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सभ्यता

A2 noun 8분 분량

सभ्यता

sabhyata

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 सभ्यता 30초 만에

설명 सभ्यता in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā) is a bit advanced, but you can understand it as 'good manners' or 'being nice.' Imagine a teacher telling a child to sit properly and speak kindly; that is the beginning of 'sabhyatā.' It is about the simple rules we follow to live together peacefully. You might learn it in the context of 'सभ्य' (sabhya), which means 'a good/polite person.' Even at this early stage, knowing that Hindi has a special word for the way people behave in a group is helpful. You don't need to use it in complex sentences yet, just recognize it as something positive related to behavior. For example, 'सभ्यता अच्छी बात है' (Civilization/Good manners is a good thing). Think of it as the 'politeness' you show when you say 'Namaste' or 'Dhanyavad.' It is the basic foundation of how we act around others in a respectful way.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you start to use 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā) to talk about history and society. You will learn that it means 'Civilization.' You might use it to describe your country or the ancient world. At this level, you should know that it is a feminine noun. This means you say 'मेरी सभ्यता' (my civilization) and 'पुरानी सभ्यता' (old civilization). You can use it in simple sentences like 'भारत की सभ्यता बहुत पुरानी है' (India's civilization is very old). You are also learning to distinguish between a 'civilized person' (सभ्य व्यक्ति) and an 'uncivilized person' (असभ्य व्यक्ति). This is a great word to use when you are talking about what you learned in a history book or when you are describing the general culture of a place you visited. It helps you move beyond just 'good' or 'bad' and into more specific descriptions of society.

At the B1 level, you can use 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā) to discuss social issues and more complex historical narratives. You understand the difference between 'sabhyatā' (the physical and social structure of a society) and 'sanskriti' (the values and arts). You can talk about the 'development of civilization' (सभ्यता का विकास) and how technology affects it. You might say, 'आज की सभ्यता मशीनों पर टिकी है' (Today's civilization is based on machines). You are also more comfortable with the plural form 'सभ्यताएँ' (sabhyatāen). You can compare different civilizations, like 'मिस्र और यूनान की सभ्यताएँ' (The civilizations of Egypt and Greece). At this stage, you should be able to use the word in a paragraph to explain why manners and social rules are important for a functioning society. It becomes a tool for expressing your opinions on how people should live together in a modern world.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā) becomes a key term for academic and professional discussions. You can use it to talk about the 'clash of civilizations' or the 'evolution of human thought.' You understand its nuances in literature and how authors use the word to critique society. For example, you might analyze a text that says 'शहरी सभ्यता ने हमें अकेला कर दिया है' (Urban civilization has made us lonely). You are also aware of the formal synonyms like 'तहज़ीब' and 'शिष्टाचार' and can choose the right one based on the context. Your grammar with the word is perfect, including its use in complex oblique cases (e.g., 'सभ्यताओं के बीच' - between civilizations). You can participate in a debate about whether modern progress is actually a sign of a 'better civilization' or just more technology. This word is now a part of your sophisticated vocabulary for discussing history, sociology, and ethics.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, you explore the philosophical and deeply historical layers of 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā). You can discuss the etymological roots from the Sanskrit 'Sabhya' and how the concept has shifted from 'courtly behavior' to 'global systems.' You can read and critique high-level Hindi essays on the 'decline of civilization' or 'cultural imperialism.' You use the word to discuss the tension between tradition and modernity. For instance, you might write an essay on 'सभ्यता और प्रकृति का संतुलन' (The balance between civilization and nature). You are sensitive to the word's register—using it in formal speeches, academic papers, and high literature. You can also use it metaphorically, referring to the 'civilization of the mind' or 'civilization of the heart.' Your understanding of the word is no longer just a definition, but a complex concept that you can manipulate to express deep, abstract thoughts about the human condition.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have a masterly command over 'सभ्यता' (sabhyatā). You can use it in its most subtle and nuanced forms, perhaps even in creative writing or poetry. You understand the historical weight it carries in the Indian independence movement, where leaders like Gandhi and Tagore debated the merits of 'Western Civilization' (पश्चिमी सभ्यता) versus 'Indian Civilization.' You can engage in professional-level discourse on archaeology, anthropology, and sociology using this term. You might explore how 'sabhyatā' is used in the 'Puranas' or other ancient texts compared to its modern usage. You can effortlessly switch between its meaning as 'social etiquette' and 'macro-civilization' to make a point about the fractal nature of human behavior. For you, 'sabhyatā' is not just a word; it is a lens through which you analyze the entire history of human interaction and the future of our species. You can identify and use archaic or highly specialized collocations involving the word.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

सभ्यता 30초 만에

Means 'Civilization' or 'Manners'.
Feminine noun (use 'ki', 'apni').
Root: Sanskrit 'Sabhya' (courtly/polite).
Contrasted with 'Sanskriti' (culture).

The word सभ्यता (sabhyatā) is a profound pillar of the Hindi language, serving as a bridge between the historical past and the ethical present. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'civilization' or 'culture,' but its roots in the Sanskrit word 'sabhya' (belonging to an assembly or court) imbue it with a sense of 'refined behavior' and 'politeness.' When you use this word, you are often referring to the collective achievements, social norms, and technological advancements of a human society over time. It is the outward expression of a group's progress. For instance, historians frequently discuss the Indus Valley Civilization as 'सिंधु घाटी की सभ्यता' (Sindhu Ghati ki Sabhyata). In this context, it encompasses their urban planning, trade, and social structures. However, in daily conversation, 'sabhyatā' can also refer to an individual's manners. If someone says, 'उसमें सभ्यता नहीं है' (He/she lacks civilization), they are actually saying the person lacks basic manners or etiquette. It is a word that demands respect and implies a high standard of living or acting.

Historical Context: Used to describe the evolution of human societies from primitive states to organized urban centers.
Social Context: Refers to the etiquette, decorum, and behavioral standards expected in a refined society.
Philosophical Context: Often contrasted with 'Sanskriti' (culture), where 'Sabhyata' is the material body and 'Sanskriti' is the internal soul.

प्राचीन भारतीय सभ्यता विश्व की सबसे पुरानी सभ्यताओं में से एक है। (Ancient Indian civilization is one of the oldest civilizations in the world.)

हमें अपनी सभ्यता और शिष्टाचार को कभी नहीं भूलना चाहिए। (We should never forget our civilization/etiquette and good manners.)

नदी के किनारे ही महान सभ्यताओं का जन्म हुआ। (Great civilizations were born on the banks of rivers.)

The word is feminine in gender, which affects how adjectives and verbs interact with it. For example, you would say 'बड़ी सभ्यता' (big civilization) rather than 'बड़ा सभ्यता'. In modern Hindi discourse, the term is frequently used in debates regarding the 'clash of civilizations' (सभ्यताओं का संघर्ष) or the 'preservation of heritage.' It is a formal word, rarely used in extremely casual slang, but essential for anyone reading Hindi literature, newspapers, or historical texts. By understanding 'sabhyatā,' you gain insight into how Hindi speakers view the organized progress of humanity and the inherent dignity required in human interactions.

Using सभ्यता (sabhyatā) correctly requires an understanding of its dual role as both a collective noun for a society and an abstract noun for personal conduct. When discussing history, it functions as a countable noun in its plural form 'सभ्यताएँ' (sabhyatāen). For example, 'विश्व में कई प्राचीन सभ्यताएँ थीं' (There were many ancient civilizations in the world). Notice how the verb changes to accommodate the plural feminine form. When used to denote manners, it is typically uncountable. You might say, 'उसका व्यवहार सभ्यता से भरा है' (His behavior is full of politeness/civilized conduct). Here, 'sabhyatā' is treated as a quality that one possesses or lacks.

As a Subject: सभ्यता हमें साथ रहना सिखाती है। (Civilization teaches us how to live together.)
As an Object: हमें अपनी सभ्यता की रक्षा करनी चाहिए। (We must protect our civilization.)
In Prepositional Phrases: सभ्यता के विकास में विज्ञान का बड़ा हाथ है। (Science has a big hand in the development of civilization.)

मिस्र की सभ्यता अपने पिरामिडों के लिए प्रसिद्ध है। (The Egyptian civilization is famous for its pyramids.)

आज की आधुनिक सभ्यता तकनीक पर निर्भर है। (Today's modern civilization is dependent on technology.)

In formal writing, 'sabhyatā' often pairs with 'संस्कृति' (sanskriti) to form the compound concept of 'civilization and culture.' It is also common to see it used with adjectives like 'विकसित' (developed), 'प्राचीन' (ancient), 'महान' (great), or 'नष्ट' (destroyed). When you want to describe someone who is civilized, you use the adjective form 'सभ्य' (sabhya). For instance, 'वह एक सभ्य व्यक्ति है' (He is a civilized/polite person). Understanding these variations allows you to navigate both historical discussions and social critiques with precision. Whether you are describing the ruins of Rome or the polite greeting of a neighbor, 'sabhyatā' provides the necessary linguistic framework.

You will encounter सभ्यता (sabhyatā) in several distinct environments. Firstly, it is a staple of the Indian education system. Students from primary school to university hear this word constantly in history (इतिहास) and social studies (सामाजिक विज्ञान) classes. Teachers will lecture on the 'Harappan Civilization' or the 'Mesopotamian Civilization,' using 'sabhyatā' as the primary term. If you visit a museum in India, the plaques and descriptions will almost certainly feature this word when describing ancient artifacts or the lifestyle of past eras.

News & Media: News anchors use it when discussing cultural diplomacy or when a public figure behaves in an 'uncivilized' manner (असभ्य व्यवहार).
Literature: Hindi poets and novelists use 'sabhyatā' to critique the coldness of modern urban life compared to traditional values.
Political Speeches: Politicians often invoke the 'greatness of our civilization' (हमारी महान सभ्यता) to instill national pride.

'सभ्यता का अंत' (The End of Civilization) is a common theme in dystopian Hindi movies and literature.

In school: 'आज हम सिंधु घाटी की सभ्यता के बारे में पढ़ेंगे।' (Today we will read about the Indus Valley Civilization.)

Beyond formal settings, you might hear a parent scolding a child by saying, 'सभ्यता से बात करो!' (Talk with civilization/manners!). This usage bridges the gap between the grand historical meaning and everyday interpersonal conduct. It suggests that being 'civilized' is not just about building empires, but about how you treat the person standing in front of you. In the world of Hindi cinema (Bollywood), 'sabhyatā' is often contrasted with 'modernity' (आधुनिकता). A character might struggle to maintain their traditional 'sabhyatā' while living in a fast-paced, Westernized city. This tension makes the word a central theme in many cultural narratives.

The most frequent mistake learners make with सभ्यता (sabhyatā) is confusing it with संस्कृति (sanskriti). While they are related, they are not identical. 'Sabhyatā' refers to the external progress—technology, architecture, laws, and urban organization. 'Sanskriti' refers to the internal progress—religion, philosophy, art, and values. You might have a highly advanced 'sabhyatā' (like a futuristic city) that lacks a deep 'sanskriti' (meaningful values). Conversely, a group might have a rich 'sanskriti' but a very simple 'sabhyatā.' Mixing these up in an academic or formal context can lead to a loss of nuance.

Gender Mismatch: Mistaking 'sabhyatā' for masculine. Incorrect: 'भारतीय सभ्यता महान है' (correct) vs 'भारतीय सभ्यता महान था' (incorrect).
Overusing for 'Manners': While it means manners, using it for very minor things (like saying 'please') might sound too heavy. Use 'तमीज़' (tameez) or 'शिष्टाचार' (shishtachar) for everyday politeness.

Confusing Adjectives: 'सभ्यता' (noun) vs 'सभ्य' (adjective). Correct: 'वह सभ्य है।' Incorrect: 'वह सभ्यता है।' (unless you mean 'She is the personification of civilization').

Another common error is failing to use the plural form 'सभ्यताएँ' when discussing multiple cultures. Learners often stick to the singular form even when the context is plural. For instance, in 'The civilizations of the world,' you must say 'विश्व की सभ्यताएँ.' Also, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'bh' (भ) and 'y' (य) cluster. It should be a smooth transition, not 'sabi-yata.' Mastery of this word involves not just knowing its meaning, but respecting its weight and gender in the sentence structure.

To truly master Hindi, you must know the synonyms and nuances of सभ्यता (sabhyatā). Depending on the context, several other words might be more appropriate. If you are talking about the soul of a people, their arts and beliefs, संस्कृति (sanskriti) is your best choice. If you are specifically referring to the refined manners and social etiquette of the elite or urbanites, the Urdu-origin word तहज़ीब (tehzeeb) is frequently used, especially in North Indian 'Ganga-Jamuni' culture. शिष्टाचार (shishtachar) is the formal Hindi term for 'etiquette' or 'good conduct,' often used in school settings.

सभ्यता vs. संस्कृति: Sabhyatā is material/social organization; Sanskriti is spiritual/artistic heritage.
सभ्यता vs. तहज़ीब: Sabhyatā is more academic/historical; Tehzeeb is more poetic/socially refined.
सभ्यता vs. तमीज़: Sabhyatā is broad; Tameez is specific to 'manners' or 'discipline' in behavior.

Example: 'लखनऊ अपनी तहज़ीब के लिए जाना जाता है।' (Lucknow is known for its refined culture/manners.)

Other related terms include विकास (vikas) meaning development, which often goes hand-in-hand with civilization, and परंपरा (parampara) meaning tradition. While 'sabhyatā' is the whole system, 'parampara' are the specific threads of tradition that run through it. In a modern context, you might also hear नागरिकता (nagrikta) which means citizenship, but also carries a sense of 'civility' in certain legal or social discussions. Knowing when to use 'sabhyatā' versus these alternatives will make your Hindi sound more natural and sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In ancient times, being 'civilized' (sabhya) literally meant you were important or well-behaved enough to sit in the king's council!

발음 가이드

UK /səbʱ.jə.t̪ɑː/

US /səbʱ.jə.tɑ/

Primary stress is on the second syllable 'ya'.

라임이 맞는 단어

भव्यता (bhavyatā - grandeur) दिव्यता (divyatā - divinity) योग्यता (yogyatā - ability) सत्यता (satyatā - truthfulness) शून्यता (shūnyatā - emptiness) प्रियता (priyatā - popularity) मुख्यतः (mukhyataḥ - mainly) सहायता (sahāyatā - help)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'bh' as a simple 'b' (sub-ya-ta).
Adding an extra vowel like 'sabi-yata'.
Making the final 'a' too short.

난이도

독해 3/5

The word is common in newspapers and books, making it essential for intermediate readers.

쓰기 4/5

Requires understanding of feminine gender agreements and plural forms.

말하기 3/5

The 'bh-y' cluster can be tricky for beginners to pronounce smoothly.

듣기 2/5

Easily recognizable due to its distinct sound and frequent use in formal media.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

सफ़ाई (cleanliness) लोग (people) देश (country) पुराना (old) बात (talk)

다음에 배울 것

संस्कृति (culture) इतिहास (history) प्रगति (progress) विरासत (heritage) शिष्टाचार (etiquette)

고급

उत्थान (upliftment) पतन (downfall) अपरिहार्य (inevitable) अक्षुण्ण (intact) विडंबना (irony)

알아야 할 문법

Feminine Abstract Nouns

Nouns ending in '-ta' (like सभ्यता, सुंदरता, मानवता) are almost always feminine.

Oblique Pluralization

The plural 'सभ्यताएँ' becomes 'सभ्यताओं' when followed by a postposition (e.g., सभ्यताओं का).

Adjective Agreement

Adjectives must end in 'i' for 'sabhyata' (e.g., महान सभ्यता, पुरानी सभ्यता).

Possessive Pronouns

Use 'मेरी', 'आपकी', 'उसकी' with 'sabhyata'.

Verb Agreement

The verb must be feminine (e.g., सभ्यता विकसित हुई).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

सभ्यता अच्छी बात है।

Civilization/Good manners is a good thing.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

सभ्य बनो।

Be civilized/polite.

Imperative form using the adjective 'sabhya'.

वह एक सभ्य लड़का है।

He is a polite boy.

Adjective 'sabhya' qualifying a masculine noun.

सभ्यता से बैठो।

Sit with manners.

'Se' postposition used to create an adverbial phrase.

नमस्ते हमारी सभ्यता है।

Namaste is our culture/civilization.

'Hamari' (our) matches the feminine gender of 'sabhyata'.

यह सभ्यता पुरानी है।

This civilization is old.

'Purani' (old) is the feminine form of 'purana'.

सभ्यता से बात करो।

Talk with manners.

Common imperative phrase for behavior.

हमें सभ्यता सीखनी चाहिए।

We should learn civilization/manners.

'Seekhni' (should learn) matches the feminine 'sabhyata'.

भारत की सभ्यता बहुत पुरानी है।

India's civilization is very old.

Use of 'ki' for feminine possession.

नदी के किनारे सभ्यता का विकास हुआ।

Civilization developed on the banks of the river.

'Vikas' (development) is masculine, so it uses 'ka'.

सिंधु घाटी की सभ्यता प्रसिद्ध है।

The Indus Valley Civilization is famous.

Proper noun phrase.

क्या आप इस सभ्यता के बारे में जानते हैं?

Do you know about this civilization?

Oblique case 'sabhyata' (remains same) with 'ke bare mein'.

मिस्र की सभ्यता पिरामिडों के लिए जानी जाती है।

The Egyptian civilization is known for pyramids.

'Jani jati hai' is the feminine passive-like construction.

सभ्यता हमें समाज में रहना सिखाती है।

Civilization teaches us to live in society.

'Sikhati' matches the feminine subject.

पुरानी सभ्यताओं के अवशेष यहाँ मिले हैं।

Remains of old civilizations have been found here.

Plural form 'sabhyataon' in the oblique case.

आज की सभ्यता तकनीक पर आधारित है।

Today's civilization is based on technology.

'Adharit' (based) used as an adjective.

सभ्यता और संस्कृति में अंतर होता है।

There is a difference between civilization and culture.

Use of 'mein' (in/between) for comparison.

शहरी सभ्यता ने जीवन को बदल दिया है।

Urban civilization has changed life.

'Shahri' (urban) as an adjective.

मानव सभ्यता का इतिहास बहुत लंबा है।

The history of human civilization is very long.

'Manav sabhyata' (human civilization) as a compound noun.

सभ्यता के विकास के साथ युद्ध भी बढ़े हैं।

With the development of civilization, wars have also increased.

'Ke saath' (along with) usage.

हमें अपनी सभ्यता पर गर्व होना चाहिए।

We should be proud of our civilization.

'Par garv' (pride in/on).

प्राचीन सभ्यताएँ प्रकृति के करीब थीं।

Ancient civilizations were close to nature.

Plural 'sabhyataen' with plural verb 'thin'.

सभ्यता का अर्थ केवल बड़ी इमारतें नहीं हैं।

Civilization does not just mean big buildings.

'Arth' (meaning) is the subject here.

विज्ञान ने सभ्यता को नई दिशा दी है।

Science has given a new direction to civilization.

'Di hai' matches the feminine 'disha' (direction).

सभ्यताओं का टकराव दुनिया के लिए खतरनाक है।

The clash of civilizations is dangerous for the world.

'Takrav' (clash) is masculine.

साहित्य सभ्यता का दर्पण होता है।

Literature is the mirror of civilization.

Metaphorical usage.

आधुनिक सभ्यता में मानसिक तनाव बढ़ रहा है।

Mental stress is increasing in modern civilization.

'Mansik tanav' (mental stress).

किसी भी सभ्यता की पहचान उसकी कला से होती है।

The identity of any civilization is known by its art.

'Pehchan' (identity) is feminine.

क्या हम वास्तव में एक सभ्य समाज में रहते हैं?

Do we really live in a civilized society?

'Sabhya' as an adjective for 'samaj' (society).

सभ्यता के विनाश के कई कारण हो सकते हैं।

There can be many reasons for the destruction of civilization.

'Vinash' (destruction) is masculine.

हमें अपनी सभ्यता के नैतिक मूल्यों को बचाना होगा।

We will have to save the moral values of our civilization.

'Naitik mulya' (moral values).

पश्चिमी सभ्यता का प्रभाव पूरी दुनिया पर है।

The influence of Western civilization is on the whole world.

'Prabhav' (influence) is masculine.

सभ्यता का विकास अक्सर प्रकृति के विनाश की कीमत पर होता है।

The development of civilization often happens at the cost of nature's destruction.

Complex 'ki keemat par' (at the cost of) construction.

गांधी जी ने आधुनिक सभ्यता को 'शैतानी' कहा था।

Gandhi ji called modern civilization 'satanic'.

Historical reference using direct speech style.

सभ्यता की यात्रा पाषाण युग से शुरू हुई थी।

The journey of civilization began from the Stone Age.

'Yatra' (journey) is feminine.

वैश्वीकरण ने एक वैश्विक सभ्यता को जन्म दिया है।

Globalization has given birth to a global civilization.

'Vaishvik' (global) as an adjective.

सभ्यता के संकट को केवल प्रेम और करुणा से हल किया जा सकता है।

The crisis of civilization can only be solved through love and compassion.

Passive voice 'hal kiya ja sakta hai'.

इतिहास गवाह है कि कोई भी सभ्यता अमर नहीं है।

History is witness that no civilization is immortal.

'Gawah' (witness) and 'Amar' (immortal).

सभ्यता का मापदंड सड़कों से नहीं, लोगों के व्यवहार से होता है।

The criterion of civilization is not by roads, but by people's behavior.

'Mapdand' (criterion/standard).

क्या तकनीकी प्रगति ही सभ्यता की असली परिभाषा है?

Is technological progress the real definition of civilization?

'Paribhasha' (definition) is feminine.

सभ्यता का द्वंद्व मनुष्य के अंतर्मन में सदैव चलता रहता है।

The conflict of civilization always continues in the inner mind of man.

High-level vocabulary like 'dwandva' (conflict) and 'antarman' (inner mind).

मार्क्स के अनुसार, सभ्यता वर्गों के संघर्ष की उपज है।

According to Marx, civilization is the product of class struggle.

'Upaj' (product/yield) used metaphorically.

सभ्यता की विडंबना यह है कि हम जितने जुड़ रहे हैं, उतने ही अकेले हो रहे हैं।

The irony of civilization is that the more we connect, the lonelier we become.

'Vidambana' (irony) is a C2 level word.

सभ्यता के भग्नावशेषों में ही इतिहास की गूँज सुनाई देती है।

The echoes of history are heard only in the ruins of civilization.

'Bhagnavashesh' (ruins/remains) is a very formal term.

क्या सभ्यता का अंत अपरिहार्य है, या हम इसे बदल सकते हैं?

Is the end of civilization inevitable, or can we change it?

'Apariharya' (inevitable).

सभ्यता का उत्थान और पतन समय के चक्र का हिस्सा है।

The rise and fall of civilization is part of the cycle of time.

'Utthan' (rise) and 'Patan' (fall).

सभ्यता की सार्थकता मनुष्य की गरिमा को अक्षुण्ण रखने में है।

The meaningfulness of civilization lies in keeping human dignity intact.

'Sarthakta' (meaningfulness) and 'Akshunn' (intact).

हम एक ऐसी सभ्यता की ओर बढ़ रहे हैं जहाँ कृत्रिम मेधा का बोलबाला होगा।

We are moving towards a civilization where artificial intelligence will dominate.

'Bolbala hona' (to dominate/be prevalent).

동의어

संस्कृति तहज़ीब शिष्टाचार तमीज़ आदमियत शालीनता भद्रता नागरिकता

반의어

असभ्यता बर्बरता जंगल राज गँवारपन

자주 쓰는 조합

प्राचीन सभ्यता

आधुनिक सभ्यता

सिंधु घाटी की सभ्यता

सभ्यता का विकास

सभ्यता का अंत

सभ्यता और संस्कृति

सभ्यता से पेश आना

सभ्यता की रक्षा

वैश्विक सभ्यता

सभ्यता का पतन

자주 쓰는 구문

सभ्यता की कसौटी

— The test or criterion of civilization. It's used to judge how advanced a society truly is.

न्याय ही सभ्यता की असली कसौटी है।

सभ्यता के नाम पर

— In the name of civilization. Often used to critique actions done under the guise of progress.

सभ्यता के नाम पर पेड़ों को काटा जा रहा है।

सभ्यता की दौड़

— The race of civilization. Refers to the competitive nature of modern progress.

हम सभ्यता की दौड़ में अंधे हो गए हैं।

सभ्यता का पाठ

— A lesson in civilization or manners. Usually said when someone is being taught how to behave.

पिता ने बेटे को सभ्यता का पाठ पढ़ाया।

सभ्यता की जड़ें

— The roots of civilization. Refers to ancient origins.

हमारी सभ्यता की जड़ें बहुत गहरी हैं।

सभ्यता का दायरा

— The scope or boundary of civilization.

क्रूरता सभ्यता के दायरे से बाहर है।

सभ्यता की सीढ़ी

— The ladder of civilization. Refers to the stages of development.

मनुष्य ने सभ्यता की कई सीढ़ियाँ चढ़ी हैं।

सभ्यता का प्रतीक

— A symbol of civilization.

पुस्तकालय सभ्यता का प्रतीक होते हैं।

सभ्यता का तकाज़ा

— The demand or requirement of civilization/politeness.

सभ्यता का तकाज़ा है कि हम शांत रहें।

सभ्यता की धारा

— The flow of civilization.

समय के साथ सभ्यता की धारा बदलती रहती है।

자주 혼동되는 단어

सभ्यता vs संस्कृति (Sanskriti)

Sanskriti is culture (internal/spirit), Sabhyata is civilization (external/structure).

सभ्यता vs तमीज़ (Tameez)

Tameez is specifically about manners, while Sabhyata is broader.

सभ्यता vs समाज (Samaj)

Samaj is the group of people (society), Sabhyata is the level of their development.

관용어 및 표현

"सभ्यता को ताक पर रखना"

— To set aside all manners or civilized rules; to act shamelessly.

उसने सभ्यता को ताक पर रखकर गाली-गलौज की।

Informal

"सभ्यता का जामा पहनना"

— To wear the 'garb' of civilization. Often implies someone is pretending to be civilized.

उसने सभ्यता का जामा पहना है, पर अंदर से वह बुरा है।

Literary

"सभ्यता की धूल चाटना"

— To be completely destroyed (referring to a civilization or pride).

अहंकारी सभ्यताओं ने भी धूल चाटी है।

Poetic

"सभ्यता का सूरज डूबना"

— The end of an era or the decline of a great civilization.

रोम की सभ्यता का सूरज एक दिन डूब गया।

Literary

"सभ्यता के साये में"

— Under the shadow/protection of civilization.

हम सभ्यता के साये में सुरक्षित महसूस करते हैं।

Neutral

"सभ्यता के संस्कार"

— The values or upbringing associated with civilization.

उसमें अपनी सभ्यता के संस्कार कूट-कूट कर भरे हैं।

Formal

"सभ्यता की बलि चढ़ाना"

— To sacrifice civilization (or manners) for something else.

लालच के लिए उसने सभ्यता की बलि चढ़ा दी।

Literary

"सभ्यता का डंका बजना"

— For a civilization to be famous or dominant everywhere.

एक समय पूरी दुनिया में भारतीय सभ्यता का डंका बजता था।

Informal

"सभ्यता की लकीर"

— The 'line' or limit of civilized behavior.

तुम्हें सभ्यता की लकीर पार नहीं करनी चाहिए।

Neutral

"सभ्यता के रंग में रँगना"

— To become fully adapted to a certain civilization or culture.

वह पूरी तरह पश्चिमी सभ्यता के रंग में रँग गया है।

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

सभ्यता vs संस्कृति

Both relate to human progress and heritage.

Sabhyata is the 'what' (tools, cities, laws); Sanskriti is the 'why' and 'how' (beliefs, art, spirit).

सभ्यता शरीर है, तो संस्कृति उसकी आत्मा है। (If civilization is the body, culture is its soul.)

सभ्यता vs शिष्टाचार

Both can mean 'good manners'.

Shishtachar is specifically about formal etiquette; Sabhyata is the broader state of being civilized.

सभ्यता एक बड़ी सोच है, शिष्टाचार उसका एक हिस्सा है।

सभ्यता vs तहज़ीब

Both mean refinement.

Tehzeeb is an Urdu-origin word often used for poetic/social refinement; Sabhyata is Hindi/Sanskrit and more academic.

उसकी तहज़ीब में पुरानी सभ्यता की झलक है।

सभ्यता vs आधुनिकीकरण

Both involve progress.

Adhunikikaran is the process of becoming modern; Sabhyata is the state of being civilized (which can be ancient).

आधुनिकीकरण का मतलब हमेशा सभ्यता नहीं होता।

सभ्यता vs विकास

Both mean growth.

Vikas is general development; Sabhyata is the organized result of that development in a society.

सभ्यता का विकास रुकना नहीं चाहिए।

문장 패턴

यह [Noun] सभ्यता है।

यह भारतीय सभ्यता है।

[Place] की सभ्यता [Adjective] है।

मिस्र की सभ्यता बहुत पुरानी है।

सभ्यता [Verb-Feminine] है।

सभ्यता बदल रही है।

हमें [Noun] की सभ्यता सीखनी चाहिए।

हमें जापान की सभ्यता सीखनी चाहिए।

सभ्यता के विकास में [Noun] का योगदान है।

सभ्यता के विकास में विज्ञान का योगदान है।

[Noun] सभ्यता का प्रतीक है।

ताजमहल भारतीय सभ्यता का प्रतीक है।

सभ्यता की सार्थकता [Phrase] में निहित है।

सभ्यता की सार्थकता शांति में निहित है।

सभ्यता के भग्नावशेषों से [Noun] का पता चलता है।

सभ्यता के भग्नावशेषों से प्राचीन जीवन का पता चलता है।

어휘 가족

명사

सभ्यता (civilization)

सभ्य (civilized person)

असभ्यता (incivility)

동사

सभ्य बनाना (to civilize)

सभ्य होना (to be civilized)

형용사

सभ्य (civilized/polite)

असभ्य (uncivilized/rude)

सभ्यतापूर्ण (civilized/polite - formal)

사용법

frequency

High in educational and formal contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'ka' instead of 'ki'. → भारत की सभ्यता (Bharat ki sabhyata).
'Sabhyata' is a feminine noun, so it requires the feminine possessive 'ki'.
Saying 'Sabyata' instead of 'Sabhyata'. → सभ्यता (Sabhyata).
The 'bh' (भ) is aspirated. You must release a puff of air while saying it.
Using 'Sabhyata' for simple 'please'. → कृपया (Kripya) or तमीज़ (Tameez).
'Sabhyata' is a heavy word. For simple politeness, use 'kripya' or 'tameez'.
Confusing 'Sabhyata' with 'Samaj'. → समाज (Society) vs सभ्यता (Civilization).
'Samaj' is the group of people; 'Sabhyata' is the level of their development.
Forgetting the plural form in history. → विश्व की सभ्यताएँ (Civilizations of the world).
When discussing multiple historical groups, use the plural 'sabhyataen'.

팁

Gender Agreement

Since 'Sabhyata' is feminine, always ensure your verbs end in 'i' or 'in'. For example: 'सभ्यता बढ़ रही है' (Civilization is growing).

Pair with Sanskriti

When writing about history or culture, using the phrase 'सभ्यता और संस्कृति' (Civilization and Culture) makes your writing sound more professional.

The 'Bh-y' Cluster

Practice saying 'Subh' and then 'Ya' quickly. Avoid putting a vowel between them. It should sound like one smooth sound.

Root Insight

Remember 'Sabhya' means someone who knows how to behave in a 'Sabha' (meeting). This helps you remember it means both 'civilization' and 'manners'.

History vs. Manners

If you see 'Sabhyata' in a history book, it's 'Civilization'. If you hear it in a scolding, it's 'Manners'.

Plural Usage

When talking about the world, use 'सभ्यताएँ' (plural) to acknowledge that there are many different cultures and systems.

Formal Register

Expect to hear this word in documentaries and news. It's a key 'anchor' word for formal Hindi.

The 'Ta' Suffix

Words ending in '-ta' in Hindi are like '-ity' in English. Sabhyata = Civility/Civilization.

Politeness

Using 'Sabhya' to describe someone is a very high compliment for their character and upbringing.

Indus Valley

Always associate 'Sabhyata' with the Indus Valley (Sindhu Ghati) to anchor its historical meaning.

암기하기

기억법

'Sab' (All) + 'Hyata' (similar to 'Hata' - removed). Think: 'When ALL rudeness is REMOVED, you get Sabhyata (Civilization).'

시각적 연상

Imagine a giant pyramid (history) next to a person bowing respectfully (manners). Both are 'Sabhyata'.

Word Web

Civilization History Manners Etiquette Progress Society Refinement Culture

챌린지

Try to use 'Sabhyata' in three ways today: once to describe a historical fact, once to compliment someone's manners, and once to describe a modern social trend.

어원

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'Sabhya' (सभ्य), which comes from 'Sabha' (सभा) meaning an assembly, meeting, or court. The suffix '-ta' (ता) is added to form an abstract noun.

원래 의미: Originally, 'Sabhya' meant someone fit for a 'Sabha' (a royal court or assembly), implying they were refined, educated, and well-mannered.

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using the antonym 'Asabhya' (uncivilized). It can be very offensive as it was historically used by colonial powers to look down upon indigenous people.

In English, we often use 'civilization' for history and 'manners' for behavior. Hindi uses 'Sabhyata' for both, which shows how closely linked social progress and personal conduct are in the Hindi worldview.

'Sabhyata ki Kahani' (The Story of Civilization) - a common title for history books. 'Sanskriti ke Char Adhyay' by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar - a famous book discussing Hindi civilization. Gandhi's 'Hind Swaraj' - critiques modern Western civilization.

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실제 사용 상황

History Class

प्राचीन सभ्यता (ancient civilization)
सभ्यता के अवशेष (remains of civilization)
सभ्यता की खोज (discovery of civilization)
नदी घाटी सभ्यता (river valley civilization)

Social Etiquette

सभ्यता से पेश आना (to behave with manners)
सभ्यता का व्यवहार (civilized behavior)
सभ्यता सिखाना (to teach manners)
सभ्यता का अभाव (lack of manners)

Political Debate

सभ्यता का संकट (crisis of civilization)
सभ्यता की रक्षा (protection of civilization)
वैश्विक सभ्यता (global civilization)
सभ्यताओं का मिलन (meeting of civilizations)

Literary Analysis

सभ्यता का दर्पण (mirror of civilization)
आधुनिक सभ्यता की आलोचना (criticism of modern civilization)
सभ्यता की जड़ें (roots of civilization)
सभ्यता का पतन (fall of civilization)

Daily Interaction

सभ्यता की कमी (lack of politeness)
सभ्यता के साथ (respectfully)
सभ्यता दिखाओ (show some manners)
सभ्यता की बातें (talk of civilization/manners)

대화 시작하기

"क्या आप मानते हैं कि आज की सभ्यता पिछली सभ्यताओं से बेहतर है?"

"भारतीय सभ्यता की सबसे बड़ी विशेषता क्या है?"

"क्या तकनीक हमारी सभ्यता को नष्ट कर रही है?"

"आपके देश की सभ्यता कितनी पुरानी है?"

"बच्चों को सभ्यता सिखाने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका क्या है?"

일기 주제

मेरे विचार में एक 'सभ्य' व्यक्ति वह है जो...

आज की सभ्यता के तीन सबसे बड़े खतरे।

अगर मैं किसी प्राचीन सभ्यता में जा पाता, तो वह कौन सी होती?

सभ्यता और प्रकृति के बीच का संतुलन क्यों बिगड़ रहा है?

मेरे परिवार में 'सभ्यता' का क्या अर्थ है?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It is a feminine noun. You should use feminine adjectives (पुरानी, महान) and possessive pronouns (मेरी, आपकी) with it.

Sabhyata refers to external progress like technology and urban living, while Sanskriti refers to internal values like art and religion.

Yes, in a formal or slightly scolding context, it means manners or etiquette. For example, 'सभ्यता से बात करो' (Talk with manners).

The plural is 'सभ्यताएँ' (sabhyatāen). In the oblique case (with postpositions), it becomes 'सभ्यताओं' (sabhyatāon).

You say 'प्राचीन सभ्यता' (prāchīn sabhyatā).

Yes, it is very common in history books, news, and formal discussions about society.

It comes from the Sanskrit word 'Sabhya,' which means 'fit for an assembly' or 'polite.'

The word for uncivilized is 'असभ्य' (asabhya).

No, 'Sabhyata' usually refers to a society. For a person, you use the adjective 'सभ्य' (sabhya) to mean they are civilized or polite.

No, it can also refer to 'modern civilization' (आधुनिक सभ्यता) or the current state of society.

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