A0 Script & Writing 1 min read 쉬움

Phonetic Spelling Rules

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Georgian is a phonetic language: every letter represents exactly one sound, so you read exactly what you see.

  • One letter equals one sound: 'დ' is always 'd' as in 'dog'.
  • No silent letters: Pronounce every single character in a word.
  • Consonant clusters: Georgian allows complex clusters; pronounce them without adding vowels.
Letter (A) + Letter (B) + Letter (C) = Sound (A) + Sound (B) + Sound (C)

Meanings

The principle that the Georgian alphabet (Mkhedruli) maintains a one-to-one correspondence between graphemes and phonemes.

1

Phonetic Consistency

Letters maintain their sound regardless of position.

“კატა (kata)”

“კარი (kari)”

Basic Letter-Sound Mapping

Letter Name Sound Example
ა ani a mama
ბ bani b bani
გ gani g gza
დ doni d deda
ე eni e ena
ვ vini v vazi

Reference Table

Reference table for Phonetic Spelling Rules
Form Structure Example
Simple C+V mama
Cluster C+C+V mtsvane
Long C+V+C+V+C sakartvelo
Final C+V deda
Initial V+C ena
Complex C+C+C+V brdzola

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
გამარჯობა

გამარჯობა (General greeting)

중립
გამარჯობა

გამარჯობა (General greeting)

비격식체
გამარჯობა

გამარჯობა (General greeting)

속어
გამარჯობა

გამარჯობა (General greeting)

Georgian Script Logic

Mkhedruli

Vowels

  • ა a
  • ე e

Consonants

  • ბ b
  • გ g
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수준별 예문

1

დედა

mother

2

მამა

father

3

კატა

cat

4

სახლი

house

1

გამარჯობა

hello

2

მადლობა

thank you

3

წყალი

water

4

წიგნი

book

1

საქართველო

Georgia

2

მეგობარი

friend

3

სწავლა

learning

4

მშვენიერი

beautiful

1

გადაწყვეტილება

decision

2

შესაძლებლობა

possibility

3

განსხვავება

difference

4

დამოუკიდებლობა

independence

1

გულმოდგინება

diligence

2

გადამწყვეტი

decisive

3

შესანიშნავი

excellent

4

განსაკუთრებული

exceptional

1

გადაუჭრელი

unsolved

2

გამომსახველობითი

expressive

3

შესაბამისობა

correspondence

4

განსაზღვრულობა

definiteness

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Phonetic Spelling Rules 대 Similar letters

Letters like 'პ' and 'პ' look alike.

자주 하는 실수

✗

Adding vowels

✓

Pronounce consonants together

Learners often add 'uh' between consonants.
✗

Silent letters

✓

Pronounce all

Assuming letters are silent like in English.
✗

Mispronouncing ejectives

✓

Use glottal stop

Treating ejectives as standard consonants.
✗

Ignoring prosody

✓

Use natural rhythm

Reading too robotically.

문장 패턴

ეს არის ___.

Real World Usage

Street signs constant

თბილისი

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💡

Read aloud

Always read aloud to train your ears.

Smart Tips

Break into syllables.

sakartvelo → sa-kar-tve-lo

발음

p' (პ)

Ejectives

Consonants produced with a glottal stop.

Statement

Falling pitch at the end.

Neutral information.

암기하기

기억법

Always read the letters like a train: one car after another, no skipping.

시각적 연상

Imagine each letter as a small puzzle piece that clicks into the next one to form a clear sound.

Rhyme

In Georgian land, the rule is clear, read every letter that you hear.

Story

A traveler arrives in Georgia. They see a sign: 'კ-ა-რ-ი'. They say 'k-a-r-i'. It means 'door'. They open it and find a new world of phonetic logic.

Word Web

ენადედამამაკარიწყალიწიგნი

챌린지

Find 5 Georgian words online and read them aloud slowly, ensuring you pronounce every single letter.

문화 노트

The alphabet is considered a national treasure.

The script dates back to the 3rd century BC.

대화 시작하기

“

How do you read this word?

일기 주제

Write 5 words you learned today.
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Test Yourself

Fill in the missing letter.

დ_და

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ე
The word is deda.

Score: /1

연습 문제

1 exercises
Fill in the missing letter.

დ_და

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ე
The word is deda.

Score: /1

자주 묻는 질문 (1)

No, every letter is pronounced.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Phonetic spelling

Georgian has more complex clusters.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Previous
The Ejective Consonants

Related Grammar Rules

A0

Mkhedruli: The Modern Alphabet
A0

The Three Scripts of History
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