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B1 noun #7,000 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

弊端

biduan 상위 7,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 弊端 30초 만에

설명 弊端 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '弊端' (bìduān) is a very advanced word that you likely won't need to use yet. However, you can think of it as a very fancy way to say 'bad things' (不好的东西) or 'problems' (问题) specifically for rules or systems. For example, if your school has a rule that you don't like because it makes everyone late, that rule has a '弊端'. At this stage, just remember that it is a noun for 'something bad in a system'. You don't need to worry about the complex characters yet, but knowing that '弊' means 'bad/corrupt' can help you later. Focus on simpler words like '坏' (huài - bad) or '错' (cuò - wrong) first. If you see this word in a sentence, look for context clues about rules, government, or schools, as those are the most common places it appears. It is pronounced 'bee-dwahn'.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more formal vocabulary. '弊端' (bìduān) means 'drawback' or 'disadvantage'. It is used when talking about policies or systems. For instance, 'the drawbacks of the internet' could be translated using this word. It's different from '缺点' (quēdiǎn), which you might use to describe a person's weakness. '弊端' is for bigger things like 'the drawbacks of this plan'. You will mostly see it in reading passages about social issues. Try to recognize the first character '弊' which looks quite complex—it has the 'death' (歹) radical and 'carpet' (毛) parts, though its meaning is 'fraud' or 'harm'. When you want to sound more professional in your writing, you can try replacing '不好的地方' (not good parts) with '弊端'. It shows you are moving beyond basic Chinese.

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As a B1 learner, '弊端' (bìduān) is an essential word for discussing social topics, which is a key part of this level. It refers to systemic disadvantages or harmful practices inherent in a method or system. You should be able to use it in sentences like '这项制度有很多弊端' (This system has many drawbacks). It is often used in the context of reforms—when a system is old and has many '弊端', it needs '改革' (reform). You should also learn the common phrase '利大于弊' (the benefits outweigh the drawbacks) and '弊大于利' (the drawbacks outweigh the benefits), as these are extremely common in B1-level essays and debates. Understanding this word helps you transition from talking about personal opinions to analyzing institutional structures. It is a formal noun, so avoid using it for minor personal issues.

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of '弊端' (bìduān). It is not just any disadvantage; it specifically implies a flaw that is 'built-in' to a system, often leading to corruption or inefficiency. You should be able to pair it with sophisticated verbs like '揭露' (jiēlù - expose), '消除' (xiāochú - eliminate), or '审视' (shěnshì - scrutinize). For example, '我们需要审视现行教育制度的弊端' (We need to scrutinize the drawbacks of the current educational system). You should also distinguish it from '弊病' (bìbìng), which suggests a more deep-seated, 'diseased' state of a system. In your writing, use '弊端' to provide a balanced analysis of complex topics like urbanization, technology, or economic policies. It is a key word for achieving a higher score on exams like HSK 5 or 6, where critical thinking is evaluated.

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For C1 learners, '弊端' (bìduān) is a tool for high-level socio-political and academic discourse. You should understand its historical roots and how it functions as a critique of institutional inertia. It is frequently used in editorials and policy papers to describe 'institutionalized' problems that are difficult to root out. At this level, you should be familiar with its use in classical-leaning four-character phrases or formal structures, such as '弊端丛生' (drawbacks/evils crop up everywhere). You should also be able to discuss the '弊端' of various philosophical or economic models with precision. For instance, discussing the '弊端' of a centralized economy versus a market economy requires this word to describe the inherent structural failures of each. Your usage should reflect an understanding that '弊端' often implies a moral or functional failure that requires systemic intervention.

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At the C2 level, '弊端' (bìduān) is part of a sophisticated vocabulary used for precise, critical analysis of complex systems. You should be able to use it effortlessly in spontaneous debates about governance, ethics, and global structures. You should also understand the subtle stylistic choice of using '弊端' versus '积弊' (jībì - long-standing evils/flaws). '积弊' refers specifically to problems that have accumulated over a long period, whereas '弊端' is the general term for the flaws themselves. At this level, you might use '弊端' to critique the very nature of language or human cognition in a philosophical essay. Your mastery of this word involves not just knowing its meaning, but knowing exactly when its formal, analytical tone is needed to convey a sense of gravitas and intellectual rigor. You should be able to identify and discuss the '弊端' of even the most successful systems, showing a deep capacity for critical evaluation.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

弊端 30초 만에

弊端 (bìduān) is a formal noun meaning systemic flaws or inherent disadvantages in policies and organizations.
It is primarily used for abstract systems like government, education, or management, rather than personal character traits.
Commonly paired with verbs like 'eliminate' (消除) or 'expose' (揭露) to discuss reform and critical analysis.
Essential for HSK 4-6 learners to discuss social issues and write balanced academic or professional essays.

The term 弊端 (bìduān) is a sophisticated noun in Chinese that refers to the inherent disadvantages, flaws, or corrupt practices within a system, policy, or method. Unlike the simpler word '坏处' (huàichu), which can describe anything negative, 弊端 specifically targets structural or systemic issues that lead to inefficiency or harm. It is frequently employed in formal discussions regarding government administration, corporate management, educational reforms, and social structures. When you use this word, you are pointing out that the problem isn't just a one-time mistake but a fundamental weakness in the way something is organized. It carries a connotation of 'institutional rot' or 'systemic pitfalls' that require reform or correction.

Structural Flaw: Refers to a weakness built into the very design of a process, such as the 弊端 of a bureaucratic system that slows down decision-making.

Corrupt Practice: Often used to describe dishonest or illegal behaviors that have become normalized within an organization, such as bribery or nepotism being a 弊端 of a specific industry.

这项新政策虽然初衷是好的，但在执行过程中也暴露了不少弊端。 (Although the original intention of this new policy was good, it also exposed many drawbacks during the implementation process.)

In modern Chinese society, you will hear this word in news reports discussing '应试教育的弊端' (the drawbacks of exam-oriented education) or '官僚主义的弊端' (the pitfalls of bureaucracy). It suggests a need for '改革' (gǎigé - reform) or '除弊' (chúbì - to eliminate evils/drawbacks). Because it is a formal term, using it in casual conversation about small things—like a broken toy—would sound overly dramatic and misplaced. It is reserved for serious analysis of how things work or fail to work.

我们需要通过改革来消除体制内的弊端。 (We need to eliminate the systemic flaws through reform.)

过度依赖科技也会带来一些社会弊端。 (Over-reliance on technology can also bring about some social drawbacks.)

Furthermore, 弊端 implies a certain level of permanence or recurrence. If a problem happens once, it is a '错误' (cuòwù - mistake). If the problem keeps happening because the rules allow it, it is a 弊端. This distinction is crucial for HSK learners aiming for B1 and above, as it demonstrates an understanding of Chinese logical categorization of problems.

Historical Context: The character '弊' (bì) historically referred to fatigue or being worn out, but evolved to mean fraud or malpractice. '端' (duān) means an end or an aspect. Combined, they describe the 'various aspects of fraud or failure' in a structure.

为了长远的发展，我们必须正视目前的弊端。 (For long-term development, we must face current drawbacks head-on.)

这种管理模式的弊端在于缺乏灵活性。 (The drawback of this management model lies in its lack of flexibility.)

Using 弊端 (bìduān) correctly requires understanding its typical grammatical pairings. As a formal noun, it often serves as the object of verbs that describe identifying, analyzing, or removing problems. Common verbs include 发现 (fāxiàn - to discover), 揭露 (jiēlù - to expose), 消除 (xiāochú - to eliminate), and 克服 (kèfú - to overcome). It can also be the subject of a sentence, often followed by the verb '在于' (zàiyú - to consist in/lie in) to explain exactly what the flaw is.

Verb + 弊端: Examples: 揭露弊端 (expose drawbacks), 减少弊端 (reduce drawbacks), 克服弊端 (overcome drawbacks).

记者通过深入调查，揭露了该行业的重重弊端。 (Through in-depth investigation, the reporter exposed the numerous drawbacks of the industry.)

When 弊端 is modified by an adjective, the adjective usually describes the quantity or nature of the flaws. Common modifiers include '种种' (zhǒngzhǒng - all kinds of), '潜在的' (qiánzài de - potential), '明显的' (míngxiǎn de - obvious), and '严重的' (yánzhòng de - serious). This helps to specify how pervasive or critical the systemic issues are.

Adjective + 弊端: Examples: 种种弊端 (various drawbacks), 潜在弊端 (hidden drawbacks), 制度性弊端 (institutional drawbacks).

我们必须正视这种体制存在的各种弊端。 (We must face the various drawbacks existing in this system.)

In academic or professional writing, 弊端 is often compared with '利' (lì - benefits/advantages). You might see the phrase '利大于弊' (lì dà yú bì - the benefits outweigh the disadvantages) or '弊大于利' (bì dà yú lì - the disadvantages outweigh the benefits). While '弊' here is a shortened version of 弊端, the full word is used when you want to be more descriptive about the specific nature of those disadvantages.

虽然城市化带来了便利，但也产生了一些环境方面的弊端。 (Although urbanization has brought convenience, it has also produced some environmental drawbacks.)

这个计划的弊端在短期内可能看不出来。 (The drawbacks of this plan might not be visible in the short term.)

Finally, when discussing solutions, 弊端 is the target of '改革' (reform) or '革除' (get rid of). It implies a proactive stance toward fixing things that are broken at a deep level. Using this word shows you are looking at the 'big picture' rather than just superficial errors.

弊端 + Verb: Example: 弊端显现 (drawbacks become apparent), 弊端丛生 (drawbacks crop up everywhere).

随着时间的推移，旧制度的弊端逐渐显现出来。 (As time goes by, the drawbacks of the old system gradually become apparent.)

You are most likely to encounter 弊端 (bìduān) in environments where critical thinking and systemic analysis are required. This includes news broadcasts, political speeches, academic lectures, and business strategy meetings. It is a staple of 'CCTV News' or 'People's Daily' editorials when discussing social problems or the necessity of new laws. If a commentator is talking about why the housing market is failing or why the healthcare system needs more funding, they will invariably use 弊端 to describe the underlying issues.

News & Media: Journalists use it to critique government policies or corporate scandals. It sounds objective and analytical.

媒体批评了目前金融体系中存在的严重弊端。 (The media criticized the serious drawbacks existing in the current financial system.)

In an academic setting, professors and students use 弊端 when writing theses or during seminars. For example, a sociology student might discuss the '弊端' of rapid urbanization, such as the loss of traditional culture or environmental degradation. In this context, it is a tool for intellectual precision, allowing the speaker to distinguish between a 'problem' (问题) and a 'systemic flaw' (弊端).

教授详细分析了这种教育模式的弊端。 (The professor analyzed the drawbacks of this educational model in detail.)

Interestingly, you might also hear it in historical dramas (古装剧) when an emperor or a high-ranking official discusses the corruption of the imperial examinations or the military. The word has a timeless quality, connecting modern policy critiques with ancient statecraft. It evokes a sense of responsibility and the weight of governance.

Politics & Governance: Used in speeches about anti-corruption campaigns or administrative streamlining.

为了消除官僚主义的弊端，政府推行了新的考核制度。 (To eliminate the drawbacks of bureaucracy, the government implemented a new evaluation system.)

Finally, in the workplace, if you are discussing why a certain software or workflow isn't working for the team, saying '这个流程有很多弊端' (This workflow has many drawbacks) sounds much more professional and constructive than just saying '这个流程不好' (This workflow is bad). It suggests that you have analyzed the system and identified specific areas for improvement.

我们要寻找一个能够克服现有技术弊端的新方案。 (We need to find a new solution that can overcome the drawbacks of existing technology.)

One of the most frequent errors learners make is using 弊端 (bìduān) to describe personal character flaws or physical defects. For example, saying '他的弊端是太懒' (His drawback is that he is too lazy) is incorrect. For personal traits, you should use '缺点' (quēdiǎn). 弊端 is strictly for abstract systems, organizations, policies, or methods. It is a 'macro' word, not a 'micro' word.

Personal vs. Systemic: Incorrect: 他的身体有弊端。 Correct: 他的身体有缺陷 (quēxiàn - defect). Correct: 这个制度有弊端。

注意：不要把个人的缺点称为“弊端”。 (Note: Do not refer to personal shortcomings as 'drawbacks/bìduān'.)

Another mistake is confusing 弊端 with '错误' (cuòwù - mistake). A '错误' is an action that is wrong, while a 弊端 is a condition or a feature of a system that leads to bad outcomes. You can 'make' a mistake (犯错误), but you 'expose' or 'eliminate' a drawback (揭露/消除弊端). You don't 'make' a 弊端 in the same way you make a typo.

Learners also sometimes use 弊端 when they mean '危害' (wēihài - harm/danger). While a 弊端 can cause 危害, they are not the same. 弊端 is the flaw itself, whereas 危害 is the negative impact or damage caused by that flaw. For instance, '吸烟的弊端' sounds a bit strange; '吸烟的危害' is much more natural because smoking isn't a 'system' with a 'flaw', it's an activity with 'harmful effects'.

虽然两者都指负面的东西，但“弊端”侧重于制度内部的缺陷。 (Although both refer to negative things, 'bìduān' emphasizes flaws within a system.)

Finally, be careful with the register. Using 弊端 in a very casual setting, like complaining about a restaurant's slow service to a friend, might sound too formal. In such cases, '缺点' (quēdiǎn) or '不好的地方' (bù hǎo de dìfāng) is much more appropriate. Save 弊端 for your essays, professional reports, and deep discussions about social issues.

Register Check: Casual: 这家店服务不好。 Formal: 餐饮行业的管理制度存在某些弊端。

我们讨论的是社会制度的弊端，而不是个人的小毛病。 (We are discussing the drawbacks of the social system, not personal minor faults.)

To truly master 弊端 (bìduān), it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and near-synonyms. Each word has a slightly different nuance and usage context. Understanding these differences will help you choose the most precise word for your meaning.

缺点 (quēdiǎn) vs. 弊端: 缺点 is the most general term for 'shortcoming' or 'weakness'. It can be used for people, objects, or systems. 弊端 is more formal and specific to systemic or institutional flaws.

劣势 (lièshì) vs. 弊端: 劣势 refers to a 'disadvantage' in a competitive context (like sports or business). 弊端 refers to an inherent flaw that causes problems, regardless of competition.

虽然我们在资金上有劣势，但我们可以通过改革来消除管理上的弊端。 (Although we have a disadvantage in funding, we can eliminate management drawbacks through reform.)

Another similar word is 弊病 (bìbìng). While often interchangeable with 弊端, 弊病 (literally 'evil disease') has a stronger negative connotation, often implying that the flaw is like a chronic illness that is deeply rooted and hard to cure. It is even more formal and often used in literary or highly critical political contexts.

缺陷 (quēxiàn) vs. 弊端: 缺陷 usually refers to a physical defect or a missing piece in something that should be whole. For example, a 'product defect' is '产品缺陷'. 弊端 refers to the negative consequences of a system's design.

这个软件的缺陷已经修复了，但它在隐私保护方面的弊端依然存在。 (The defect in this software has been fixed, but its drawbacks in terms of privacy protection still exist.)

Finally, there is 副作用 (fùzuòyòng), which means 'side effect'. This is used when a policy or medicine has a primary goal that is achieved, but also causes unintended negative consequences. 弊端 is broader and refers to any inherent flaw, whether it was an unintended side effect or a fundamental part of the design.

Comparison Summary: Use 缺点 for people; 缺陷 for physical items; 劣势 for competition; and 弊端 for systems and policies.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The character '弊' (bì) contains the radical '廾' (gǒng) at the bottom in some forms, representing two hands, suggesting the 'handling' or 'manipulation' involved in corrupt acts.

발음 가이드

UK /biː dʊæn/

US /biː dwɑːn/

The stress is balanced on both syllables, as is typical in Mandarin, but 'bì' has a falling 4th tone and 'duān' has a high level 1st tone.

라임이 맞는 단어

端 (duān) 酸 (suān) 欢 (huān) 关 (guān) 穿 (chuān) 天 (tiān - partial rhyme in some dialects) 先 (xiān - partial rhyme) 圆 (yuán - partial rhyme)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'bì' as 'pì' (mixing up voiced/unvoiced).
Pronouncing 'duān' as 'dūn' (missing the 'a' sound).
Confusing the 4th tone of 'bì' with the 2nd tone 'bí'.
Misreading '弊' as '憋' (biē).
Ignoring the first tone in 'duān' and making it sound like 'duǎn' (3rd tone).

난이도

독해 4/5

The character '弊' is complex and requires recognition of its unique structure.

쓰기 5/5

Writing '弊' by hand is difficult for many learners due to the number of strokes.

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation is relatively straightforward once the tones are mastered.

듣기 3/5

Easy to recognize in formal contexts as it is a high-frequency formal word.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

问题 (wèntí) 坏 (huài) 缺点 (quēdiǎn) 制度 (zhìdù) 改革 (gǎigé)

다음에 배울 것

弊病 (bìbìng) 缺陷 (quēxiàn) 劣势 (lièshì) 核心 (héxīn) 优化 (yōuhuà)

고급

积重难返 (jīzhòng nánfǎn) 一针见血 (yìzhēn jiànxiě) 权力寻租 (quánlì xúnzū) 宏观调控 (hóngguān tiáokòng)

알아야 할 문법

Using '的' to create complex noun phrases.

这种[由于过度追求利润而产生]的弊端是非常危险的。

The '在于' (zàiyú) structure for definitions.

这个方案的弊端在于成本太高。

Contrasting with '虽然...但是...'.

虽然他很有才华，但他的管理方式存在弊端。

Using '种种' (zhǒngzhǒng) for emphasis.

旧时代的种种弊端都被废除了。

Passive voice with '被'.

系统中的弊端被专家们一一揭露了出来。

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수준별 예문

这个规则有一个弊端。

This rule has a drawback.

Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.

那个计划的弊端是什么？

What is the drawback of that plan?

Question using '是什么'.

我不喜欢这个制度的弊端。

I don't like the drawbacks of this system.

Use of '的' to show possession/attribute.

我们需要看到弊端。

We need to see the drawbacks.

Verb '看到' plus noun '弊端'.

弊端很多。

There are many drawbacks.

Subject + Adjective (functioning as a predicate).

这是弊端。

This is a drawback.

Simple demonstrative sentence.

你要改掉这些弊端。

You need to change these drawbacks.

'改掉' means to change or get rid of.

弊端在哪里？

Where is the drawback?

Question using '在哪里'.

这种方法的弊端很明显。

The drawback of this method is very obvious.

Adjective '明显' modifying the subject '弊端'.

虽然方便，但也有弊端。

Although it's convenient, there are also drawbacks.

Contrastive structure '虽然...但是...'.

我们要减少工作中的弊端。

We need to reduce the drawbacks in our work.

Verb '减少' (reduce) + Object.

这个系统的弊端在于太慢。

The drawback of this system lies in being too slow.

'在于' is used to explain the content of the drawback.

老师指出了作业中的弊端。

The teacher pointed out the drawbacks in the homework system.

'指出' means to point out.

每一个制度都有它的弊端。

Every system has its drawbacks.

'每一个...都' means 'every single one'.

我们必须正视这些弊端。

We must face these drawbacks head-on.

'正视' means to face squarely/honestly.

这种模式的弊端不容忽视。

The drawbacks of this model cannot be ignored.

'不容忽视' is a common B1/B2 phrase meaning 'cannot be ignored'.

改革的目的是消除现行制度的弊端。

The purpose of the reform is to eliminate the drawbacks of the current system.

'目的是...' structure.

利大于弊是我们选择这个方案的原因。

The fact that the benefits outweigh the drawbacks is the reason we chose this plan.

Use of the fixed phrase '利大于弊'.

这种教育方式的弊端已经引起了社会的关注。

The drawbacks of this education method have already attracted social attention.

Present perfect aspect with '已经...了'.

我们要通过调查来发现潜在的弊端。

We need to discover potential drawbacks through investigation.

'通过...来...' indicates the means to an end.

这种管理制度虽然有效，但也存在不少弊端。

Although this management system is effective, it also has many drawbacks.

'存在' (to exist) is frequently used with '弊端'.

为了长远发展，必须革除这些弊端。

For long-term development, these drawbacks must be eradicated.

'为了' expresses purpose.

网络购物虽然方便，但其弊端也不少。

Although online shopping is convenient, its drawbacks are not few.

'其' is a formal way to say 'its'.

专家们正在讨论该政策可能带来的弊端。

Experts are discussing the drawbacks that the policy might bring.

'带来' (to bring about) is a common verb for consequences.

官僚主义的弊端严重阻碍了经济的发展。

The drawbacks of bureaucracy have seriously hindered economic development.

Subject-Verb-Object with an adverbial modifier '严重'.

文章深刻地揭露了旧体制下的重重弊端。

The article profoundly exposed the numerous drawbacks under the old system.

'重重' emphasizes that the drawbacks are numerous and layered.

我们不能因为存在弊端就彻底否定这项技术。

We cannot completely negate this technology just because drawbacks exist.

'不能因为...就...' structure.

这种做法的弊端在于缺乏有效的监督机制。

The drawback of this practice lies in the lack of an effective supervision mechanism.

Formal vocabulary: '监督机制' (supervision mechanism).

只有消除这些弊端，企业才能焕发生机。

Only by eliminating these drawbacks can the enterprise regain its vitality.

'只有...才...' expressing a necessary condition.

这种分配制度的弊端导致了贫富差距的扩大。

The drawbacks of this distribution system led to the widening of the wealth gap.

'导致' indicates a causal relationship.

政府正在采取措施以克服目前体制的弊端。

The government is taking measures to overcome the drawbacks of the current system.

'以' here means 'in order to'.

他指出，过度竞争是该行业产生弊端的根源。

He pointed out that excessive competition is the root cause of the drawbacks in this industry.

'根源' means root cause.

我们要辩证地看待科技进步带来的利与弊端。

We should view the pros and drawbacks brought by technological progress dialectically.

'辩证地' (dialectically) is high-level academic Chinese.

这种一刀切的政策模式在实际操作中显现出诸多弊端。

This 'one-size-fits-all' policy model has shown many drawbacks in actual operation.

'一刀切' is an idiom for rigid uniformity.

积弊已久，想要在短期内消除所有弊端是不现实的。

The flaws have accumulated for a long time; it is unrealistic to eliminate all drawbacks in the short term.

'积弊已久' means deep-seated flaws over time.

该学说虽然具有开创性，但其内在的逻辑弊端也显而易见。

Although the theory is pioneering, its inherent logical drawbacks are also obvious.

'显而易见' means 'obvious/self-evident'.

唯有深化改革，才能从根本上铲除腐败的弊端。

Only by deepening reform can we fundamentally eradicate the drawbacks of corruption.

'铲除' means to root out/eradicate.

市场经济的自发性有时会引发一些结构性的弊端。

The spontaneity of the market economy sometimes triggers some structural drawbacks.

'结构性的' means structural.

我们需要构建一套能够自我修复弊端的动态系统。

We need to build a dynamic system that can self-repair its drawbacks.

'自我修复' means self-repairing.

通过对历史的回顾，我们可以发现历代政治体制的共同弊端。

Through a review of history, we can discover the common drawbacks of political systems throughout the ages.

'历代' means successive generations/dynasties.

在全球化浪潮中，单一主权国家治理模式的弊端愈发凸显。

In the wave of globalization, the drawbacks of the single sovereign state governance model are becoming increasingly prominent.

'愈发凸显' means becoming more and more prominent.

这种形而上学的思维方式，其弊端在于割裂了事物之间的普遍联系。

The drawback of this metaphysical way of thinking lies in severing the universal connections between things.

'形而上学' (metaphysical) and '割裂' (to sever/fragment) are C2 academic terms.

任何乌托邦式的构想在付诸实践时，往往会演变成一种体制性的弊端。

Any utopian vision, when put into practice, often evolves into an institutional drawback.

'付诸实践' means to put into practice.

该法律条文的模糊性为权力寻租留下了弊端的空间。

The ambiguity of the legal provision leaves room for the drawbacks of rent-seeking.

'权力寻租' (rent-seeking) is a specific political science term.

若不从源头上治理，这些社会弊端将会如野草般肆意蔓延。

If not governed from the source, these social drawbacks will spread wantonly like weeds.

'肆意蔓延' means to spread uncontrollably.

后工业社会中，官僚机构的臃肿已成为阻碍创新的主要弊端。

In post-industrial society, the bloatedness of bureaucracy has become a major drawback hindering innovation.

'臃肿' (bloated) is often used to describe bureaucracy.

这种对效率的极端追求，必然会导致人文精神缺失这一深层弊端。

This extreme pursuit of efficiency will inevitably lead to the deep-seated drawback of the loss of humanistic spirit.

'必然会导致' indicates an inevitable result.

通过对此项制度弊端的深度剖析，我们得以洞察权力运行的内在逻辑。

Through an in-depth analysis of the drawbacks of this system, we are able to gain insight into the inherent logic of power operation.

'剖析' (analyze/dissect) and '洞察' (insight) are formal C2 verbs.

동의어

缺点劣势缺陷短处弊害

반의어

利端优点好处

자주 쓰는 조합

消除弊端

暴露弊端

种种弊端

制度弊端

潜在弊端

克服弊端

揭露弊端

严重弊端

防止弊端

纠正弊端

자주 쓰는 구문

利大于弊

— The benefits outweigh the disadvantages. Used to support a decision despite its flaws.

虽然有风险，但总体来看利大于弊。

弊大于利

— The disadvantages outweigh the benefits. Used to reject a proposal.

这种做法弊大于利，我们不能采纳。

革除弊端

— To eradicate or get rid of deep-seated flaws. Very formal.

我们要下决心革除体制弊端。

弊端丛生

— Drawbacks/evils cropping up everywhere. Describes a system in total disarray.

当时的社会弊端丛生，民不聊生。

显现弊端

— For drawbacks to become apparent or visible.

随着项目推进，之前的设计弊端开始显现。

分析弊端

— To analyze the drawbacks of something.

这篇文章深入分析了现代生活的弊端。

正视弊端

— To face the drawbacks squarely/honestly.

只有正视弊端，才能找到解决办法。

社会弊端

— Social evils or systemic problems in society.

他的一生都在致力于消除社会弊端。

体制性弊端

— Institutional or systemic drawbacks.

体制性弊端需要通过顶层设计来解决。

管理弊端

— Drawbacks in management or administration.

公司的管理弊端导致了人才流失。

자주 혼동되는 단어

弊端 vs 缺点

缺点 is for people's character or general flaws; 弊端 is for systems/policies.

弊端 vs 错误

错误 is a wrong action/mistake; 弊端 is a systemic flaw that causes problems.

弊端 vs 缺陷

缺陷 is a physical or structural defect in an object; 弊端 is a functional flaw in a system.

관용어 및 표현

"切中时弊"

— To hit the nail on the head regarding current social problems. Literally: to cut into the current '弊'.

他的演讲切中时弊，赢得了阵阵掌声。

Literary/Formal

"兴利除弊"

— To promote what is beneficial and abolish what is harmful.

新任市长的目标是兴利除弊，改善民生。

Formal

"积重难返"

— Deep-seated bad habits or systemic flaws that are hard to change. Often used with 弊端.

这些弊端积重难返，改革压力很大。

Formal

"贪赃枉法"

— To take bribes and pervert the law. A specific type of 弊端.

那些贪赃枉法的官员必须受到严惩。

Formal

"营私舞弊"

— To practice favoritism and engage in fraudulent activities.

他在考试中营私舞弊，被取消了资格。

Formal

"官官相护"

— Officials shielding one another (in corruption). A common systemic 弊端.

我们要打破官官相护的弊端，建立透明制度。

Formal

"陈规陋习"

— Outmoded conventions and bad customs. Often viewed as cultural 弊端.

我们要敢于打破陈规陋习。

Neutral/Formal

"因循守旧"

— To follow the old ways and be conservative. A cause of systemic 弊端.

因循守旧只会让弊端越积越多。

Formal

"本末倒置"

— To put the cart before the horse. A logical 弊端 in many plans.

追求速度而忽视质量，简直是本末倒置。

Neutral

"治标不治本"

— To treat the symptoms but not the root cause. Often said of poor attempts to fix 弊端.

这种做法只是治标不治本，弊端依然存在。

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

弊端 vs 弊病

Both start with '弊' and mean 'flaw'.

弊病 is more severe and formal, suggesting a 'disease-like' deep-seated problem. 弊端 is the standard word for any systemic drawback.

我们要消除这些小弊端。/ 这种社会的弊病已经无法医治了。

弊端 vs 劣势

Both refer to something negative.

劣势 is used for 'disadvantage' in a competitive setting. 弊端 is an inherent flaw regardless of competition.

我们在客场比赛有劣势。/ 这个制度本身有弊端。

弊端 vs 危害

Both involve negative outcomes.

危害 is the 'harm' or 'damage' caused. 弊端 is the 'flaw' that causes it.

吸烟的危害很大。/ 这种管理方式的弊端是缺乏监督。

弊端 vs 漏洞

Both mean 'flaw'.

漏洞 is a 'hole' or 'gap' (often in security or logic). 弊端 is a broader systemic disadvantage.

他的话里有漏洞。/ 这种制度的弊端在于分配不均。

弊端 vs 副作用

Both are unintended negatives.

副作用 is a 'side effect' of something that otherwise works. 弊端 is an inherent flaw in the design itself.

这种药有副作用。/ 这个新政策的弊端在于执行成本太高。

문장 패턴

这个[名词]有很多弊端。

这个计划有很多弊端。

[名词]的弊端在于[句子]。

这个系统的弊端在于速度太慢。

虽然[优点]，但其[弊端]也不容忽视。

虽然方便，但其弊端也不容忽视。

为了[目标]，我们必须消除[名词]的弊端。

为了提高效率，我们必须消除管理上的弊端。

[名词]暴露了[名词]中的种种弊端。

这次事故暴露了安全制度中的种种弊端。

[名词]利大于弊 / 弊大于利。

总的来说，这项技术利大于弊。

针对[名词]的弊端，政府采取了[措施]。

针对医疗制度的弊端，政府采取了多项改革措施。

唯有[行动]，方能铲除[名词]之弊端。

唯有深化改革，方能铲除官僚主义之弊端。

어휘 가족

명사

弊病 (bìbìng) - malady/evil

弊害 (bìhài) - harm/evil

舞弊 (wǔbì) - fraud/cheating

积弊 (jībì) - long-standing evils

동사

除弊 (chúbì) - to eliminate drawbacks

作弊 (zuòbì) - to cheat (in exams/games)

형용사

弊端百出 (bìduān bǎichū) - full of flaws/drawbacks

사용법

frequency

Highly frequent in news, academic writing, and formal speeches.

자주 하는 실수

他的弊端是经常迟到。 → 他的缺点是经常迟到。
You cannot use 弊端 for personal habits or character traits. Use 缺点 for people.
这个电脑有一个弊端，屏幕坏了。 → 这个电脑有一个缺陷，屏幕坏了。
For physical defects in objects, 缺陷 (quēxiàn) is more appropriate than 弊端.
我不小心犯了一个弊端。 → 我不小心犯了一个错误。
You 'make' a mistake (犯错误), but you don't 'make' a 弊端. A 弊端 exists in a system.
吸烟的弊端对身体不好。 → 吸烟的危害对身体不好。
Smoking is an activity with 'harms' (危害), not a system with 'inherent drawbacks' (弊端).
我们要改革弊端。 → 我们要消除/革除这些弊端。
You reform a 'system' (改革制度), but you 'eliminate' (消除) the drawbacks (弊端).

팁

Use in Essays

In HSK 5 and 6 essays, replace '不好的地方' with '弊端' to show a more advanced vocabulary level. It sounds more objective and analytical.

Pair with 种种

The word '种种' (all kinds of) is a very natural modifier for '弊端'. Saying '种种弊端' makes you sound like a native speaker.

Systemic vs. Personal

Always double-check if you are talking about a system or a person. If it's a person, use '缺点'. If it's a rule, use '弊端'.

Use '在于'

When explaining what the drawback is, use the structure '...的弊端在于...'. This is the most formal way to define the problem.

Learn the Idiom

Memorize '利大于弊'. It is one of the most useful phrases for expressing a balanced opinion in Chinese.

Falling Tone

Make sure the 'bì' is a strong falling tone. If it's too flat, it might be confused with other words.

Workplace Use

Use this word when proposing a change to a workflow or software. It shows you've thought about the structural reasons why it's not working.

Balance with 利

In a discussion, always try to mention both '利' (benefits) and '弊端' to show a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

Recall the 'Bad'

Remember that '弊' is also in '作弊' (to cheat). This helps you remember that '弊端' is about something 'wrong' or 'bad'.

News Trigger

When you hear '弊端' on the news, it's a signal that the reporter is about to critique a policy or explain a social problem.

암기하기

기억법

Bì (弊) looks like a complex machine that is broken (worn out). Duān (端) looks like someone standing (立) and pointing at the 'end' of a problem. So, 弊端 is pointing at the broken end of a machine/system.

시각적 연상

Imagine a large, rusty gear (the system) with a red flag (the 弊端) sticking out where the teeth are broken.

Word Web

弊端 (Center) 制度 (System) 改革 (Reform) 消除 (Eliminate) 揭露 (Expose) 利大于弊 (Benefits > Drawbacks) 舞弊 (Fraud) 缺点 (Weakness) 缺陷 (Defect)

챌린지

Try to write a paragraph about 'The drawbacks of social media' using '弊端' at least three times. Focus on the structural problems like privacy or addiction.

어원

The word '弊端' comes from Classical Chinese. '弊' (bì) originally meant 'worn out' or 'fatigued' (from the 'carpet/fur' 毛 and 'shabby' 敝 components). Over time, it evolved to mean 'bad/corrupt' or 'fraudulent'. '端' (duān) means 'end', 'aspect', or 'point'. Together, they describe the 'various points of failure or corruption' in a system.

원래 의미: The various points where a system is worn out or fraudulent.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

문화적 맥락

Avoid using '弊端' to describe a specific person's physical disability or character; it can sound insulting or overly clinical.

The English equivalent 'drawback' is less formal than '弊端'. In formal English, we might say 'systemic flaws', 'malpractices', or 'pitfalls'.

CCTV News commentaries often use '种种弊端' to describe international or domestic issues. The phrase '利大于弊' is a common essay title in Chinese standardized tests. Lu Xun's essays often critique the '弊端' of traditional Chinese culture.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Education Reform

应试教育的弊端
改革教学模式
减轻学生负担
培养创造力

Government & Policy

行政体制弊端
官僚主义作风
反腐倡廉
提高办事效率

Technology & Internet

网络时代的弊端
信息碎片的危害
保护个人隐私
沉迷网络的后果

Corporate Management

管理制度的弊端
优化工作流程
激励机制缺失
提高员工积极性

Economic Analysis

市场机制的弊端
贫富差距扩大
资源配置不均
可持续发展

대화 시작하기

"你认为现代社交媒体最大的弊端是什么？"

"在你的国家，教育制度有哪些需要改进的弊端？"

"你觉得远程办公（WFH）有哪些潜在的弊端？"

"如果我们不消除这些管理上的弊端，公司未来会怎样？"

"你认为大城市生活最明显的弊端是什么？"

일기 주제

写一篇文章分析你所在行业目前存在的三个主要弊端，并提出解决方案。

反思一下你自己的学习方法，看看其中是否存在某种长期未改的‘弊端’。

讨论一下人工智能（AI）发展的利与弊。你认为它的弊端是否可以被克服？

描述一次你因为某种制度弊端而感到挫折的经历。你学到了什么？

如果让你设计一个新的社会制度，你会如何避免贪污和官僚主义这些常见的弊端？

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, 弊端 is used for systems, policies, and organizations. If you want to say someone has a flaw, use '缺点' (quēdiǎn) or '毛病' (máobìng). For example, '他的缺点是迟到' (His shortcoming is being late).

Not necessarily, but it often implies multiple issues because systems rarely have just one flaw. You can say '一个弊端' (one drawback) or '种种弊端' (various drawbacks). In English, we often translate it as 'drawbacks' (plural).

坏处 is very general and informal. You can say 'eat too much candy has 坏处'. 弊端 is formal and systemic. You would say 'the 弊端 of the national healthcare system'. Use 弊端 in essays and professional settings.

The most common verbs are '消除' (xiāochú - eliminate), '揭露' (jiēlù - expose), '发现' (fāxiàn - discover), and '克服' (kèfú - overcome). You can also say '存在弊端' (drawbacks exist).

You use the four-character phrase '利大于弊' (lì dà yú bì). Conversely, if the cons outweigh the pros, you say '弊大于利' (bì dà yú lì).

Yes, it always refers to something negative—a flaw, a disadvantage, or a harmful practice. It is used when critiquing or identifying problems that need to be fixed.

Yes, it is very common to talk about the '弊端' of the internet, AI, or specific software systems, referring to their inherent structural problems like privacy issues or technical limitations.

Yes, it has 15 strokes and a complex structure. Many students find it difficult. A tip is to remember the '毛' (fur) on the bottom left and the '攴' (tap/hit) on the bottom right.

Yes, 弊病 is even more formal and has a stronger connotation of 'sickness' or 'corruption'. 弊端 is the more common, standard term for a drawback.

It is typically introduced at the B1 level (HSK 4 or 5) as students begin to discuss more complex social and professional topics.

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