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B1 noun 중립 2분 분량

cel

/t͡sɛl/
연습하기

Overview

The Polish word 'cel' is a versatile noun with two primary meanings: an 'aim' or 'purpose' and a 'target.' Understanding its usage requires attention to context.

When 'cel' refers to an 'aim' or 'objective,' it describes something one strives for, a desired outcome, or a reason for an action. It's often used with verbs like 'osiągnąć' (to achieve), 'postawić sobie' (to set for oneself), or 'dążyć do' (to strive for). For instance, 'Mój cel to zostać lekarzem' means 'My goal is to become a doctor.' In this sense, 'cel' speaks to long-term aspirations, project objectives, or personal ambitions.

Its second core meaning, 'target,' is more literal. It denotes something that is aimed at, especially in a physical sense, like a bullseye in archery, a goal in sports (e.g., 'strzelić w cel' - to shoot at the goal/target), or an object of focus in a military context. This usage is common in phrases like 'trafić w cel' (to hit the target) or 'celny strzał' (an accurate shot).

Grammatically, 'cel' is a masculine inanimate noun and follows the standard declension patterns for such nouns in Polish. For example, in the genitive case, it becomes 'celu' (e.g., 'brak celu' - lack of purpose), and in the dative, 'celowi' (e.g., 'dążenie celowi' - striving for a goal). Understanding its declension is crucial for forming grammatically correct sentences.

Furthermore, 'cel' is central to several common Polish idioms and phrases, enriching its semantic field. 'Bez celu' (without purpose) describes aimless activity, while 'mieć coś na celu' (to have something in mind/to aim at something) implies a deliberate intention. These phrases demonstrate how deeply integrated 'cel' is into the fabric of Polish expression, conveying nuances of intentionality and direction. Mastering 'cel' involves not just memorizing its definitions but also understanding its contextual applications, common collocations, and idiomatic uses.

예시

1

2

3

자주 쓰는 조합

jasny cel
główny cel
osiągnąć cel
wyznaczyć cel

사용법

사용 참고사항

The word 'cel' is a masculine inanimate noun in Polish, and its declension follows standard patterns. It can be used in various grammatical constructions to express different nuances of purpose or aim. For instance, 'osiągnąć cel' means 'to achieve a goal,' while 'dążyć do celu' means 'to strive for a goal.' When referring to the object of an action, 'cel' often takes the genitive case, as in 'cel podróży' (the destination of the journey) or 'cel ataku' (the target of the attack). It's also frequently used in prepositional phrases; 'w celu' (in order to) is a common way to express purpose, as in 'Zrobiłem to w celu poprawy sytuacji' (I did it in order to improve the situation). The diminutive form, 'celek,' is rarely used and typically implies a small, perhaps less significant goal. Unlike some English equivalents, 'cel' can apply to both abstract aspirations and concrete targets, such as a shooting target ('cel strzelecki'). When used in a sports context, it can refer to a goal in games like soccer ('strzelić gola/cel'). Understanding these nuances is key to using 'cel' accurately and naturally in Polish communication.

자주 하는 실수

None particularly common, but remember its masculine gender for declension.

팁

💡

Synonyms and related terms

Some common synonyms for 'cel' (goal) in Polish include 'zamiar' (intention), 'przeznaczenie' (purpose), 'zamysł' (design/plan), and 'meta' (finish line/goal in a race). You might also encounter 'obiektyw' (objective), though this is a more formal or technical term.

💡

Grammatical Considerations

'Cel' is a masculine inanimate noun in Polish. It declines like other masculine inanimate nouns. For example, in the genitive case (of a goal), it would be 'celu'. In the plural nominative (goals), it's 'cele'.

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Usage in Context

'Cel' is a very versatile word. You can use it in phrases like 'osiągnąć cel' (to achieve a goal), 'wyznaczyć cel' (to set a goal), or 'działać w celu' (to act with the aim of). It can refer to both short-term objectives and long-term aspirations.

어원

From Proto-Slavic *cělь, meaning 'whole' or 'target'. Cognates include Czech 'cíl' and Russian 'цель' (tsel').

문화적 맥락

The Polish word 'cel' holds significant cultural weight, reflecting a society that values purpose, determination, and forward-thinking. In everyday conversation, 'cel' often appears in discussions about personal aspirations, professional objectives, and national ambitions. It's common to hear phrases like 'mieć cel w życiu' (to have a goal in life) or 'działać w jakimś celu' (to act for a certain purpose), highlighting the importance of having direction. Historically, Poland's struggle for independence and its rebuilding efforts after various conflicts have instilled a collective appreciation for setting and achieving goals, both individually and as a nation. This cultural emphasis on 'cel' can be seen in literature, art, and even political discourse, where the pursuit of a better future or the preservation of national identity is frequently framed around specific objectives. The word also carries a connotation of precision and intentionality, differentiating it from more general terms like 'marzenie' (dream) which might imply something less tangible or actionable. Thus, 'cel' is deeply embedded in the Polish psyche as a driver of progress and a cornerstone of personal and collective identity.

암기 팁

Think of an archer aiming for a 'cell' (like a target cell) on a target.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

'Cel' in Polish primarily means 'goal,' 'aim,' or 'target.' It refers to an objective or an intended outcome that one strives to achieve. For instance, you might talk about a 'cel życiowy' (life goal) or a 'cel podróży' (destination of a journey). It encompasses the idea of something one is working towards or directing effort towards, whether in personal life, sports, or professional endeavors. The word is quite versatile and frequently used in various contexts to denote a desired result or an endpoint.

Yes, 'cel' can absolutely refer to a physical target. Beyond abstract goals, it is commonly used to describe an object or area at which one aims, such as in shooting, archery, or other sports. For example, a 'cel strzelniczy' is a shooting target, and a 'cel w grze' could be the objective in a game. This usage highlights the directness of aiming at something specific, whether it's a bullseye or a particular spot on a field. So, it bridges the gap between abstract objectives and tangible points of focus.

Indeed, there are several common idioms and phrases involving 'cel.' One widely used expression is 'osiągnąć cel' (to achieve a goal), which signifies successfully reaching an intended outcome. Another is 'trafić w cel' (to hit the target), which can be used literally in sports or figuratively to mean succeeding in something or making a correct point. 'Mieć na celu' (to have as one's aim/purpose) is also frequent, indicating the intention behind an action. These phrases demonstrate how deeply integrated 'cel' is within everyday Polish communication.

While 'cel' is quite precise, several synonyms or related words can be used depending on the nuance. 'Zamiar' (intention) is closely related, often referring to the plan behind an action. 'Obiekt' (object) can sometimes be used when referring to a physical target. 'Zadanie' (task or assignment) can be an objective that needs to be completed. 'Kierunek' (direction) might also be relevant when discussing the path towards a goal. Each of these words offers a slightly different perspective on the idea of an aim or objective, providing a richer vocabulary for expressing similar concepts.

셀프 테스트

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Jego główny ____ to ukończenie studiów.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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Mamy jeden wspólny ____: zwycięstwo.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

Strzelił prosto w ____.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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