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A2 verb #2,500 가장 일반적인 18분 분량

खरीदारी करना

To buy goods or services.

kharidari karna
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate basic survival Hindi. The phrase 'खरीदारी करना' is introduced as a fixed chunk of vocabulary related to daily routines and basic needs. Learners at this stage might not fully grasp the complex grammar of conjunct verbs or the ergative 'ने' (ne) case used in the past tense. Instead, they learn to use this phrase in simple, present-tense sentences to express immediate intentions or habits. For example, they will learn to say 'मैं खरीदारी करता हूँ' (I shop - male) or 'मैं खरीदारी करने जा रहा हूँ' (I am going shopping). The focus is on practical communication—being able to tell a host family, a friend, or a taxi driver where they are going or what they are doing. Vocabulary introduced alongside this phrase includes basic nouns for places like 'बाज़ार' (market) and 'दुकान' (shop), as well as essential items they might need to buy, such as 'खाना' (food), 'पानी' (water), and 'कपड़े' (clothes). Teachers at this level will often drill the phrase as a single unit, avoiding deep grammatical explanations to prevent overwhelming the student. The goal is simple recognition and basic functional usage. If an A1 learner can successfully communicate 'मुझे खरीदारी करनी है' (I need to shop) to indicate a need to visit a market, the learning objective for this phrase at this level has been met. They will also learn to recognize the phrase when spoken to them, such as a shopkeeper asking 'क्या आप खरीदारी कर रहे हैं?' (Are you shopping?).
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As learners progress to the A2 level, their understanding of 'खरीदारी करना' deepens significantly, moving beyond fixed phrases into more flexible grammatical usage. This is the stage where the concept of the conjunct verb (noun + karna) is explicitly taught. Learners begin to understand that 'खरीदारी' is a feminine noun acting as the object of 'करना'. Crucially, the A2 level introduces the past tense and the ergative 'ने' construction. This is a major hurdle, but essential for using this verb correctly. Learners are taught the rule: 'मैंने खरीदारी की' (I shopped), where the verb 'की' agrees with the feminine noun 'खरीदारी', regardless of the speaker's gender. They practice this extensively to break the habit of saying 'मैंने खरीदारी किया'. Furthermore, A2 learners start expanding the context in which they use the phrase. They learn to specify what they are shopping for using postpositions, such as 'कपड़ों की खरीदारी' (clothes shopping) or 'सब्ज़ी की खरीदारी' (vegetable shopping). They also begin to use the phrase in the future tense ('मैं कल खरीदारी करूँगा' - I will shop tomorrow) and with expressions of obligation ('मुझे खरीदारी करनी है' - I have to shop). The vocabulary surrounding the phrase expands to include words related to money ('पैसे', 'रुपये'), cost ('दाम', 'कीमत'), and basic bargaining phrases ('यह बहुत महँगा है' - this is very expensive). By the end of A2, a learner should be able to recount a simple shopping trip in the past tense and plan a future one.
At the B1 level, learners are expected to handle most situations likely to arise while travelling in an area where Hindi is spoken. Their use of 'खरीदारी करना' becomes much more conversational and nuanced. They are no longer just stating facts; they are describing experiences, expressing preferences, and handling complications. A B1 learner can comfortably discuss their shopping habits, comparing different markets or comparing online shopping ('ऑनलाइन खरीदारी') with traditional retail. They can use the phrase in complex sentences with conjunctions, such as 'मैं खरीदारी करने गया था, लेकिन मुझे कुछ पसंद नहीं आया' (I went shopping, but I didn't like anything). The vocabulary expands to include terms for quality ('अच्छा', 'खराब', 'टिकाऊ'), variety ('तरह-तरह के'), and specific types of shops ('किराने की दुकान', 'कपड़े का शोरूम'). Importantly, B1 learners can engage in the cultural practice of 'मोलभाव' (bargaining) using appropriate polite but firm language. They can explain *why* they are shopping, perhaps for a specific festival like Diwali or a family wedding, using phrases like 'शादी की खरीदारी'. They also start to understand and use related verbs like 'पसंद करना' (to like/choose) and 'वापस करना' (to return an item) in conjunction with their shopping narratives. Grammatical accuracy with the ergative case ('मैंने खरीदारी की') is expected to be mostly consistent at this stage, allowing the learner to focus on fluency and vocabulary expansion rather than basic sentence structure.
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Reaching the B2 level signifies a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. At this stage, the phrase 'खरीदारी करना' is used to discuss broader, more abstract topics related to consumerism, lifestyle, and economics. A B2 learner can articulate detailed opinions on the impact of e-commerce on local businesses, using phrases like 'ऑनलाइन खरीदारी के कारण छोटे दुकानदारों को नुकसान हो रहा है' (Because of online shopping, small shopkeepers are suffering losses). They can discuss shopping not just as a necessity, but as a leisure activity or 'retail therapy', exploring the psychological aspects of buying. The vocabulary becomes highly sophisticated, incorporating terms like 'उपभोक्तावाद' (consumerism), 'छूट' (discount/sale), 'ब्रांड' (brand), and 'गुणवत्ता' (quality). They can easily navigate complex customer service scenarios, such as complaining about a defective product or negotiating a bulk purchase. Grammatically, they can use 'खरीदारी करना' seamlessly in all tenses, including the conditional ('अगर मेरे पास पैसे होते, तो मैं बहुत खरीदारी करता' - If I had money, I would do a lot of shopping) and the passive voice. They also understand the subtle register differences, knowing when to use the pure Hindi 'खरीदारी करना' versus the colloquial English loanword 'शॉपिंग करना' depending on the social context and the person they are speaking with. Their narratives about shopping are rich in detail, cultural context, and accurate idiomatic usage.
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At the C1 level, learners can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic, and professional purposes. The phrase 'खरीदारी करना' is now a tool for engaging in high-level discourse. A C1 speaker can analyze the socio-economic trends related to shopping in India. They might discuss the shift from traditional 'हाट' (weekly markets) to mega-malls, and what this means for urban development and social stratification. They can read and understand complex articles in Hindi newspapers about retail inflation, consumer spending indexes, and festive season sales figures. Their vocabulary includes advanced economic and sociological terms. They can use the phrase metaphorically or in complex idiomatic structures. For instance, they might discuss the 'खरीदारी की होड़' (shopping frenzy) during festival seasons or the concept of 'दिखावटी खरीदारी' (conspicuous consumption). They are completely comfortable with the nuances of formal versus informal language, effortlessly switching between Sanskritized terms like 'क्रय-विक्रय' in a professional setting and colloquial phrases in a casual one. At this level, the grammatical mechanics of the conjunct verb are entirely internalized; the focus is entirely on rhetorical effectiveness, cultural nuance, and precise articulation of complex ideas related to commerce, society, and personal habits.
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The C2 level represents near-native proficiency. A learner at this stage can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. When it comes to a common phrase like 'खरीदारी करना', a C2 speaker understands its deepest cultural resonances and literary applications. They can appreciate how the concept of the 'बाज़ार' and the act of shopping are depicted in Hindi literature, poetry, and cinema—often serving as metaphors for life, transaction, and human interaction. They can engage in philosophical or critical discussions about hyper-consumerism, globalization, and the loss of traditional market cultures, using highly sophisticated vocabulary and flawless grammar. They can play with the language, creating their own nuanced expressions or utilizing obscure idioms related to buying and selling. A C2 speaker might write a compelling essay or deliver a persuasive speech on the economic policies affecting retail in India, using 'खरीदारी करना' as a foundational concept upon which to build complex arguments. Their use of the phrase is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker, characterized by perfect timing, appropriate register, and a deep, intuitive grasp of the cultural weight the words carry in the Indian context.
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खरीदारी करना 30초 만에

  • Meaning: To shop or to do shopping.
  • Grammar: A conjunct verb (Feminine Noun + Verb).
  • Past Tense Rule: Always use 'की' (मैंने खरीदारी की).
  • Usage: Used for the general activity, not for buying one specific item.

The Hindi verb खरीदारी करना (kharīdārī karnā) fundamentally translates to the act of shopping or purchasing goods and services. To truly understand this compound verb, we must break it down into its constituent parts. The word 'खरीदारी' (kharīdārī) is a feminine noun of Persian origin, meaning 'shopping' or 'purchasing'. The verb 'करना' (karnā) is the standard Hindi verb for 'to do'. Therefore, literally, the phrase means 'to do shopping'. This is a classic example of a conjunct verb in Hindi, where a noun or adjective is combined with a generic verb like 'करना' or 'होना' to create a new action word. Understanding this structure is paramount for mastering Hindi vocabulary, as hundreds of verbs are formed in this exact manner. When you use this verb, you are not just talking about buying a single item—which would typically be expressed using the simple verb 'खरीदना' (kharīdnā)—but rather the broader, often more prolonged activity of going to a market, browsing, and making multiple purchases. It encompasses the entire experience of retail therapy, grocery runs, or festive market visits. Let us look at some structural breakdowns.

Component 1: खरीदारी (Noun)
A feminine noun meaning the act of buying. Because it is feminine, it dictates the gender of the verb in past perfective tenses.

In Indian culture, shopping is rarely a solitary, purely transactional event. It is often a social activity, involving family members, friends, and significant interaction with shopkeepers. Whether it is navigating the bustling lanes of Chandni Chowk in Delhi, bargaining at Colaba Causeway in Mumbai, or strolling through a modern, air-conditioned mall in Bangalore, the act of 'खरीदारी करना' is deeply woven into the social fabric. It involves 'मोलभाव' (bargaining), examining the quality of goods, and often enjoying street food along the way. Therefore, when a Hindi speaker says they are going for 'खरीदारी', it implies an event rather than just a quick errand.

मैं आज शाम को अपनी बहन के साथ खरीदारी करने बाज़ार जा रहा हूँ। (I am going to the market this evening with my sister to do shopping.)

Grammatically, because 'खरीदारी' is the direct object of 'करना' in this conjunct verb setup, it behaves in specific ways depending on the tense. In tenses that use the ergative marker 'ने' (ne) with the subject (like the simple past), the verb 'करना' must agree with the feminine noun 'खरीदारी'. This is a common stumbling block for learners, but mastering it is essential for fluency.

Grammar Rule: Ergative Agreement
In the past tense, you must say 'मैंने खरीदारी की' (I did shopping), where 'की' is the feminine past tense form of 'करना', agreeing with 'खरीदारी'.

The distinction between 'खरीदना' (to buy) and 'खरीदारी करना' (to shop) is subtle but important. You 'buy' a specific object: 'मैंने एक किताब खरीदी' (I bought a book). But you 'do shopping' as a general activity: 'मैंने कल बहुत खरीदारी की' (I did a lot of shopping yesterday). You would not typically say 'मैंने एक किताब की खरीदारी की' unless you are speaking in a very formal, almost bureaucratic register. The conjunct verb is reserved for the activity itself, often without specifying the exact items bought, or when referring to a collection of items, like groceries or wedding trousseau.

दिवाली के समय लोग बहुत खरीदारी करते हैं। (People do a lot of shopping during Diwali.)

Furthermore, the context of shopping has evolved significantly in modern India. While traditional bazaars remain popular, the rise of e-commerce has introduced new phrases. 'ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना' (to do online shopping) is now a ubiquitous term. This shows the flexibility of the conjunct verb structure; you simply add the English loanword 'online' as an adjective or adverbial modifier to the existing Hindi phrase.

Modern Usage: E-commerce
ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना (Online shopping) has become the norm, especially among the youth and urban populations in India.

मुझे इंटरनेट पर खरीदारी करना बहुत पसंद है क्योंकि यह सुविधाजनक है। (I like shopping on the internet a lot because it is convenient.)

In summary, 'खरीदारी करना' is a versatile, essential verb phrase for any Hindi learner. It opens the door to discussing daily routines, economic activities, festive preparations, and personal preferences. By understanding its grammatical structure as a feminine conjunct verb and its cultural connotations as a social activity, learners can use this phrase with confidence and natural fluency. Whether you are navigating a bustling local market or browsing an app on your phone, this phrase perfectly encapsulates the universal human activity of acquiring the things we need and want.

शादी की खरीदारी करना एक बहुत ही थका देने वाला काम हो सकता है। (Doing wedding shopping can be a very tiring task.)

हम हर महीने के पहले हफ्ते में राशन की खरीदारी करते हैं। (We do the grocery shopping in the first week of every month.)

Using the verb खरीदारी करना (kharīdārī karnā) correctly requires a solid understanding of Hindi verb conjugation, specifically the rules governing conjunct verbs and the ergative case. As established, this is a compound verb made of the feminine noun 'खरीदारी' and the verb 'करना'. The most critical rule to remember is how this verb behaves in different tenses. In non-perfective tenses—such as the present habitual, present continuous, past habitual, and future—the verb 'करना' agrees with the subject of the sentence. This is straightforward and follows the standard rules of Hindi grammar. Let us explore these non-perfective usages in detail to build a strong foundation.

Present Habitual Tense
Subject + खरीदारी करता/करती/करते + हूँ/है/हैं। Example: मैं हर रविवार को खरीदारी करता हूँ। (I shop every Sunday - male speaker).

In the present continuous tense, which indicates an action happening right now, the structure remains subject-focused. 'मैं खरीदारी कर रहा हूँ' (I am shopping - male) or 'मैं खरीदारी कर रही हूँ' (I am shopping - female). The auxiliary verb 'रहा/रही/रहे' changes according to the gender and number of the person doing the shopping. This is the tense you will use most often when someone calls you on the phone and asks what you are doing while you are at the mall or the market.

अभी मैं बाज़ार में हूँ और खरीदारी कर रही हूँ। (Right now I am in the market and I am shopping.)

The complexity arises when we move to the perfective tenses, such as the simple past, present perfect, and past perfect. Hindi uses an ergative system for transitive verbs in these tenses. Because 'करना' is a transitive verb, the subject must take the postposition 'ने' (ne). When the subject takes 'ने', the verb no longer agrees with the subject; instead, it agrees with the direct object. In the phrase 'खरीदारी करना', the direct object is the noun 'खरीदारी' itself. Since 'खरीदारी' is strictly a feminine singular noun, the verb 'करना' must always take its feminine singular past tense form, which is 'की' (kī).

Past Tense (Ergative Rule)
Subject + ने + खरीदारी + की। Example: राम ने खरीदारी की। (Ram did shopping). Notice it is 'की', not 'किया', regardless of Ram being male.

Let us look at more examples of the perfective tense to solidify this concept. If you want to say 'We shopped a lot', you would say 'हमने बहुत खरीदारी की' (hamne bahut kharīdārī kī). If you want to ask 'Did you shop?', you ask 'क्या आपने खरीदारी की?' (kyā āpne kharīdārī kī?). The verb remains 'की' in all these instances because the object 'खरीदारी' remains feminine singular. This rule applies to all compound verbs formed with feminine nouns, such as 'कोशिश करना' (to try - कोशिश की) or 'प्रतीक्षा करना' (to wait - प्रतीक्षा की).

कल मेरी माँ ने मेरे लिए बहुत सारी खरीदारी की। (Yesterday my mother did a lot of shopping for me.)

Another important aspect of using 'खरीदारी करना' is knowing how to specify what you are shopping for. You cannot simply place a noun directly before the verb as a direct object, because 'खरीदारी' is already acting as the object of 'करना'. Instead, you must use a postposition. The most common way to express this is by using 'की' (of) or 'के लिए' (for). For example, 'कपड़ों की खरीदारी' (shopping of clothes) or 'कपड़ों के लिए खरीदारी' (shopping for clothes). Both are grammatically correct and widely used.

Specifying Items
Use [Item] + की/के लिए + खरीदारी करना। Example: हम शादी की खरीदारी कर रहे हैं। (We are doing wedding shopping.)

मुझे नए घर के लिए खरीदारी करनी है। (I have to do shopping for the new house.)

In the example above, 'मुझे खरीदारी करनी है', we see another crucial grammatical structure: the infinitive of obligation. When you want to say 'I have to do [X]', the structure is Subject + को + [Object] + [Infinitive Verb agreeing with Object] + है. Since 'खरीदारी' is feminine, the infinitive 'करना' changes to 'करनी'. This is a highly advanced but very natural-sounding structure that will immediately elevate your Hindi. By mastering these different tense applications, ergative rules, and obligation structures, you will be able to use 'खरीदारी करना' flawlessly in any conversational context, from casual chats about weekend plans to detailed descriptions of festive preparations.

त्योहारों के मौसम में खरीदारी करना मुझे बहुत पसंद है। (I really like shopping during the festive season.)

अगर तुम बाज़ार जा रहे हो, तो मेरे लिए भी थोड़ी खरीदारी कर लेना। (If you are going to the market, do a little shopping for me too.)

The phrase खरीदारी करना (kharīdārī karnā) is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking regions, echoing through a wide variety of environments, from the chaotic, vibrant lanes of traditional street markets to the polished, air-conditioned corridors of modern shopping malls. Understanding where and how this phrase is used provides deep insights into Indian culture and daily life. The most common place you will hear this phrase is, unsurprisingly, in the context of the 'बाज़ार' (bāzār) or market. India has a rich tradition of diverse markets: wholesale markets, weekly farmer's markets (haats), specialized clothing districts, and neighborhood grocery stalls. In all these settings, the act of 'खरीदारी करना' is a primary topic of conversation. Families plan their weekend outings around it, and friends use it as an excuse to meet and spend time together.

Traditional Markets (Bazaars)
Places like Chandni Chowk in Delhi or Johari Bazaar in Jaipur are iconic locations where 'खरीदारी करना' is an all-day event involving intense bargaining and exploration.

During the festive seasons, the frequency of hearing this phrase skyrockets. Festivals like Diwali, Eid, Durga Puja, and Christmas are synonymous with massive consumer spending in India. The period leading up to Diwali, in particular, is considered highly auspicious for buying new clothes, electronics, gold, and household items. During this time, the phrase 'दिवाली की खरीदारी' (Diwali shopping) becomes a standard part of daily greetings and small talk. People will frequently ask each other, 'क्या आपकी दिवाली की खरीदारी हो गई?' (Is your Diwali shopping done?). It is a cultural touchstone that signifies preparation, prosperity, and celebration.

धनतेरस के दिन सोने की खरीदारी करना बहुत शुभ माना जाता है। (Doing gold shopping on the day of Dhanteras is considered very auspicious.)

Another major context where this phrase dominates is wedding preparations. Indian weddings are grand, multi-day affairs that require an astonishing amount of preparation and purchasing. 'शादी की खरीदारी' (wedding shopping) is a massive undertaking that often begins months in advance. It involves buying bridal wear (lehengas, sarees), jewelry, gifts for extended family members, and items for the new household. Entire families travel to specific cities known for their textiles or jewelry just to do this shopping. In this context, 'खरीदारी करना' is not just a chore; it is a significant family bonding experience, albeit a stressful one.

Wedding Shopping
Often involves extended family and requires specialized trips to famous textile or jewelry hubs across the country.

मेरी बहन की शादी है, इसलिए हमें बहुत सारी खरीदारी करनी है। (It is my sister's wedding, so we have to do a lot of shopping.)

In recent years, the landscape of 'खरीदारी करना' has shifted dramatically with the advent of the internet and smartphones. E-commerce giants like Amazon, Flipkart, and Myntra have revolutionized how Indians buy goods. Consequently, the phrase 'ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना' (to do online shopping) has become incredibly common, especially among millennials and Gen Z. You will hear this phrase in offices, colleges, and cafes as people discuss the latest sales, discounts, and delivery times. The convenience of shopping from home has made this form of 'खरीदारी' a daily or weekly habit for many urban Indians.

Digital Contexts
Discussions about online sales, app discounts, and home deliveries frequently utilize the phrase 'ऑनलाइन खरीदारी'.

आजकल लोग दुकानों में जाने के बजाय मोबाइल पर खरीदारी करना ज़्यादा पसंद करते हैं। (Nowadays, instead of going to shops, people prefer doing shopping on their mobiles more.)

Finally, you will hear this phrase in everyday domestic contexts. The routine act of buying groceries, vegetables, and daily household items is often referred to as 'राशन की खरीदारी' (grocery shopping) or 'सब्ज़ी की खरीदारी' (vegetable shopping). This is the most mundane but frequent use of the phrase. Whether it is a mother asking her son to go to the local market, or roommates dividing up household chores, 'खरीदारी करना' is an essential part of managing a home. By recognizing these diverse contexts—from the sacred to the secular, the grand to the everyday—you gain a comprehensive understanding of how deeply embedded this phrase is in the Hindi language and Indian lifestyle.

मैं हर शाम ताज़ी सब्ज़ियों की खरीदारी करने मंडी जाता हूँ। (I go to the wholesale market every evening to do shopping for fresh vegetables.)

विदेश यात्रा पर जाने से पहले कुछ ज़रूरी खरीदारी करना मत भूलना। (Before going on a foreign trip, do not forget to do some necessary shopping.)

When learning the phrase खरीदारी करना (kharīdārī karnā), students of Hindi frequently encounter a few specific stumbling blocks. These mistakes usually stem from a misunderstanding of Hindi's complex verb agreement rules, the distinction between related vocabulary words, and direct translation from English. By identifying and analyzing these common errors, learners can significantly improve their grammatical accuracy and sound much more natural when speaking. The single most prevalent mistake involves the gender agreement in perfective tenses (like the simple past). As we have established, 'खरीदारी' is a feminine noun. In Hindi, when a transitive verb like 'करना' is used in the past tense, the subject takes the postposition 'ने', and the verb must agree in gender and number with the direct object.

The Ergative Error
Incorrect: मैंने खरीदारी किया (mainne kharīdārī kiyā). Correct: मैंने खरीदारी की (mainne kharīdārī kī). The verb must be feminine 'की' to match 'खरीदारी'.

Many learners, especially male speakers, default to the masculine past tense form 'किया' because they subconsciously make the verb agree with their own gender. However, the rule of the ergative case ('ने' construction) dictates that the subject's gender becomes irrelevant. The object, 'खरीदारी', takes total control of the verb's gender. This rule applies universally, whether the person shopping is a man, a woman, or a group of people. 'राम ने खरीदारी की', 'सीता ने खरीदारी की', 'उन्होंने खरीदारी की'—the verb remains 'की' in all these cases. Breaking this habit requires conscious practice and repetition.

गलत: लड़कों ने कल बहुत खरीदारी किया। सही: लड़कों ने कल बहुत खरीदारी की। (Wrong: The boys did a lot of shopping yesterday [masc verb]. Right: The boys did a lot of shopping yesterday [fem verb].)

Another frequent mistake is confusing 'खरीदारी करना' (to shop) with 'खरीदना' (to buy). While they are closely related in meaning and share the same root, their grammatical usage and contextual implications are different. 'खरीदना' is used when you are referring to the purchase of a specific, identifiable item. For example, 'मैंने एक कार खरीदी' (I bought a car). You would not say 'मैंने एक कार की खरीदारी की' unless you are speaking in an overly formal, unnatural register. Conversely, 'खरीदारी करना' refers to the general activity of shopping, often without specifying the exact items. You say 'मैं खरीदारी करने जा रहा हूँ' (I am going shopping), not 'मैं खरीदने जा रहा हूँ' (I am going to buy - which sounds incomplete without stating *what* you are buying).

To Shop vs. To Buy
Use 'खरीदारी करना' for the activity of shopping. Use 'खरीदना' for the action of purchasing a specific item.

मुझे जूते खरीदने हैं, इसलिए मैं खरीदारी करने जा रहा हूँ। (I have to buy shoes, therefore I am going shopping.)

A third common error arises when learners try to express obligation or necessity, such as 'I have to shop'. In Hindi, this is expressed using the infinitive form of the verb with the subject taking the postposition 'को'. The mistake happens with the gender of the infinitive verb. Because 'खरीदारी' is feminine, the infinitive 'करना' must also change to its feminine form, 'करनी'. Many learners incorrectly say 'मुझे खरीदारी करना है'. While a native speaker will understand this, it is grammatically incorrect and marks the speaker as a beginner.

Obligation Agreement
Incorrect: मुझे खरीदारी करना है। Correct: मुझे खरीदारी करनी है। The infinitive must agree with the feminine noun.

कल मेरी छुट्टी है, इसलिए मुझे घर के लिए थोड़ी खरीदारी करनी है। (Tomorrow is my day off, so I have to do some shopping for the house.)

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with how to connect the items being shopped for with the verb phrase. Direct translation from English can lead to awkward phrasing. In English, we say 'clothes shopping' or 'grocery shopping'. In Hindi, you cannot just juxtapose the nouns. You must use the genitive postposition 'की' (of) or 'के लिए' (for). Saying 'कपड़े खरीदारी' is incorrect. You must say 'कपड़ों की खरीदारी' (shopping of clothes) or 'कपड़ों के लिए खरीदारी' (shopping for clothes). Notice that the noun 'कपड़े' changes to its oblique plural form 'कपड़ों' because it is followed by a postposition. Mastering these nuances—ergative agreement, the distinction from 'खरीदना', obligation structures, and correct postpositional usage—will ensure that your use of 'खरीदारी करना' is both accurate and sophisticated.

हम सर्दियों के कपड़ों की खरीदारी करने मॉल गए थे। (We went to the mall to do winter clothes shopping.)

उसने बिना सोचे-समझे बहुत सारी खरीदारी कर ली। (He/She did a lot of shopping without thinking.)

To build a rich and nuanced Hindi vocabulary, it is essential to understand not just the target word, खरीदारी करना (kharīdārī karnā), but also the constellation of similar words and phrases that surround it. Hindi offers a variety of terms related to commerce, purchasing, and markets, each with its own specific shade of meaning and appropriate context. By learning these related terms, you can express yourself more precisely and understand native speakers more fully. The most immediate relative, as discussed previously, is the simple verb खरीदना (kharīdnā), which means 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. While 'खरीदारी करना' refers to the broad activity of shopping, 'खरीदना' focuses on the specific transaction of acquiring an item in exchange for money. You 'do shopping' (खरीदारी करना) in order to 'buy' (खरीदना) things.

खरीदना (kharīdnā)
To buy a specific item. Example: मैंने एक नया फोन खरीदा। (I bought a new phone.)

Another highly relevant term in the context of Indian shopping is मोलभाव करना (molbhāv karnā). This translates to 'to bargain' or 'to haggle'. In many traditional Indian markets, the initial price quoted by a shopkeeper is rarely the final price. Bargaining is an expected and integral part of the 'खरीदारी' experience. 'मोल' means price or value, and 'भाव' means rate or sentiment. Together, 'मोलभाव करना' describes the negotiation process. If you are doing 'खरीदारी' in a street market like Sarojini Nagar, you will absolutely need to do 'मोलभाव'.

भारत के बाज़ारों में खरीदारी करते समय मोलभाव करना बहुत ज़रूरी है। (While shopping in Indian markets, bargaining is very important.)

If we look at the other side of the transaction, the antonymous concept is selling. The verb for 'to sell' is बेचना (bechnā). The person who sells is a 'विक्रेता' (vikretā) or more commonly, a 'दुकानदार' (dukāndār - shopkeeper). The relationship between the 'खरीदार' (kharīdār - buyer/shopper) and the 'दुकानदार' is the core dynamic of any market. Understanding these terms helps you navigate the roles within a commercial setting.

बेचना (bechnā) & दुकानदार (dukāndār)
To sell, and the shopkeeper. Example: दुकानदार कपड़े बेच रहा है। (The shopkeeper is selling clothes.)

मैं खरीदारी करने गया था, लेकिन दुकानदार ने मुझे कुछ नहीं बेचा। (I went to do shopping, but the shopkeeper did not sell me anything.)

For more formal or business-oriented contexts, Hindi uses words derived from Sanskrit. The formal word for purchasing or procurement is क्रय (kray), and selling is विक्रय (vikray). You will rarely hear these words in a casual street market, but you will see them in legal documents, economic reports, or formal business contracts. Similarly, the word for marketing or commercial distribution is विपणन (vipaṇan). While a casual learner might not need to use these terms daily, recognizing them is crucial for reading Hindi newspapers or understanding business news.

Formal/Sanskrit Terms
क्रय (kray - purchase), विक्रय (vikray - sale), विपणन (vipaṇan - marketing). Used in formal, academic, or economic contexts.

Finally, it is worth noting the widespread use of the English loanword शॉपिंग (shopping). In urban India, 'शॉपिंग करना' is used just as frequently as 'खरीदारी करना', if not more so among the younger generation. It functions grammatically in the exact same way—as a feminine conjunct verb. You will hear 'मैंने शॉपिंग की' (I did shopping) just as often as 'मैंने खरीदारी की'. While 'खरीदारी करना' remains the standard, pure Hindi expression, being comfortable with 'शॉपिंग करना' is essential for conversational fluency in modern, cosmopolitan environments. By mastering this spectrum of vocabulary—from the specific 'खरीदना' to the formal 'क्रय', and the colloquial 'शॉपिंग'—you equip yourself to handle any conversation about commerce in Hindi.

आजकल युवा खरीदारी करने के बजाय 'शॉपिंग' शब्द का ज़्यादा इस्तेमाल करते हैं। (Nowadays, youth use the word 'shopping' more instead of 'kharidari karne'.)

थोक बाज़ार में सामान का क्रय-विक्रय बड़े पैमाने पर होता है। (In the wholesale market, the buying and selling of goods happens on a large scale.)

How Formal Is It?

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수준별 예문

1

मैं खरीदारी करता हूँ।

I shop. (Male speaker)

Present habitual tense, masculine singular agreement with the subject.

2

वह खरीदारी करती है।

She shops.

Present habitual tense, feminine singular agreement with the subject.

3

हम बाज़ार में खरीदारी कर रहे हैं।

We are shopping in the market.

Present continuous tense, plural agreement.

4

मुझे खरीदारी करनी है।

I have to shop.

Infinitive of obligation. 'करनी' agrees with the feminine noun 'खरीदारी'.

5

क्या आप खरीदारी करने जा रहे हैं?

Are you going to shop?

Using the infinitive 'करने' to indicate purpose (going *to* shop).

6

मैं कल खरीदारी करूँगा।

I will shop tomorrow. (Male speaker)

Future tense, masculine singular.

7

वह रोज़ खरीदारी नहीं करता।

He does not shop every day.

Negative present habitual.

8

चलो खरीदारी करें!

Let's shop! / Let's go shopping!

Subjunctive mood used for a suggestion.

1

मैंने कल बहुत खरीदारी की।

I did a lot of shopping yesterday.

Past perfective tense. The verb 'की' agrees with the feminine object 'खरीदारी', not the subject.

2

उसने नई कार के लिए खरीदारी की।

He/She shopped for a new car.

Using 'के लिए' (for) to specify the purpose of the shopping.

3

हम हर महीने राशन की खरीदारी करते हैं।

We do grocery shopping every month.

Using 'की' (of) to link the item (ration) to the shopping.

4

क्या तुमने शादी की खरीदारी कर ली?

Have you finished the wedding shopping?

Compound verb 'कर लेना' indicating completion of the shopping.

5

मुझे ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना पसंद है।

I like doing online shopping.

Using the phrase as the subject of 'पसंद है' (is pleasing to me).

6

वे कपड़े की खरीदारी करने दिल्ली गए।

They went to Delhi to do clothes shopping.

Infinitive 'करने' used to show the purpose of the journey.

7

त्योहार पर सब लोग खरीदारी करते हैं।

Everyone shops during the festival.

General statement using present habitual.

8

मैंने अभी तक कोई खरीदारी नहीं की है।

I have not done any shopping yet.

Present perfect tense, negative. Verb 'की है' agrees with 'खरीदारी'.

1

मैं जब भी उदास होता हूँ, तो खरीदारी करने चला जाता हूँ।

Whenever I am sad, I go shopping.

Complex sentence with a subordinate time clause ('जब भी').

2

ऑनलाइन खरीदारी में समय की बहुत बचत होती है।

A lot of time is saved in online shopping.

Using 'में' (in) to talk about the characteristics of online shopping.

3

दुकानदार ने मुझे ठग लिया, अगली बार मैं वहाँ से खरीदारी नहीं करूँगा।

The shopkeeper cheated me, next time I will not shop from there.

Connecting two clauses to show cause and future intention.

4

दिवाली की खरीदारी के कारण बाज़ार में बहुत भीड़ थी।

Because of Diwali shopping, there was a lot of crowd in the market.

Using 'के कारण' (because of) with the noun phrase.

5

मुझे मोलभाव करना नहीं आता, इसलिए मैं मॉल से खरीदारी करता हूँ।

I don't know how to bargain, therefore I shop from the mall.

Expressing inability ('नहीं आता') and consequence ('इसलिए').

6

हमने इतनी खरीदारी की कि हमारे पास पैसे ही नहीं बचे।

We did so much shopping that we had no money left.

Correlative structure 'इतनी... कि' (so much... that).

7

क्या आपको लगता है कि इंटरनेट पर खरीदारी करना सुरक्षित है?

Do you think that shopping on the internet is safe?

Asking for an opinion using a subordinate clause ('कि').

8

मैं अपनी माँ के साथ गहनों की खरीदारी करने जा रही हूँ।

I am going to do jewelry shopping with my mother.

Specifying the item ('गहनों की') and accompaniment ('के साथ').

1

आजकल उपभोक्तावाद के कारण लोग ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा खरीदारी करते हैं।

Nowadays, due to consumerism, people shop more than necessary.

Using advanced vocabulary ('उपभोक्तावाद') and comparative phrases ('ज़रूरत से ज़्यादा').

2

ऑनलाइन खरीदारी ने पारंपरिक खुदरा बाज़ार को काफी प्रभावित किया है।

Online shopping has significantly affected the traditional retail market.

Using the phrase as an active subject with the ergative 'ने' in a formal context.

3

अगर सेल नहीं लगी होती, तो मैं इतनी महँगी खरीदारी कभी नहीं करता।

If there hadn't been a sale, I would never have done such expensive shopping.

Past counterfactual conditional sentence (अगर... तो).

4

शादी की खरीदारी एक ऐसा काम है जो कभी खत्म ही नहीं होता।

Wedding shopping is such a task that never seems to end.

Using a relative clause ('जो') to describe the noun phrase.

5

पर्यावरण को ध्यान में रखते हुए, हमें सोच-समझकर खरीदारी करनी चाहिए।

Keeping the environment in mind, we should shop thoughtfully.

Using a participial phrase ('ध्यान में रखते हुए') and obligation ('चाहिए').

6

मैं थोक बाज़ार से खरीदारी करना पसंद करता हूँ क्योंकि वहाँ दाम कम होते हैं।

I prefer shopping from the wholesale market because the prices are lower there.

Expressing preference and providing a reasoned justification.

7

दिखावे के लिए खरीदारी करना एक बुरी आदत बनती जा रही है।

Shopping for show-off is becoming a bad habit.

Using 'के लिए' for abstract purpose ('दिखावे') and continuous aspect ('बनती जा रही है').

8

सरकार ने त्योहारी सीज़न में लोगों को खरीदारी करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित किया।

The government encouraged people to shop during the festive season.

Formal sentence structure with a direct object and infinitive of purpose.

1

आर्थिक मंदी के दौर में, आम जनता ने गैर-ज़रूरी वस्तुओं की खरीदारी में भारी कटौती की है।

During the economic slowdown, the general public has drastically cut down on the shopping of non-essential items.

Highly formal vocabulary ('आर्थिक मंदी', 'गैर-ज़रूरी', 'कटौती') used in a complex sentence.

2

ई-कॉमर्स कंपनियों की आक्रामक विपणन रणनीतियाँ उपभोक्ताओं को आवेगपूर्ण खरीदारी करने के लिए प्रेरित करती हैं।

The aggressive marketing strategies of e-commerce companies induce consumers to do impulse shopping.

Academic/business register, using terms like 'आक्रामक विपणन रणनीतियाँ' and 'आवेगपूर्ण'.

3

स्थानीय कारीगरों से सीधे खरीदारी करना न केवल उन्हें आर्थिक संबल देता है, बल्कि हमारी सांस्कृतिक धरोहर को भी सहेजता है।

Shopping directly from local artisans not only gives them economic support but also preserves our cultural heritage.

Using the 'न केवल... बल्कि' (not only... but also) correlative structure.

4

मॉल संस्कृति ने खरीदारी के अनुभव को एक सामाजिक गतिविधि से बदलकर एक व्यक्तिगत उपभोग में तब्दील कर दिया है।

Mall culture has transformed the shopping experience from a social activity into individual consumption.

Sociological analysis using complex verbs ('तब्दील कर दिया है').

5

यह विडंबना ही है कि हम सुख की तलाश में खरीदारी करते हैं, जबकि असली खुशी भौतिक वस्तुओं में नहीं है।

It is an irony that we shop in search of happiness, whereas true happiness does not lie in material objects.

Philosophical reflection using 'विडंबना' (irony) and contrasting clauses ('जबकि').

6

त्योहारों के दौरान बाज़ारों में होने वाली अंधाधुंध खरीदारी अक्सर पर्यावरण के लिए हानिकारक साबित होती है।

The indiscriminate shopping that happens in markets during festivals often proves harmful to the environment.

Using a participial adjective phrase ('होने वाली') to modify the noun.

7

विदेशी ब्रांडों की अंधी नकल में खरीदारी करना हमारी अपनी अर्थव्यवस्था के लिए घातक हो सकता है।

Shopping in blind imitation of foreign brands can be fatal for our own economy.

Using abstract noun phrases ('अंधी नकल में') to describe the manner of the action.

8

उपभोक्ता संरक्षण कानूनों का ज्ञान होना सुरक्षित और पारदर्शी खरीदारी सुनिश्चित करने के लिए नितांत आवश्यक है।

Having knowledge of consumer protection laws is absolutely essential to ensure safe and transparent shopping.

Legal/formal register, using infinitives as subjects ('ज्ञान होना', 'सुनिश्चित करना').

1

पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था में, खरीदारी करना महज़ एक आवश्यकता नहीं, बल्कि नागरिक होने की प्राथमिक शर्त बन गई है।

In a capitalist system, shopping has become not merely a necessity, but the primary condition of being a citizen.

Critical socio-political commentary using highly abstract and formal vocabulary.

2

साहित्य में बाज़ार और खरीदारी का रूपक अक्सर मानवीय रिश्तों की नश्वरता और लेन-देन की प्रकृति को दर्शाने के लिए प्रयुक्त होता है।

In literature, the metaphor of the market and shopping is often used to depict the transience of human relationships and the nature of transaction.

Literary analysis, using terms like 'रूपक' (metaphor) and 'नश्वरता' (transience).

3

वैश्वीकरण के इस युग में, हमारी खरीदारी की आदतें अनजाने में ही सुदूर देशों की भू-राजनीति को प्रभावित कर रही हैं।

In this era of globalization, our shopping habits are unknowingly influencing the geopolitics of distant countries.

Global economic discourse, connecting micro-actions to macro-consequences.

4

बाज़ारवाद के इस मायाजाल में फँसकर मनुष्य ने अपनी आध्यात्मिक शांति को भौतिक वस्तुओं की खरीदारी के एवज़ में गिरवी रख दिया है।

Trapped in this illusion of marketism, man has mortgaged his spiritual peace in exchange for the shopping of material goods.

Philosophical and poetic register, using strong metaphors ('मायाजाल', 'गिरवी रख दिया').

5

यह तर्क देना कि बेलगाम खरीदारी आर्थिक विकास का एकमात्र इंजन है, एक अदूरदर्शी और पारिस्थितिक रूप से विनाशकारी दृष्टिकोण है।

To argue that unbridled shopping is the sole engine of economic growth is a short-sighted and ecologically destructive perspective.

Academic argumentation, using complex adjectives ('अदूरदर्शी', 'पारिस्थितिक रूप से विनाशकारी').

6

स्मृति के गलियारों में, बचपन में पिता के साथ की गई वो छोटी-सी खरीदारी आज भी किसी बहुमूल्य खज़ाने सी प्रतीत होती है।

In the corridors of memory, that small shopping done with father in childhood still seems like an invaluable treasure today.

Highly evocative, literary language evoking nostalgia and emotion.

7

आधुनिक विज्ञापन तंत्र का मुख्य उद्देश्य हमारी मनोवैज्ञानिक कमज़ोरियों का दोहन कर हमें निरंतर खरीदारी करने के दुष्चक्र में फँसाए रखना है।

The main objective of the modern advertising apparatus is to exploit our psychological weaknesses and keep us trapped in the vicious cycle of continuous shopping.

Critical media analysis, using terms like 'दोहन' (exploitation) and 'दुष्चक्र' (vicious cycle).

8

जब तक हम अपनी ज़रूरतों और इच्छाओं के बीच की महीन रेखा को नहीं समझेंगे, तब तक विवेकपूर्ण खरीदारी एक कोरा आदर्श ही बनी रहेगी।

Until we understand the fine line between our needs and desires, prudent shopping will remain a mere empty ideal.

Conditional philosophical statement using 'जब तक... तब तक' (until... then).

자주 쓰는 조합

ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना (to do online shopping)
शादी की खरीदारी करना (to do wedding shopping)
दिवाली की खरीदारी करना (to do Diwali shopping)
राशन की खरीदारी करना (to do grocery shopping)
कपड़ों की खरीदारी करना (to do clothes shopping)
जमकर खरीदारी करना (to shop heavily/a lot)
सोच-समझकर खरीदारी करना (to shop thoughtfully/wisely)
अंधाधुंध खरीदारी करना (to shop indiscriminately/blindly)
सस्ती खरीदारी करना (to do cheap shopping/find bargains)
महीने की खरीदारी करना (to do the monthly shopping)

자주 쓰는 구문

खरीदारी करने जाना (to go shopping)

खरीदारी हो गई? (Is the shopping done?)

मुझे खरीदारी करनी है (I have to shop)

चलो खरीदारी करें (Let's go shopping)

खरीदारी का समय (shopping time)

खरीदारी की सूची (shopping list)

खरीदारी का शौक (passion for shopping)

खरीदारी का अनुभव (shopping experience)

खरीदारी का बजट (shopping budget)

खरीदारी का माहौल (shopping atmosphere)

자주 혼동되는 단어

खरीदारी करना vs खरीदना (kharīdnā) - Means 'to buy' a specific item, whereas 'खरीदारी करना' means the general activity of 'shopping'.

खरीदारी करना vs बेचना (bechnā) - The exact opposite; means 'to sell'.

खरीदारी करना vs मोलभाव करना (molbhāv karnā) - Means 'to bargain', which is a part of shopping, but not the whole act.

관용어 및 표현

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혼동하기 쉬운

खरीदारी करना vs

खरीदारी करना vs

खरीदारी करना vs

खरीदारी करना vs

खरीदारी करना vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

note

While 'खरीदारी करना' is the standard verb, you will often hear 'खरीददारी' with a double 'द' (d). Both spellings and pronunciations are acceptable and widely used, though 'खरीदारी' is technically more standard. Also, remember that this verb focuses on the *process* of shopping. If you want to focus on the *acquisition* of a specific item, use 'खरीदना' (to buy).

자주 하는 실수
  • Saying 'मैंने खरीदारी किया' instead of 'मैंने खरीदारी की'. (Failing to use feminine agreement in the ergative past tense).
  • Using 'खरीदारी करना' when referring to a specific item. (e.g., Saying 'मैंने एक सेब की खरीदारी की' instead of 'मैंने एक सेब खरीदा').
  • Saying 'मुझे खरीदारी करना है' instead of 'मुझे खरीदारी करनी है'. (Failing to make the infinitive verb agree with the feminine noun).
  • Directly translating 'clothes shopping' as 'कपड़े खरीदारी'. (Forgetting to use the postposition 'की' -> 'कपड़ों की खरीदारी').
  • Confusing the noun 'खरीदार' (buyer) with the noun 'खरीदारी' (shopping). (e.g., Saying 'मैं एक अच्छा खरीदारी हूँ' instead of 'मैं एक अच्छा खरीदार हूँ').

팁

The Golden Rule of Past Tense

Whenever you use 'खरीदारी करना' in the past tense (simple past, present perfect, past perfect), the verb must be feminine. Memorize the phrase 'मैंने खरीदारी की'. Never use 'किया'. This single tip will instantly make your Hindi sound more native.

Specify Your Shopping

Don't just say you are shopping; say what you are shopping for! Use the formula: [Item] + की + खरीदारी. For example, 'जूतों की खरीदारी' (shoe shopping) or 'किताबों की खरीदारी' (book shopping).

Embrace the Bargain

If you are doing 'खरीदारी' in a street market, 'मोलभाव' (bargaining) is expected. Don't be shy! Start by offering half the quoted price and negotiate from there. It's part of the cultural experience.

The Digital Shift

To talk about e-commerce, simply add 'ऑनलाइन' before the phrase: 'ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना'. This is a very common phrase nowadays and shows you are up-to-date with modern Hindi usage.

Obligation Agreement

When saying 'I have to shop', remember the infinitive verb must also be feminine. It is 'मुझे खरीदारी करनी है', not 'करना है'. The verb 'करना' morphs to 'करनी' to match 'खरीदारी'.

Wedding Shopping Scale

If someone mentions 'शादी की खरीदारी' (wedding shopping), understand that this is a massive, multi-day, expensive endeavor. It's a great conversation starter to ask them where they are going for it.

Fluid Pronunciation

Try not to pause between 'खरीदारी' and 'करना'. Say it as one smooth unit: 'kharidari-karna'. This helps reinforce that it is a single conjunct verb, not two separate disconnected words.

Shopping vs. Buying

Remember the difference: use 'खरीदारी करना' for the trip/activity (I am going shopping). Use 'खरीदना' when you point to a specific item (I want to buy *this* shirt).

Festive Shopping

During Diwali, ask your friends 'दिवाली की खरीदारी कैसी चल रही है?' (How is the Diwali shopping going?). It is the perfect seasonal small talk and shows cultural awareness.

Using 'Shopping'

Don't feel bad about using the English word 'शॉपिंग'. In cities like Delhi or Mumbai, saying 'मैं शॉपिंग करने जा रहा हूँ' is completely natural and sometimes preferred by the younger generation.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a CAR (कार - sounds like khar) driving through a DAIRY (डेयरी - sounds like dari) farm to DO (करना) some shopping for milk. Khar-i-dari karna.

어원

Persian + Sanskrit/Hindi

문화적 맥락

In traditional markets, the first price is rarely the final price. Knowing how to politely but firmly negotiate is a key part of 'खरीदारी'.

Wedding shopping ('शादी की खरीदारी') often involves multiple generations of a family traveling together to select the perfect items.

Buying certain items (like gold or utensils) on specific days (like Dhanteras) is believed to bring good luck and prosperity.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"क्या आपने इस साल दिवाली की खरीदारी कर ली?"

"आपको कपड़े की खरीदारी के लिए कौन सा बाज़ार सबसे अच्छा लगता है?"

"क्या आप ऑनलाइन खरीदारी करना पसंद करते हैं या दुकान पर जाकर?"

"कल मैंने बहुत खरीदारी की, क्या आप देखना चाहेंगे मैंने क्या खरीदा?"

"मुझे कुछ नए जूते चाहिए, क्या हम आज शाम खरीदारी करने चलें?"

일기 주제

Describe your last shopping trip in detail. Where did you go and what did you buy?

Write about the differences between shopping in a traditional Indian market versus a modern mall.

Do you prefer online shopping or offline shopping? Write three reasons for your preference.

Describe the atmosphere of a market during a major festival in your country.

Write a dialogue between yourself and a shopkeeper where you are bargaining for a lower price.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, this is grammatically incorrect. 'खरीदारी' is a feminine noun. In the past tense with the 'ने' construction, the verb must agree with the object. Therefore, it must always be 'मैंने खरीदारी की'.

'खरीदना' means 'to buy' and is used for specific items (e.g., I bought an apple - मैंने एक सेब खरीदा). 'खरीदारी करना' means 'to shop' or 'to go shopping' as a general activity (e.g., I went shopping - मैं खरीदारी करने गया).

You can say 'राशन की खरीदारी' (rāśan kī kharīdārī). 'राशन' refers to daily provisions or groceries. You can also say 'सब्ज़ी की खरीदारी' if you are specifically shopping for vegetables.

Yes, in modern, urban Hindi, it is very common to say 'शॉपिंग करना' (shopping karnā). It follows the exact same grammatical rules as 'खरीदारी करना', including the feminine past tense agreement ('मैंने शॉपिंग की').

You use the infinitive of obligation structure: 'मुझे खरीदारी करनी है' (mujhe kharīdārī karnī hai). Notice that the infinitive verb 'करना' changes to 'करनी' to agree with the feminine noun 'खरीदारी'.

You can use either 'की' (of) or 'के लिए' (for). So, 'कपड़ों की खरीदारी' (shopping of clothes) or 'कपड़ों के लिए खरीदारी' (shopping for clothes) are both correct and commonly used.

You can ask 'क्या आपकी खरीदारी हो गई?' (Is your shopping done?) or 'क्या आपने खरीदारी कर ली?' (Have you completed the shopping?).

There isn't a direct, single-word equivalent in traditional Hindi. People usually describe it by saying 'मैं बस बाज़ार देख रहा हूँ' (I am just looking at the market) or they use the English phrase 'विंडो शॉपिंग करना'.

'खरीदारी' is treated as an uncountable, feminine singular noun. You do not pluralize it to say 'many shoppings'. You simply say 'बहुत खरीदारी' (a lot of shopping).

The word has Persian roots. 'ख़रीद' (kharīd) means purchase in Persian, and the suffix '-दारी' (-dārī) indicates the act of doing it. It was integrated into Hindustani during the Mughal period.

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