موفقانه
موفقانه 30초 만에
- An adverb meaning 'successfully'.
- Used mainly in formal and written Persian.
- Formed by 'movaffagh' + '-āne'.
- Essential for B1+ level learners.
The word موفقانه (movaffaghāne) is a sophisticated Persian adverb that translates directly to 'successfully' or 'in a successful manner.' To understand this word deeply, one must look at its morphological construction. It is composed of the adjective movaffagh (successful), which has Arabic roots (W-F-Q), and the Persian suffix -āne. This suffix is a powerful linguistic tool in Persian, functioning much like the English '-ly'. It transforms adjectives into adverbs or nouns into adjectives of manner. When you use موفقانه, you are not just describing an outcome; you are describing the quality of the action that led to that outcome. It suggests a process that was executed with skill, precision, and ultimately reached its intended goal.
- Morphological Breakdown
- The root 'Muvaffaq' implies being granted success or being in accordance with a favorable outcome. The suffix '-āne' adds the sense of 'in the style of' or 'pertaining to.' Thus, doing something 'movaffaghāne' means doing it in the style of success.
- Register and Frequency
- While highly common in written Persian, literature, and formal news broadcasts, in everyday casual Tehrani conversation, speakers might opt for the prepositional phrase 'bā movaffaghiat' (with success). However, using موفقانه marks the speaker as articulate and educated.
دانشجویان آزمون نهایی را موفقانه پشت سر گذاشتند.
In professional contexts, this word is indispensable. Whether a surgeon is describing a procedure, a diplomat is reporting on a treaty, or a software engineer is documenting a system deployment, موفقانه provides a concise way to denote a positive conclusion. It carries a weight of formality that 'khub' (well) lacks. It is often paired with verbs like be pāyān rasāndan (to bring to an end) or posht-e sar gozāshtan (to leave behind/pass).
پروژه فضایی جدید موفقانه به فضا پرتاب شد.
- Historical Context
- The adoption of the suffix '-āne' for adverbs became particularly standardized in Classical Persian literature, allowing poets to maintain meter while expressing complex adverbial concepts. 'Movaffaghāne' emerged as a standard term in the modern bureaucratic and academic Persian of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Using موفقانه correctly requires placing it in positions where it modifies the verb's manner. In Persian, adverbs typically precede the verb, often appearing just before the final verb or the auxiliary. Because it is an 'adverb of manner,' it answers the question 'How was the action performed?'
- In Compound Verbs
- When using compound verbs like anjām dādan (to perform), موفقانه usually sits before the non-verbal part or between the two parts for emphasis. For example: Amaliat movaffaghāne anjām shod (The operation was successfully performed).
تیم ملی فوتبال بازی را موفقانه به پایان برد.
One of the most common structures involves the passive voice. In news reports, you will frequently hear about missions being 'successfully completed.' Here, موفقانه acts as the bridge between the subject and the conclusion. It is also used in formal letters to describe past achievements. For instance, 'I successfully completed my internship' would be man dore-ye kāramuzi-am rā movaffaghāne gozarāndam.
- Comparison with 'Bā Movaffaghiat'
- While 'bā movaffaghiat' is a prepositional phrase meaning 'with success,' 'movaffaghāne' is a pure adverb. Use 'movaffaghāne' for a more literary or journalistic tone. Use 'bā movaffaghiat' for a more direct, slightly less formal tone.
مذاکرات صلح موفقانه پیش میرود.
If you tune into Persian-speaking news channels like BBC Persian, Iran International, or VOA Persian, you will hear موفقانه almost daily. It is the 'anchor word' for reporting on government policies, scientific breakthroughs, and international relations. It conveys a sense of official validation. When a spokesperson announces that a satellite has reached orbit or a law has been passed, this is the adverb they reach for.
- Academic and Professional Settings
- In a university lecture or a business meeting, when a professor or manager summarizes the results of a study or a fiscal quarter, 'movaffaghāne' is used to provide a professional assessment. It sounds more objective than saying something was 'good.'
جراحی قلب بیمار موفقانه بود.
In the world of technology, Persian-localized software and apps often use this word in confirmation messages. When you successfully upload a file or change your password, the notification might read: Amaliat movaffaghāne anjām shod (Operation successfully completed). This has made the word very familiar even to younger generations who might use more slang in their speech.
- Literary Usage
- Modern novelists use this word to describe a character's internal triumphs or the resolution of a plot point. It carries a certain rhythmic beauty that fits well in descriptive prose.
The most frequent mistake learners make is confusing the adverb موفقانه (successfully) with the adjective movaffagh (successful). While they sound similar, their grammatical functions are distinct. You cannot say 'He is a movaffaghāne person'; you must say 'He is a movaffagh person.' Conversely, you don't 'finish a task movaffagh'; you 'finish it movaffaghāne.'
- Confusing -āne with -i
- Some learners try to use 'movaffaghi' as an adverb. In Persian, '-i' often creates nouns or adjectives (like 'shād' to 'shādi'). 'Movaffaghi' is not a standard word; 'movaffaghiat' is the noun (success). Ensure you use the '-āne' suffix for the adverbial 'how'.
Incorrect: او کار را موفق انجام داد.
Correct: او کار را موفقانه انجام داد.
Another error is 'over-formalization.' While موفقانه is a great word, using it in a very casual setting—like telling a friend you successfully bought groceries—might sound slightly 'stiff' or unintentionally funny. In those cases, 'khub' or 'be salāmati' might be more natural. However, for B1 learners and above, mastering this word is essential for academic writing.
- Spelling Errors
- Be careful not to confuse the 'vāv' (و) and 'fā' (ف) sounds. The word is 'Mo-vaf-fa-ghā-ne'. Some learners accidentally swap the 'qāf' (ق) for a 'ghayn' (غ) because they sound similar in many Iranian dialects, but in formal writing, 'qāf' is the correct letter.
Persian is rich in synonyms, and depending on the nuance you want to convey, there are several alternatives to موفقانه. Each has its own 'flavor' and register. Understanding these differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a textbook.
- پیروزمندانه (Piruzmandāne)
- This word is even more 'triumphant' than 'movaffaghāne.' It comes from 'piruzi' (victory). Use this for sports wins, military successes, or overcoming great odds. It implies a struggle that ended in victory.
- با موفقیت (Bā Movaffaghiat)
- The most common alternative. It is versatile and works in almost any context. If you are unsure which word to use, 'bā movaffaghiat' is always a safe bet. It literally means 'with success.'
- کامیابانه (Kāmyābāne)
- A very literary and somewhat archaic term. 'Kāmyāb' means 'one who has attained their desire.' You might find this in classical poetry or high-level philosophical texts. It sounds very poetic.
سربازان پیروزمندانه به شهر بازگشتند.
When choosing between these, consider the 'scale' of the success. 'Movaffaghāne' is professional and standard. 'Piruzmandāne' is epic and grand. 'Bā movaffaghiat' is practical and everyday. If you are writing a report for a boss, 'movaffaghāne' shows you have a high command of the language.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The suffix '-āne' is so versatile that it can be added to almost any noun to create an adverb. For example, 'mordāne' (manly/manfully) or 'dūstāne' (friendly).
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing 'gh' as a simple English 'g'. It should be more guttural.
- Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
- Vocalizing the silent 'h' if it were written (it is not here, but common in -ane words).
- Shortening the long 'ā' sound.
- Confusing the 'v' with a 'w' sound.
난이도
Easy to recognize once the root 'movaffagh' is known.
Requires correct placement and spelling of the 'ghā' sound.
The guttural 'gh' can be tricky for English speakers.
Clear pronunciation in formal media.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Adverbial Suffix -āne
Adds 'manner' to adjectives (e.g., māher -> māherāne).
Word Order
Adverbs usually precede the verb in Persian.
Compound Verbs
Adverbs often sit between the two parts of a compound verb for emphasis.
Passive Construction
Used with 'shodan' to indicate something was successfully done.
Formal vs Informal Register
Choosing 'movaffaghāne' over 'bā movaffaghiat' for formal tone.
수준별 예문
من موفق هستم.
I am successful.
Uses the adjective 'movaffagh'.
موفق باشی!
Good luck! (Be successful)
Common imperative phrase.
او یک شاگرد موفق است.
He is a successful student.
Adjective modifying a noun.
کار تمام شد.
The work is finished.
Simple past tense.
تیم ما برد.
Our team won.
Simple past of 'bordan'.
آزمون خوب بود.
The exam was good.
Simple past of 'budan'.
او موفق شد.
He succeeded.
Verb 'movaffagh shodan'.
من خوشحالم.
I am happy.
Simple adjective use.
پروژه موفقانه تمام شد.
The project ended successfully.
Adverb modifying 'tamām shod'.
او موفقانه از خیابان گذشت.
He successfully crossed the street.
Adverb modifying 'gozasht'.
آزمون را موفقانه دادم.
I took the exam successfully.
Adverbial use with 'dādan'.
غذا را موفقانه پختم.
I cooked the food successfully.
Using adverb for a domestic task.
او موفقانه به مقصد رسید.
He successfully reached the destination.
Adverb modifying 'resid'.
ما موفقانه بازی کردیم.
We played successfully.
Adverbial use with 'bāzi kardan'.
او موفقانه نامه را نوشت.
He successfully wrote the letter.
Adverb modifying 'nevesht'.
تیم موفقانه تمرین کرد.
The team practiced successfully.
Adverbial use with 'tamrin kardan'.
جراحی بیمار موفقانه انجام شد.
The patient's surgery was performed successfully.
Formal medical context.
دانشجویان موفقانه فارغالتحصیل شدند.
The students graduated successfully.
Academic context.
شرکت قرارداد را موفقانه امضا کرد.
The company successfully signed the contract.
Business context.
او موفقانه از پایاننامهاش دفاع کرد.
She successfully defended her thesis.
Specific academic terminology.
مذاکرات موفقانه به پایان رسید.
The negotiations ended successfully.
Political/Journalistic context.
برنامه موفقانه نصب شد.
The program was installed successfully.
Technical context.
او موفقانه بر مشکلات غلبه کرد.
He successfully overcame the problems.
Abstract usage.
سفر ما موفقانه بود.
Our trip was successful (went successfully).
Using adverbial form as a predicate.
طرح جدید اقتصادی موفقانه اجرا شد.
The new economic plan was successfully implemented.
Passive voice with 'ejrā shod'.
فضاپیما موفقانه در مدار قرار گرفت.
The spacecraft was successfully placed in orbit.
Scientific/News register.
او موفقانه نقش خود را ایفا کرد.
He successfully played his role.
Metaphorical or theatrical use.
تیم امداد موفقانه مفقودین را یافت.
The rescue team successfully found the missing persons.
Action-oriented formal context.
کنفرانس موفقانه برگزار گردید.
The conference was successfully held.
Use of 'gardidan' for formal passive.
او موفقانه چالشهای مدیریتی را حل کرد.
She successfully solved the management challenges.
Professional management context.
سیستم امنیتی موفقانه آزمایش شد.
The security system was successfully tested.
Technical/Safety context.
او موفقانه به قله اورست صعود کرد.
He successfully climbed to the summit of Everest.
High achievement context.
گذار به دموکراسی در آن کشور موفقانه طی شد.
The transition to democracy in that country was successfully traversed.
Political science terminology.
او موفقانه توانست بین دو فرهنگ تعادل برقرار کند.
He successfully managed to establish a balance between two cultures.
Complex abstract thought.
پروژه بازسازی آثار باستانی موفقانه به اتمام رسید.
The project to restore ancient artifacts was successfully completed.
Cultural/Academic register.
نویسنده موفقانه احساسات شخصیت را توصیف کرد.
The author successfully described the character's emotions.
Literary analysis.
سرمایهگذاری در بخش مسکن موفقانه پیشبینی شده بود.
The investment in the housing sector had been successfully predicted.
Financial/Predictive register.
او موفقانه از پس مسئولیتهای سنگین برآمد.
He successfully managed the heavy responsibilities.
Idiomatic 'az pas-e bar āmadan'.
تلاشهای دیپلماتیک موفقانه از بروز جنگ جلوگیری کرد.
Diplomatic efforts successfully prevented the outbreak of war.
Formal international relations.
فرآیند غنیسازی موفقانه به مرحله نهایی رسید.
The enrichment process successfully reached the final stage.
Technical/Industrial register.
استراتژی بازاریابی به نحوی موفقانه در بازارهای جهانی طنینانداز شد.
The marketing strategy resonated successfully in global markets.
Highly sophisticated vocabulary ('tanin-andāz').
او موفقانه پارادایمهای سنتی را به چالش کشید.
He successfully challenged traditional paradigms.
Academic/Philosophical register.
پژوهشهای اخیر موفقانه فرضیههای پیشین را ابطال کردند.
Recent research successfully invalidated previous hypotheses.
Scientific methodology terms.
کارزار انتخاباتی موفقانه افکار عمومی را هدایت کرد.
The election campaign successfully steered public opinion.
Political manipulation/strategy terms.
ترجمه موفقانه ظرایف متن اصلی را به زبان مقصد منتقل کرد.
The translation successfully conveyed the nuances of the original text to the target language.
Translation studies register.
او موفقانه در برابر فشارهای سیاسی ایستادگی کرد.
He successfully resisted political pressures.
Resilience and abstract action.
عملیات پیچیده اطلاعاتی موفقانه خنثی شد.
The complex intelligence operation was successfully neutralized.
Security/Espionage register.
ادغام دو شرکت بزرگ موفقانه و بدون تنش انجام پذیرفت.
The merger of the two large companies was carried out successfully and without tension.
Corporate legal register.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— Successfully and triumphantly (often paired).
او موفقانه و پیروزمندانه بازگشت.
자주 혼동되는 단어
This is the noun 'success', not the adverb.
This is the adjective 'successful', describing a person or thing.
This means 'agreeing/in favor', though it looks similar.
관용어 및 표현
— To return with full hands (successfully).
او از معامله با دست پر برگشت.
Informal— To plant a flower (to do something brilliantly/successfully).
در امتحان واقعاً گل کاشتی!
Informal— To open one's way (to succeed through obstacles).
او موفقانه راه خود را باز کرد.
Neutral— To climb the stairs of progress.
او موفقانه پلههای ترقی را طی کرد.
Formal— Not a ripple in the water (to succeed smoothly without trouble).
عملیات موفقانه و بدون اینکه آب از آب تکان بخورد انجام شد.
Informal— To pack one's load (to achieve financial success).
او با آن قرارداد موفقانه بار خود را بست.
Informal혼동하기 쉬운
Looks almost identical.
'Movāfeghāne' means 'agreeably' or 'in agreement', while 'Movaffaghāne' means 'successfully'.
او موافقانه سر تکان داد (He nodded agreeably).
Similar rhythm.
This is not a standard word, but 'motevaghef' means 'stopped'.
N/A
Same suffix.
Means 'fairly' or 'justly'.
داور منصفانه قضاوت کرد.
Same suffix.
Means 'skillfully'. While related to success, it focuses on the skill used.
او ماهرانه رانندگی کرد.
Same suffix.
Means 'respectfully'.
او محترمانه صحبت کرد.
문장 패턴
[Subject] [Object] rā movaffaghāne [Verb].
من کار را موفقانه تمام کردم.
[Task] movaffaghāne anjām shod.
پروژه موفقانه انجام شد.
[Subject] movaffaghāne az [Obstacle] gozasht.
او موفقانه از آزمون گذشت.
[Process] movaffaghāne be pāyān rasid.
مذاکرات موفقانه به پایان رسید.
[Subject] movaffaghāne be [Goal] dast yāft.
او موفقانه به هدف دست یافت.
با اجرای [Strategy]، کارها موفقانه پیش رفت.
با اجرای طرح، کارها موفقانه پیش رفت.
علیرغم مشکلات، [Subject] موفقانه عمل کرد.
علیرغم مشکلات، تیم موفقانه عمل کرد.
[Abstract Concept] به شکلی موفقانه تبیین شد.
نظریه به شکلی موفقانه تبیین شد.
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
High in written/formal Persian; Moderate in spoken Persian.
-
او یک مرد موفقانه است.
→
او یک مرد موفق است.
You used an adverb to describe a noun. You must use the adjective 'movaffagh'.
-
کار موفق انجام شد.
→
کار موفقانه انجام شد.
You used an adjective where an adverb of manner is needed.
-
موافقانه کارهایم را انجام دادم.
→
موفقانه کارهایم را انجام دادم.
You confused 'agreeably' (movāfeghāne) with 'successfully' (movaffaghāne).
-
من موفقانه هستم.
→
من موفق هستم.
You cannot 'be' an adverb. You 'are' successful (adjective).
-
او موفقانه را دید.
→
او موفقیت را دید.
You used an adverb as an object. You need the noun 'movaffaghiat' (success).
팁
Suffix Power
Learning the '-āne' suffix helps you unlock hundreds of Persian adverbs. If you know an adjective, you likely know the adverb.
Formal Writing
Always use 'movaffaghāne' in professional emails when reporting that a task is finished.
The Guttural GH
Practice the 'gh' sound by gargling water. It's the key to sounding native when saying 'movaffaghāne'.
Passive Voice
Pair 'movaffaghāne' with 'anjām shod' (was done) for a very natural-sounding formal sentence.
Business Persian
This is a 'power word' in business. It shows confidence in the results you are reporting.
News Listening
Watch the first 5 minutes of a Persian news broadcast; you are almost guaranteed to hear this word.
The 'Vaf' Sound
Think of 'Vaf' as in 'Vow'. You made a vow to succeed, and you did it 'movaffaghāne'.
Literary Flair
In creative writing, use 'movaffaghāne' to describe a character's internal victory over their fears.
Don't Overuse
In a 10-sentence speech, don't use it more than twice. Use synonyms like 'bā movaffaghiat' to keep it fresh.
Negative Form
Master 'namovaffaghāne' to describe failed attempts in a professional way.
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'Move-Off-Again'. To move off again after a task is done, you must have finished it 'movaffaghāne' (successfully).
시각적 연상
Visualize a green 'Success' checkmark appearing over a completed task, with the word 'MOV-AFFA-GHANE' written in glowing letters.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use 'movaffaghāne' in a sentence about your favorite hobby today.
어원
The word is a hybrid construction. 'Movaffagh' is the passive participle of the Arabic form II verb 'Waffaqa' (to grant success). The suffix '-āne' is purely Persian, derived from Middle Persian '-ānag'.
원래 의미: Being granted accord or success in a specific manner.
Indo-European (Persian) with Semitic (Arabic) root.문화적 맥락
No specific sensitivities; it is a very positive and safe word.
It is equivalent to the formal use of 'successfully' in a corporate or medical report.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Business
- قرارداد موفقانه
- مذاکرات موفقانه
- اجرای موفقانه
- گزارش موفقانه
Medicine
- جراحی موفقانه
- درمان موفقانه
- بهبودی موفقانه
- آزمایش موفقانه
Education
- دفاع موفقانه
- فارغالتحصیلی موفقانه
- پایاننامه موفقانه
- تحصیل موفقانه
Technology
- نصب موفقانه
- بروزرسانی موفقانه
- انتقال موفقانه
- ورود موفقانه
Sports
- صعود موفقانه
- حضور موفقانه
- پایان موفقانه
- رقابت موفقانه
대화 시작하기
"آیا تا به حال پروژهای را موفقانه به پایان رساندهاید؟"
"چگونه میتوان یک تیم را موفقانه مدیریت کرد؟"
"بهترین راه برای موفقانه گذراندن آزمون چیست؟"
"آیا این جراحی موفقانه بود؟"
"چطور میتوانیم مذاکرات را موفقانه پیش ببریم؟"
일기 주제
در مورد زمانی بنویسید که یک چالش بزرگ را موفقانه پشت سر گذاشتید.
یک روز موفقانه از نظر شما چگونه است؟ توصیف کنید.
چگونه یادگیری زبان فارسی را موفقانه ادامه میدهید؟
یک گزارش کوتاه در مورد یک موفقیت کاری بنویسید.
اگر یک فضاپیما را موفقانه به مریخ بفرستید، چه احساسی خواهید داشت؟
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문In Iran, people usually say 'bā movaffaghiat' in casual talk. 'Movaffaghāne' is more formal, but you will hear it in news and at work.
No, it's an adverb. To describe a person, use 'movaffagh'. For example, 'ū movaffagh ast'.
It's a mix of Arabic ('movaffagh') and Persian ('-āne'). This is very common in the Persian language.
Yes, in Dari (Afghanistan), 'movaffaghāne' is used more frequently in everyday speech than in Iran.
The direct opposite is 'namovaffaghāne', but people often say 'bedun-e movaffaghiat' (without success).
Yes, you can use it as a predicate adjective in some contexts, meaning 'The work was successful'.
No, 'khub' means 'well'. 'Movaffaghāne' specifically means you reached a goal or succeeded.
Usually 'movaffaghane' or 'mowaffaghane'.
Yes, it is a very common word in reading comprehension for B1 and B2 levels.
Yes, definitely. 'Tīm movaffaghāne bāzī rā tamām kard' is a perfect sentence.
셀프 테스트 102 질문
یک جمله با کلمه 'موفقانه' در مورد تحصیلات خود بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک گزارش کوتاه (دو جمله) در مورد یک پروژه کاری موفق بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
چگونه یک آزمون را موفقانه پشت سر میگذارید؟
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
تفاوت 'موفق' و 'موفقانه' را در دو جمله توضیح دهید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
یک جمله خبری در مورد پرتاب ماهواره بنویسید.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
کلمه 'موفقانه' را سه بار با صدای بلند تکرار کنید و ضبط کنید.
Read this aloud:
당신의 답변:
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یک جمله در مورد موفقیت ورزشی خود بگویید.
Read this aloud:
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
توضیح دهید که یک روز کاری موفقانه برای شما چیست.
Read this aloud:
당신의 답변:
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یک خبر کوتاه در مورد تکنولوژی با استفاده از این کلمه بگویید.
Read this aloud:
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
بگویید: 'The surgery was performed successfully.'
Read this aloud:
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
به فایل صوتی گوش دهید (فرضی) و بنویسید گوینده چه کلمهای را برای توصیف پایان کار به کار برد؟
در جمله 'او موفقانه از پل گذشت'، فعل چیست؟
آیا گوینده گفت 'موفق' یا 'موفقانه'؟
/ 102 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word 'موفقانه' (movaffaghāne) is the standard formal way to say 'successfully' in Persian. It is used to describe actions that reached their goal, such as 'The surgery was performed successfully' (Jarrāhi movaffaghāne anjām shod).
- An adverb meaning 'successfully'.
- Used mainly in formal and written Persian.
- Formed by 'movaffagh' + '-āne'.
- Essential for B1+ level learners.
Suffix Power
Learning the '-āne' suffix helps you unlock hundreds of Persian adverbs. If you know an adjective, you likely know the adverb.
Formal Writing
Always use 'movaffaghāne' in professional emails when reporting that a task is finished.
The Guttural GH
Practice the 'gh' sound by gargling water. It's the key to sounding native when saying 'movaffaghāne'.
Passive Voice
Pair 'movaffaghāne' with 'anjām shod' (was done) for a very natural-sounding formal sentence.
관련 콘텐츠
business 관련 단어
عادتأ
B2습관적으로; 관례상. 습관이나 관습에 따라 이루어지는 행동을 설명할 때 사용됩니다.
عامیانه
B2Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing; informal.
اعطا کردن
B2(권리, 권한 또는 명예를) 부여하다, 수여하다. 정부는 그에게 시민권을 부여했다.
اعتبار
A2신용, 유효성, 평판. 카드의 잔액, 문서의 유효 기간 또는 사회적 명성을 의미합니다.
اعتبار دادن
B1누군가나 무언가에 신용을 부여하거나 신뢰성을 주다.
اعتبار مالی
B1Financial standing or reputation; available funds.
اعتباراً
B2On credit; by means of credibility.
اعتباردهنده
B2'اعتباردهنده'는 채권자 또는 신용 제공자를 의미하며, 다른 당사자에게 돈을 빌려주거나 신용을 제공하는 기관입니다.
اعتبارنامه
B1신임장 또는 자격을 증명하는 공식 문서. 대사는 국가 원수에게 신임장을 제출했습니다.
اعتباری
B1신용과 관련된, 특히 금융 신용.