出します

§ Understanding 出します (出しません, 出しました, 出しませんでした)

Let's get straight to it. The verb 出します (だします) means "to take out" or "to submit." It's a versatile verb, so you'll hear it a lot. Like all Japanese verbs, its ending changes based on tense and politeness. Here's a quick look at the basic conjugations:

• 出します (だします): present/future, polite (affirmative) - "I will take out / submit" or "I take out / submit"
• 出しません (だしません): present/future, polite (negative) - "I will not take out / submit" or "I don't take out / submit"
• 出しました (だしました): past, polite (affirmative) - "I took out / submitted"
• 出しませんでした (だしませんでした): past, polite (negative) - "I did not take out / submit"

§ Basic Usage: Taking Something Out

One of the most common uses of 出します is to talk about taking something out of somewhere. This could be taking a book out of a bag, taking money out of a wallet, or even taking trash out of the house.

Grammar Point

To indicate the object being taken out, you use the direct object particle を (o).

Hint: 財布 (さいふ) means wallet, お金 (おかね) means money. So, "I took money out of my wallet."

Hint: 部屋 (へや) means room, ごみ means trash. So, "I will take the trash out of the room."

Grammar Point

To indicate the place from which something is taken out, you can use the particle から (kara).

Hint: かばん means bag, 本 (ほん) means book. So, "I took a book out of my bag."

§ Usage: Submitting Something

Another key meaning of 出します is "to submit." This is super useful in academic or professional settings. Think about submitting homework, a report, or an application.

Grammar Point

Again, the direct object particle を (o) is used for the item being submitted.

Hint: 宿題 (しゅくだい) means homework. So, "I submitted my homework."

Hint: レポート (repōto) means report. So, "I will submit the report."

Grammar Point

If you want to say *where* you submit it to, you can use the particle に (ni).

Hint: 先生 (せんせい) means teacher. So, "I submitted my homework to the teacher."

§ Other Common Phrases with 出します

出します is often used in combination with other words to form specific phrases. Here are a couple you'll definitely encounter:

• 手紙を出す (てがみを だす): to mail a letter (literally, to put out a letter)
• 声を出す (こえを だす): to make a sound, to speak up (literally, to put out a voice)

Hint: 郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく) means post office. So, "I will mail a letter at the post office."

Hint: もっと (motto) means more, 大きい (おおきい) means loud/big, ください (kudasai) makes it a request. So, "Please speak louder."

Keep practicing these examples, and you'll get comfortable with 出します in no time. It's a fundamental verb, so mastering it will significantly boost your ability to express yourself in Japanese.