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B2 verb 11분 분량

مطرح کردن

matrah kardan
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 مطرح کردن 30초 만에
설명 مطرح کردن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) often. It is a big word for beginners. Instead, you use 'goftan' (to say). However, you might hear it in very simple classroom settings. Imagine a teacher saying, 'Raise your hand to talk.' In Persian, if you want to say 'I have a question,' you say 'Man so'al daram.' But 'matrah kardan' is like saying 'I want to put my question on the table.' It is a compound verb. 'Matrah' is the first part, and 'kardan' (to do) is the second part. Even at A1, knowing that 'kardan' verbs are common is helpful. You can think of it as 'making an idea present.' For now, just remember that it is a formal way to say you want to talk about something important. You won't use it to talk about food or the weather. You use it when you want to be serious in a conversation. It's like a 'level up' from 'goftan.'
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At the A2 level, you are starting to handle more social situations. 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) is a useful word when you are in a group of people and want to suggest something. For example, if you and your friends are deciding where to go for dinner, you might 'matrah' (propose) a new restaurant. It is a transitive verb, so you usually say 'In mozu ra matrah kardam' (I raised this topic). Notice the 'ra' after the thing you are raising. In A2, you should start noticing this word in simple news clips or formal letters. It shows you are moving beyond basic survival Persian into more structured communication. You can use it to say 'I raised a problem' (Man yek moshkel ra matrah kardam). It sounds much more professional than just saying 'I told a problem.' It shows you want the problem to be solved, not just heard. Practice using it with simple nouns like 'so'al' (question), 'moshkel' (problem), and 'pishnahad' (suggestion).
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) comfortably in semi-formal contexts. This is the stage where you participate in meetings or longer discussions. You use this verb to introduce your ideas clearly. For instance, 'Dar jaleseh, man nazaram ra matrah kardam' (In the meeting, I raised my opinion). You should also learn the passive form, 'matrah shodan' (to be raised). This is very common when you don't want to say who raised the idea, but just that the idea is now being discussed. 'In mas'ale dar ruznameh matrah shod' (This issue was raised in the newspaper). B1 learners should also distinguish between 'matrah kardan' and 'dar miyan gozashtan' (to share). 'Matrah kardan' is for the 'table' or the 'group,' while 'dar miyan gozashtan' is more personal. If you have a problem with your boss, you might 'matrah' it in a meeting, but you 'dar miyan gozashtan' it with a colleague first. This nuance is key for B1 proficiency.
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At the B2 level, 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) is an essential tool for sophisticated debate and professional writing. You should use it to 'pose' complex questions or 'put forward' hypotheses. At this level, you understand that 'matrah' also acts as an adjective meaning 'prominent.' You can describe a 'nevisandeye matrah' (a prominent writer) or a 'mas'aleye matrah' (a prominent/current issue). You should be able to use the verb in various tenses, including the subjunctive for expressing necessity: 'Bayad in mozu ra matrah konim' (We must raise this topic). You also use it to navigate social sensitivities—raising a topic ('matrah kardan') is a formal way to initiate a difficult conversation. In B2, you should also be aware of collocations like 'matrah kardan-e enteghad' (raising a criticism) or 'matrah kardan-e darkhast' (raising/submitting a request). This verb helps you sound like an educated adult who can structure their thoughts and present them for public scrutiny in a way that is culturally appropriate in Iran.
At the C1 level, you use 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) with precision in academic and high-level professional environments. You understand its etymological roots in the Arabic 'T-R-H' and how it relates to concepts of 'throwing' or 'projecting' an idea into a discourse. You use it to deconstruct arguments: 'Nokat-i ke dar in maghaleh matrah shodeh and...' (The points that have been raised in this article...). You can use it to describe the 'emergence' of social movements or intellectual shifts: 'In gofteman dar daheye haftad matrah shod' (This discourse was raised/emerged in the seventies). At C1, you also recognize the subtle difference between 'matrah kardan' and 'onvan kardan' (to state/title) or 'era'e dadan' (to present). You use 'matrah kardan' specifically when the emphasis is on the 'entry' of the idea into the field of consideration. You are also proficient in using it in complex grammatical structures, such as gerunds acting as subjects: 'Matrah kardan-e chenin mas'ale-i dar sharayet-e konuni maslahat nist' (Raising such an issue in the current circumstances is not advisable).
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At the C2 level, 'مطرح کردن' (matrah kardan) is used with full mastery of its stylistic and rhetorical potential. You use it to navigate the most complex intellectual terrains, such as philosophy, law, and high-level diplomacy. You understand how the word functions within the broader 'light verb' system of Persian and can manipulate it for emphasis or nuance. You might use it in literary analysis to discuss how a poet 'raises' certain existential themes. You are also aware of its usage in the 'adjectival' sense within very specific domains, such as 'shaxiyat-haye matrah' (prominent figures) in a way that implies not just fame, but intellectual weight and relevance. Your use of the verb is seamless, whether in the active, passive, or causative-like constructions. You can distinguish between 'matrah kardan' (the act of raising) and the state of something being 'dar-matrah' (under consideration/in the spotlight). At this level, the verb is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for sophisticated conceptual framing, allowing you to participate in the highest levels of Persian intellectual life.
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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

مطرح کردن 30초 만에

  • A formal verb used to raise or propose topics for discussion in professional and academic settings.
  • Commonly paired with nouns like 'suggestion', 'question', 'problem', and 'criticism' to signal serious intent.
  • Functions as a compound verb (matrah + kardan) and is frequently used in its passive form 'matrah shodan'.
  • Essential for navigating Iranian social and professional environments where formal introduction of ideas is valued.

The Persian compound verb مطرح کردن (matrah kardan) is a cornerstone of professional, academic, and intellectual discourse in modern Persian. At its core, it means 'to propose,' 'to raise,' or 'to bring up' a topic, issue, or suggestion for consideration. Unlike the simple verb 'goftan' (to say), which is generic, matrah kardan implies a level of intentionality and formal presentation. It is used when an individual wants to place an idea into the 'arena' of public or private discussion, ensuring it is noticed and debated by others.

Etymological Root
The word 'matrah' originates from the Arabic root 'T-R-H' (طرح), which literally means to throw, to cast, or to place something down. In Persian, when combined with 'kardan' (to do/make), it evolves into the act of 'throwing' an idea into a conversation or 'placing' a problem on the table for analysis.

مدیر عامل در جلسه دیروز، استراتژی جدید شرکت را مطرح کرد تا همه نظراتشان را بگویند.

Translation: The CEO raised the company's new strategy in yesterday's meeting so everyone could give their opinions.

In a sociological context, this verb is frequently heard in Iranian media and political talk shows. When a journalist says, 'این سوال در جامعه مطرح شده است' (This question has been raised in society), they are indicating that the topic has become a matter of public concern. It is the go-to verb for introducing debate. You will find it in academic papers when a researcher 'poses' a hypothesis, and in courtrooms when a lawyer 'brings forward' a piece of evidence or a specific legal point.

دانشجو سوالی را در مورد نظریه نسبیت مطرح کرد.

Professional Context
In business settings, 'matrah kardan' is essential for project management and brainstorming. It signals the transition from internal thought to collaborative evaluation.

Furthermore, the verb carries a weight of 'validity.' If an issue is 'matrah,' it means it is currently relevant and being actively considered. If it is 'not matrah' (مطرح نیست), it means the idea is off the table, irrelevant, or not currently under discussion. This distinction is vital for navigating Iranian bureaucracy or academic circles where certain topics might be deemed sensitive or out of scope.

نویسنده در کتاب خود، مفاهیم جدیدی از آزادی را مطرح کرده است.

آیا لازم است این موضوع را در حضور همه مطرح کنیم؟

Social Usage
When friends discuss a potential trip or a change in plans, one might say 'Bia in pishnahad ro matrah konim' (Let's bring up this suggestion) to the rest of the group.

In summary, 'matrah kardan' is about the movement of an idea from the private mind into the public or collective space. It is more than just talking; it is 'positioning' an idea for scrutiny, acceptance, or debate. Mastering this verb allows a Persian learner to engage in high-level discussions ranging from office politics to philosophical inquiries with precision and cultural appropriateness.

Using مطرح کردن (matrah kardan) correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive compound verb. It almost always takes a direct object, which is the idea, question, or problem being raised. In Persian grammar, this direct object is often followed by the post-positional marker 'ra' (را). For example, 'so'al-ra matrah kard' (He raised the question).

The Passive Form
To say an issue 'was raised,' you change 'kardan' to 'shodan.' For example: 'In mozu dar jaleseh matrah shod' (This topic was raised in the meeting). This is extremely common in news reporting where the agent (who raised it) might be unknown or unimportant.

او قصد داشت مشکلات مالی را در جلسه مطرح کند اما وقت تمام شد.

Translation: He intended to raise financial problems in the meeting, but time ran out.

In formal writing, 'matrah kardan' is often paired with specific nouns to create collocations. Common objects include: 'pishnahad' (suggestion), 'enteqad' (criticism), 'so'al' (question), 'nazar' (opinion), and 'mozu' (subject/topic). When using it with 'enteqad' (criticism), it sounds more professional than 'enteqad kardan' (to criticize), as it implies the criticism is being formally presented for a solution rather than just being complained about.

چرا این بحث را دوباره مطرح می‌کنی؟

Complex Sentence Structures
You can use 'matrah kardan' in subordinate clauses. 'Ghabl az inke mozu ra matrah koni...' (Before you raise the topic...). This is useful for setting conditions or sequencing events in a narrative.

In the imperative (command) form, it is 'matrah kon' (raise it!) or more formally 'matrah konid.' This is often used by chairpersons in meetings: 'Lotfan nazarat-etan ra matrah konid' (Please put forward your opinions). This usage emphasizes the structured environment of the conversation.

باید راهکارهای عملی را برای حل این بحران مطرح کنیم.

اگر این ایده را مطرح نمی‌کردی، شاید هرگز متوجه نمی‌شدیم.

Infinitive Use
The infinitive 'matrah kardan' can act as a noun (gerund). 'Matrah kardan-e in mas'ale khatarnak ast' (Raising this issue is dangerous).

Finally, consider the register. While 'matrah kardan' is suitable for formal and semi-formal contexts, in very informal slang, people might just say 'ro kardan' (to reveal/bring out) or 'goftan.' However, 'matrah kardan' remains the gold standard for clear, articulate communication in Persian-speaking professional environments.

If you tune into an Iranian news channel like IRINN or listen to a podcast about social issues, مطرح کردن (matrah kardan) will appear within minutes. It is the language of the 'public square.' In Iranian society, where public discourse is often carefully navigated, this verb serves as a bridge between private thought and public debate.

News and Media
News anchors use it to introduce headlines: 'Emruz dar majles, tarh-e jadidi matrah shod' (Today in Parliament, a new bill was raised). It provides a sense of formality and objectivity to the report.

مجری برنامه از مهمان خواست تا دیدگاه‌های خود را مطرح کند.

Translation: The program host asked the guest to raise/put forward their views.

In universities, professors use it when introducing historical or scientific theories. 'In nazariye baraye avvalin bar dar sale 1920 matrah shod' (This theory was first proposed in 1920). It is essential for academic Persian, where 'khalq kardan' (to create) might be too strong, and 'goftan' (to say) is too weak. 'Matrah kardan' perfectly captures the act of presenting an idea for the scientific community to test.

در کنفرانس علمی، فرضیه‌های متعددی مطرح گردید.

Legal and Formal Settings
In a courtroom, a lawyer might say 'Eteraz-e khod ra matrah mikonam' (I raise my objection). It is the standard way to officially enter a statement into the record.

Even in literature and cinema, characters use this verb when they are about to say something serious. If a character says 'Mixaham mozu-ye mohemmi ra ba shoma matrah konam' (I want to raise an important matter with you), the audience knows that the next few lines of dialogue are crucial to the plot. It creates a 'beat' of anticipation, signaling that what follows is not just small talk.

او همیشه بهترین ایده‌ها را در بدترین زمان ممکن مطرح می‌کند.

مسائل محیط زیستی باید به طور جدی در سطح جهانی مطرح شوند.

Daily Professional Life
In an office, you'll hear: 'In pishnahad-e xubist, hatman dar jaleseh matrah-ash kon' (This is a good suggestion, definitely raise it in the meeting).

In essence, 'matrah kardan' is the sound of ideas entering the world. Whether it's a revolutionary political thought or a simple office suggestion, this verb is the vehicle that carries it from one person to the many.

While مطرح کردن (matrah kardan) is a versatile verb, learners often trip over its nuances. One common mistake is using it for simple speech where 'goftan' (to say) is more appropriate. You don't 'matrah kardan' that you are hungry or that the weather is nice; you use it for topics that require consideration or debate.

Confusion with 'Pishnahad dadan'
Many learners confuse 'matrah kardan' with 'pishnahad dadan' (to suggest). While you can 'matrah kardan' a suggestion, the verbs are not identical. 'Pishnahad dadan' focuses on the act of recommending a course of action. 'Matrah kardan' focuses on the act of bringing the topic into the discussion. You can 'matrah kardan' a problem without 'pishnahad dadan' a solution.

Incorrect: من گرسنگی‌ام را مطرح کردم.
Correct: من گفتم که گرسنه هستم.

Explanation: You don't 'propose' hunger; you simply state it.

Another error is forgetting the 'ra' (را) marker. Since 'matrah kardan' is transitive, if the object is definite, 'ra' is mandatory. Saying 'Man so'al matrah kardam' sounds like you raised 'a' generic question (perhaps in a test), whereas 'Man so'al-ra matrah kardam' means you raised 'the' specific question being discussed.

Incorrect: او یک نقشه ساختمان مطرح کرد.
Correct: او یک نقشه ساختمان طراحی کرد (یا طرح کرد).

Passive Voice Misuse
Learners sometimes say 'matrah kardeh shod' instead of 'matrah shod.' While grammatically possible in very formal literary Persian, 'matrah shod' is the standard and more natural way to express the passive in modern speech and writing.

Finally, be careful with the word 'matrah' itself. It can also be an adjective meaning 'famous' or 'prominent.' For example, 'Yek nevisandeye matrah' (A prominent writer). Beginners often get confused when they see 'matrah' used without 'kardan,' thinking it must be part of a verb phrase. Context is key: if it's describing a person or an organization, it means 'well-known.'

او یکی از چهره‌های مطرح در دنیای هنر است.

Note: Here 'matrah' is an adjective, not part of the verb 'matrah kardan.'

Repetitive: او سوال را مطرح کرد، سپس پیشنهاد را مطرح کرد و بعد انتقاد را مطرح کرد.
Better: او سوال را مطرح کرد، پیشنهادی داد و سپس به انتقاد پرداخت.

By avoiding these pitfalls, you will use 'matrah kardan' with the precision of a native speaker, ensuring your ideas are not just heard, but correctly 'positioned' in the listener's mind.

Persian is rich in synonyms for expressing ideas. While مطرح کردن (matrah kardan) is perfect for 'raising' an issue, other verbs might be more suitable depending on the level of formality or the specific action being taken.

در میان گذاشتن (Dar miyan gozashtan)
Meaning 'to share' or 'to bring up with someone.' This is more intimate or collaborative than 'matrah kardan.' You 'matrah kardan' in a meeting, but you 'dar miyan gozashtan' a secret or a personal problem with a close friend or a trusted colleague.

من این موضوع را با پدرم در میان گذاشتم.

Translation: I shared/discussed this matter with my father.

Another alternative is عنوان کردن (Onvan kardan). This literally means 'to title' or 'to state.' It is very similar to 'matrah kardan' but focuses more on the act of mentioning or stating something officially. It's often used when you are quoting what someone said or stating a specific point in a list.

پیشنهاد دادن (Pishnahad dadan)
Meaning 'to suggest.' This is more specific than 'matrah kardan.' Use this when you are providing a solution or a specific path forward, rather than just raising a topic for discussion.

او عنوان کرد که پروژه با تاخیر مواجه شده است.

For academic or very formal contexts, ارائه دادن (Era'e dadan) is common. It means 'to present' or 'to provide.' While 'matrah kardan' is about raising an idea, 'era'e dadan' is often about presenting the full data, a report, or a finished product.

بیان کردن (Bayan kardan)
Meaning 'to express' or 'to state.' This focuses on the verbal delivery and the eloquence of the statement. It is often used in literature or when discussing how someone expressed their feelings.

او توانست احساساتش را به خوبی بیان کند.

Lastly, consider پیش کشیدن (Pish keshidan). This is a bit more idiomatic and literally means 'to pull forward.' It is often used when someone brings up a topic that others might want to avoid, or when an old issue is brought back into the light. 'Baz ham in bahs ra pish keshidi?' (Did you pull/bring up this argument again?). It can carry a slight tone of annoyance depending on the context.

نباید مسائل گذشته را دوباره پیش بکشی.

By understanding these alternatives, you can choose the exact 'flavor' of communication you need, making your Persian sound more nuanced and sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In Arabic, 'matrah' can also mean a 'mattress' (something thrown down to sleep on), which is the source of the English word 'mattress' via Old French and Italian!

발음 가이드

UK /mæt.rɒːh kær.dæn/
US /mæt.rɑːh kær.dæn/
The primary stress in the compound verb falls on the second syllable of the non-verbal element: mat-RAH kardan.
라임이 맞는 단어
همراه (Hamrah) گاه (Gah) ماه (Mah) شاه (Shah) راه (Rah) چاه (Chah) آه (Ah) پناه (Panah)
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'matrah' as 'mat-re' (dropping the 'h').
  • Stress on the first syllable 'MAT-rah'.
  • Treating 'matrah' and 'kardan' as one word without a slight pause.
  • Mispronouncing the 'kh' sound if confused with other words (it is a soft 'h' here).
  • Over-emphasizing the 'r' in 'kardan' like an American 'r' instead of a tapped Persian 'r'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts once the root is known.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct placement of 'ra' and conjugation of 'kardan'.

말하기 4/5

Needs practice to sound natural in the right context.

듣기 3/5

Very common in news and formal speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

کردن گفتن سوال پیشنهاد موضوع

다음에 배울 것

عنوان کردن بیان کردن ارائه دادن بررسی کردن تحلیل کردن

고급

تبیین کردن مستدل کردن به چالش کشیدن اقامه دعوی کردن

알아야 할 문법

Compound Verb Conjugation

مطرح می‌کنم، مطرح کردم، مطرح خواهم کرد.

Direct Object Marker 'ra'

این پیشنهاد را مطرح کرد.

Passive Construction with 'shodan'

موضوع مطرح شد.

Subjunctive Mood after 'bayad'

باید این سوال را مطرح کنیم.

Infinitive as Noun

مطرح کردنِ این بحث مفید است.

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수준별 예문

1

من یک سوال مطرح کردم.

I raised a question.

Simple past tense of a compound verb.

2

او پیشنهاد خود را مطرح کرد.

He raised his suggestion.

Direct object with 'ra'.

3

لطفاً نظرت را مطرح کن.

Please raise your opinion.

Imperative form.

4

ما موضوع را مطرح می‌کنیم.

We are raising the topic.

Present tense.

5

آن‌ها مشکل را مطرح کردند.

They raised the problem.

Third person plural past.

6

آیا می‌خواهی سوالی مطرح کنی؟

Do you want to raise a question?

Subjunctive after 'mikhahi'.

7

او هیچ حرفی مطرح نکرد.

He didn't raise any words (didn't say anything).

Negative past tense.

8

این موضوع مهمی است که مطرح کردی.

This is an important topic that you raised.

Relative clause.

1

در کلاس، من یک ایده جدید مطرح کردم.

In class, I raised a new idea.

Use of 'dar' for location.

2

او می‌خواهد مشکلاتش را در اداره مطرح کند.

He wants to raise his problems in the office.

Future intent with 'mikhahed'.

3

ما باید این بحث را در جلسه مطرح کنیم.

We must raise this discussion in the meeting.

Modal 'bayad' + subjunctive.

4

چرا این سوال را دیروز مطرح نکردی؟

Why didn't you raise this question yesterday?

Interrogative negative past.

5

او همیشه نظرات جالبی مطرح می‌کند.

He always raises interesting opinions.

Adverb 'hamishe' with present tense.

6

آن‌ها موضوع سفر را مطرح کردند.

They raised the topic of the trip.

Compound noun object.

7

او سعی کرد پیشنهادش را مطرح کند.

He tried to raise his suggestion.

Verb 'sa'y kardan' + subjunctive.

8

این سوال قبلاً مطرح شده بود.

This question had been raised before.

Past perfect passive.

1

مدیر در جلسه، استراتژی سال آینده را مطرح کرد.

The manager raised next year's strategy in the meeting.

Professional context usage.

2

اگر مشکلی دارید، باید آن را با ما مطرح کنید.

If you have a problem, you must raise it with us.

Conditional 'agar' sentence.

3

او انتقادهای خود را به صورت کتبی مطرح کرد.

He raised his criticisms in writing.

Adverbial phrase 'be surate katbi'.

4

موضوعات مختلفی در این کنفرانس مطرح خواهد شد.

Various topics will be raised in this conference.

Future passive tense.

5

او بدون ترس، عقاید سیاسی خود را مطرح کرد.

He raised his political beliefs without fear.

Prepositional phrase 'bedune tars'.

6

بسیاری از مردم این پرسش را مطرح می‌کنند که چرا قیمت‌ها بالا رفته است.

Many people raise the question of why prices have gone up.

Complex object clause.

7

او ترجیح داد فعلاً این بحث را مطرح نکند.

He preferred not to raise this discussion for now.

Infinitive as object of 'tarjih dad'.

8

نکته‌ای که مطرح کردی، بسیار کلیدی بود.

The point you raised was very key.

Relative pronoun 'ke'.

1

نویسنده در فصل اول، فرضیه اصلی خود را مطرح می‌کند.

The author raises/poses their main hypothesis in the first chapter.

Academic usage.

2

این مسئله باید در سطح کلان مطرح شود تا به نتیجه برسد.

This issue must be raised at a macro level to reach a result.

Passive subjunctive.

3

او با مهارت خاصی، موضوع حقوق کارگران را مطرح کرد.

With specific skill, he raised the issue of workers' rights.

Adverbial of manner.

4

چالش‌های جدیدی در حوزه تکنولوژی مطرح شده است.

New challenges have been raised in the field of technology.

Present perfect passive.

5

او در مصاحبه، ابهامات موجود را مطرح کرد.

In the interview, he raised the existing ambiguities.

Plural noun 'abehamat'.

6

مطرح کردن این موضوع در این زمان، اشتباه بزرگی بود.

Raising this topic at this time was a big mistake.

Gerund as subject.

7

او پیشنهاد داد که طرح‌های جدیدی در شورا مطرح گردد.

He suggested that new plans be raised in the council.

Formal passive 'gardad'.

8

آیا این موضوع در دستور کار جلسه مطرح شده است؟

Has this topic been raised in the meeting agenda?

Interrogative present perfect passive.

1

فیلسوف در رساله خود، پارادوکس‌های عمیقی را مطرح کرده است.

The philosopher has raised deep paradoxes in his treatise.

High-level vocabulary 'resaleh', 'paradox'.

2

این نظریه از سوی منتقدان متعددی مطرح و بررسی شده است.

This theory has been raised and examined by numerous critics.

Compound passive construction.

3

او با ظرافت تمام، انتقادات ساختاری خود را مطرح نمود.

With complete subtlety, he raised his structural criticisms.

Formal verb 'namud' instead of 'kard'.

4

مسائل اخلاقی که در این فیلم مطرح می‌شوند، بسیار تکان‌دهنده هستند.

The ethical issues raised in this film are very shocking.

Passive relative clause.

5

او درصدد بود تا راهکارهای جایگزین را در مجمع عمومی مطرح سازد.

He was intending to raise alternative solutions in the General Assembly.

Formal causative-style 'matrah sazad'.

6

ابهاماتی که او مطرح کرد، کل پروژه را زیر سوال برد.

The ambiguities he raised called the entire project into question.

Causal relationship sentence.

7

ضرورت اصلاحات اقتصادی بارها در رسانه‌ها مطرح گردیده است.

The necessity of economic reforms has been raised many times in the media.

Formal 'gardideh ast'.

8

او توانست با مطرح کردن سوالات درست، مسیر گفتگو را تغییر دهد.

He was able to change the course of the conversation by raising the right questions.

Prepositional gerund phrase.

1

در این جستار، نویسنده به بازخوانی مفاهیمی می‌پردازد که قرن‌ها پیش مطرح شده بودند.

In this essay, the author re-reads concepts that were raised centuries ago.

Complex literary structure.

2

تبعات حقوقی این اقدام باید به دقت در مراجع ذی‌صلاح مطرح و واکاوی شود.

The legal consequences of this action must be carefully raised and scrutinized in the competent authorities.

Legal terminology 'maraje-e zi-salah'.

3

او با مطرح ساختن یک پارادایم نوین، بنیان‌های علم کلاسیک را به چالش کشید.

By raising a new paradigm, he challenged the foundations of classical science.

Abstract intellectual usage.

4

این پرسش بنیادین که 'عدالت چیست؟' همواره در اندیشه‌ی سیاسی مطرح بوده است.

The fundamental question 'What is justice?' has always been raised in political thought.

Philosophical quote integration.

5

وی با درایت، موضوعات حساسیت‌برانگیز را در لفافه مطرح کرد.

With prudence, he raised sensitive topics in a veiled manner.

Idiomatic 'dar lafafeh'.

6

چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی کنونی، لزوم مطرح کردن رویکردهای پایدار را دوچندان کرده است.

Current environmental challenges have doubled the necessity of raising sustainable approaches.

Complex subject-object relationship.

7

او در نطق خود، مطالبات برحق مردم را با شجاعت مطرح نمود.

In his speech, he raised the rightful demands of the people with courage.

Political rhetoric.

8

هرگونه شبهه‌ای که در این زمینه مطرح گردد، بلافاصله پاسخ داده خواهد شد.

Any doubt raised in this regard will be answered immediately.

Indefinite pronoun 'harguneh' with subjunctive passive.

자주 쓰는 조합

سوال مطرح کردن
پیشنهاد مطرح کردن
موضوع مطرح کردن
انتقاد مطرح کردن
فرضیه مطرح کردن
مشکل مطرح کردن
بحث مطرح کردن
نکته مطرح کردن
درخواست مطرح کردن
ابهام مطرح کردن

자주 쓰는 구문

موضوع مطرح شده

— The topic that has been raised/discussed.

موضوع مطرح شده بسیار حساس است.

در جلسه مطرح شد

— It was raised in the meeting.

این نکته دیروز در جلسه مطرح شد.

قصد دارم مطرح کنم

— I intend to raise/bring up.

قصد دارم این پیشنهاد را فردا مطرح کنم.

فرصت مطرح کردن

— The opportunity to raise/propose.

او فرصت مطرح کردن نظرش را پیدا نکرد.

به صورت رسمی مطرح کردن

— To raise something officially.

او شکایتش را به صورت رسمی مطرح کرد.

دوباره مطرح کردن

— To raise again/reintroduce.

او دوباره بحث قدیمی را مطرح کرد.

در سطح جهانی مطرح کردن

— To raise/promote on a global level.

آن‌ها می‌خواهند هنر ایران را در سطح جهانی مطرح کنند.

مسائل مطرح

— Current/prominent issues.

او در مورد مسائل مطرح روز صحبت کرد.

نیاز به مطرح کردن نیست

— There is no need to raise/mention it.

این موضوع ساده است و نیاز به مطرح کردن ندارد.

قبل از مطرح کردن

— Before raising/proposing.

قبل از مطرح کردن ایده، خوب فکر کن.

자주 혼동되는 단어

مطرح کردن vs طرح کردن

Means 'to design' or 'to draft' (like a building or a plan), whereas 'matrah kardan' is to raise it for discussion.

مطرح کردن vs مطرح بودن

Means 'to be prominent' or 'to be under discussion' (a state), while 'matrah kardan' is the action.

مطرح کردن vs ترجمه کردن

Sounds slightly similar to beginners but means 'to translate'.

관용어 및 표현

"بحث را پیش کشیدن"

— To bring up a topic, often one that was forgotten or is controversial.

چرا دوباره بحث پارسال را پیش کشیدی؟

Informal
"روی دایره ریختن"

— To reveal everything or bring all issues to light (more informal and blunt).

او همه مشکلات را روی دایره ریخت.

Slang
"سفره دل را باز کردن"

— To raise personal grievances or share one's heart's troubles.

او سفره دلش را برای من باز کرد.

Literary/Emotional
"تو بوق و کرنا کردن"

— To raise an issue loudly or publicize it excessively.

لازم نبود این موضوع کوچک را تو بوق و کرنا کنی.

Informal/Critical
"زیر سوال بردن"

— To raise doubts about something; to call into question.

او اعتبار شرکت را زیر سوال برد.

Neutral/Formal
"پرچم کردن"

— To raise something as a banner or a main point of focus (sometimes sarcastically).

او این اشتباه کوچک را پرچم کرده است.

Slang
"آفتابی کردن"

— To bring something out into the open/sunlight (to reveal).

بالاخره نقشه واقعی‌اش را آفتابی کرد.

Informal
"باب گفتگو را باز کردن"

— To raise a topic to start a conversation/negotiation.

او با این سوال، باب گفتگو را باز کرد.

Formal
"مته به خشخاش گذاشتن"

— To raise very tiny, insignificant points or be overly critical.

اینقدر مته به خشخاش نگذار و موضوع را مطرح کن.

Idiomatic
"آب در هاون کوبیدن"

— To raise an issue that is useless to discuss (beating water in a mortar).

مطرح کردن این بحث در اینجا، آب در هاون کوبیدن است.

Proverbial

혼동하기 쉬운

مطرح کردن vs طراحی

Same root (T-R-H).

Tahrahi is visual/structural design; Matrah kardan is verbal/conceptual proposal.

او لباس طراحی می‌کند اما ایده‌اش را مطرح نمی‌کند.

مطرح کردن vs مطرح (Adjective)

Identical spelling.

As an adjective it means 'famous/prominent'; as part of a verb it means 'raised'.

یک بازیگر مطرح این سوال را مطرح کرد.

مطرح کردن vs طرح (Noun)

Same root.

Tarh is the 'plan' itself; Matrah kardan is the act of 'raising' that plan.

او طرح را در جلسه مطرح کرد.

مطرح کردن vs مطرود

Similar Arabic root sounds.

Matrud means 'rejected' or 'outcast', almost the opposite of being 'matrah' (considered).

او یک تفکر مطرود را دوباره مطرح کرد.

مطرح کردن vs ارائه

Similar context of 'presenting'.

Era'e is often a one-way presentation (like a slideshow); Matrah kardan is for starting a dialogue.

او گزارش را ارائه داد و سپس سوالات را مطرح کرد.

문장 패턴

A1

من [Noun] مطرح کردم.

من سوال مطرح کردم.

A2

او می‌خواهد [Noun] را مطرح کند.

او می‌خواهد پیشنهاد را مطرح کند.

B1

در [Place]، [Noun] مطرح شد.

در جلسه، موضوع مطرح شد.

B2

باید [Noun] را با [Person] مطرح کنیم.

باید مشکل را با مدیر مطرح کنیم.

C1

با مطرح کردن [Noun]، [Result].

با مطرح کردن این بحث، همه تعجب کردند.

C1

[Noun] از سوی [Person] مطرح گردید.

این طرح از سوی دولت مطرح گردید.

C2

لزوم مطرح کردن [Abstract Noun] بیش از پیش احساس می‌شود.

لزوم مطرح کردن رویکردهای نوین بیش از پیش احساس می‌شود.

C2

آنچه مطرح شد، صرفاً یک فرضیه بود.

آنچه مطرح شد، صرفاً یک فرضیه بود.

어휘 가족

명사

طرح Plan, design, scheme
طراح Designer
طراحی Designing, drawing

동사

طرح کردن To design, to draft (often confused but different)
مطرح شدن To be raised, to be proposed (passive)

형용사

مطرح Prominent, famous, under discussion

관련

پیشنهاد
موضوع
مسئله
گفتمان
بحث
무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

frequency

Very common in media, business, and education.

자주 하는 실수
  • Using it for casual speech. → Using 'goftan' (to say).

    You don't 'matrah kardan' that you like pizza.

  • Omitting 'ra' with a specific object. → Mozu 'ra' matrah kard.

    Transitive verbs need the object marker for definite nouns.

  • Confusing 'matrah' with 'matrud'. → Matrah (raised) vs Matrud (rejected).

    They sound similar but have opposite social implications.

  • Using 'matrah kardeh shod' for passive. → Matrah shod.

    The simple passive is more natural in modern Persian.

  • Using it to mean 'to design'. → Tarrahi kardan.

    Matrah kardan is for ideas/topics, not for drawing or engineering.

팁

In the Office

Use 'matrah kardan' when you want your boss to take your idea seriously. It sounds professional and prepared.

Passive Voice

If you want to be diplomatic and not blame anyone, use 'matrah shod' (it was raised) instead of 'u matrah kard' (he raised).

Variety

Don't repeat 'matrah kardan' too much. Switch to 'عنوان کردن' or 'بیان کردن' in long reports.

Adjective Use

Remember that 'yek nevisandeye matrah' means a famous/prominent writer. This is a very common high-level use.

Politeness

Starting a sentence with 'می‌خواستم موضوعی را مطرح کنم' is a great way to interrupt a meeting politely.

News Context

When you hear 'matrah' on the news, pay attention to the word before it; that is the main news topic.

Formal Letters

Always use this verb when submitting a formal request or suggestion in writing.

Root Connection

Associate 'matrah' with 'theatre' (though not etymologically related) – you are putting your idea on a stage.

Matrah vs Tarh

Matrah kardan = talk about it. Tarh kardan = draw/design it. Don't mix them up!

Subjunctive

Master 'matrah konam' (that I raise) for sentences starting with 'I want to...' or 'I must...'

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Mat' and a 'Rah' (Road). You are placing your idea on a 'Mat' in the middle of the 'Road' so everyone walking by has to see it and talk about it.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person standing in a boardroom 'throwing' a large, glowing lightbulb (an idea) onto the center of the table. That 'throwing onto the table' is 'matrah kardan'.

Word Web

Idea Table Meeting Proposal Question Public Debate Voice

챌린지

Try to use 'matrah kardan' in a sentence today to describe a suggestion you made at work or school, even if you say the rest in English.

어원

Borrowed from Arabic 'maṭraḥ' (مطرح), which is a noun of place from the root 'ṭ-r-ḥ' (طرح) meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

원래 의미: A place where something is thrown or placed; a location.

Semitic (Arabic) root integrated into Indo-European (Persian) verbal system.

문화적 맥락

Be careful not to 'matrah kardan' highly sensitive political or religious topics in very public or unknown settings in Iran, as the verb implies you want to start a public debate.

It is equivalent to 'bringing something to the table' or 'raising a point' in Western corporate culture.

Frequently used in the 'Majles' (Iranian Parliament) proceedings. Common in the titles of Iranian talk shows like 'Miz-e Gerd' (Round Table). Often found in the works of modern Iranian sociologists like Jalal Al-e-Ahmad.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Business Meeting

  • دستور جلسه
  • نظرات اعضا
  • تصمیم‌گیری
  • گزارش عملکرد

Academic Lecture

  • نظریه علمی
  • شواهد
  • پرسش و پاسخ
  • تحقیق

Social Debate

  • افکار عمومی
  • رسانه‌ها
  • حقوق شهروندی
  • عدالت

Legal Setting

  • دادگاه
  • وکیل
  • اعتراض
  • پرونده

Family Discussion

  • آینده
  • تصمیم خانوادگی
  • مشورت
  • برنامه سفر

대화 시작하기

"می‌خواستم موضوع مهمی را در مورد پروژه مطرح کنم."

"آیا تا به حال این سوال برای شما مطرح شده که چرا...؟"

"به نظر شما بهترین زمان برای مطرح کردن این پیشنهاد کی است؟"

"او در جلسه امروز چه مسائلی را مطرح کرد؟"

"می‌توانم یک نکته کوچک را در اینجا مطرح کنم؟"

일기 주제

امروز چه ایده‌ای را در محیط کار یا تحصیل مطرح کردید و واکنش دیگران چه بود؟

یک موضوع اجتماعی را که فکر می‌کنید باید در رسانه‌ها مطرح شود، توصیف کنید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک سوال از یک شخصیت تاریخی بپرسید، چه سوالی را مطرح می‌کردید؟

درباره زمانی بنویسید که مطرح کردن یک مشکل باعث حل شدن آن شد.

چرا برخی افراد از مطرح کردن نظرات خود در جمع می‌ترسند؟

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, it's usually too formal for small talk. Use 'goftan' or 'harf zadan' for casual topics like the weather or food.

'Pishnahad dadan' is specifically 'to suggest' a solution. 'Matrah kardan' is 'to raise' a topic, which could be a problem, a question, or a suggestion.

Use the passive form: 'Matrah shod' (مطرح شد).

The root is Arabic, but 'matrah kardan' is a Persian compound verb used extensively in modern Persian.

Usually no. You raise issues or ideas. However, you can say someone is a 'matrah' (prominent) person using it as an adjective.

There isn't one exact word, but 'maskut gozashtan' (to keep silent about something) is often used as an opposite.

Yes, modern Persian poetry and prose use it to discuss existential or social themes.

Yes, 'shekayat matrah kardan' (to raise/file a complaint) is very common and formal.

If the object is a specific, definite noun, yes. 'Mozu ra matrah kard' (He raised the topic).

It's common in work, school, and serious family discussions, but less so in very informal hangouts.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기

셀프 테스트 101 질문

writing

Write a sentence in Persian using 'مطرح کردن' and 'سوال'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Translate to Persian: 'He raised the problem in the meeting.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking

Pronounce: 'مطرح کردن'

Read this aloud:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening

What verb is used in the phrase 'Mozu matrah shod'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing

Write a formal request using 'مطرح کردن'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

/ 101 correct

Perfect score!

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