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B2 noun #3,500 가장 일반적인 12분 분량

前提

zentei 상위 3,500

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 前提 30초 만에

설명 前提 in your Level:

At the absolute beginner level (A1), you don't need to use the word '前提' (zentei) very often, as it is quite formal and abstract. However, you can think of it as a 'starting point' or a 'first rule.' Imagine you are playing a game. The 'zentei' is the rule you must follow before you start. In very simple terms, if you want to eat, the 'zentei' is that you have food. It is the 'before-thing.' You might see it in simple signs or instructions that say something must happen 'first.' Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just remember that 'zen' means 'before.' This will help you when you see it in words like 'sensei' (born before) or 'zenbu' (all/before-part). At this stage, focus on the idea that some things must be true before other things can happen.

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At the elementary level (A2), you might start seeing '前提' (zentei) in simple news headlines or in serious conversations in anime or dramas. It usually means 'assumption' or 'premise.' One very common phrase you might hear is '結婚を前提に' (kekkon o zentei ni), which means 'with marriage in mind.' This is used when people are dating seriously. Even if you don't use it yourself, knowing this phrase is helpful for understanding Japanese culture. Think of 'zentei' as a 'required background.' For example, if a teacher says a class is for beginners, the 'zentei' is that you don't know the subject yet. It's the 'setting' or 'context' for a situation. You can start to recognize it as a noun that sets the stage for what comes next.

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At the intermediate level (B1), you should begin to use '前提' (zentei) to explain your logic or plans. It is very useful for clarifying your thoughts. You can use the pattern '~を前提に' (with ... as a premise) to show why you are doing something. For example, 'I'm studying Japanese on the premise that I will live in Japan' (日本に住むことを前提に、日本語を勉強しています). This shows a deeper level of planning than just saying 'because.' It implies a foundational goal. You will also encounter it in reading passages about social issues or business. It helps you understand the 'why behind the why.' At this level, try to use it when you want to sound more professional or serious about your intentions. It's a great word for moving beyond simple survival Japanese into meaningful discussion.

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At the upper-intermediate level (B2), which is where this word officially sits, you should master '前提' (zentei) in both speech and writing. You need to understand its role in logical arguments. You will often hear '前提条件' (zentei jouken - prerequisite) in business settings or '前提が違う' (the premise is different) in debates. You should be able to distinguish 'zentei' from 'jouken' (condition) and 'katei' (hypothesis). Use it to define the scope of your projects or to challenge someone else's logic politely. For example, 'On the premise that the budget is limited, we should focus on this feature.' This word is essential for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test N2 level. It allows you to participate in complex discussions where the underlying assumptions need to be clearly stated and agreed upon.

At the advanced level (C1), '前提' (zentei) becomes a tool for nuanced philosophical and legal discourse. You will use it to discuss 'unspoken premises' (暗黙の前提 - anmoku no zentei) in Japanese culture, such as the expectation of harmony. You should be comfortable using '大前提' (daizentei - major premise/absolute requirement) to emphasize non-negotiable points. In academic writing, you will use it to set up the framework of your research. You'll also encounter it in literature and high-level journalism to describe the shifting foundations of society. At this level, you aren't just using the word; you are analyzing the 'zentei' of the world around you. You can use it to explain complex concepts like 'presupposition' in linguistics or 'axioms' in logic. It is a key word for demonstrating high-level critical thinking in Japanese.

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At the mastery level (C2), you use '前提' (zentei) with the same precision as a native intellectual or legal professional. You can navigate the most complex 'zentei' in legal contracts, philosophical treatises, and political manifestos. You understand how 'zentei' can be subtly manipulated in rhetoric to lead an audience to a specific conclusion. You can engage in deep debates about whether the 'zentei' of modern society are still valid in a changing world. You might use phrases like '前提を覆す' (to overturn the premise) or '前提に立脚する' (to be based upon the premise) with perfect naturalness. For a C2 learner, 'zentei' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a fundamental category of thought that you use to deconstruct and reconstruct complex ideas in Japanese. You are fully aware of the cultural 'zentei' that govern Japanese social interaction and can navigate them flawlessly.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

前提 30초 만에

Zentei means premise or prerequisite, acting as a foundation.
Used in logic, business, and social contexts like serious dating.
Common patterns include ~o zentei ni and ~to iu zentei de.
It is more fundamental than a simple condition or reason.

The Japanese word 前提 (ぜんてい - zentei) is a sophisticated and essential noun that translates most accurately to 'premise,' 'prerequisite,' or 'assumption.' In the landscape of Japanese communication, it functions as the logical bedrock upon which an argument, a relationship, or a project is built. Unlike a simple 'condition' (条件 - jouken), which might be a single requirement, zentei implies a fundamental starting point that must be accepted as true or established before anything else can proceed. It is the 'given' in a mathematical proof, the 'ground rules' in a negotiation, and the 'intent' in a social commitment.

Logical Foundation: In academic or professional debate, zentei refers to the underlying assumptions. If the zentei is flawed, the entire conclusion is considered invalid. This makes it a critical word for critical thinking in Japanese.

この議論は、全員が参加するという前提で進められています。(This discussion is proceeding on the premise that everyone will participate.)

One of the most culturally significant uses of this word is in the romantic sphere. The phrase 結婚を前提に (kekkon o zentei ni), meaning 'with marriage as a prerequisite' or 'with the intention of marriage,' is a standard way to declare serious intentions when starting a relationship. It signals that the dating is not casual but is being conducted on the fundamental assumption that it will lead to marriage.

Business Context: In Japanese corporate culture, zentei is used to define project scopes and budgets. A 'zentei jouken' (prerequisite condition) is something that must be satisfied before a contract is signed or a phase begins.

予算が確保されていることが、この計画の大きな前提です。(The securing of the budget is a major premise of this plan.)

Furthermore, the word is used when someone challenges an argument by saying 'Zentei ga chigau' (The premise is wrong). This is a polite but firm way to say that the entire basis of the conversation is incorrect. It is more fundamental than just disagreeing with a point; it is disagreeing with the starting point itself.

Social Expectations: It often describes unspoken rules or common knowledge. In Japan, there is often a zentei of harmony (wa), where people are expected to read the air (kuuki o yomu) without being explicitly told the rules.

お互いの信頼を前提として、この契約を結びましょう。(Let's conclude this contract on the premise of mutual trust.)

話が通じるという前提がなければ、コミュニケーションは成立しない。(Without the premise that we can understand each other, communication cannot be established.)

彼は、自分が正しいという前提でしか話さない。(He only speaks on the premise that he is right.)

In summary, zentei is about the 'before-hand' (前) 'proposal/presentation' (提). It is what you put on the table before the real work begins. Whether you are studying for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test or engaging in business in Tokyo, understanding this word helps you navigate the underlying logic of Japanese thought and social structure.

Using 前提 (zentei) correctly requires understanding its grammatical patterns, most notably the particle combinations that turn this noun into a powerful adverbial phrase or a modifier. The most frequent patterns involve ~を前提に (~ o zentei ni) and ~という前提で (~ to iu zentei de). These structures allow you to specify the conditions or assumptions under which an action is taking place.

The Pattern: ~を前提に: This is used when an action is performed with a specific goal or foundation in mind. It is extremely common in business and formal social settings.

採用を前提に、インターンシップを実施する。(We will conduct the internship on the premise of eventual hiring.)

When you want to describe a state or a belief that serves as the basis for a situation, use ~という前提で. The 'to iu' part helps to define the content of the premise, often following a short sentence or a specific noun phrase. This is useful for clarifying assumptions that might not be obvious to everyone involved.

The Pattern: ~を前提とした: This is the adjectival form, used to describe a noun that is based on a specific premise. It is highly formal and found in legal documents or academic papers.

和解を前提とした話し合いが行われた。(Discussions were held based on the premise of a reconciliation.)

In daily conversation, you might hear people say 'Zentei to shite...' to begin an explanation. This sets the parameters for the information they are about to share. For example, 'As a premise, I am not an expert, but...' (前提として、私は専門家ではありませんが...). This helps manage expectations and ensures the listener interprets the following information correctly.

The Pattern: 前提が崩れる: This phrase means 'the premise collapses' or 'the assumption falls apart.' It is used when a situation changes so drastically that the original plan or argument is no longer valid.

景気が悪化し、計画の前提が崩れてしまった。(The economy worsened, and the premise of the plan collapsed.)

彼は、自分に非がないという前提で言い訳をした。(He made excuses on the premise that he was not at fault.)

このソフトは、最新のOSを前提に設計されている。(This software is designed on the premise of the latest Operating System.)

Finally, remember that zentei can be modified by adjectives like daizentei (major premise). This is often used to emphasize the most important, non-negotiable factor in a situation. For example, 'Customer safety is the major premise of our business' (お客様の安全が、我々のビジネスの大前提です).

You will encounter 前提 (zentei) in a wide variety of real-world scenarios in Japan, ranging from high-stakes business negotiations to casual discussions about life plans. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the nuance of the word beyond its dictionary definition. In Japan, clarity about assumptions is highly valued to avoid conflict (friction), making zentei a frequent guest in any meaningful dialogue.

In the Office: Listen for this during project kick-off meetings. Managers will often state the zentei for the project's success, such as 'Assuming we get the approval next week...' or 'On the premise that the market remains stable...' This helps align the team's expectations.

「今回のプロジェクトは、リモートワークを前提として進めます。」(This project will proceed on the premise of remote work.)

In television news and talk shows, commentators use zentei to dissect government policies or social trends. They might point out that a certain policy is based on a 'mistaken premise' (machigatta zentei), such as assuming the population will increase when it is actually shrinking. This analytical use is very common in intellectual discourse.

In Academic Settings: University professors and researchers use zentei when explaining theories. A theory is only valid under certain zentei (assumptions). Students are taught to identify these premises when critiquing a paper.

「その理論は、人間が常に合理的に行動するという前提に立っています。」(That theory is based on the premise that humans always act rationally.)

You will also hear it in legal contexts. A contract might state that the agreement is made on the zentei that all provided information is accurate. If a party lies, the zentei is violated, and the contract may be voided. This makes the word legally heavyweight.

In Daily Life and Hobbies: Even in hobbies like gaming or sports, zentei is used. A strategy might be built on the zentei that the opponent will use a specific move. If they don't, the strategy fails.

「このゲームは、オンライン対戦を前提に作られている。」(This game is made on the premise of online play.)

「そもそも、彼が来ないという前提で準備をしましょう。」(In the first place, let's prepare on the premise that he won't come.)

「再開発を前提とした立ち退き交渉が始まった。」(Negotiations for eviction based on the premise of redevelopment have begun.)

Whether you are reading a newspaper, watching a debate, or negotiating a lease, zentei is the word that defines the reality of the situation. It is the invisible frame that holds the picture together.

While 前提 (zentei) is a versatile word, English speakers and Japanese learners often make specific errors in its application. The most common mistake is confusing it with similar-sounding or conceptually related words like 条件 (jouken - condition), 理由 (riyuu - reason), or 仮定 (katei - hypothesis/assumption). Understanding the subtle boundaries between these terms is key to achieving a natural Japanese flow.

Mistake 1: Confusing with 'Condition' (条件): A 'jouken' is often a specific requirement or a deal point (e.g., 'The condition for the loan is a 5% interest rate'). A zentei is the fundamental assumption that makes the whole conversation possible (e.g., 'The premise is that you actually need a loan'). Using jouken when you mean the logical starting point can sound too transactional.

Incorrect: 彼は結婚の条件で付き合っている。(He is dating on the condition of marriage — sounds like a business deal.)
Correct: 彼は結婚を前提に付き合っている。(He is dating with the premise/intent of marriage.)

Another mistake involves the particle usage. Many learners try to use zentei with 'ga' or 'o' in ways that mimic English 'as a premise,' but they forget the necessary 'ni' or 'de'. For example, saying 'Zentei wa...' is fine for 'The premise is...', but when you want to say 'Based on the premise,' you must use ~を前提に or ~という前提で.

Mistake 2: Overusing it for simple 'if' statements: If you are just making a simple hypothetical like 'If it rains, I won't go,' do not use zentei. Use the conditional forms like '-tara' or 'moshi'. Zentei is for more formal or foundational assumptions.

Too heavy: 雨が降るという前提で、傘を持っていく。(I will bring an umbrella on the premise that it will rain — sounds like a scientific experiment.)
Natural: 雨が降りそうだから、傘を持っていく。(It looks like rain, so I'll take an umbrella.)

Furthermore, avoid confusing zentei with katei (仮定). Katei is a temporary assumption used for the sake of argument ('Let's assume X is true for a moment'). Zentei is a more permanent or established foundation that is meant to be the basis for actual action or belief.

Mistake 3: Misplacing 'Daizentei': People often use 'Daizentei' (Major Premise) for minor things. 'Daizentei' should be reserved for life-and-death matters, core values, or the most critical part of a contract. Using it for 'The major premise of this party is that there is pizza' sounds jokingly dramatic.

誇張気味: ピザがあることが、このパーティーの大前提だ。(That there is pizza is the major premise of this party.)

「平和であるという前提を忘れてはいけない。」(We must not forget the premise that we are at peace.)

「話が違う！そんなの前提になかった！」(That's not what we said! That wasn't part of the premise! — common in arguments.)

By being mindful of these distinctions, you will use zentei like a native speaker, adding a layer of logical precision to your Japanese communication.

To truly master 前提 (zentei), it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. Japanese has several words for 'assumption,' 'condition,' and 'basis,' each with its own specific register and nuance. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about a logical proof, a business requirement, or a social expectation.

前提 (Zentei) vs. 条件 (Jouken): As discussed, zentei is a foundational assumption, while jouken is a specific requirement. If you 'accept the zentei,' you accept the whole basis of the argument. If you 'accept the jouken,' you are agreeing to specific terms of a deal.

Example: 「この契約の前提は相互信頼です。具体的な条件は以下の通りです。」(The premise of this contract is mutual trust. The specific conditions are as follows.)

Another close relative is 仮定 (katei), which translates to 'hypothesis' or 'supposition.' Use katei when you are saying 'Let's just imagine for a second...' or when setting up a 'what if' scenario in science or math. Zentei is more about what is actually being assumed as the basis for real-world action.

前提 (Zentei) vs. 基礎 (Kiso): Kiso means 'foundation' in a more physical or educational sense, like the foundation of a building or the basics of a language. Zentei is the logical foundation of a thought or plan.

「数学の基礎ができていれば、この問題の前提も理解できるはずだ。」(If you have the basics of math down, you should be able to understand the premise of this problem.)

In formal writing, you might see 根拠 (konkyo), which means 'basis' or 'grounds' for a claim. While zentei is what you start with, konkyo is the evidence or reasoning that supports your conclusion. They are two sides of the same coin in an argument.

前提 (Zentei) vs. 思い込み (Omoikomi): Omoikomi is a negative word for 'preconception' or 'prejudice'—an assumption that is likely wrong. Zentei is neutral; it's just the starting point, whether right or wrong.

「それは単なる思い込みで、議論の前提にはなり得ない。」(That is a mere preconception and cannot serve as the premise of the discussion.)

「前提知識が必要な講義だ。」(This is a lecture that requires background/premise knowledge.)

「前提を疑うことから始めよう。」(Let's start by questioning the premises.)

Expanding your vocabulary to include these distinctions will make you a much more effective communicator in Japanese, allowing you to pinpoint exactly what kind of 'foundation' you are referring to.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The second kanji '提' is the same one used in 'teian' (proposal) and 'teikyou' (offer). It implies a proactive act of putting something on the table.

발음 가이드

UK zen.teː

US zen.teɪ

In Japanese, pitch accent is low-high-high. 'Ze' is low, 'n' is high, 'te' is high, and 'i' is high.

라임이 맞는 단어

限定 (Gentei - limitation) 鑑定 (Kantei - appraisal) 選定 (Sentei - selection) 判定 (Hantei - judgment) 安定 (Antei - stability) 暫定 (Zantei - tentative) 固定 (Kotei - fixed) 否定 (Hitei - denial)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'tei' as a short 'te'. It must be long.
Confusing the 'n' sound with 'm'.
Using English 'premise' stress (PRE-mise) which doesn't apply to Japanese.
Mixing up 'zentei' with 'zantei' (tentative).
Forgetting the long vowel in 'tei'.

난이도

독해 4/5

Kanji are common but the abstract nature makes it tricky.

쓰기 4/5

The second kanji 'tei' is often forgotten by learners.

말하기 3/5

Easy to pronounce once you get the long vowel right.

듣기 3/5

Common in news and serious talk, easy to hear.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

前 (Before) 条件 (Condition) 理由 (Reason) 関係 (Relationship) 基礎 (Foundation)

다음에 배울 것

仮定 (Hypothesis) 根拠 (Basis) 論理 (Logic) 背景 (Background) 要素 (Element)

고급

立脚 (Based on) 帰結 (Consequence) 公理 (Axiom) 演繹 (Deduction) 帰納 (Induction)

알아야 할 문법

~を前提に (~ o zentei ni)

合格を前提に勉強する。

~という前提で (~ to iu zentei de)

彼が来るという前提で準備する。

~を前提とする (~ o zentei to suru)

信頼を前提とする関係。

Noun + の前提 (Noun no zentei)

議論の前提。

前提としての + Noun (Zentei to shite no ...)

前提としての知識。

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수준별 예문

これは、ルールを前提にしたゲームです。

This is a game based on rules.

Simple noun + o zentei ni shita + noun.

まず、前提を確認しましょう。

First, let's check the premise.

Using zentei as a simple noun object.

前提が大切です。

The premise is important.

Subject + ga + adjective.

話し合いの前提は何ですか？

What is the premise of the discussion?

Question form using 'nani'.

前提を忘れないでください。

Please do not forget the premise.

Object + o + negative imperative.

新しい前提を決めました。

We decided on a new premise.

Noun + o + verb (past tense).

前提を知っていますか？

Do you know the premise?

Simple question about knowledge.

前提が分かりません。

I don't understand the premise.

Subject + ga + wakarimasen.

二人は結婚を前提に付き合っています。

The two are dating with marriage in mind.

Noun + o zentei ni + verb (te-iru form).

この話は、秘密であることを前提にしています。

This talk is on the premise that it is a secret.

Short sentence + koto + o zentei ni shite-iru.

前提条件を教えてください。

Please tell me the prerequisite conditions.

Compound noun: zentei + jouken.

その前提は少し間違っています。

That premise is a bit wrong.

Noun + wa + adverb + adjective.

前提なしで話し合いましょう。

Let's talk without any premises.

Noun + nashi de + verb (volitional).

前提が変わると、答えも変わります。

If the premise changes, the answer also changes.

Conditional 'to' showing cause and effect.

前提として、彼はプロではありません。

As a premise, he is not a professional.

Zentei to shite (introductory phrase).

同じ前提で考えましょう。

Let's think on the same premise.

Adjective + noun + de + verb (volitional).

日本での就職を前提に、この学校を選びました。

I chose this school on the premise of getting a job in Japan.

Noun + o zentei ni + main clause.

お互いの合意を前提として、契約を進めます。

We will proceed with the contract on the premise of mutual agreement.

Noun + o zentei to shite + verb.

そもそも、前提が間違っているのではないでしょうか。

In the first place, isn't the premise wrong?

Formal question 'de wa nai deshou ka'.

この計画は、予算が足りるという前提で立てられました。

This plan was made on the premise that the budget would be sufficient.

Short sentence + to iu zentei de.

前提知識がないと、この本は難しいです。

Without background knowledge, this book is difficult.

Zentei chishiki (compound noun).

彼は、自分が正しいという前提で話を進める傾向があります。

He tends to move the conversation forward on the premise that he is right.

Noun modification with 'to iu zentei de'.

前提を一つずつ確認していくことが必要です。

It is necessary to confirm the premises one by one.

Verb nominalization with 'koto'.

前提が崩れると、全ての計画をやり直さなければなりません。

If the premise collapses, we must redo all the plans.

Conditional 'to' + 'nakereba narimasen'.

今回の議論の前提を明確にしておきましょう。

Let's clarify the premises of this discussion beforehand.

Noun + o + adjective (meikaku) + ni shite-oku.

その提案は、現状維持を前提としているため、革新性に欠ける。

Since that proposal is based on the premise of maintaining the status quo, it lacks innovativeness.

Causal 'tame' + noun + o zentei to shite-iru.

民主主義は、国民の教育が十分であるという前提に立っています。

Democracy stands on the premise that the education of the citizens is sufficient.

Zentei ni tatsu (standing on a premise).

前提を共有していないと、建設的な議論は不可能です。

Without shared premises, a constructive discussion is impossible.

Verb 'kyouyuu suru' (to share).

このシステムは、大量のアクセスを前提に設計されています。

This system is designed on the premise of high volume access.

Noun + o zentei ni + passive verb (sekkei sarete-iru).

前提が覆された今、我々は新たな戦略を練る必要がある。

Now that the premise has been overturned, we need to develop a new strategy.

Passive verb 'kutsugaesareta' (overturned).

論理学において、前提から結論を導き出す過程は重要です。

In logic, the process of deriving a conclusion from premises is important.

Noun + kara + noun + o + verb.

前提条件が満たされない限り、この契約は無効です。

As long as the prerequisites are not met, this contract is invalid.

Noun + ga + mitasararenai kagiri (as long as ... not).

暗黙の前提を疑うことこそが、哲学の第一歩である。

Questioning unspoken premises is indeed the first step of philosophy.

Anmoku no zentei (unspoken premise) + koso (emphasis).

その社会モデルは、無限の成長という不可能な前提に依存している。

That social model relies on the impossible premise of infinite growth.

Noun + ni izon suru (to rely on).

平和は大前提であり、それを守るための努力は惜しんではならない。

Peace is the major premise, and we must not spare any effort to protect it.

Daizentei (major premise) + verb (negative imperative).

科学的な検証を行うには、前提を定数として固定する必要がある。

To perform scientific verification, it is necessary to fix the premises as constants.

Noun + o + noun + to shite + verb.

彼の主張は、偏った前提に立脚しており、客観性に欠けている。

His argument is based on biased premises and lacks objectivity.

Zentei ni rikkyaku suru (to be based on premises).

前提が極めて曖昧なため、プロジェクトの進行に支障をきたしている。

Because the premises are extremely ambiguous, it is hindering the progress of the project.

Adverb (kiwamete) + adjective + tame (causal).

前提を共有することで、異文化間の摩擦を最小限に抑えることができる。

By sharing premises, we can minimize cross-cultural friction.

Verb nominalization with 'koto de'.

いかなる議論も、何らかの前提なしには成立し得ない。

No discussion can ever be established without some kind of premise.

Ikanaru ... mo (no matter what ...).

ポストモダニズムは、近代主義の普遍的な前提を解体しようと試みた。

Postmodernism attempted to deconstruct the universal premises of modernism.

Noun + o + kaitai suru (to deconstruct).

この法的解釈は、憲法の基本精神を大前提として導き出されたものである。

This legal interpretation was derived with the basic spirit of the Constitution as its major premise.

Noun + o + daizentei to shite.

前提の妥当性を検証することなくして、真の解決は望めない。

Without verifying the validity of the premises, a true solution cannot be hoped for.

Noun + naku shite (without ...).

我々の日常的なコミュニケーションは、膨大な量の暗黙の前提の上に成り立っている。

Our daily communication is built upon a vast amount of unspoken premises.

Noun + no ue ni naritatsu (to be built upon).

前提を疑うという行為そのものが、既存の権力構造への挑戦となり得る。

The act of questioning premises itself can become a challenge to existing power structures.

Noun + sono mono (itself).

経済学の諸理論は、市場の完全性を前提とするか否かで大きく分かれる。

Various economic theories differ greatly depending on whether or not they assume market perfection.

Verb + ka ina ka de (depending on whether or not).

前提が恣意的であれば、そこから導かれる結論もまた恣意的にならざるを得ない。

If the premises are arbitrary, the conclusions derived from them must also inevitably be arbitrary.

Verb (zaru o enai - cannot help but).

対話の前提が失われたとき、残されるのは力による解決のみである。

When the premise of dialogue is lost, all that remains is a solution by force.

Noun + ga + ushinawareta toki (when ... is lost).

동의어

仮定条件基礎根拠前置き

반의어

結論結果帰結

자주 쓰는 조합

前提を置く

前提を疑う

前提が崩れる

前提に立つ

前提条件を満たす

前提を共有する

前提とする

前提を覆す

前提を明確にする

前提を欠く

자주 쓰는 구문

結婚を前提に

— Dating with the serious intention of marriage. A very standard social phrase.

結婚を前提にお付き合いしてください。

大前提として

— As a major/absolute premise. Used to state the most important rule.

大前提として、遅刻は厳禁です。

前提が違う

— The premise is different/wrong. Used to point out a logical flaw.

そもそも、君と僕では前提が違うんだ。

前提知識

— Background or prerequisite knowledge needed to understand something.

この授業には専門的な前提知識が必要です。

前提なしで

— Without any preconditions or assumptions. Open-minded.

前提なしで、一度話し合ってみませんか。

前提となる

— To become the premise or basis for something else.

信頼が、良好な関係の前提となる。

前提を置かずに

— Without placing/setting any premises. Neutrality.

前提を置かずに、事実だけを見てください。

前提を認める

— To accept the premise of an argument.

まずは相手の前提を認めることから始めよう。

前提を変える

— To change the underlying assumptions of a situation.

前提を変えれば、解決策が見えてくる。

前提を問う

— To question or interrogate the premises.

我々は、この社会の前提を問うべきだ。

자주 혼동되는 단어

前提 vs 条件 (Jouken)

Jouken is a specific requirement; Zentei is the fundamental assumption.

前提 vs 仮定 (Katei)

Katei is a 'what if' hypothesis; Zentei is a 'since this is true' premise.

前提 vs 理由 (Riyuu)

Riyuu is the cause; Zentei is the foundation.

관용어 및 표현

"前提が狂う"

— When the initial assumptions go awry, causing a plan to fail.

予想外の事態で、前提が狂ってしまった。

Neutral

"前提に甘んじる"

— To complacently accept the current assumptions without questioning them.

既存の前提に甘んじてはいけない。

Formal

"前提を盾にする"

— To use a premise as a shield or excuse to avoid change.

彼は予算のなさを前提を盾にして、何もしようとしない。

Critical

"前提を鵜呑みにする"

— To swallow a premise whole without thinking or verifying it.

ニュースの前提を鵜呑みにするのは危険だ。

Informal

"前提が独り歩きする"

— When a premise takes on a life of its own, regardless of the original facts.

間違った前提が独り歩きして、噂が広がった。

Neutral

"前提をなげうつ"

— To throw away or abandon the original premises.

これまでの前提をなげうって、ゼロから考え直す。

Literary

"前提に縛られる"

— To be constrained or tied down by existing assumptions.

過去の前提に縛られず、自由に発想しよう。

Neutral

"前提を突き崩す"

— To forcefully break down or demolish a premise.

彼の鋭い質問が、議論の前提を突き崩した。

Strong

"前提を据える"

— To set or establish a firm premise.

議論の核となる前提を据える必要がある。

Formal

"前提に胡坐をかく"

— To sit idly on one's assumptions (derived from sitting cross-legged).

今の成功という前提に胡坐をかいてはいけない。

Idiomatic

혼동하기 쉬운

前提 vs 暫定 (Zantei)

Sounds very similar to 'Zentei'.

Zantei means 'tentative' or 'provisional', while Zentei means 'premise'.

暫定的な予算 (Tentative budget) vs 予算を前提にする (Based on the budget).

前提 vs 全う (Mattou)

Starts with 'Zen'.

Mattou means 'to fulfill' or 'to complete'.

責任を全うする (To fulfill one's responsibility).

前提 vs 前提 vs 前景 (Zenkei)

Both start with 'Zen'.

Zenkei means 'foreground' (visual), while Zentei is 'premise' (logical).

写真の前景 (The foreground of the photo).

前提 vs 想定 (Soutei)

Both involve mental assumptions.

Soutei is an 'estimation' or 'scenario', while Zentei is a 'foundation'.

地震を想定する (To assume/prepare for an earthquake scenario).

前提 vs 基礎 (Kiso)

Both mean 'foundation'.

Kiso is physical or educational; Zentei is logical or situational.

数学の基礎 (The basics of math).

문장 패턴

[Goal]を前提に[Action]する

結婚を前提に付き合う。

[Fact]という前提で[Action]する

雨が降らないという前提で旅行に行く。

[Condition]を前提とした[Noun]

和解を前提とした話し合い。

[Subject]は[Premise]を前提としている

この計画は成功を前提としている。

[Premise]に立脚する

その理論は古い前提に立脚している。

[Premise]を大前提とする

安全を大前提とする。

[Premise]を解体する

既存の前提を解体する。

[Premise]なくしては成立しない

信頼という前提なくしては成立しない。

어휘 가족

명사

前提条件 (Zentei jouken - Prerequisite)

大前提 (Daizentei - Major premise)

前提知識 (Zentei chishiki - Background knowledge)

동사

前提とする (Zentei to suru - To assume as a premise)

前提にする (Zentei ni suru - To make something a premise)

형용사

前提とした (Zentei to shita - Based on the premise)

前提的な (Zenteiteki na - Premise-like/Foundational)

사용법

frequency

High in adult conversations, news, and business.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'jouken' for dating intent. → 結婚を前提に付き合う。
Jouken sounds like a business transaction; Zentei sounds like a serious life intention.
Using 'zentei' for a simple 'if' (e.g., if it rains). → もし雨が降ったら...
Zentei is too heavy for simple weather-based plans.
Confusing 'zentei' with 'zantei' (tentative). → 前提を確認する。
One vowel change completely changes the meaning to 'tentative'.
Forgetting the 'to iu' in complex premises. → 彼が来るという前提で...
When the premise is a sentence, you need 'to iu' to link it to the noun.
Using 'daizentei' for minor things. → 安全が大前提だ。
Save 'daizentei' for truly critical, non-negotiable foundations.

팁

Clarify your goals

Use '~o zentei ni' when you want to show you have a long-term goal in mind for your current actions.

Check the foundation

If a conversation is going nowhere, ask 'Zentei o kakunin shite mo ii desu ka?' (Can I check the premise?)

Serious Dating

If you are serious about someone in Japan, 'Kekkon o zentei ni...' is the most powerful thing you can say.

Particle Choice

Remember 'ni' for intent/goal and 'de' for situational assumptions.

Project Scoping

Always list your 'zentei jouken' at the start of a proposal to avoid future misunderstandings.

Kanji Recognition

Look for the 'before' kanji (前) to quickly identify the word's meaning in a text.

Learn the family

Learn 'daizentei' and 'zentei jouken' together with 'zentei' to expand your range.

Questioning

'Zentei o utagau' (questioning the premise) is a key phrase for analytical writing.

Shared Understanding

'Zentei o kyouyuu suru' (sharing the premise) is essential for teamwork in Japan.

JLPT Prep

Focus on identifying 'zentei' in reading passages to find the author's core argument.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Zen' (Before) and 'Tei' (Table). You put the 'Zentei' on the Table Before you start the game.

시각적 연상

Imagine a house being built. The 'zentei' is the concrete slab foundation that must be poured before the walls can go up.

Word Web

Logic Marriage Budget Assumption Foundation Prerequisite Agreement Rules

챌린지

Try to use 'zentei' in three different sentences today: one about a goal, one about a rule, and one about a logical assumption.

어원

The word is composed of two kanji: '前' (zen) meaning 'before' or 'front', and '提' (tei) meaning 'to propose', 'to present', or 'to carry'. Together, they literally mean 'what is presented beforehand'.

원래 의미: In classical contexts, it referred to things presented or proposed before a main event or argument.

Sino-Japanese (Kango).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'zentei' in personal arguments, as saying 'Zentei ga chigau' can sound very cold and overly logical.

In English, 'premise' sounds very academic. In Japanese, 'zentei' is used much more broadly in daily life, especially in dating.

The phrase 'Kekkon o zentei ni' is a trope in countless Japanese romantic dramas. In Japanese logic textbooks, 'Zentei' is the standard translation for 'Premise' in a syllogism. The concept of 'Anmoku no zentei' (unspoken premises) is a central theme in Japanese sociology.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Serious Dating

結婚を前提にお付き合いする
将来を前提に話す
真剣な前提
前提を確認する

Business Planning

予算を前提にする
現状を前提とした計画
前提条件の整理
前提が変わる

Academic Debate

理論の前提
前提を疑う
前提に立つ
前提を明確にする

Legal Contracts

契約の前提
前提事実
前提となる合意
前提の不一致

Software Development

動作前提
環境を前提とする
前提となるライブラリ
前提知識

대화 시작하기

"「結婚を前提に付き合う」という考え方について、どう思いますか？"

"仕事を進める上で、一番大切にしている前提は何ですか？"

"議論が噛み合わない時、前提を確認することはありますか？"

"日本の社会には、どのような「暗黙の前提」があると思いますか？"

"あなたが人生で最も疑った「前提」は何ですか？"

일기 주제

今日の自分の行動の「前提」は何だったか、振り返ってみましょう。

将来の計画を立てる際、どのような前提を置いていますか？

最近、自分の「思い込み」が「前提」になっていたと感じたことはありますか？

「平和」を前提とした生活について、自分の考えを書いてください。

もし、今の生活の前提がすべて崩れたら、あなたはどうしますか？

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, but it is the most famous context. 'Kekkon o zentei ni' is a set phrase. You could also say 'dating with the premise of moving abroad together,' but marriage is the standard default.

A 'jouken' is a condition you must meet (like a high score). A 'zentei' is the assumption that the test is even happening. 'Zentei' is deeper and more foundational.

Yes, it is common among adults. However, using it with kids might be too difficult; use 'yakusoku' (promise) or 'rule' instead.

It is neutral. However, 'Zentei ga chigau' (The premise is wrong) can be used to shut down an argument, which might feel negative to the other person.

You say '大前提' (daizentei). It is used to emphasize the most important rule or fact.

It means 'prerequisite knowledge' or 'background knowledge' needed to understand a book, lecture, or conversation.

Yes, very much so. It refers to the axioms or initial conditions of an experiment or theory.

It means an 'unspoken' or 'implicit' premise. It refers to things people assume without saying them out loud.

Not by itself, but you can add 'suru' to make 'zentei to suru' (to assume as a premise).

It is a key vocabulary word for the N2 level and appears frequently in reading passages about logic and society.

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