hamchon' (like/as) for poetic simile.

7

قدمت استفاده از چراغ‌های پیه‌سوز به قرن‌ها پیش بازمی‌گردد.

The history of using tallow lamps dates back centuries.

Historical term 'cherāgh-e piyeh-sooz' and 'bāz-migardad'.

8

او بدون توجه به چراغ‌های هشدار، به مسیر خود ادامه داد.

Regardless of the warning lights, he continued his path.

Prepositional phrase 'bedun-e tavajoh be'.

1

بررسی تطبیقی واژه چراغ در زبان‌های هندواروپایی نتایج جالبی دارد.

A comparative study of the word 'cherāgh' in Indo-European languages yields interesting results.

Academic vocabulary 'barrasi-ye tatbiqi'.

2

تجلی نور در قالب چراغ در فلسفه اشراق سهروردی جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارد.

The manifestation of light in the form of a lamp has a special place in Suhrawardi's Illuminationist philosophy.

Highly specialized philosophical terminology.

3

نور سرد چراغ‌های ال‌ئی‌دی فاقد آن گرمای نوستالژیک چراغ‌های قدیمی است.

The cold light of LED lamps lacks that nostalgic warmth of old lamps.

Complex descriptive structure using 'fāghed-e' (lacking).

4

او با رویکردی ساختارشکنانه، مفهوم چراغ را در هنر معاصر بازتعریف کرد.

With a deconstructive approach, he redefined the concept of the lamp in contemporary art.

Post-modern critical vocabulary.

5

سیاست‌گذاران باید برای بهینه‌سازی چراغ‌های معابر شهری برنامه‌ریزی کنند.

Policymakers must plan for the optimization of urban street lighting.

Administrative and technical register.

6

چراغ عمر او به خاموشی گرایید.

The lamp of his life turned toward extinction (he passed away).

Euphemistic and highly literary expression for death.

7

تداخل امواج الکترومغناطیسی بر عملکرد چراغ‌های هوشمند تأثیر می‌گذارد.

Electromagnetic wave interference affects the performance of smart lamps.

Advanced scientific Persian.

8

او در کتاب خود به تفصیل به سیر تحول چراغ در تمدن اسلامی پرداخته است.

In his book, he has dealt in detail with the evolution of the lamp in Islamic civilization.

Formal research register 'be tafsil pardākhteh ast'.

자주 쓰는 조합

چراغ راهنمایی
چراغ مطالعه
چراغ‌قوه
چراغ خواب
چراغ قرمز
چراغ سبز
کلید چراغ
چراغ جادو
چراغ جلو
چراغ دیواری

자주 쓰는 구문

چراغ را روشن کن

— Turn on the light. Use this when entering a dark room.

هوا تاریک شده، چراغ را روشن کن.

چراغ را خاموش کن

— Turn off the light. Use this when leaving a room or going to bed.

قبل از رفتن، چراغ را خاموش کن.

پشت چراغ ماندن

— To be stuck at a traffic light. Used when discussing traffic delays.

خیلی دیر کردم چون پشت چراغ ماندم.

چراغ زدن

— To flash headlights. Used by drivers to signal others.

آن ماشین به من چراغ زد.

چراغ خانه

— The light of the house. Often refers to a beloved child or spouse.

فرزند چراغ خانه است.

چراغ دادن

— To give a signal or to light the way.

او به ما چراغ داد تا راه را پیدا کنیم.

چراغ جادو

— Magic lamp. Refers to Aladdin's lamp or unexpected luck.

مگر چراغ جادو داری که همه کارها را سریع انجام می‌دهی؟

چراغ نفتی

— Oil lamp. Refers to traditional or old-fashioned lighting.

مادربزرگم هنوز یک چراغ نفتی قدیمی دارد.

چراغ ال‌ئی‌دی

— LED light. Common in modern energy-saving contexts.

ما تمام چراغ‌ها را به ال‌ئی‌دی تبدیل کردیم.

چراغ اضطراری

— Emergency light. Used for safety during power cuts.

چراغ اضطراری در راهرو نصب شده است.

관용어 및 표현

"چراغ سبز نشان دادن"

— To give permission or approval to proceed with something.

مدیر به طرح جدید چراغ سبز نشان داد.

Professional/General
"چرا"
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