A1 verb 중립 #3,000 가장 일반적인 3분 분량

迟到

chidao tʂʰ̩˧˥ tɑʊ˥˩
Practice it

Overview

The Chinese word '迟到' (chídào) is a verb that directly translates to 'to be late' or 'to arrive late' in English. It is a very common and practical word used in everyday conversations to describe situations where someone or something does not arrive at the expected or scheduled time.

'迟' (chí) means 'late' or 'slow', and it can be seen in other words like '迟缓' (chíhuǎn - slow, sluggish) or '延迟' (yánchí - to delay). '到' (dào) means 'to arrive' or 'to reach'. When combined, they form a clear and concise meaning.

This word can be used in a variety of contexts, applying to people, transportation, meetings, appointments, and even abstract concepts like deadlines. For example, if you miss your bus, you might say '我迟到了' (Wǒ chídào le - I am late/I arrived late). If a train is running behind schedule, you could say '火车迟到了' (Huǒchē chídào le - The train is late).

It's often followed by the particle '了' (le) to indicate the completion or occurrence of the action of being late, as in '我迟到了' (Wǒ chídào le). However, '了' is not always necessary, especially if the context already implies lateness or if it's used in a general statement. For instance, '我常常迟到' (Wǒ chángcháng chídào - I am often late) is perfectly fine without '了'.

'迟到' can be used in both formal and informal settings. While it directly means 'to be late', in some contexts, it can also carry a nuance of being 'behind schedule' or 'overdue'.

Here are some common sentence structures and examples:

**Subject + 迟到 + 了 (le)**

This is the most common structure for stating that someone or something is late.

  • Example: '他今天早上迟到了。' (Tā jīntiān zǎoshang chídào le.) - He was late this morning.
  • Example: '会议迟到了十分钟。' (Huìyì chídào le shí fēnzhōng.) - The meeting was delayed by ten minutes.

**Subject + 因为 + Reason + 所以 + 迟到 + 了 (le)**

Explaining the reason for being late.

  • Example: '因为堵车，所以我迟到了。' (Yīnwèi dǔchē, suǒyǐ wǒ chídào le.) - Because of the traffic jam, I was late.

**Verb + 迟到 (chídào)**

In some cases, '迟到' can be used after another verb, especially when describing actions that lead to lateness, although this is less common than using it as the main verb.

  • Example: '他害怕上班迟到。' (Tā hàipà shàngbān chídào.) - He is afraid of being late for work.

Understanding '迟到' is fundamental for expressing punctuality or the lack thereof in Chinese, and it is a word you will encounter frequently in daily life and conversation.

예시

1

你为什么总是迟到？

日常对话

Why are you always late?

2

我今天早上上班迟到了。

描述事实

I was late for work this morning.

3

对不起，我迟到了。

道歉

Sorry, I'm late.

4

火车可能会迟到。

预测

The train might be late.

5

他因为迟到被老师批评了。

事件描述

He was criticized by the teacher for being late.

자주 쓰는 조합

迟到早退
上学迟到
开会迟到
交货迟到

자주 혼동되는 단어

迟到 vs wán

To play or to finish

迟到 vs chí

Slow, to delay, or tardy

迟到 vs dào

To arrive or to reach

문법 패턴

Subject + 迟到 + 了 (le) Subject + 迟到 + 了 (le) + Time duration Subject + 因为 (yīnwèi) + Reason + 所以 (suǒyǐ) + 迟到 + 了 (le)

How to Use It

사용 참고사항

The word '迟到' (chídào) is a verb, commonly used to describe the act of arriving later than the expected or scheduled time. It can be used in various contexts, from being late for school or work to being late for an appointment or a social event. For example, '我迟到了' (Wǒ chídào le) means 'I was late' or 'I am late.' You can also specify what you are late for, such as '我上学迟到了' (Wǒ shàngxué chídào le), meaning 'I was late for school.' It can also be used as a noun in some contexts, as in '迟到是不好的' (Chídào shì bù hǎo de), meaning 'Lateness is not good.' The term often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying a failure to meet an expectation of punctuality. When apologizing for being late, one might say '对不起，我迟到了' (Duìbùqǐ, wǒ chídào le), meaning 'Sorry, I'm late.' It's a straightforward and widely understood term in Mandarin Chinese.

자주 하는 실수

One common mistake is confusing '迟到' (chídào - to be late) with '晚' (wǎn - late, evening). While both relate to lateness, '迟到' is a verb specifically meaning to arrive late to an event or appointment. '晚' is an adjective that can describe things as being late (e.g., '火车晚了' - the train is late) or refer to the evening time. Another mistake is using '迟到' when you mean to simply say something is 'slow.' For example, you wouldn't say a car is '迟到' if it's moving slowly; you would use '慢' (màn). Ensure you're using '迟到' in the context of being late for a specific arrival or event. For example, '我迟到了' (Wǒ chídàole - I was late) is correct, but '这个饭迟到了' (Zhège fàn chídàole - This food is late) is incorrect; you would say '饭还没到' (Fàn hái méi dào - The food hasn't arrived yet) or '饭来晚了' (Fàn lái wǎnle - The food came late).

Tips

💡

Usage and Nuances of 迟到 (chídào)

迟到 (chídào) specifically means 'to be late' or 'to arrive late.' It's primarily used for being late to an event, appointment, work, class, or any scheduled gathering. It implies that the person or thing that is late was expected at a certain time but failed to meet that expectation. For instance, '我今天迟到了' (Wǒ jīntiān chídào le) means 'I was late today.' It can also be used with objects or events, such as '飞机迟到了' (Fēijī chídào le), meaning 'The plane was delayed/late.' It's a common and direct way to express lateness.

💡

Distinguishing 迟到 from other 'late' expressions

It's important to differentiate 迟到 from other words that might seem similar but have different connotations or applications. For example, 晚 (wǎn) can mean 'late' as an adjective or adverb, but it's more general. '太晚了' (Tài wǎn le) means 'It's too late' (referring to time in general, or an opportunity). 后 (hòu) means 'after' or 'behind,' and while it can imply lateness in some contexts (e.g., '落后' - luòhòu, to fall behind), it doesn't directly mean 'to be late' for an appointment. 迟 (chí) as a single character also means 'late' or 'slow,' but it's often used in compound words like 迟到. Using 迟到 is the most accurate and common way to express being late for a specific event.

💡

Grammatical Structure and Common Phrases

迟到 is a verb. It can stand alone or be followed by a duration or a reason. Common structures include: 1. Subject + 迟到: '他迟到了。' (Tā chídào le - He was late.) 2. Subject + 迟到 + Duration: '她迟到了十分钟。' (Tā chídào le shí fēnzhōng - She was ten minutes late.) 3. Subject + 因为 (yīnwèi, because) + Reason + 迟到: '我因为堵车迟到了。' (Wǒ yīnwèi dǔchē chídào le - I was late because of the traffic jam.) 4. Colloquial expression: '你不能迟到！' (Nǐ bù néng chídào! - You cannot be late!) or '不好意思，我迟到了。' (Bù hǎoyìsi, wǒ chídào le - Sorry, I'm late.)

어원

The term '迟到' (chídào) is composed of two characters: '迟' (chí) and '到' (dào). '迟' (chí) originally depicted a person dragging their feet, signifying slowness or lateness. Its ancient forms often showed a foot or a path with an indication of dragging or delay. Over time, its meaning solidified to convey delay, slowness, or being late. '到' (dào) means 'to arrive' or 'to reach'. Its oracle bone script shows an arrow hitting a target, symbolizing arrival or attainment. It consistently carries the meaning of reaching a destination or a point in time. When combined, '迟到' literally means 'late arrive,' thus forming the meaning 'to be late' or 'to arrive late'. The combination directly conveys the idea of an arrival that is behind the expected or scheduled time. The phrase has been in use for centuries, and its meaning has remained consistent in conveying tardiness. It is a straightforward and descriptive compound word in Chinese, reflecting the action of arriving later than anticipated.

문화적 맥락

In Chinese culture, punctuality is highly valued, reflecting respect for others' time and commitment. Being '迟到' (chídào), or late, can be seen as disrespectful, especially in formal settings, business meetings, or when meeting elders or superiors. While slight lateness might be tolerated among close friends or in very informal social gatherings, habitual lateness is generally frowned upon and can negatively impact one's reputation. In professional environments, being late for work or meetings can be perceived as a lack of professionalism and dedication. There's an underlying expectation in many social interactions that one should arrive on time, if not slightly early, to show diligence and consideration. This cultural emphasis on punctuality is deeply ingrained and influences social etiquette and expectations.

암기 팁

The character '迟' (chí) means 'late' or 'slow.' Imagine a person walking very slowly, almost dragging their feet, making them late. The radical on the left, 辶 (chuò), is related to movement. The character '到' (dào) means 'to arrive.' Think of someone finally 'arriving' at their destination, perhaps a bit late. So, '迟到' literally means 'late to arrive.'

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

'迟到' (chídào) is a Chinese verb that means 'to be late' or 'to arrive late.' It is commonly used to describe situations where someone does not arrive at an expected time or misses an appointment. This term can be applied to various contexts, such as being late for school, work, a meeting, or any scheduled event. Understanding its usage is essential for proper communication in Chinese, as punctuality is often valued in many cultures.

'迟到' (chídào) is typically used as a verb in a sentence. For example, you might say "我迟到了" (Wǒ chídàole), which means "I am late" or "I was late." Another common usage is to specify the reason for being late, such as "因为交通堵塞，我迟到了" (Yīnwèi jiāotōng dǔsè, wǒ chídàole), meaning "Because of traffic jams, I was late." It can also be used to describe someone else, like "他经常迟到" (Tā jīngcháng chídào), meaning "He is often late." The structure is generally straightforward: subject + 迟到 + (optional details).

Yes, there are several common phrases and expressions that incorporate '迟到' (chídào). For instance, "迟到早退" (chídào zǎotuì) is an idiom that means "to be late and leave early," often used to describe someone who is not diligent in their work or studies. Another phrase is "迟到罚款" (chídào fákuǎn), which means "late penalty" or "late fine," often seen in regulations for overdue payments or attendance. Understanding these common expressions helps in grasping the full nuance of the word in different social and professional contexts.

While both '迟到' (chídào) and '晚' (wǎn) relate to lateness, they are used differently. '迟到' (chídào) is a verb specifically meaning 'to be late' or 'to arrive late' for an event or appointment. '晚' (wǎn), on the other hand, is primarily an adjective meaning 'late' or 'evening.' You can use '晚' to describe a time, such as "晚上" (wǎnshang) meaning 'evening,' or to say something happened late, like "来得很晚" (lái dé hěn wǎn) meaning 'came very late.' However, to express the action of being late, '迟到' is the more appropriate and direct verb.

셀프 테스트

fill blank

他因为堵车____了。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

对不起，我____了，路上有点堵。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

如果学生经常____，会影响学习。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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